TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wild, J. M.
A1  - Marshall, H.
A1  - Bock, M.
A1  - Schad, L. R.
A1  - Jakob, P. M.
A1  - Puderbach, M.
A1  - Molinari, F.
A1  - Van Beek, E. J. R.
A1  - Biederer, J.
T1  - MRI of the lung (1/3): methods
JF  - Insights into Imaging
N2  - Proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently emerged as a clinical tool to image the lungs. This paper outlines the current technical aspects of MRI pulse sequences, radiofrequency (RF) coils and MRI system requirements needed for imaging the pulmonary parenchyma and vasculature. Lung MRI techniques are presented as a “technical toolkit”, from which MR protocols will be composed in the subsequent papers for comprehensive imaging of lung disease and function (parts 2 and 3). This paper is pitched at MR scientists, technicians and radiologists who are interested in understanding and establishing lung MRI methods. Images from a 1.5 T scanner are used for illustration of the sequences and methods that are highlighted.

Main Messages

• Outline of the hardware and pulse sequence requirements for proton lung MRI
• Overview of pulse sequences for lung parenchyma, vascular and functional imaging with protons
• Demonstration of the pulse-sequence building blocks for clinical lung MRI protocols
KW  - MRI
KW  - lung
KW  - proton
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-124238
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gram, Maximilian
A1  - Albertova, P.
A1  - Schirmer, V.
A1  - Blaimer, M.
A1  - Gamer, M.
A1  - Herrmann, M. J.
A1  - Nordbeck, P.
A1  - Jakob, P. M.
T1  - Towards robust in vivo quantification of oscillating biomagnetic fields using Rotary Excitation based MRI
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Spin-lock based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has the potential for direct spatially-resolved detection of neuronal activity and thus may represent an important step for basic research in neuroscience. In this work, the corresponding fundamental effect of Rotary EXcitation (REX) is investigated both in simulations as well as in phantom and in vivo experiments. An empirical law for predicting optimal spin-lock pulse durations for maximum magnetic field sensitivity was found. Experimental conditions were established that allow robust detection of ultra-weak magnetic field oscillations with simultaneous compensation of static field inhomogeneities. Furthermore, this work presents a novel concept for the emulation of brain activity utilizing the built-in MRI gradient system, which allows REX sequences to be validated in vivo under controlled and reproducible conditions. Via transmission of Rotary EXcitation (tREX), we successfully detected magnetic field oscillations in the lower nano-Tesla range in brain tissue. Moreover, tREX paves the way for the quantification of biomagnetic fields.
KW  - functional magnetic resonance imaging
KW  - Rotary EXcitation (REX)
KW  - oscillating biomagnetic fields
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-300862
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
ER  -