TY  - THES
A1  - Verburg, Frederik Anton
T1  - The course of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in patients in whom the initial I-131 ablative treatment was successful
T1  - Der Verlauf des differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinoms in Patienten bei wem die Erste I-131 Ablationsbehandlung erfolgreich war.
N2  - Objective: The objective of this study was to study recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who after initial therapy consisting of total thyroidectomy and I-131 ablation, were cured defined as a negative TSH-stimulated Tg-levels and a negative I-131 whole body scan (WBS) at the first follow-up after ablation. Methods: Retrospective data for differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients from three university hospitals were pooled. Out of 1993 patients, 526 cured patients were included. All patients received at least one more TSH-stimulated WBS and Tg-measurement within 5 years after initial treatment. Results: 12 patients (2.1%) developed a recurrence after an average interval of 35 months (range: 12-59 months) following administration I-131 ablation. Overall disease-free survival according to the method of Kaplan-Meier was 96.6%. There was no difference in disease-free survival between high- and low-risk patients (p=0.61). Recurrence was first discovered by Tg-measurement during levothyroxin therapy in 7 patients, and by TSH-stimulated Tg-measurement in 5 patients. I-131 WBS did not contribute to the detection of recurrences. Multivariate analysis showed that age TNM-stage (p=0.015) and histology (p=0.032) were independent predictors of disease-free survival. Conclusion: Recurrence is a rare event in patients with DTC who received total thyroidectomy with subsequent I-131 ablation, and who had a negative first follow-up TSH-stimulated I-131 WBS and negative concurrent Tg. In the study population there were no recurrences after more than 5 years of follow-up.
N2  - Ziel: Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Rezidivrate zu untersuchen bei Patienten mit einem differenziertem Schilddrüsen-Karzinom (DTC), die nach der ersten Behandlung, bestehend aus totaler Thyreoidektomie und I-131 Ablation, geheilt wurden. Heilung wurde definiert als eine negative TSH-stimulierte Tg-Messung und eine negative I-131 Ganzkörperszintigrafie (GKS) im ersten Follow-up nach der Ablation. Methoden: Retrospektive Daten für Patienten mit einem differenziertem Schilddrüsen-Karzinom aus drei Universitätskliniken wurden gemeinsam analysiert. 526 von 1993 Patienten wurden geheilt. Alle Patienten erhielten mindestens eine weitere TSH-stimulierte GKS und TG-Messung innerhalb von 5 Jahren nach der ersten Behandlung. Ergebnisse: 12 Patienten (2,1%) entwickelten ein Rezidiv nach einer durchschnittlichen Zeitdauer von 35 Monaten (Bereich: 12-59 Monate) nach der I-131-Ablation. Das rezidiv-freie Überleben berechnet mit der Methode von Kaplan-Meier lag bei 96,6%. Es gab keinen Unterschied im rezidiv-freien Überleben zwischen Hoch- und Niedrig-Risiko-Patienten (p = 0,61). Ein Rezidiv wurde zum ersten Mal entdeckt mittels Tg-Messung während Thyreosuppressiver Levothyroxin-Einnahme bei 7 Patienten, und mittels TSH-stimulierter Tg-Messung bei 5 Patienten. Die I-131-GKS führte nicht zur Erkennung von Rezidiven. Multivariate Analysen zeigten, dass TNM-Stadium (p = 0,015) und Histologie (p = 0,032) unabhängige Prädiktoren für das Rezidiv-freies Überleben waren. Fazit: Ein Rezidiv ist ein seltenes Ereignis bei Patienten mit DTC, die nach totaler Thyreoidektomie mit anschließender I-131-Ablation einen negativen ersten Follow-up bestehend aus TSH-stimulierter I-131 GKS und gleichzeitiger TG-Messung hatten. In der untersuchten Patientengruppe ergaben sich keine Rezidive nach mehr als 5 Jahren Nachsorge.
KW  - Schilddrüsenkrebs
KW  - Ablation <Medizin>
KW  - Radioiod
KW  - Langfristige Prognose
KW  - Thyroid carcinoma
KW  - I-131 ablation
KW  - follow-up
KW  - prognosis
Y1  - 2008
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-33346
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Fetzer, Anita
A1  - Weizman, Elda
A1  - Reber, Elisabeth
T1  - Follow-ups across discourse domains: A cross-cultural exploration of their forms and functions
N2  - The edited volume documents the proceedings of the ESF workshop "Follow-ups across discourse domains: a cross-cultural exploration of their forms and functions". It examines the forms and functions of the dialogue act of a follow-up, viz. accepting or challenging a prior communicative act, in political discourse across spoken and written dialogic genres. Specifically, it considers (1) the discourse domains of political interviews, editorials, op-eds and discussion forums, (2) their sequential organization as regards the status of initial (or 1st order) follow-up, a follow-up of a prior follow-up (2nd order follow-up), or nth-order follow-up, and (3) their discursive realization as regards degrees of indirectness and responsiveness which are conceptualized as a continuum along the lines of degrees of explicitness and degrees of responsiveness. The chapters come from the fields of linguistics, discourse analysis, socio-pragmatics, communication, political science and psychology, examining the heterogeneous field of political discourse and its manifestation in diverse discourse genres with respect to evasiveness, indirectness and redundancy in mediated political discourse, professional discourse, discourse identity and doing politics, to name but the most prominent questions.
KW  - Pragmatik
KW  - Diskursanalyse
KW  - Medienanalyse
KW  - politischer Diskurs
KW  - follow-up
KW  - Medienkommunikation
KW  - pragmatics
KW  - discourse analysis
KW  - media communication
KW  - follow-up
KW  - political discourse
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-71656
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - van de Kerkhof, Noortje W. A.
A1  - van der Heijden, Frank M. M. A.
A1  - Schneider, Marc K. F.
A1  - Pfuhlmann, Bruno
A1  - Stöber, Gerald
A1  - Egger, Jos I. M.
A1  - Verhoeven, Willem M. A.
T1  - Cycloid psychoses: Leonhard's descriptions revisited
JF  - European Journal of Psychiatry
N2  - Background and Objectives: Cycloid psychoses are characterized by polymorphic symptomatology with intraphasic bipolarity, a remitting and recurrent course and favourable prognosis. Perris and Brocicington (P&B) described the first set of operational criteria that were partly incorporated in ICD-10. The present study investigates psychopathological profiles according to the P&B criteria and the original descriptions by Leonhard, both against the background of the criteria from the prevailing international classification systems. 
Methods: Eighty patients with psychotic disorders were recruited and assessed with various psychometric instruments at baseline and after six weeks of antipsychotic treatment in order to investigate the presence of cycloid psychoses according to Leonhard (LCP) and the effect of treatment with antipsychotics. The overlap between LCP and DSM-IV Brief Psychotic Disorder (BPD), ICD Acute Polymorphic Psychotic Disorder (APP) and P&B criteria was calculated. 
Results: Using P&B criteria and a symptom checklist adapted from the original descriptions by Leonhard, 14 and 12 cases of cycloid psychosis were identified respectively reflecting a prevalence of 15-18%. Small though significant concordance rates were found between LCP and both DSM-BPD and ICD-APP. Concordance between LCP and P&B criteria was also significant, but modest. 
Conclusions: This study demonstrates that LCP can be identified in a substantial number of patients with psychotic disorders. Cycloid psychoses are not adequately covered in current classification systems and criteria. Since they are demonstrated to have a specific psychopathological profile, relapsing course and favourable prognosis, it is advocated to include these psychoses in daily differential diagnostic procedures.
KW  - P300
KW  - endogenous psychoses
KW  - follow-up
KW  - schizophrenia
KW  - disorder
KW  - classification
KW  - validity
KW  - family
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-134779
VL  - 26
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wimmer, Matthias D.
A1  - Randau, Thomas M.
A1  - Deml, Moritz C.
A1  - Ascherl, Rudolf
A1  - Forst, Raimund
A1  - Gravius, Nadine
A1  - Wirtz, Dieter
A1  - Gravius, Sascha
T1  - Impaction grafting in the femur in cementless modular revision total hip arthroplasty: a descriptive outcome analysis of 243 cases with the MRP-TITAN revision implant
JF  - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
N2  - Background: We present a descriptive and retrospective analysis of revision total hip arthroplasties (THA) using the MRP-TITAN stem (Peter Brehm, Weisendorf, GER) with distal diaphyseal fixation and metaphyseal defect augmentation. Our hypothesis was that the metaphyseal defect augmentation (Impaction Bone Grafting) improves the stem survival. 
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the aggregated and anonymized data of 243 femoral stem revisions. 68 patients with 70 implants (28.8%) received an allograft augmentation for metaphyseal defects; 165 patients with 173 implants (71.2%) did not, and served as controls. The mean follow-up was 4.4 +/- 1.8 years (range, 2.1-9.6 years). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the study and control group regarding age, body mass index (BMI), femoral defects (types I-III as described by Paprosky), and preoperative Harris Hip Score (HHS). Postoperative clinical function was evaluated using the HHS. Postoperative radiologic examination evaluated implant stability, axial implant migration, signs of implant loosening, periprosthetic radiolucencies, as well as bone regeneration and resorption. 
Results: There were comparable rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications in the study and control groups (p > 0.05). Clinical function, expressed as the increase in the postoperative HHS over the preoperative score, showed significantly greater improvement in the group with Impaction Bone Grafting (35.6 +/- 14.3 vs. 30.8 +/- 15.8; p <= 0.05). The study group showed better outcome especially for larger defects (types II C and III as described by Paprosky) and stem diameters >= 17 mm. The two groups did not show significant differences in the rate of aseptic loosening (1.4% vs. 2.9%) and the rate of revisions (8.6% vs. 11%). The Kaplan-Meier survival for the MRP-TITAN stem in both groups together was 93.8% after 8.8 years. [Study group 95.7% after 8.54 years; control group 93.1% after 8.7 years]. Radiologic evaluation showed no significant change in axial implant migration (4.3% vs. 9.3%; p = 0.19) but a significant reduction in proximal stress shielding (5.7% vs. 17.9%; p < 0.05) in the study group. Periprosthetic radiolucencies were detected in 5.7% of the study group and in 9.8% of the control group (p = 0.30). Radiolucencies in the proximal zones 1 and 7 according to Gruen occurred significantly more often in the control group without allograft augmentation (p = 0.05). 
Conclusion: We present the largest analysis of the impaction grafting technique in combination with cementless distal diaphyseal stem fixation published so far. Our data provides initial evidence of improved bone regeneration after graft augmentation of metaphyseal bone defects. The data suggests that proximal metaphyseal graft augmentation is beneficial for large metaphyseal bone defects (Paprosky types IIC and III) and stem diameters of 17 mm and above. Due to the limitations of a retrospective and descriptive study the level of evidence remains low and prospective trials should be conducted.
KW  - prosthesis
KW  - replacement
KW  - collarless
KW  - surgery
KW  - allografts
KW  - porous-coated stems
KW  - femoral revision
KW  - roentgenographic assessment
KW  - tapered stem
KW  - follow-up
KW  - modular
KW  - revision
KW  - hip
KW  - arthroplasty
KW  - impaction bone grafting
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122061
SN  - 1471-2474
VL  - 14
IS  - 19
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Held, Matthias
A1  - Hesse, Alexander
A1  - Gött, Franziska
A1  - Holl, Regina
A1  - Hübner, Gudrun
A1  - Kolb, Philipp
A1  - Langen, Heinz Jakob
A1  - Romen, Tobias
A1  - Walter, Franziska
A1  - Schäfers, Hans Joachim
A1  - Wilkens, Heinrike
A1  - Jany, Berthold
T1  - A symptom-related monitoring program following pulmonary embolism for the early detection of CTEPH: a prospective observational registry study
JF  - BMC Pulmonary Medicine
N2  - Background
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a long-term complication following an acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages which is concerning as delayed treatment has important implications for favourable clinical outcome. Performing a follow-up examination of patients diagnosed with acute PE regardless of persisting symptoms and using all available technical procedures would be both cost-intensive and possibly ineffective. Focusing diagnostic procedures therefore on only symptomatic patients may be a practical approach for detecting relevant CTEPH.
This study aimed to evaluate if a follow-up program for patients with acute PE based on telephone monitoring of symptoms and further examination of only symptomatic patients could detect CTEPH. In addition, we investigated the role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) as a diagnostic tool.

Methods
In a prospective cohort study all consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PE (n=170, 76 males, 94 females within 26 months) were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were contacted via telephone and asked to answer standardized questions relating to symptoms. At the time of the final analysis 130 patients had been contacted. Symptomatic patients underwent a structured evaluation with echocardiography, CPET and complete work-up for CTEPH.

Results
37.7%, 25.5% and 29.3% of the patients reported symptoms after three, six, and twelve months respectively. Subsequent clinical evaluation of these symptomatic patients saw 20.4%, 11.5% and 18.8% of patients at the respective three, six and twelve months time points having an echocardiography suggesting pulmonary hypertension (PH). CTEPH with pathological imaging and a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25 mm Hg at rest was confirmed in eight subjects. Three subjects with mismatch perfusion defects showed an exercise induced increase of PAP without increasing pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP). Two subjects with pulmonary hypertension at rest and one with an exercise induced increase of mPAP with normal PAOP showed perfusion defects without echocardiographic signs of PH but a suspicious CPET.

Conclusion
A follow-up program based on telephone monitoring of symptoms and further structured evaluation of symptomatic subjects can detect patients with CTEPH. CPET may serve as a complementary diagnostic tool.
KW  - follow-up
KW  - pulmonary embolism
KW  - pulmonary hypertension
KW  - pulmonary circulation
KW  - chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
KW  - pulmonary artery pressure
KW  - pulmonary artery
KW  - cardiopulmonary exercise testing
KW  - dyspnea
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-119281
VL  - 14
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wirtz, Dieter C.
A1  - Gravius, Sascha
A1  - Ascherl, Rudolf
A1  - Thorweihe, Miguel
A1  - Forst, Raimund
A1  - Noeth, Ulrich
A1  - Maus, Uwe M.
A1  - Wimmer, Matthias D.
A1  - Zeiler, Guenther
A1  - Deml, Moritz C.
T1  - Uncemented femoral revision arthroplasty using a modular tapered, fluted titanium stem 5-to 16-year results of 163 cases
JF  - Acta Orthopaedica
N2  - Background and purpose - Due to the relative lack of reports on the medium- to long-term clinical and radiographic results of modular femoral cementless revision, we conducted this study to evaluate the medium- to long-term results of uncemented femoral stem revisions using the modular MRP-TITAN stem with distal diaphyseal fixation in a consecutive patient series. 
Patients and methods - We retrospectively analyzed 163 femoral stem revisions performed between 1993 and 2001 with a mean follow-up of 10 (5-16) years. Clinical assessment included the Harris hip score (HHS) with reference to comorbidities and femoral defect sizes classified by Charnley and Paprosky. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were analyzed and the failure rate of the MRP stem for any reason was examined. 
Results - Mean HHS improved up to the last follow-up (37 (SD 24) vs. 79 (SD 19); p < 0.001). 99 cases (61%) had extensive bone defects (Paprosky IIB-III). Radiographic evaluation showed stable stem anchorage in 151 cases (93%) at the last follow-up. 10 implants (6%) failed for various reasons. Neither a breakage of a stem nor loosening of the morse taper junction was recorded. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a 10-year survival probability of 97% (95% CI: 95-100). 
Interpretation - This is one of the largest medium- to longterm analyses of cementless modular revision stems with distal diaphyseal anchorage. The modular MRP-TITAN was reliable, with a Kaplan-Meier survival probability of 97% at 10 years.
KW  - follow-up
KW  - distal fixation
KW  - bone loss
KW  - replacement
KW  - register
KW  - junction
KW  - cement
KW  - prosthesis
KW  - roentgenographic assessment
KW  - total HIP-arthroplasty
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114555
SN  - 1745-3674
VL  - 85
IS  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gyberg, Viveca
A1  - De Bacquer, Dirk
A1  - De Backer, Guy
A1  - Jennings, Catriona
A1  - Kotseva, Kornelia
A1  - Mellbin, Linda
A1  - Schnell, Oliver
A1  - Tuomilehto, Jaakko
A1  - Wood, David
A1  - Ryden, Lars
A1  - Amouyel, Philippe
A1  - Bruthans, Jan
A1  - Conde, Almudena Castro
A1  - Cifkova, Renata
A1  - Deckers, Jaap W.
A1  - De Sutter, Johan
A1  - Dilic, Mirza
A1  - Dolzhenko, Maryna
A1  - Erglis, Andrejs
A1  - Fras, Zlatko
A1  - Gaita, Dan
A1  - Gotcheva, Nina
A1  - Goudevenos, John
A1  - Heuschmann, Peter
A1  - Laucevicius, Aleksandras
A1  - Lehto, Seppo
A1  - Lovic, Dragan
A1  - Milicic, Davor
A1  - Moore, David
A1  - Nicolaides, Evagoras
A1  - Oganov, Raphae
A1  - Pajak, Andrzej
A1  - Pogosova, Nana
A1  - Reiner, Zeljko
A1  - Stagmo, Martin
A1  - Störk, Stefan
A1  - Tokgözoglu, Lale
A1  - Vulic, Dusko
T1  - Patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes need improved management: a report from the EUROASPIRE IV survey: a registry from the EuroObservational Research Programme of the European Society of Cardiology
JF  - Cardiovascular Diabetology
N2  - Background: In order to influence every day clinical practice professional organisations issue management guidelines. Cross-sectional surveys are used to evaluate the implementation of such guidelines. The present survey investigated screening for glucose perturbations in people with coronary artery disease and compared patients with known and newly detected type 2 diabetes with those without diabetes in terms of their life-style and pharmacological risk factor management in relation to contemporary European guidelines. 
Methods: A total of 6187 patients (18-80 years) with coronary artery disease and known glycaemic status based on a self reported history of diabetes (previously known diabetes) or the results of an oral glucose tolerance test and HbA1c (no diabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes) were investigated in EUROASPIRE IV including patients in 24 European countries 2012-2013. The patients were interviewed and investigated in order to enable a comparison between their actual risk factor control with that recommended in current European management guidelines and the outcome in previously conducted surveys. Results: A total of 2846 (46 %) patients had no diabetes, 1158 (19 %) newly diagnosed diabetes and 2183 (35 %) previously known diabetes. The combined use of all four cardioprotective drugs in these groups was 53, 55 and 60 %, respectively. A blood pressure target of <140/90 mmHg was achieved in 68, 61, 54 % and a LDL-cholesterol target of <1.8 mmol/L in 16, 18 and 28 %. Patients with newly diagnosed and previously known diabetes reached an HbA1c <7.0 % (53 mmol/mol) in 95 and 53 % and 11 % of those with previously known diabetes had an HbA1c >9.0 % (>75 mmol/mol). Of the patients with diabetes 69 % reported on low physical activity. The proportion of patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation programmes was low (approximate to 40 %) and only 27 % of those with diabetes had attended diabetes schools. Compared with data from previous surveys the use of cardioprotective drugs had increased and more patients were achieving the risk factor treatment targets. 
Conclusions: Despite advances in patient management there is further potential to improve both the detection and management of patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease.
KW  - heart
KW  - glycaemic control
KW  - cardiovascular diseases
KW  - myocardial infarction
KW  - glucose control
KW  - blood-glucose
KW  - risk factors
KW  - follow-up
KW  - mellitus
KW  - mortality
KW  - guidelines
KW  - coronary artery disease
KW  - type 2 diabetes
KW  - secondary prevention
KW  - management
KW  - guideline adherence
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - blood lipids
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-141358
VL  - 14
IS  - 133
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gassenmaier, Tobias
A1  - Petritsch, Bernhard
A1  - Kunz, Andreas S.
A1  - Gkaniatsas, Spyridon
A1  - Gaudron, Philipp D.
A1  - Weidemann, Frank
A1  - Nordbeck, Peter
A1  - Beer, Meinrad
T1  - Long term evolution of MRI characteristics in a case of atypical left lateral wall hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
JF  - World Journal of Cardiology
N2  - We are reporting a long-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up in a rare case of cardiac left lateral wall hypertrophy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic cardiovascular disorder and a significant cause of sudden cardiac death. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can be a valuable tool for assessment of detailed information on size, localization, and tissue characteristics of hypertrophied myocardium. However, there is still little knowledge of long-term evolution of HCM as visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. Recently, our group reported a case of left lateral wall HCM as a rare variant of the more common forms, such as septal HCM, or apical HCM. As we now retrieved an old cardiac MRI acquired in this patient more than 20 years ago, we are able to provide the thrilling experience of an ultra-long MRI follow-up presentation in this rare case of left lateral wall hypertrophy. Furthermore, this case outlines the tremendous improvements in imaging quality within the last two decades of CMR imaging.
KW  - cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
KW  - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
KW  - follow-up
KW  - atypical
KW  - left lateral wall
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-124934
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhao, De-Wei
A1  - Yu, Mang
A1  - Hu, Kai
A1  - Wang, Wei
A1  - Yang, Lei
A1  - Wang, Ben-Jie
A1  - Gao, Xiao-Hong
A1  - Guo, Yong-Ming
A1  - Xu, Yong-Qing
A1  - Wei, Yu-Shan
A1  - Tian, Si-Miao
A1  - Yang, Fan
A1  - Wang, Nan
A1  - Huang, Shi-Bo
A1  - Xie, Hui
A1  - Wei, Xiao-Wei
A1  - Jiang, Hai-Shen
A1  - Zang, Yu-Qiang
A1  - Ai, Jun
A1  - Chen, Yuan-Liang
A1  - Lei, Guang-Hua
A1  - Li, Yu-Jin
A1  - Tian, Geng
A1  - Li, Zong-Sheng
A1  - Cao, Yong
A1  - Ma, Li
T1  - Prevalence of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and its Associated Risk Factors in the Chinese Population: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey
JF  - Chinese Medical Journal
N2  - Background: Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) is a debilitating disease that represents a significant financial burden for both individuals and healthcare systems. Despite its significance, however, its prevalence in the Chinese general population remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NONFH and its associated risk factors in the Chinese population. 
Methods: A nationally representative survey of 30,030 respondents was undertaken from June 2012 to August 2013. All participants underwent a questionnaire investigation, physical examination of hip, and bilateral hip joint X-ray and/or magnetic resonance imaging examination. Blood samples were taken after overnight fasting to test serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. We then used multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the associations between various metabolic, demographic, and lifestyle-related variables and NONFH. 
Results: NONFH was diagnosed in 218 subjects (0.725%) and the estimated NONFH cases were 8.12 million among Chinese people aged 15 years and over. The prevalence of NONFH was significantly higher in males than in females (1.02% vs. 0.51%, \(\chi^2\) = 24.997, P < 0.001). Among NONFH patients, North residents were subjected to higher prevalence of NONFH than that of South residents (0.85% vs. 0.61%, \(\chi^2\) = 5.847, P = 0.016). Our multivariate regression analysis showed that high blood levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol, male, urban residence, family history of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, heavy smoking, alcohol abuse and glucocorticoid intake, overweight, and obesity were all significantly associated with an increased risk of NONFH. 
Conclusions: Our findings highlight that NONFH is a significant public health challenge in China and underscore the need for policy measures on the national level. Furthermore, NONFH shares a number of risk factors with atherosclerosis.
KW  - nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head
KW  - risk factors
KW  - idiopathic osteonecrosis
KW  - early-stage osteonecrosis
KW  - implantation
KW  - bone
KW  - marrow
KW  - follow-up
KW  - intake
KW  - avascular necrosis
KW  - occupational-status
KW  - cigarette smoking
KW  - alcohol
KW  - prevalence
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138482
VL  - 128
IS  - 21
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Werner, R.A.
A1  - Schmid, J.S.
A1  - Muegge, D.O.
A1  - Lückerath, K.
A1  - Higuchi, T.
A1  - Hänscheid, H.
A1  - Grelle, I.
A1  - Reiners, C.
A1  - Herrmann, K.
A1  - Buck, A.K.
A1  - Lapa, C.
T1  - Prognostic value of serum tumor markers in medullary thyroid cancer patients undergoing vandetanib treatment
JF  - Medicine
N2  - Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as vandetanib have shown clinical effectiveness in advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). During TKI treatment, fluctuations in the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and calcitonin (CTN) are frequently observed. Their role for treatment monitoring and the decision-making process has not been fully elucidated yet.
Twenty-one patients (male, 16, female, 5; mean age, 49±13 years) with progressive MTC receiving vandetanib (300mg orally per day) were considered. Tumor restaging was performed every 3 months including contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Response was assessed according to recent criteria (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, RECIST 1.1). Additionally, CEA and CTN were measured at the day of CT imaging and alterations observed in tumor markers were compared to respective imaging findings (partial response, PR; stable disease, SD; progressive disease, PD).
During long-term follow-up (510±350 days [range, 97-1140 days]), CTN and CEA levels initially dropped in 71.4% and 61.9% of the patients followed by fluctuations in serum marker levels. A rise in CTN ≥39.5% between 2 subsequent measurements (defined by ROC analysis) had a sensitivity of 70.6% and a specificity of 83.2% in predicting PD with an accuracy of 82.0% (area under the curve (AUC), 0.76). Oscillations in CEA levels were not predictive for PD.
Whereas tumor marker fluctuations in MTC patients undergoing TKI treatment are a frequent phenomenon, a significant rise in CTN ≥40% turns out to as an early indicator of tumor progression.
KW  - follow-up
KW  - kinase inhibitor
KW  - carcinoma
KW  - calcitonin
KW  - trial
KW  - medullary thyroid cancer
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-145154
VL  - 94
IS  - 45
ER  -