TY  - JOUR
A1  - Isaias, Ioannis U.
A1  - Marzegan, Alberto
A1  - Pezzoli, Gianni
A1  - Marotta, Giorgio
A1  - Canesi, Margherita
A1  - Biella, Gabriele E. M.
A1  - Volkmann, Jens
A1  - Cavallari, Paolo
T1  - A role for locus coeruleus in Parkinson tremor
JF  - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
N2  - We analyzed rest tremor, one of the etiologically most elusive hallmarks of Parkinson disease(PD), in 12 consecutive PD patients during a specific task activating the locus coeruleus (LC) to investigate a putative role of noradrenaline (NA) in tremor generation and suppression. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed in all subjects by reduced dopamine reuptake transporter (DAT) binding values investigated by single photon computed tomography imaging (SPECT) with [\(^{123}\)I] N-\(\omega\)-fluoropropyl-2 \(\beta\)-carbomethoxy-3 \(\beta\)-(4-iodophenyl) tropane (FP-CIT). The intensity of tremor (i.e., the power of Electromyography [EMG] signals), but not its frequency, significantly increased during the task. In six subjects, tremor appeared selectively during the task. In a second part of the study, we retrospectively reviewed SPECT with FP-CIT data and confirmed the lack of correlation between dopaminergic loss and tremor by comparing DAT binding values of 82 PD subjects with bilateral tremor (n = 27), unilateral tremor (n = 22), and no tremor (n = 33). This study suggests a role of the LC in Parkinson tremor.
KW  - locus coeruleus
KW  - disease
KW  - basal ganglia
KW  - resting tremor
KW  - functional neuroanatomy
KW  - dopamine
KW  - norepinephrine
KW  - progression
KW  - binding
KW  - rat
KW  - noradrenalin
KW  - parkinson disease
KW  - tremor
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-133955
VL  - 5
IS  - 179
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Appeltshauser, Luise
A1  - Brunder, Anna-Michelle
A1  - Heinius, Annika
A1  - Körtvélyessy, Peter
A1  - Wandinger, Klaus-Peter
A1  - Junker, Ralf
A1  - Villmann, Carmen
A1  - Sommer, Claudia
A1  - Leypoldt, Frank
A1  - Doppler, Kathrin
T1  - Antiparanodal antibodies and IgG subclasses in acute autoimmune neuropathy
JF  - Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
N2  - Objective
To determine whether IgG subclasses of antiparanodal autoantibodies are related to disease course and treatment response in acute- to subacute-onset neuropathies, we retrospectively screened 161 baseline serum/CSF samples and 66 follow-up serum/CSF samples.

Methods
We used ELISA and immunofluorescence assays to detect antiparanodal IgG and their subclasses and titers in serum/CSF of patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), recurrent GBS (R-GBS), Miller-Fisher syndrome, and acute- to subacute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (A-CIDP). We evaluated clinical data retrospectively.

Results
We detected antiparanodal autoantibodies with a prevalence of 4.3% (7/161), more often in A-CIDP (4/23, 17.4%) compared with GBS (3/114, 2.6%). Longitudinal subclass analysis in the patients with GBS revealed IgG2/3 autoantibodies against Caspr-1 and against anti-contactin-1/Caspr-1, which disappeared at remission. At disease onset, patients with A-CIDP had IgG2/3 anti-Caspr-1 and anti-contactin-1/Caspr-1 or IgG4 anti-contactin-1 antibodies, IgG3 being associated with good response to IV immunoglobulins (IVIg). In the chronic phase of disease, IgG subclass of one patient with A-CIDP switched from IgG3 to IgG4.

Conclusion
Our data (1) confirm and extend previous observations that antiparanodal IgG2/3 but not IgG4 antibodies can occur in acute-onset neuropathies manifesting as monophasic GBS, (2) suggest association of IgG3 to a favorable response to IVIg, and (3) lend support to the hypothesis that in some patients, an IgG subclass switch from IgG3 to IgG4 may be the correlate of a secondary progressive or relapsing course following a GBS-like onset.
KW  - Guillain-Barre-Syndrome
KW  - inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
KW  - musk myasthenia gravis
KW  - periperal nerve
KW  - neurofascin
KW  - autoantibodies
KW  - ontactin 1
KW  - biopsies
KW  - binding
KW  - switch
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230079
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  -