TY - THES A1 - Barnsteiner, Stefanie T1 - CCR6 kontrolliert selektiv die Monozyten-vermittelte Entzündungsreaktion in der Atherosklerose T1 - CCR6 selectively promotes monocyte mediated inflammation and atherogenesis in mice N2 - Der Chemokinrezeptor CCR6 wird von einer Vielzahl unterschiedener Zelltypen exprimiert, wie zum Beispiel Monozyten, Th17-Zellen und regulatorische T-Zellen, die im Zusammenhang mit der Entstehung von Atherosklerose stehen. Um die Bedeutung von CCR6 in der Pathogenese der Atherosklerose bestimmen zu können, wurden CCR6-defiziente (Ccr6-/- ) Mäuse mit low-density lipoprotein receptordefizienten (Ldlr-/-) Mäusen gekreuzt, um Tiere zu erhalten, die anfällig für Atherosklerose und zudem CCR6-defizient sind. Nach acht Wochen pro-atherogener, fettreicher western-type diet war die Ausprägung der atherosklerotischen Läsionen im Aortensinus und der gesamten Aorta, sowie deren Gehalt an Plaquemakrophagen in den Ccr6-/-Ldlr-/- Tieren im Vergleich zu den Ldlr-/- Kontrolltieren signifikant vermindert. Die lokale und die systemische Verteilung von T-Zellen sowie die Häufigkeit von Th1-, Th17-Zellen und regulatorischen T-Zellen blieb hingegen unverändert. Im Gegensatz dazu reduzierte sich die Zahl der im Blut zirkulierenden Gr-1high und Gr-1low Monozyten in den Ccr6-/-Ldlr-/- Tieren deutlich. Weiter konnte gezeigt werden, dass über CCR6 in vitro die Adhäsion von Monozyten an inflammatorisch verändertem Endothel und in vivo die Adhäsion von Leukozyten an das Endothel der Karotiden vermittelt wird. Des Weiteren wurden in einem air pouch-Modell für akute Entzündungsreaktionen mittels CCR6 spezifisch Monozyten, aber keine TZellen rekrutiert. Summa summarum konnte die Bedeutung von CCR6 auf verschiedenen Ebenen der Pathogenese der Atherosklerose gezeigt werden: Während CCR6 für die Hypercholesterinämie assoziierte adaptive Immunantwort entbehrlich ist, reguliert es die Mobilisierung, Adhäsion und Rekrutierung von Monozyten und kontrolliert über diese Mechanismen die Akkumulation von Makrophagen und Genese atherosklerotischer Läsionen. CCR6 und sein Ligand CCL20 könnten somit vielversprechende Ziele neuer pharmakologischer Therapieansätze sein, um auch die Atherogenese im Menschen zu unterbinden. Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation wurden im Dezember 2013 im Journal Thrombosis and Haematostasis unter dem Titel “CCR6 selectively promotes monocyte mediated inflammation and atherogenesis in mice“ in geteilter Erstautorenschaft von Helga Manthey, Clément Cochain und Stefanie Barnsteiner veröffentlicht (PMID: 24114205). N2 - The chemokine receptor CCR6 is expressed by various cell subsets implicated in atherogenesis, such as monocytes, Th17 and regulatory T cells. In order to further define the role of CCR6 in atherosclerosis, CCR6-deficient (Ccr6-/-) mice were crossed with low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice to generate atherosclerosisprone mice deficient in CCR6. Compared to Ldlr-/- controls, atherosclerotic burden in the aortic sinus and aorta were reduced in Ccr6-/-Ldlr-/- mice fed a high fat diet, associated with a profound depression in lesional macrophage accumulation. Local and systemic distributions of T cells, including frequencies of Th1, Th17 and regulatory T cells were unaltered. In contrast, circulating counts of both Gr-1high and Gr-1low monocytes were reduced in Ccr6-/-Ldlr-/- mice. Moreover, CCR6 was revealed to promote monocyte adhesion to inflamed endothelium in vitro and leukocyte adhesion to carotid arteries in vivo. Finally, CCR6 selectively recruited monocytes but not T cells in an acute inflammatory air pouch model. We here show that CCR6 functions on multiple levels and regulates the mobilisation, adhesion and recruitment of monocytes/macrophages to the inflamed vessel, thereby promoting atherosclerosis, but is dispensable for hypercholesterolaemia-associated adaptive immune priming. Targeting CCR6 or its ligand CCL20 may therefore be a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate atherosclerosis. The results of this doctoral thesis have been published in December 2013 in Thrombosis and Haematostasis in equal contribution by Helga Manthey, Clément Cochain and Stefanie Barnsteiner (PMID: 24114205). KW - Atherosklerose KW - atherosclerosis KW - chemokines KW - Chemokine KW - CCR6 KW - Monozyten KW - Rekrutierung KW - monocyte KW - recruitment Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-179104 ER - TY - THES A1 - Klein, Oliver T1 - Regulation der Chemokinexpression in humanen zerebralen Endothelzellen T1 - regulation of chemokinexpression in human cerebral endothelial cells N2 - Humane zerebrale Endothelzellen sind in vitro in der Lage nach Stimulation mit proinflammatorischen Zytokinen Chemokine zu produzieren. Diese sind von Bedeutung in der Entwicklung von entzündlichen ZNS-Erkrankungen. So scheinen zerebrale Endothelzellen neben Astrozyten und Mikroglia als Produzenten dieser Schlüsselmoleküle zu fungieren. N2 - Human cerebral endothelial cells are able to produce chemokines after stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines. Chemokines have a pivotal role in inflammatory cns disorders. So cerebral endothelial cells seems to be another cell typ besides astrocytes and microglia, that synthesize these important molecules. KW - Blut-Hirn-Schranke KW - zerebrale Endothelzellen KW - Chemokine KW - blood-brain-barrier KW - cerebral endothelial cells KW - chemokines Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-11567 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kollikowski, Alexander M. A1 - Pham, Mirko A1 - März, Alexander G. A1 - Papp, Lena A1 - Nieswandt, Bernhard A1 - Stoll, Guido A1 - Schuhmann, Michael K. T1 - Platelet Activation and Chemokine Release Are Related to Local Neutrophil-Dominant Inflammation During Hyperacute Human Stroke JF - Translational Stroke Research N2 - Experimental evidence has emerged that local platelet activation contributes to inflammation and infarct formation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) which awaits confirmation in human studies. We conducted a prospective observational study on 258 consecutive patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) due to large-vessel-occlusion stroke of the anterior circulation (08/2018-05/2020). Intraprocedural microcatheter aspiration of 1 ml of local (occlusion condition) and systemic arterial blood samples (self-control) was performed according to a prespecified protocol. The samples were analyzed for differential leukocyte counts, platelet counts, and plasma levels of the platelet-derived neutrophil-activating chemokine C-X-C-motif ligand (CXCL) 4 (PF-4), the neutrophil attractant CXCL7 (NAP-2), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). The clinical-biological relevance of these variables was corroborated by specific associations with molecular-cellular, structural-radiological, hemodynamic, and clinical-functional parameters. Seventy consecutive patients fulfilling all predefined criteria entered analysis. Mean local CXCL4 (+ 39%: 571 vs 410 ng/ml, P = .0095) and CXCL7 (+ 9%: 693 vs 636 ng/ml, P = .013) concentrations were higher compared with self-controls. Local platelet counts were lower (- 10%: 347,582 vs 383,284/µl, P = .0052), whereas neutrophil counts were elevated (+ 10%: 6022 vs 5485/µl, P = 0.0027). Correlation analyses revealed associations between local platelet and neutrophil counts (r = 0.27, P = .034), and between CXCL7 and MPO (r = 0.24, P = .048). Local CXCL4 was associated with the angiographic degree of reperfusion following recanalization (r =  - 0.2523, P = .0479). Functional outcome at discharge correlated with local MPO concentrations (r = 0.3832, P = .0014) and platelet counts (r = 0.288, P = .0181). This study provides human evidence of cerebral platelet activation and platelet-neutrophil interactions during AIS and points to the relevance of per-ischemic thrombo-inflammatory mechanisms to impaired reperfusion and worse functional outcome following recanalization. KW - chemokines KW - CXCL4 KW - PF4 KW - CXCL7 KW - NAP-2 KW - ischemic stroke Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-270194 SN - 1868-601X VL - 13 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marischen, Lothar A1 - Englert, Anne A1 - Schmitt, Anna-Lena A1 - Einsele, Hermann A1 - Loeffler, Juergen T1 - Human NK cells adapt their immune response towards increasing multiplicities of infection of Aspergillus fumigatus JF - BMC Immunology N2 - Background: The saprophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus reproduces by generation of conidia, which are spread by airflow throughout nature. Since humans are inhaling certain amounts of spores every day, the (innate) immune system is constantly challenged. Even though macrophages and neutrophils carry the main burden, also NK cells are regarded to contribute to the antifungal immune response. While NK cells reveal a low frequency, expression and release of immunomodulatory molecules seem to be a natural way of their involvement. Results: In this study we show, that NK cells secrete chemokines such as CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β and CCL5/RANTES early on after stimulation with Aspergillus fumigatus and, in addition, adjust the concentration of chemokines released to the multiplicity of infection of Aspergillus fumigatus. Conclusions: These results further corroborate the relevance of NK cells within the antifungal immune response, which is regarded to be more and more important in the development and outcome of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Additionally, the correlation between the multiplicity of infection and the expression and release of chemokines shown here may be useful in further studies for the quantification and/or surveillance of the NK cell involvement in antifungal immune responses. KW - Aspergillus fumigatus KW - aspergillosis KW - NK cells KW - chemokines KW - CCL4 KW - multiplicity of infection KW - MIP-1β Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176331 VL - 19 IS - 39 ER - TY - THES A1 - Neumüller, Jutta T1 - Einfluss der Langzeittherapie mit dem Endocannabinoid-Rezeptorblocker Rimonabant auf Thrombozytenaktivierung und proinflammatorische Chemokine bei Diabetes T1 - Influence of long-term therapy with cannabinoid receptor-1 antagonist Rimonabant on thrombocytes and proinflammatoric chemokines in diabetes N2 - Die Volkskrankheit Adipositas zieht eine Reihe von kostenträchtigen Komplikationen mit sich wie z. B. Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Der Endocannabinoidblocker Rimonabant ist hierbei ein viel versprechendes Medikament, mit dem nicht nur die Adipositas an sich, sondern zusätzlich auch ihre weit reichenden Komplikationen im kardiovaskulären Bereich reduziert werden können. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit konnten an Hand 6 Monate alter diabetischer Ratten, welche für 10 Wochen mit Rimonabant behandelt wurden, aufgezeigt werden, dass Rimonabant auf verschiedenste Weise die Initialphase der Atherogenese positiv beeinflusst. Zum einen konnte die Anzahl der zirkulierenden Monozyten signifikant vermindert und auch die für die initiale Rekrutierung von Thrombozyten und Monozyten wichtigen Chemokine RANTES und MCP-1 reduziert werden. Zum anderen zeigten sich positive Effekte auf das Lipidprofil der Probanden. Ein besonderes Augenmerk lag auf dem Aktivitätszustand der Thrombozyten: Mit Rimonabant wurde sowohl die thrombozytäre Aktivierung minimiert als auch ein positiver Einfluss auf die Thrombozytenadhäsion und -aggregation bestätigt. Folglich reduziert Rimonabant das kardiovaskuläre Risiko, indem es die pro-inflammatorischen und pro-atherosklerotischen Kaskaden vermindert. N2 - 6 month old obese Zucker rats were fed with cannabinoid receptor-1 antagonist rimonabant for 10 weeks. We demonstrate positive modulation of circulating monocyte numbers, reduced platelet activation and lower RANTES and MCP-1 levels by Rimonbant in Zucker rats. This may potentially contribute to a reduction of cardiovascular risk. KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - Chemokine KW - RANTES KW - Thrombozyt KW - Fettsucht KW - Endocannabinoide KW - MCP-1 KW - Rimonabant KW - Rezeptorblocker KW - Atherosklerose KW - diabetes KW - rimonabant KW - platelets KW - chemokines Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-55045 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Projahn, Delia A1 - Simsekyilmaz, Sakine A1 - Singh, Smriti A1 - Kanzler, Isabella A1 - Kramp, Birgit K. A1 - Langer, Marcella A1 - Burlacu, Alexandrina A1 - Bernhagen, Jürgen A1 - Klee, Doris A1 - Zernecke, Alma A1 - Hackeng, Tilman M. A1 - Groll, Jürgen A1 - Weber, Christian A1 - Liehn, Elisa A. A1 - Koenen, Roy R. T1 - Controlled intramyocardial release of engineered chemokines by biodegradable hydrogels as a treatment approach of myocardial infarction JF - Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine N2 - Myocardial infarction (MI) induces a complex inflammatory immune response, followed by the remodelling of the heart muscle and scar formation. The rapid regeneration of the blood vessel network system by the attraction of hematopoietic stem cells is beneficial for heart function. Despite the important role of chemokines in these processes, their use in clinical practice has so far been limited by their limited availability over a long time-span in vivo. Here, a method is presented to increase physiological availability of chemokines at the site of injury over a defined time-span and simultaneously control their release using biodegradable hydrogels. Two different biodegradable hydrogels were implemented, a fast degradable hydrogel (FDH) for delivering Met-CCL5 over 24hrs and a slow degradable hydrogel (SDH) for a gradual release of protease-resistant CXCL12 (S4V) over 4weeks. We demonstrate that the time-controlled release using Met-CCL5-FDH and CXCL12 (S4V)-SDH suppressed initial neutrophil infiltration, promoted neovascularization and reduced apoptosis in the infarcted myocardium. Thus, we were able to significantly preserve the cardiac function after MI. This study demonstrates that time-controlled, biopolymer-mediated delivery of chemokines represents a novel and feasible strategy to support the endogenous reparatory mechanisms after MI and may compliment cell-based therapies. KW - chemokines KW - therapy KW - cardiovascular pharmacology KW - remodelling KW - endothelial progenitor cells KW - left-ventricular function KW - heart-failure KW - rat model KW - recruitment KW - factor-I Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-116597 SN - 1582-4934 VL - 18 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rau, Monika A1 - Schmitt, Johannes A1 - Berg, Thomas A1 - Kremer, Andreas E. A1 - Stieger, Bruno A1 - Spanaus, Katharina A1 - Bengsch, Bertram A1 - Romero, Marta R. A1 - Marin, Jose J. A1 - Keitel, Verena A1 - Klinker, Hartwig A1 - Tony, Hans-Peter A1 - Müllhaupt, Beat A1 - Geier, Andreas T1 - Serum IP-10 levels and increased DPPIV activity are linked to circulating CXCR3+ T cells in cholestatic HCV patients JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Background & aims Serum interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) is elevated in cholestatic liver diseases and predicts response to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 (DPPIV) cleaves active IP-10 into an inactive form, which inhibits recruitment of CXCR3+ T cells to the liver. In this study the link between IP-10 levels, DPPIV activity in serum and CXCR3+ T cells is analysed in cholestatic and non-cholestatic liver patients. Methods In serum DPPIV activity (by enzymatic assay), IP-10 (by ELISA) and bile acids (BA) (by enzymatic assay) were analysed in 229 naive HCV genotype (GT) 1 patients and in 16 patients with cholestatic liver disease. In a prospective follow-up (FU) cohort of 27 HCV GT 1 patients peripheral CD3+CXCR3+, CD4+CXCR3+ and CD8+CXCR3+ cells were measured by FACS. Results In 229 HCV patients serum IP-10 levels correlated positively to DPPIV serum activity. Higher IP-10 levels and DPPIV activity were detected in cholestatic and in cirrhotic HCV patients. Increased IP-10 serum levels were associated with therapeutic non-response to antiviral treatment with pegylated-interferon and ribavirin. In the HCV FU cohort elevated IP-10 serum levels and increased BA were associated with higher frequencies of peripheral CD3+CXCR3+, CD4+CXCR3+ and CD8+CXCR3+ T cells. Positive correlation between serum IP-10 levels and DPPIV activity was likewise validated in patients with cholestatic liver diseases. Conclusions A strong correlation between elevated serum levels of IP-10 and DPPIV activity was seen in different cholestatic patient groups. Furthermore, in cholestatic HCV patients a functional link to increased numbers of peripheral CXCR3+ immune cells could be observed. The source of DPPIV release in cholestatic patients remains open. KW - hepatitis C virus KW - T cells KW - liver diseases KW - chemokines KW - cytotoxic T cells KW - immune cells KW - cirrhosis KW - bile Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177674 VL - 13 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rittner, Heike L. A1 - Wang, Ying A1 - Gehringer, Rebekka A1 - Mousa, Shaaban A. A1 - Hackel, Dagmar A1 - Brack, Alexander T1 - CXCL10 Controls Inflammatory Pain via Opioid Peptide- Containing Macrophages in Electroacupuncture N2 - Acupuncture is widely used for pain treatment in patients with osteoarthritis or low back pain, but molecular mechanisms remain largely enigmatic. In the early phase of inflammation neutrophilic chemokines direct opioid-containing neutrophils in the inflamed tissue and stimulate opioid peptide release and antinociception. In this study the molecular pathway and neuroimmune connections in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced hind paw inflammation and electroacupuncture for peripheral pain control were analyzed. Free moving Wistar rats with hind paw inflammation were treated twice with electroacupuncture at GB30 (Huan Tiao - gall bladder meridian) (day 0 and 1) and analyzed for mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds. The cytokine profiles as well as the expression of opioid peptides were quantified in the inflamed paw. Electroacupuncture elicited long-term antinociception blocked by local injection of anti-opioid peptide antibodies (beta-endorphin, met-enkephalin, dynorphin A). The treatment altered the cytokine profile towards an anti-inflammatory pattern but augmented interferon (IFN)-gamma and the chemokine CXCL10 (IP-10: interferon gamma-inducible protein) protein and mRNA expression with concomitant increased numbers of opioid peptide-containing CXCR3+ macrophages. In rats with CFA hind paw inflammation without acupuncture repeated injection of CXCL10 triggered opioid-mediated antinociception and increase opioid-containing macrophages. Conversely, neutralization of CXCL10 time-dependently decreased electroacupuncture-induced antinociception and the number of infiltrating opioid peptide-expressing CXCR3+ macrophages. In summary, we describe a novel function of the chemokine CXCL10 - as a regulator for an increase of opioid-containing macrophages and antinociceptive mediator in inflammatory pain and as a key chemokine regulated by electroacupuncture. KW - opioids KW - inflammation KW - macrophages KW - cytokines KW - chemokines KW - enzyme-linkes immunoassays KW - acupuncture KW - analysis of variance Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-112979 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rittner, Heike Lydia A1 - Hackel, Dagmar A1 - Pflücke, Diana A1 - Neumann, Annick A1 - Viebahn, Johannes A1 - Mousa, Shaaban A1 - Wischmeyer, Erhard A1 - Roewer, Norbert A1 - Brack, Alexander T1 - The Connection of Monocytes and Reactive Oxygen Species in Pain JF - PLoS ONE N2 - The interplay of specific leukocyte subpopulations, resident cells and proalgesic mediators results in pain in inflammation. Proalgesic mediators like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downstream products elicit pain by stimulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. The contribution of leukocyte subpopulations however is less clear. Local injection of neutrophilic chemokines elicits neutrophil recruitment but no hyperalgesia in rats. In meta-analyses the monocytic chemoattractant, CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MCP-1), was identified as an important factor in the pathophysiology of human and animal pain. In this study, intraplantar injection of CCL2 elicited thermal and mechanical pain in Wistar but not in Dark Agouti (DA) rats, which lack p47phox, a part of the NADPH oxidase complex. Inflammatory hyperalgesia after complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) as well as capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia and capsaicin-induced current flow in dorsal root ganglion neurons in DA were comparable to Wistar rats. Macrophages from DA expressed lower levels of CCR2 and thereby migrated less towards CCL2 and formed limited amounts of ROS in vitro and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in the tissue in response to CCL2 compared to Wistar rats. Local adoptive transfer of peritoneal macrophages from Wistar but not from DA rats reconstituted CCL2-triggered hyperalgesia in leukocyte-depleted DA and Wistar rats. A pharmacological stimulator of ROS production (phytol) restored CCL2-induced hyperalgesia in vivo in DA rats. In Wistar rats, CCL2-induced hyperalgesia was completely blocked by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase or tempol. Likewise, inhibition of NADPH oxidase by apocynin reduced CCL2-elicited hyperalgesia but not CFA-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia. In summary, we provide a link between CCL2, CCR2 expression on macrophages, NADPH oxidase, ROS and the development CCL2-triggered hyperalgesia, which is different from CFA-induced hyperalgesia. The study further supports the impact of CCL2 and ROS as potential targets in pain therapy. KW - analysis of variance KW - chemokines KW - hyperalgesia KW - inflammation KW - macrophages KW - monocytes KW - white blood cells KW - wistar rats Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96669 ER - TY - THES A1 - Toksoy, Atiye T1 - Die Expression von Chemokinen bei entzündlichen Reaktionen der Haut T1 - The expression of chemokines in inflammatory skin diseases N2 - Für das Verständnis der Pathogenese entzündlicher Hauterkrankungen ist die Zusammensetzung des zellulären Entzündungsinfiltrates und die Verteilung der Entzündungszellen von wesentlicher Bedeutung. In Anbetracht der chemotaktischen Funktion der Chemokine liegt die Annahme nahe, dass das zelluläre Infiltrationsmuster in entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen das Expressionsmuster von Chemokinen und umgekehrt widerspiegelt. Die Infiltrationsroute der Leukozyten in die Haut erfolgt immer vom Lumen dermaler Gefäße in das dermale Milieu und ggf. weiter in das epidermale Kompartiment (sog. Epidermotropismus). Die Migration inflammatorischer Zellen über die Grenzen unterschiedlicher Hautkompartimente hinweg ist einzigartig und präsentiert ein ideales Modell, um die chemotaktischen Cytokin- bzw. Chemokinfunktionen zu evaluieren. Anhand verschiedener ausgewählter Hautdermatosen (Wundheilung, Psoriasis, Alopecia areata) wurden die unterschiedlichen Expressionsmuster einer Auswahl von Chemokinen untersucht. Dabei nehmen Chemokine, die von Endothelzellen exprimiert bzw. sezerniert werden, eine zentrale Rolle ein, da sie eine „Pförtnerfunktion“ ausführen. Diese Funktion ist entscheidend bei der Rekrutierung und Akkumulation der für das Erkrankungsbild und bei reparativen Vorgängen der Wundheilung spezifischen Leukozytensubpopulation ins dermale bzw. epidermale Gewebe N2 - The composition of the cellular inflammatory infiltrates and the distribution of inflammatory cells is essential for the understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. In view of the chemotactic function of chemokines we assume that the cellular infiltration pattern in inflammatory skin diseases reflects the expression patterns of chemokines and vice versa. The route of leukocyte infiltration into the skin is always directed from the lumen of dermal vessels in the dermal milieu and in some cases further into the epidermal compartment (so-called epidermotropism). The migration of inflammatory cells across the borders of different skin compartments is unique and represents an ideal model to evaluate the chemotactic function of cytokines or chemokines. In various representative dermatoses (wound healing, psoriasis, alopecia areata) we investigated the different expression patterns of selected chemokines. Chemokines, expressed or secreted by endothelial cells, play an important role because they exert a "gatekeeper function". This is crucial in the recruitment and accumulation pattern of the disease and repair processes of wound-specific leukocyte subpopulation, which invade the dermal and epidermal compartment. KW - Schuppenflechte KW - Wundheilung KW - Alopecia areata KW - Chemokine KW - CXCL12 KW - CXCR$ KW - psoriasis KW - wound healing KW - alopecia areata KW - chemokines Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-34692 ER -