TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dischinger, Ulrich
A1  - Hasinger, Julia
A1  - Königsrainer, Malina
A1  - Corteville, Carolin
A1  - Otto, Christoph
A1  - Fassnacht, Martin
A1  - Hankir, Mohamed
A1  - Seyfried, Florian Johannes David
T1  - Toward a Medical Gastric Bypass: Chronic Feeding Studies With Liraglutide + PYY\(_{3-36}\) Combination Therapy in Diet-Induced Obese Rats
JF  - Frontiers in Endocrinology
N2  - Background
Combination therapies of anorectic gut hormones partially mimic the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. Thus far, the effects of a combined chronic systemic administration of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine 3-36 (PYY\(_{3-36}\)) have not been directly compared to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in a standardized experimental setting.


Methods
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese male Wistar rats were randomized into six treatment groups: (1) RYGB, (2) sham-operation (shams), (3) liraglutide, (4) PYY\(_{3-36}\), (5) PYY\(_{3-36}\)+liraglutide (6), saline. Animals were kept on a free choice high- and low-fat diet. Food intake, preference, and body weight were measured daily for 4 weeks. Open field (OP) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were performed.


Results
RYGB reduced food intake and achieved sustained weight loss. Combined PYY\(_{3-36}\)+liraglutide treatment led to similar and plateaued weight loss compared to RYGB. Combined PYY\(_{3-36}\)+liraglutide treatment was superior to PYY\(_{3-36}\) (p ≤ 0.0001) and liraglutide (p ≤ 0.05 or p ≤ 0.01) mono-therapy. PYY\(_{3-36}\)+liraglutide treatment and RYGB also reduced overall food intake and (less pronounced) high-fat preference compared to controls. The animals showed no signs of abnormal behavior in OF or EPM.


Conclusions
Liraglutide and PYY\(_{3-36}\) combination therapy vastly mimics reduced food intake, food choice and weight reducing benefits of RYGB.
KW  - obesity
KW  - rygb
KW  - liraglutide
KW  - peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)
KW  - treatment
KW  - gastric bypass
KW  - peptide tyrosine tyrosine 3-36 (PYY3-36)
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223113
SN  - 1664-2392
VL  - 11
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lorini, Luigi
A1  - Bescós Atín, Coro
A1  - Thavaraj, Selvam
A1  - Müller-Richter, Urs
A1  - Alberola Ferranti, Margarita
A1  - Pamias Romero, Jorge
A1  - Sáez Barba, Manel
A1  - de Pablo García-Cuenca, Alba
A1  - Braña García, Irene
A1  - Bossi, Paolo
A1  - Nuciforo, Paolo
A1  - Simonetti, Sara
T1  - Overview of oral potentially malignant disorders: from risk factors to specific therapies
JF  - Cancers
N2  - Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a very aggressive cancer, representing one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) regroup a variegate set of different histological lesions, characterized by the potential capacity to transform in OSCC. Most of the risk factors associated with OSCC are present also in OPMDs' development; however, the molecular mechanisms and steps of malignant transformation are still unknown. Treatment of OSCC, including surgery, systemic therapy and radiotherapy (alone or in combination), has suffered a dramatic change in last years, especially with the introduction of immunotherapy. However, most cases are diagnosed during the advanced stage of the disease, decreasing drastically the survival rate of the patients. Hence, early diagnosis of premalignant conditions (OPMDs) is a priority in oral cancer, as well as a massive education about risk factors, the understanding of mechanisms involved in malignant progression and the development of specific and more efficient therapies. The aim of this article is to review epidemiological, clinical, morphological and molecular features of OPMDs, with the purpose to lay the foundation for an exhaustive comprehension of these lesions and their ability of malignant transformation and for the development of more effective and personalized treatments.
KW  - oral potentially malignant disorders
KW  - risk factors and etiology
KW  - morphological features
KW  - molecular alterations
KW  - treatment
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242779
SN  - 2072-6694
VL  - 13
IS  - 15
ER  -