TY - JOUR A1 - Enigk, Fabian A1 - Wagner, Antje A1 - Samapati, Rudi A1 - Rittner, Heike A1 - Brack, Alexander A1 - Mousa, Shaaban A. A1 - Schäfer, Michael A1 - Habazettl, Helmut A1 - Schäper, Jörn T1 - Thoracic epidural anesthesia decreases endotoxin-induced endothelial injury JF - BMC Anesthesiology N2 - Background: The sympathetic nervous system is considered to modulate the endotoxin-induced activation of immune cells. Here we investigate whether thoracic epidural anesthesia with its regional symapathetic blocking effect alters endotoxin-induced leukocyte-endothelium activation and interaction with subsequent endothelial injury. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized, cannulated and hemodynamically monitored. E. coli lipopolysaccharide (Serotype 0127: B8, 1.5 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1)) or isotonic saline (controls) was infused for 300 minutes. An epidural catheter was inserted for continuous application of lidocaine or normal saline in endotoxemic animals and saline in controls. After 300 minutes we measured catecholamine and cytokine plasma concentrations, adhesion molecule expression, leukocyte adhesion, and intestinal tissue edema. Results: In endotoxemic animals with epidural saline, LPS significantly increased the interleukin-1 beta plasma concentration (48%), the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules E-selectin (34%) and ICAM-1 (42%), and the number of adherent leukocytes (40%) with an increase in intestinal myeloperoxidase activity (26%) and tissue edema (75%) when compared to healthy controls. In endotoxemic animals with epidural infusion of lidocaine the values were similar to those in control animals, while epinephrine plasma concentration was 32% lower compared to endotoxemic animals with epidural saline. Conclusions: Thoracic epidural anesthesia attenuated the endotoxin-induced increase of IL-1 beta concentration, adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte-adhesion with subsequent endothelial injury. A potential mechanism is the reduction in the plasma concentration of epinephrine. KW - endotoxemia KW - myeloperoxidase KW - endothelial injury KW - adhesion molecules KW - inflammatory response KW - intestinal microvascular perfusion KW - cell-adhesion KW - induced impairment KW - reperfusion injury KW - sepsis KW - neutrophil KW - lidocaine KW - lung injury KW - cytokines KW - epidural anesthesia Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-116787 VL - 14 IS - 23 ER - TY - THES A1 - Schäfer, Michael T1 - Das Würzburger Landgericht in der ersten Hälfte des 14. Jahrhunderts und seine ältesten Protokolle : Edition und Auswertung T1 - The "Iudicium Provinciale" of Würzburg in the first half of the 14th century and its Minutes. Edition and Evaluation N2 - Diese mediävistische Promotion beinhaltet drei große Themenbereiche. Der erste besteht aus einer Edition der frühesten maßgeblichen Quellen zum Landgericht (Iudicium provinciale) des Hochstifts Würzburg: die abschriftlich vorhandenen Gemeinurteile aus der Frühzeit, das anschließende erste Originalprotokoll und der folgende, zweite Band der Gerichtsmitschriften. Insgesamt werden so ca. die ersten vierzig Jahre des 14. Jh. abgedeckt. Die zu den frühesten ihrer Art gehörenden Notizen liefern aufschlussreiche Informationen nicht nur über Rechtsorganisation und Prozessrecht des Spätmittelalters, sondern vertiefen auch die Möglichkeiten zur sozial- und landesgeschichtlichen Analyse. Dies wird im begleitenden Interpretationsteil angegangen und ein systematischer Querschnitt durch die wichtigsten Aspekte des Landgerichts geboten. Dabei können etliche der bisherigen Fehldeutungen durch die materialgestütze Auswertung korrigiert werden. Hinzu kommt ein methodischer Teil, der die Möglichkeiten statistischer Methoden und Analysen für die Geschichtswissenschaft überprüft. Zur besseren Bearbeitung immensen Materialfülle dieser Protokolle wurde der älteste Band zudem als Datenbank konzipiert. N2 - This mediaevistic graduation constists of three parts. First there is an edition of the earliest and most relevant sources to the regional court (Landgericht, Iudicium provinciale) of the Würzburg diocese: the as a copy existing common judgements (Gemeinurteile) from the earliest times, furthermore the first original minutes and the following, second volume of the court with its remarks. Altogether these texts cover approx. the first forty years of the fourteenth century. The notes are among the earliest of their kind and the given informations show not only the organization of right and justice, or details of the procedural law in the late middle ages, but also the shows considerable ways to answer questions of social history and details of territorial history. This is concerned in the accompanying interpretation part and the systematic investigation of the most important aspects of the regional court. Some of past misinterpretations are to be corrected by the evaluation according to the edited sources. In addition comes a methodical part, which examines the chances of statistic methods and analyses for the science of history. For better treatment of these minutes the earliest volumes are summarized in a database solution. KW - Würzburg KW - Landgericht KW - Gerichtsbuch KW - Geschichte 1317-1334 KW - Würzburg KW - Landgericht KW - Recht KW - Geschichte KW - Quelle KW - Würzburg KW - court KW - iurisdiction KW - history KW - sources Y1 - 2002 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-7443 ER -