TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mages, Michelle
A1  - Shojaa, Mahdieh
A1  - Kohl, Matthias
A1  - Stengel, Simon von
A1  - Becker, Clemens
A1  - Gosch, Markus
A1  - Jakob, Franz
A1  - Kerschan-Schindl, Katharina
A1  - Kladny, Bernd
A1  - Klöckner, Nicole
A1  - Lange, Uwe
A1  - Middeldorf, Stefan
A1  - Peters, Stefan
A1  - Schoene, Daniel
A1  - Sieber, Cornel C.
A1  - Tholen, Reina
A1  - Thomasius, Friederike E.
A1  - Uder, Michael
A1  - Kemmler, Wolfgang
T1  - Exercise effects on Bone Mineral Density in men
JF  - Nutrients
N2  - In contrast to postmenopausal women, evidence for a favorable effect of exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is still limited for men. This might be due to the paucity of studies, but also to the great variety of participants and study characteristics that may dilute study results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise on BMD changes with rational eligibility criteria. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases up to 15 March 2021 was conducted. Briefly, controlled trials ≥6 months that determined changes in areal BMD in men >18 years old, with no apparent diseases or pharmacological therapy that relevantly affect bone metabolism, were included. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) were considered as outcomes. Twelve studies with 16 exercise and 12 control groups were identified. The pooled estimate of random-effect analysis was SMD = 0.38, 95%-CI: 0.14–0.61 and SMD = 0.25, 95%-CI: 0.00–0.49, for LS and FN, respectively. Heterogeneity between the trials was low–moderate. Funnel plots and rank and regression correlation tests indicate evidence for small study publication bias for LS but not FN-BMD. Subgroup analyses that focus on study length, type of exercise and methodologic quality revealed no significant difference between each of the three categories. In summary, we provided further evidence for a low but significant effect of exercise on BMD in men. However, we are currently unable to give even rough exercise recommendations for male cohorts.
KW  - Bone Mineral Density
KW  - exercise
KW  - men
KW  - overview
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250247
SN  - 2072-6643
VL  - 13
IS  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hennighausen, Christine
A1  - Hudders, Liselot
A1  - Lange, Benjamin P.
A1  - Fink, Hanna
T1  - What If the Rival Drives a Porsche? Luxury Car Spending as a Costly Signal in Male Intrasexual Competition
JF  - Evolutionary Psychology
N2  - Previous research found that men conspicuously consume luxury products to attract a mate and to signal their mate value. However, these studies have yet neglected to investigate the function of male conspicuous consumption in same-sex competition. Given that intersexual selection and intrasexual selection are closely related processes, it stands to reason that a further function of male conspicuous consumption could be to impress and deter same-sex rivals. An 2 (intrasexual competition context vs. control) × 2 (conspicuous luxury vs. inconspicuous nonluxury) between-subjects experimental study conducted with an Amazon Mechanical Turk sample (N = 160) revealed that men reported both higher liking of and an intent to purchase a conspicuous luxury car compared to an inconspicuous nonluxury car due to increased feelings of social status. This effect was stronger in the intrasexual competition than in the control context. An additional perception study using a single-factor between-subjects design (conspicuous luxury vs. inconspicuous nonluxury car) among German men (N = 405) indicated that male participants rated a man who displayed a conspicuous luxury car more as a rival and mate poacher and less as a friend. They further perceived him to be superior on various mate value characteristics (i.e., attractiveness, intelligence, ambition, and status) and rated him as more oriented toward short-term mating. In sum, our findings add to previous research in the field of evolutionary consumer psychology by suggesting that male conspicuous consumption of luxuries may also serve a function in male–male competition.
KW  - costly
KW  - dual function
KW  - intrasexual competition
KW  - men
KW  - luxury brands
KW  - conspicuous consumption
KW  - signaling
KW  - evolutionary consumer psychology
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-163481
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
ER  -