TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brem, Silvia
A1  - Grünblatt, Edna
A1  - Drechsler, Renate
A1  - Riederer, Peter
A1  - Walitza, Susanne
T1  - The neurobiological link between OCD and ADHD
JF  - Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
N2  - Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two of the most common neuropsychiatric diseases in paediatric populations. The high comorbidity of ADHD and OCD with each other, especially of ADHD in paediatric OCD, is well described. OCD and ADHD often follow a chronic course with persistent rates of at least 40–50 %. Family studies showed high heritability in ADHD and OCD, and some genetic findings showed similar variants for both disorders of the same pathogenetic mechanisms, whereas other genetic findings may differentiate between ADHD and OCD. Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies suggest that partly similar executive functions are affected in both disorders. The deficits in the corresponding brain networks may be responsible for the perseverative, compulsive symptoms in OCD but also for the disinhibited and impulsive symptoms characterizing ADHD. This article reviews the current literature of neuroimaging, neurochemical circuitry, neuropsychological and genetic findings considering similarities as well as differences between OCD and ADHD.
KW  - OCD
KW  - ADHD
KW  - neuroimaging
KW  - genetics
KW  - neuropsychology
KW  - fMRI
KW  - MRI
KW  - EEG
KW  - neurobiology
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-121312
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baader, Anna
A1  - Kiani, Behnaz
A1  - Brunkhorst-Kanaan, Nathalie
A1  - Kittel-Schneider, Sarah
A1  - Reif, Andreas
A1  - Grimm, Oliver
T1  - A within-sample comparison of two innovative neuropsychological tests for assessing ADHD
JF  - Brain Sciences
N2  - New innovative neuropsychological tests in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD have been proposed as objective measures for diagnosis and therapy. The current study aims to investigate two different commercial continuous performance tests (CPT) in a head-to-head comparison regarding their comparability and their link with clinical parameters. The CPTs were evaluated in a clinical sample of 29 adult patients presenting in an ADHD outpatient clinic. Correlational analyses were performed between neuropsychological data, clinical rating scales, and a personality-based measure. Though inattention was found to positively correlate between the two tests (r = 0.49, p = 0.01), no association with clinical measures and inattention was found for both tests. While hyperactivity did not correlate between both tests, current ADHD symptoms were positively associated with Nesplora Aquarium's motor activity (r = 0.52 to 0.61, p < 0.05) and the Qb-Test's hyperactivity (r = 0.52 to 0.71, p < 0.05). Conclusively, the overall comparability of the tests was limited and correlation with clinical parameters was low. While our study shows some interesting correlation between clinical symptoms and sub-scales of these tests, usage in clinical practice is not recommended.
KW  - ADHD
KW  - neuropsychology
KW  - continuous performance test
KW  - Qb-Test
KW  - Nesplora Aquarium
KW  - attention
KW  - hyperactivity
KW  - GHQ-28
KW  - UPPS
KW  - impulsivity
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-220089
SN  - 2076-3425
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -