TY - JOUR A1 - Wagenbrenner, Mike A1 - Heinz, Tizian A1 - Horas, Konstantin A1 - Jakuscheit, Axel A1 - Arnholdt, Jörg A1 - Hermann, Marietta A1 - Rudert, Maximilian A1 - Holzapfel, Boris M. A1 - Steinert, Andre F. A1 - Weißenberger, Manuel T1 - The human arthritic hip joint is a source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with extensive multipotent differentiation potential JF - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders N2 - Background While multiple in vitro studies examined mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow or hyaline cartilage, there is little to no data about the presence of MSCs in the joint capsule or the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of the hip joint. Therefore, this in vitro study examined the presence and differentiation potential of MSCs isolated from the bone marrow, arthritic hyaline cartilage, the LCF and full-thickness samples of the anterior joint capsule of the hip joint. Methods MSCs were isolated and multiplied in adherent monolayer cell cultures. Osteogenesis and adipogenesis were induced in monolayer cell cultures for 21 days using a differentiation medium containing specific growth factors, while chondrogenesis in the presence of TGF-ss1 was performed using pellet-culture for 27 days. Control cultures were maintained for comparison over the same duration of time. The differentiation process was analyzed using histological and immunohistochemical stainings as well as semiquantitative RT-PCR for measuring the mean expression levels of tissue-specific genes. Results This in vitro research showed that the isolated cells from all four donor tissues grew plastic-adherent and showed similar adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity as proven by the histological detection of lipid droplets or deposits of extracellular calcium and collagen type I. After 27 days of chondrogenesis proteoglycans accumulated in the differentiated MSC-pellets from all donor tissues. Immunohistochemical staining revealed vast amounts of collagen type II in all differentiated MSC-pellets, except for those from the LCF. Interestingly, all differentiated MSCs still showed a clear increase in mean expression of adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic marker genes. In addition, the examination of an exemplary selected donor sample revealed that cells from all four donor tissues were clearly positive for the surface markers CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 by flow cytometric analysis. Conclusions This study proved the presence of MSC-like cells in all four examined donor tissues of the hip joint. No significant differences were observed during osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation depending on the source of MSCs used. Further research is necessary to fully determine the tripotent differentiation potential of cells isolated from the LCF and capsule tissue of the hip joint. KW - Hip joint KW - Osteoarthritis KW - MSCs KW - Cartilage regeneration KW - Tissue engineering KW - Ligamentum capitis femoris KW - Joint capsule KW - Bone marrow Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229497 VL - 21 IS - 1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Schupp, Kathrin T1 - In vitro Herstellung eines vorderen Kreuzbandkonstruktes aus mesenchymalen Stammzellen und einem Kollagen Typ I-Hydrogel T1 - Anterior cruciate ligament constructs fabricated from human mesenchymal stem cells in a collagen type I hydrogel in vitro N2 - Verletzungen des vorderen Kreuzbandes gehören zu häufigsten Verletzungen des menschlichen Bandapparates. Da das vordere Kreuzband über ein schlechtes intrinsisches Heilungspotenzial verfügt, ist heutzutage die chirurgische Rekonstruktion mittels Sehnentransplantaten die Therapie der Wahl. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigte sich mit der Fragestellung, ob es möglich ist, ein Kreuzband-Konstrukt aus mesenchymalen Stammzellen (MSCs) und einem Kollagen Typ I-Hydrogel herzustellen und wie die Einwirkung von mechanischem Stress die Struktur und Eigenschaften eines solchen Bandäquivalentes verändert. Dafür wurden MSCs und endständige Knochenblöcke in ein Kollagen Typ I-Hydrogel eingebracht. Das Konstrukt wurde zunächst eine Woche horizontal kultiviert, um den Zellen eine Umwandlung des Gels und eine Anheftung der Knochenblöcke zu ermöglichen. Anschließend wurde über 2 Wochen eine zyklische Dehnung in einem speziell dafür entworfenen Bioreaktur auf das Konstrukt ausgeübt. Histochemische ( HE, Masson-Goldner, Azan, Sirius-Red) und immunhistochemische (Kollagen I und III, Fibronektin, Vimentin und Elastin) Färbungen zeigten eine Induktion der Matrixproduktion mit wellenförmig in Achse des Zuges ausgerichteten Kollagenfasern, die Zellkerne stellten sich elongiert dar. RT-PCR-Analysen zeigten ebenso eine deutlich vermehrte Expression der oben genannten Fibroblastenmarker. Bei ungedehnten, horizontal kultivierten Kontrollkonstrukten waren keinerlei Veränderungen der Matrix zu erkennen. Das Konstrukt war jedoch nicht stabil genug, um für die klinische Anwendung zum Einsatz zu kommen. N2 - Disruptions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint are common and are currently treated using ligament or tendon grafts. In this study we tested the hypothesis that it is possible to fabricate an ACL construct in vitro using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in combination with an optimized collagen type I hydrogel. ACL constucts were molded using a collagen type I hydrogel containing 5x 105 MSCs/mL and bone cylinders at each end of the constructs. The constructs were kept in a horizontal position for one week to allow the cells and the gel to remodel and attach to the bone cylinders. Thereafter, cyclic stretching with 1 Hz was performed for two weeks in a specially designed bioreactor. Histochemical analysis for H&E, Masson-Goldner, Sirius-Red and Azan and immunhistochemical analysis for collagen types I and III, fibronectin, vimentin and elastin showed elongated fibroblast-like cells embedded in a wavy orientated collagenous tissue, together with a ligament-like extracellular matrix in the cyclic stretched constructs. No orientation of collagen fibers and cells and no formation of a ligament-like matrix could be seen in the non-stretched control group cultured in a horizontal position without tension for 3 weeks. RT-PCR analysis revealed an increased gene expression of collagen types I and III, fibronectin and elastin in the stretched constructs compared with the non-stretched controls. In conclusion, ACL-like constructs from a collagen type I hydrogen and MSCs have been fabricated. As shown by other investigators, who analysed the influence of cyclic stretching on the differentiation of MSCs, our results indicate a ligament-specific increased protein and gene expression and the formation of a ligament-like extracelluar matrix. But the fabricated constructs are still too weak for animal experiments or clinical application. KW - Tissue engineering KW - Kreuzband KW - mesenchymale Stammzellen KW - Tissue engineering KW - ACL KW - mesenchymal stem cells Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-21620 ER -