TY - JOUR A1 - Michel, Eva A1 - Söll, Lena A1 - Molitor, Sabine T1 - Die Rolle elternbeurteilter exekutiver Funktionen zur Schulleistungsprognose JF - Lernen und Lernstörungen N2 - Einleitung: Unter dem Begriff exekutive Funktionen (EF) werden häufig die Komponenten Inhibition, kognitive Flexibilität und Aktualisierung von Arbeitsgedächtnisrepräsentationen subsumiert. EF sind bereichsübergreifende Prädiktoren schulischer Leistungen. Verschiedene Operationalisierungen derselben Komponente, z.B. Performanztests und Elterneinschätzungen, zeigen häufig nur geringe Interkorrelationen. Die Methoden scheinen unterschiedliche Aspekte einer Komponente zu erfassen, daher könnte eine Kombination zur Vorhersage schulischer Leistungen sinnvoll sein. Methode: N = 96 Erst- und Zweitklässler_innen mit und ohne Entwicklungsauffälligkeiten wurden mittels EF-Performanztests und Schulleistungstests zu Mathematik und Lesen untersucht. Per Fragebogen wurden elternbeurteilte EF und als Kontrollvariablen der sozioökonomische Status (SÖS) und das Vorliegen von Merkmalen einer Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) erfasst. Ergebnisse: Elternbeurteilungen hatten über die Performanztests hinaus einen bedeutsamen Vorhersagewert für die Mathematik- und Leseleistung. Der Einfluss von Alter, SÖS und ADHS-Merkmalen wurde kontrolliert. Diskussion: Die kombinierte Anwendung beider Erfassungsmethoden scheint somit vorteilhaft für die Prognose schulischer Leistungen und die Prävention von Schulleistungsproblemen. N2 - Introduction: The term „executive functions“ (EF) often embraces inhibition, cognitive flexibility and working memory updating. EF are domain-general predictors of scholastic performance. Different operationalisations of the same component, e.g., individual tests and parent ratings, often show weak interrelations. This indicates that different methods measure different aspects of an EF component. A combination of operationalisation methods might thus enhance the prediction of school performance. Method: N = 96 1st and 2nd graders with typical/atypical development were tested with individual EF tests, as well as mathematics and reading tests. Parent-rated EF, socio-economic status (SES) and ADHD symptoms (as control variables) were assessed with a questionnaire. Results: Parent ratings improve the prediction of mathematics and reading performance over and above individual tests. Age, SES and ADHD symptoms were controlled. Discussion: Combining both EF operationalisations provides benefits for prognosis and prevention of scholastic achievement problems. T2 - The Role of Parent-Rated Executive Functions as Predictors of School Performance KW - Exekutive Funktionen KW - Prädiktoren von Schulleistungen KW - ADHS KW - Mathematik KW - Lesen KW - Executive functions KW - predictors of scholastic performance KW - ADHD KW - mathematics KW - reading Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231575 SN - 2235-0977 SN - 2235-0985 VL - 11 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kalousek, Martin A1 - Mitra, Sourav A1 - Schlömerkemper, Anja T1 - Existence of weak solutions of diffuse interface models for magnetic fluids JF - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - In this article we collect some recent results on the global existence of weak solutions for diffuse interface models involving incompressible magnetic fluids. We consider both the cases of matched and unmatched specific densities. For the model involving fluids with identical densities we consider the free energy density to be a double well potential whereas for the unmatched density case it is crucial to work with a singular free energy density. KW - mathematics KW - magnetic fluids KW - diffuse interface models Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-257642 VL - 21 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schönlein, Michael T1 - Ensemble reachability of homogenous parameter‐depedent systems JF - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - In this paper we consider the class (θA, B) of parameter-dependent linear systems given by matrices A ∈ ℂ\(^{nxn}\) and B ∈ ℂ\(^{nxm}\). This class is of interest for several applications and the frequently met task for such systems is to steer the origin toward a given target family f(θ) by using an input that is independent from the parameter. This paper provides a collection of necessary and sufficient conditions for ensemble reachability for these systems. KW - ensemble reachability KW - homogenous parameter-depedent systems KW - mathematics Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-257637 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ludwig, K. U. A1 - Sämann, P. A1 - Alexander, M. A1 - Becker, J. A1 - Bruder, J. A1 - Moll, K. A1 - Spieler, D. A1 - Czisch, M. A1 - Warnke, A. A1 - Docherty, S. J. A1 - Davis, O. S. P. A1 - Plomin, R. A1 - Nöthen, M. M. A1 - Landerl, K. A1 - Müller-Myhsok, B. A1 - Hoffmann, P. A1 - Schumacher, J. A1 - Schulte-Körne, G. A1 - Czamara, D. T1 - A common variant in Myosin-18B contributes to mathematical abilities in children with dyslexia and intraparietal sulcus variability in adults JF - Translational Psychiatry N2 - The ability to perform mathematical tasks is required in everyday life. Although heritability estimates suggest a genetic contribution, no previous study has conclusively identified a genetic risk variant for mathematical performance. Research has shown that the prevalence of mathematical disabilities is increased in children with dyslexia. We therefore correlated genome-wide data of 200 German children with spelling disability, with available quantitative data on mathematic ability. Replication of the top findings in additional dyslexia samples revealed that rs133885 was a genome-wide significant marker for mathematical abilities\((P_{comb}=7.71 x 10^{-10}, n=699)\), with an effect size of 4.87%. This association was also found in a sample from the general population (P=0.048, n=1080), albeit with a lower effect size. The identified variant encodes an amino-acid substitution in MYO18B, a protein with as yet unknown functions in the brain. As areas of the parietal cortex, in particular the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), are involved in numerical processing in humans, we investigated whether rs133885 was associated with IPS morphology using structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 79 neuropsychiatrically healthy adults. Carriers of the MYO18B risk-genotype displayed a significantly lower depth of the right IPS. This validates the identified association between rs133885 and mathematical disability at the level of a specific intermediate phenotype. KW - disability KW - sulcal morphology KW - prelevance KW - identification KW - brain KW - cancer KW - association KW - developmental dyscalculia KW - tumor-suppressor gene KW - correlate KW - disorders KW - dyscalculia KW - dyslexia KW - genomic imaging KW - mathematics KW - quantitative trait Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131513 N1 - Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on the Translational Psychiatry website (http://www.nature.com/tp). VL - 3 IS - e229 ER -