TY - JOUR A1 - Rapa, Shara Francesca A1 - Di Iorio, Biagio Raffaele A1 - Campiglia, Pietro A1 - Heidland, August A1 - Marzocco, Stefania T1 - Inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease — Potential therapeutic role of minerals, vitamins and plant-derived metabolites JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences N2 - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating pathology with various causal factors, culminating in end stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation. The progression of CKD is closely associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which are responsible for the manifestation of numerous complications such as malnutrition, atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcification, heart failure, anemia and mineral and bone disorders, as well as enhanced cardiovascular mortality. In addition to conventional therapy with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agents, growing evidence has indicated that certain minerals, vitamins and plant-derived metabolites exhibit beneficial effects in these disturbances. In the current work, we review the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of various agents which could be of potential benefit in CKD/ESRD. However, the related studies were limited due to small sample sizes and short-term follow-up in many trials. Therefore, studies of several anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents with long-term follow-ups are necessary. KW - chronic kidney disease (CKD) KW - inflammation KW - oxidative stress KW - uremic toxins KW - minerals KW - vitamins KW - plant-derived metabolites Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-284998 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 21 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dresen, Ellen A1 - Pimiento, Jose M. A1 - Patel, Jayshil J. A1 - Heyland, Daren K. A1 - Rice, Todd W. A1 - Stoppe, Christian T1 - Overview of oxidative stress and the role of micronutrients in critical illness JF - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition N2 - Inflammation and oxidative stress represent physiological response mechanisms to different types of stimuli and injury during critical illness. Its proper regulation is fundamental to cellular and organismal survival and are paramount to outcomes and recovery from critical illness. A proper maintenance of the delicate balance between inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune response is crucial for resolution from critical illness with important implications for patient outcome. The extent of inflammation and oxidative stress under normal conditions is limited by the antioxidant defense system of the human body, whereas the antioxidant capacity is commonly significantly compromised, and serum levels of micronutrients and vitamins significantly depleted in patients who are critically ill. Hence, the provision of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients may help to reduce the extent of oxidative stress and therefore improve clinical outcomes in patients who are critically ill. As existing evidence of the beneficial effects of antioxidant supplementation in patients who are critically ill is still unclear, actual findings about the most promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidative candidates selenium, vitamin C, zinc, and vitamin D will be discussed in this narrative review. The existing evidence provided so far demonstrates that several factors need to be considered to determine the efficacy of an antioxidant supplementation strategy in patients who are critically ill and indicates the need for adequately designed multicenter prospective randomized control trials to evaluate the clinical significance of different types and doses of micronutrients and vitamins in selected groups of patients with different types of critical illness. KW - critical illness KW - vitamins KW - vitamin C KW - inflammation KW - medical nutrition therapy KW - oxidative stress KW - selenium KW - trace elements KW - micronutrients KW - vitamin D KW - zinc Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-318186 VL - 47 SP - S38 EP - S49 ER -