TY - JOUR A1 - Triphan, Simon M. F. A1 - Jobst, Bertram J. A1 - Anjorin, Angela A1 - Sedlaczek, Oliver A1 - Wolf, Ursula A1 - Terekhov, Maxim A1 - Hoffmann, Christian A1 - Ley, Sebastian A1 - Düber, Christoph A1 - Biederer, Jürgen A1 - Kauczor, Hans-Ulrich A1 - Jakob, Peter M. A1 - Wielpütz, Mark O. T1 - Reproducibility and comparison of oxygen-enhanced T\(_1\) quantification in COPD and asthma patients JF - PLoS ONE N2 - T\(_1\) maps have been shown to yield useful diagnostic information on lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, both for native T\(_1\) and ΔT\(_1\), the relative reduction while breathing pure oxygen. As parameter quantification is particularly interesting for longitudinal studies, the purpose of this work was both to examine the reproducibility of lung T\(_1\) mapping and to compare T\(_1\) found in COPD and asthma patients using IRSnapShotFLASH embedded in a full MRI protocol. 12 asthma and 12 COPD patients (site 1) and further 15 COPD patients (site 2) were examined on two consecutive days. In each patient, T\(_1\) maps were acquired in 8 single breath-hold slices, breathing first room air, then pure oxygen. Maps were partitioned into 12 regions each to calculate average values. In asthma patients, the average T\(_{1,RA}\) = 1206ms (room air) was reduced to T\(_{1,O2}\) = 1141ms under oxygen conditions (ΔT\(_1\) = 5.3%, p < 5⋅10\(^{−4})\), while in COPD patients both native T\(_{1,RA}\) = 1125ms was significantly shorter (p < 10\(^{−3})\) and the relative reduction to T\(_{1,O2}\) = 1081ms on average ΔT\(_1\) = 4.2%(p < 10\(^{−5}\)). On the second day, with T\(_{1,RA}\) = 1186ms in asthma and T\(_{1,RA}\) = 1097ms in COPD, observed values were slightly shorter on average in all patient groups. ΔT\(_1\) reduction was the least repeatable parameter and varied from day to day by up to 23% in individual asthma and 30% in COPD patients. While for both patient groups T\(_1\) was below the values reported for healthy subjects, the T\(_1\) and ΔT\(_1\) found in asthmatics lies between that of the COPD group and reported values for healthy subjects, suggesting a higher blood volume fraction and better ventilation. However, it could be demonstrated that lung T\(_1\) quantification is subject to notable inter-examination variability, which here can be attributed both to remaining contrast agent from the previous day and the increased dependency of lung T\(_1\) on perfusion and thus current lung state. KW - Medicine KW - Chronic obstrusive pulmonary disease KW - Asthma KW - Oxygen KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Breathing KW - Pulmonary imaging KW - Protons KW - Diagnostic medicine Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-171833 VL - 12 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fassnacht, Martin A1 - Johanssen, Sarah A1 - Allolio, Bruno T1 - Statements Cannot Be Substantiated : In Reply JF - Deutsches Ärzteblatt International N2 - No abstract available. KW - Medicine Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-142597 VL - 108 IS - 19 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nell, Manuel A1 - Burgkart, Rainer H. A1 - Gradl, Guntmar A1 - von Eisenhart-Rothe, Rüdiger A1 - Schaeffeler, Christoph A1 - Trappe, Dennis A1 - Prazeres da Costa, Clarissa A1 - Gradinger, Reiner A1 - Kirchhoff, Chlodwig T1 - Primary extrahepatic alveolar echinococcosis of the lumbar spine and the psoas muscle JF - Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials N2 - Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) of human being caused by Echinococcus multilocularis is a rare but important zoonosis especially in tempered zones of middle Europe and Northern America with endemic character in many countries. Due to the long incubation period, various clinical manifestations, critical prognosis, and outcome AE presents a serious and severe disease. The primary focus of infection is usually the liver. Although secondary affection of visceral organs is possible extrahepatic AE is highly uncommon. Moreover, the involvement of bone and muscle presents with an even lower incidence. In the literature numerous cases on hepatic AE have been reported. However, extrahepatic AE involving bones and/or muscles was described very rarely. We report a case of an 80-year-old man with primary extrahepatic alveolar Echinococcosis of the lumbar spine and the psoas muscle. The etiology, diagnosis, differential diagnoses, treatment options and outcome of this rare disease are discussed in context with the current literature. KW - Medicine Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-141796 VL - 10 IS - 13 ER - TY - THES A1 - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle T1 - Molekularbiologische Charakterisierung der Masernvirusreplikation in zentralen Nervensystem von Lewis- und BN-Ratten N2 - Einleitung: Das Masernvirus (MV) ist ein hochkontagiöser, primatenpathogener Erreger, der für die bekannte Masernerkrankung verantwortlich ist... N2 - No abstract available. KW - Medizin KW - Masernvirus KW - Immunbiologie KW - Masern KW - Medicine Y1 - 1988 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78465 ER - TY - THES A1 - Leidig, Dorothée T1 - Frauenheilkunde in volkssprachigen Arznei- und Kräuterbüchern des 12. bis 15. Jahrhunderts : eine empirische Untersuchung T1 - Gynaecology in 12th to 15th century pharmacopoeiae and herbaria in the vernacular. An empirical study. N2 - Die Arznei- und Kräuterbücher des Mittelalters enthalten eine große Zahl frauenheilkundlicher Rezepte. Da die Rezepte jedoch unsystematisch und weit verstreut vorliegen, konnten bislang nur bedingt qualifizierte Schlußfolgerungen - etwa über die Häufigkeit bestimmter Indikationen - gezogen werden. Die Verfasserin hat aus einem repräsentativen Querschnitt von 27 als Edition vorliegenden Arznei- und Kräuterbüchern rund 900 Rezepte quantitativ und qualitativ ausgewertet. Dabei wurde u.a. nach der Häufigkeit der einzelnen Indikationen, Anwendungen und Heilmitteln, nach der Wirksamkeit der empfohlenen Behandlungen, nach der Rolle der Patientin sowie nach überlieferungsgeschichtlichen Entwicklungen gefragt. Einige der interessantesten Ergebnisse: Die blutungsfördernden (emmenagogen) Rezepte stellen mit Abstand die größte Indikationsgruppe dar, wobei oft klar zwischen solchen Rezepten unterschieden wird, die eine Blutung zum Zwecke der Gebärmutterreinigung auslösen und solchen, die eine Menstruationsblutung herbeiführen wollen. Aus pharmakologischer Sicht ist die Grenze zwischen menstruationsfördernden und abortiven Rezepten fließend. Die Auswertung ihrer Wirksamkeit und ihres Kontextes zeigt, daß bei mehr als 10% der untersuchten Rezepte Kenntnisse über Abortivmittel und ihrer Anwendungen sicher vorausgesetzt werden können. Unter den treibenden Rezepten fand sich der größte Anteil an Verordnungen, die aus heutiger Sicht medizinisch wirksam sind. Bei den Gebärmutter- und Brusterkrankungen dagegen zeigt sich große Ratlosigkeit in Diagnose und Behandlung. Ein wichtiges Ergebnis ist die im Rahmen der Untersuchung aufgebaute Datenbank. Sie ist in Form zweier Tabellen abgebildet. Außerdem ist jedes Rezept im Wortlaut abgedruckt und mit einem Kommentar zu Indikation, Inhaltsstoffen, Anwendung, Parallelüberlieferungen und Besonderheiten versehen. Man kann nun frauenheilkundliche Rezepte nicht edierter Handschriften oder noch nicht ausgewerteter Editionen mit dem umfangreichen Datenbestand vergleichen, ohne sich durch Hunderte von Textseiten arbeiten zu müssen. Die Datenbank soll weiter ausgebaut und - sofern sich die nötige Unterstützung dazu findet - auch elektronisch zugänglich gemacht werden. N2 - Mediæval pharmacopœiae and herbaria contain a large number of recipes and remedies for gynaecological disorders. However, since these recipes were scattered over a wide area and only available in unsystematic order, it has merely been possible to draw vague conclusions from them, for example on the frequency of certain indications. The author of this study has conducted quantitative and qualitative evaluations of some 900 recipes and remedies culled from a representative cross-section of 27 pharmacopœiae and herbaria extant in book form. In so doing, questions were raised, amongst others, on the frequency of the various indications, applications and remedies, the efficacy of the treatments recommended, the rôle of the patient and the historical developments handed down. Some of the most interesting results are given here: The emmenagogic recipes and remedies (i.e. to promote and expedite menstruation) are by far the largest group of indications. Here, clear differentiation is often made between such remedies and recipes which trigger haemorrhaging with the object of purging the womb and those with the object of inducing menstruation. From the pharmacological point of view, the boundary between remedies and recipes promoting menstruation and those ecbolic in nature is blurred. Evaluation of their efficacy and their context shows that, in more than 10% of the recipes and remedies examined, it can be readily assumed that these were based on knowledge of abortifacients and ecbolics and their applications. The largest percentage of prescribed remedies, which are medically efficient from today’s point of view, can be found amongst the emmenagogues and abortifacient remedies and recipes. On the other hand, there is some evidence of much perplexity in the diagnosis and treatment of womb and breast disorders. One significant result of this study has been the databank compiled within the scope of the study itself. The database is shown in the form of two tables. In addition, each remedy/recipe is copied in the original wording with the provision of a commentary on indications, composition, applications, parallel traditions, and peculiar features. It is now possible to compare gynaecological recipes and remedies contained in unpublished manuscripts or in publications not yet evaluated with the extensive information contained in the database without having to wade through hundreds of pages of text. It is intended to continue to expand the database and – in as far as the necessary support can be found – made accessible electronically. KW - Gynäkologie KW - Arzneibuch KW - Geschichte 1100-1500 KW - Mittelalter KW - Medizin KW - Frau KW - Abtreibung KW - Arzneibuch KW - Volksheilkunde KW - Middle Ages KW - Medicine KW - Woman KW - Abortion KW - Popular Medicine Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-15347 ER -