TY - JOUR A1 - Postema, Merel C. A1 - Hoogman, Martine A1 - Ambrosino, Sara A1 - Asherson, Philip A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Bandeira, Cibele E. A1 - Baranov, Alexandr A1 - Bau, Claiton H.D. A1 - Baumeister, Sarah A1 - Baur‐Streubel, Ramona A1 - Bellgrove, Mark A. A1 - Biederman, Joseph A1 - Bralten, Janita A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Brem, Silvia A1 - Buitelaar, Jan K. A1 - Busatto, Geraldo F. A1 - Castellanos, Francisco X. A1 - Cercignani, Mara A1 - Chaim‐Avancini, Tiffany M. A1 - Chantiluke, Kaylita C. A1 - Christakou, Anastasia A1 - Coghill, David A1 - Conzelmann, Annette A1 - Cubillo, Ana I. A1 - Cupertino, Renata B. A1 - de Zeeuw, Patrick A1 - Doyle, Alysa E. A1 - Durston, Sarah A1 - Earl, Eric A. A1 - Epstein, Jeffery N. A1 - Ethofer, Thomas A1 - Fair, Damien A. A1 - Fallgatter, Andreas J. A1 - Faraone, Stephen V. A1 - Frodl, Thomas A1 - Gabel, Matt C. A1 - Gogberashvili, Tinatin A1 - Grevet, Eugenio H. A1 - Haavik, Jan A1 - Harrison, Neil A. A1 - Hartman, Catharina A. A1 - Heslenfeld, Dirk J. A1 - Hoekstra, Pieter J. A1 - Hohmann, Sarah A1 - Høvik, Marie F. A1 - Jernigan, Terry L. A1 - Kardatzki, Bernd A1 - Karkashadze, Georgii A1 - Kelly, Clare A1 - Kohls, Gregor A1 - Konrad, Kerstin A1 - Kuntsi, Jonna A1 - Lazaro, Luisa A1 - Lera‐Miguel, Sara A1 - Lesch, Klaus‐Peter A1 - Louza, Mario R. A1 - Lundervold, Astri J. A1 - Malpas, Charles B A1 - Mattos, Paulo A1 - McCarthy, Hazel A1 - Namazova‐Baranova, Leyla A1 - Nicolau, Rosa A1 - Nigg, Joel T. A1 - Novotny, Stephanie E. A1 - Oberwelland Weiss, Eileen A1 - O'Gorman Tuura, Ruth L. A1 - Oosterlaan, Jaap A1 - Oranje, Bob A1 - Paloyelis, Yannis A1 - Pauli, Paul A1 - Picon, Felipe A. A1 - Plessen, Kerstin J. A1 - Ramos‐Quiroga, J. Antoni A1 - Reif, Andreas A1 - Reneman, Liesbeth A1 - Rosa, Pedro G.P. A1 - Rubia, Katya A1 - Schrantee, Anouk A1 - Schweren, Lizanne J.S. A1 - Seitz, Jochen A1 - Shaw, Philip A1 - Silk, Tim J. A1 - Skokauskas, Norbert A1 - Soliva Vila, Juan C. A1 - Stevens, Michael C. A1 - Sudre, Gustavo A1 - Tamm, Leanne A1 - Tovar‐Moll, Fernanda A1 - van Erp, Theo G.M. A1 - Vance, Alasdair A1 - Vilarroya, Oscar A1 - Vives‐Gilabert, Yolanda A1 - von Polier, Georg G. A1 - Walitza, Susanne A1 - Yoncheva, Yuliya N. A1 - Zanetti, Marcus V. A1 - Ziegler, Georg C. A1 - Glahn, David C. A1 - Jahanshad, Neda A1 - Medland, Sarah E. A1 - Thompson, Paul M. A1 - Fisher, Simon E. A1 - Franke, Barbara A1 - Francks, Clyde T1 - Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets JF - Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry N2 - Objective Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left‐right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. Methods We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. Results There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen’s d from −0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study‐wide correction for multiple testing. Conclusion Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait. KW - attention‐deficit KW - hyperactivity disorder KW - brain asymmetry KW - brain laterality KW - structural MRI KW - large‐scale data Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-239968 VL - 62 IS - 10 SP - 1202 EP - 1219 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grossheinrich, Nicola A1 - Firk, Christine A1 - Schulte-Rüther, Martin A1 - von Leupoldt, Andreas A1 - Konrad, Kerstin A1 - Huestegge, Lynn T1 - Looking while unhappy: a mood-congruent attention bias toward sad adult faces in children JF - Frontiers in Psychology N2 - A negative mood-congruent attention bias has been consistently observed, for example, in clinical studies on major depression. This bias is assumed to be dysfunctional in that it supports maintaining a sad mood, whereas a potentially adaptive role has largely been neglected. Previous experiments involving sad mood induction techniques found a negative mood-congruent attention bias specifically for young individuals, explained by an adaptive need for information transfer in the service of mood regulation. In the present study we investigated the attentional bias in typically developing children (aged 6–12 years) when happy and sad moods were induced. Crucially, we manipulated the age (adult vs. child) of the displayed pairs of facial expressions depicting sadness, anger, fear and happiness. The results indicate that sad children indeed exhibited a mood specific attention bias toward sad facial expressions. Additionally, this bias was more pronounced for adult faces. Results are discussed in the context of an information gain which should be stronger when looking at adult faces due to their more expansive life experience. These findings bear implications for both research methods and future interventions. KW - eye tracking KW - emotion regulation KW - mood induction KW - attention bias KW - major depression KW - adaptive role Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177688 VL - 9 IS - 2577 ER -