TY - JOUR A1 - Gilbert, F. A1 - Heintel, T. M. A1 - Jakubietz, M. G. A1 - Köstler, H. A1 - Sebald, C. A1 - Meffert, R. H. A1 - Weng, A. M. T1 - Quantitative MRI comparison of multifidus muscle degeneration in thoracolumbar fractures treated with open and minimally invasive approach JF - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders N2 - Background: Minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation has less approach-related morbidity than open screw placement and is allegedly less traumatizing on paravertebral muscles, as there is no requirement to mobilize and retract the adjacent muscle portion. The approach-related long-term effects to the morphology of the paravertebral muscles are unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term amount of fatty degeneration of the multifidus muscle in patients treated with a classical open or a minimally invasive approach. Methods: Fourteen Patients meeting inclusion criteria were selected. In all patients a singular fracture of the thoracolumbar spine with a two-level posterior instrumentation was treated, either using an open approach or a minimally invasive approach. All patients underwent quantitative MRI spectroscopy for quantification of the fatty degeneration in the multifidus muscle as a long-term proof for muscle loss after minimum 4-year follow-up. Clinical outcome was assessed using Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, SF-36 and VA-scale for pain. Results: The minimally invasive approach group failed to show less muscle degeneration in comparison to the open group. Total amount of fatty degeneration was 14.22% in the MIS group and 12.60% in the open group (p = 0.64). In accordance to MRI quantitative results there was no difference in the clinical outcome after a mean follow up of 5.9 years (±1.8). Conclusion: As short-term advantages of minimal invasive screw placement have been widely demonstrated, no advantage of the MIS, displaying a significant difference in the amount of fatty degeneration and resulting in a better clinical outcome could be found. Besides the well-known short-term advantage of minimally invasive pedicle screw placement, a long-term advantage, such as less muscle degeneration and thus superior clinical results, compared to the open approach could not be shown. KW - dorsal instrumentation KW - minimal invasive surgery KW - muscle degeneration KW - spine trauma Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-175742 VL - 19 IS - 75 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartmann, Catharina A1 - Janaki Raman, Sudha R. A1 - Flöter, Jessica A1 - Schulze, Almut A1 - Bahlke, Katrin A1 - Willingstorfer, Jana A1 - Strunz, Maria A1 - Wöckel, Achim A1 - Klement, Rainer J. A1 - Kapp, Michaela A1 - Djuzenova, Cholpon S. A1 - Otto, Christoph A1 - Kämmerer, Ulrike T1 - Beta-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) can influence the energetic phenotype of breast cancer cells, but does not impact their proliferation and the response to chemotherapy or radiation JF - Cancer & Metabolism N2 - Background: Ketogenic diets (KDs) or short-term fasting are popular trends amongst supportive approaches for cancer patients. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) is the main physiological ketone body, whose concentration can reach plasma levels of 2–6 mM during KDs or fasting. The impact of 3-OHB on the biology of tumor cells described so far is contradictory. Therefore, we investigated the effect of a physiological concentration of 3 mM 3-OHB on metabolism, proliferation, and viability of breast cancer (BC) cells in vitro. Methods: Seven different human BC cell lines (BT20, BT474, HBL100, MCF-7, MDA-MB 231, MDA-MB 468, and T47D) were cultured in medium with 5 mM glucose in the presence of 3 mM 3-OHB at mild hypoxia (5% oxygen) or normoxia (21% oxygen). Metabolic profiling was performed by quantification of the turnover of glucose, lactate, and 3-OHB and by Seahorse metabolic flux analysis. Expression of key enzymes of ketolysis as well as the main monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT2 and the glucose-transporter GLUT1 was analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The effect of 3-OHB on short- and long-term cell proliferation as well as chemo- and radiosensitivity were also analyzed. Results: 3-OHB significantly changed the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in BT20 cells resulting in a more oxidative energetic phenotype. MCF-7 and MDA-MB 468 cells had increased ECAR only in response to 3-OHB, while the other three cell types remained uninfluenced. All cells expressed MCT2 and GLUT1, thus being able to uptake the metabolites. The consumption of 3-OHB was not strongly linked to mRNA overexpression of key enzymes of ketolysis and did not correlate with lactate production and glucose consumption. Neither 3-OHB nor acetoacetate did interfere with proliferation. Further, 3-OHB incubation did not modify the response of the tested BC cell lines to chemotherapy or radiation. Conclusions: We found that a physiological level of 3-OHB can change the energetic profile of some BC cell lines. However, 3-OHB failed to influence different biologic processes in these cells, e.g., cell proliferation and the response to common breast cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, we have no evidence that 3-OHB generally influences the biology of breast cancer cells in vitro. KW - ketogenic diet KW - β-Hydroxybutyrate KW - ketone bodies KW - breast cancer KW - seahorse KW - metabolic profile KW - chemotherapy KW - ionizing radiation Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-175607 VL - 6 IS - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lewitzki, Victor A1 - Andratschke, Nicolaus A1 - Kuhnt, Thomas A1 - Hildebrandt, Guido T1 - Radiation myelitis after hypofractionated radiotherapy with concomitant gefitinib JF - Radiation Oncology N2 - We describe the case of a 71-year-old Caucasian female with primary disseminated non-small cell cancer of the lung, presented for palliative radiotherapy of metastatic spread to the 9th and 11th thoracic vertebrae without intramedullary growth. Palliative radiotherapy with daily fractions of 3 Gy and a cumulative dose of 36 Gy to thoracic vertebrae 8-12 was performed. The patient received concomitantly 250 mg gefitinib daily. After a latent period of 16 months, the patient developed symptoms of myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not reveal any bony or intraspinal tumor progression, but spinal cord signal alteration. No response to steroids was achieved. The neurological symptoms were progressive in August 2013 with the right leg being completely plegic. The left leg was incompletely paralyzed. Deep and superficial sensitivity was also diminished bilaterally. The patient was completely urinary and anally incontinent. Contrary to the clinical findings, a follow-up MRI (July 2013) showed amelioration of the former signal alterations in the spinal cord. The diagnosis of paraneoplastic myelopathy was refuted by a negative test for autologous antibodies. At the last clinical visit in May 2014, the neurological symptoms were stable. The last tumor-specific treatment the patient is receiving is erlotinib 125 mg/d. We reviewed the literature and found no reported cases of radiation myelopathy after the treatment in such a setting. The calculated probability of such complication after radiotherapy alone is statistically measurable at the level of 0.02%. We suppose that gefitinib could also play a role in the development of this rare complication. KW - radiation myelitis KW - concomitant radiotherapy KW - gefitinib Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-175443 VL - 10 IS - 29 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Torkzad, Michael R. A1 - Masselli, Gabriele A1 - Halligan, Steve A1 - Oto, Aytek A1 - Neubauer, Henning A1 - Taylor, Stuart A1 - Gupta, Arun A1 - Frøkjær, Jens Brøndum A1 - Lawrance, Ian C. A1 - Welman, Christopher J. A1 - Negård, Anne A1 - Ekberg, Olle A1 - Patak, Michael A1 - Lauenstein, Thomas T1 - Indications and selection of MR enterography vs. MR enteroclysis with emphasis on patients who need small bowel MRI and general anaesthesia: results of a survey JF - Insights into Imaging N2 - Aims To survey the perceived indications for magnetic resonance imaging of the small bowel (MRE) by experts, when MR enteroclysis (MREc) or MR enterography (MREg) may be chosen, and to determine how the approach to MRE is modified when general anaesthesia (GA) is required. Materials and methods Selected opinion leaders in MRE completed a questionnaire that included clinical indications (MREg or MREc), specifics regarding administration of enteral contrast, and how the technique is altered to accommodate GA. Results Fourteen responded. Only the diagnosis and follow-up of Crohn’s disease were considered by over 80 % as a valid MRE indication. The remaining indications ranged between 35.7 % for diagnosis of caeliac disease and unknown sources of gastrointestinal bleeding to 78.6 % for motility disorders. The majority chose MREg over MREc for all indications (from 100 % for follow-up of caeliac disease to 57.7 % for tumour diagnosis). Fifty per cent of responders had needed to consider MRE under GA. The most commonly recommended procedural change was MRI without enteral distention. Three had experience with intubation under GA (MREc modification). Conclusion Views were variable. Requests for MRE under GA are not uncommon. Presently most opinion leaders suggest standard abdominal MRI when GA is required. KW - small bowel MRI KW - Crohn’s disease KW - general anaesthesia Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-149847 VL - 6 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Williams, Tatjana A1 - Machann, Wolfram A1 - Kühler, Leif A1 - Hamm, Henning A1 - Müller-Höcker, Josef A1 - Zimmer, Michael A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Ritter, Oliver A1 - Beer, Meinrad A1 - Schönberger, Jost T1 - Novel desmoplakin mutation: juvenile biventricular cardiomyopathy with left ventricular non-compaction and acantholytic palmoplantar keratoderma JF - Clinical Research in Cardiology N2 - Two sons of a consanguineous marriage developed biventricular cardiomyopathy. One boy died of severe heart failure at the age of 6 years, the other was transplanted because of severe heart failure at the age of 10 years. In addition, focal palmoplantar keratoderma and woolly hair were apparent in both boys. As similar phenotypes have been described in Naxos disease and Carvajal syndrome, respectively, the genes for plakoglobin (JUP) and desmoplakin (DSP) were screened for mutations using direct genomic sequencing. A novel homozygous 2 bp deletion was identified in an alternatively spliced region of DSP. The deletion 5208_5209delAG led to a frameshift downstream of amino acid 1,736 with a premature truncation of the predominant cardiac isoform DSP-1. This novel homozygous truncating mutation in the isoform-1 specific region of the DSP C-terminus caused Carvajal syndrome comprising severe early-onset heart failure with features of non-compaction cardiomyopathy, woolly hair and an acantholytic form of palmoplantar keratoderma in our patient. Congenital hair abnormality and manifestation of the cutaneous phenotype in toddler age can help to identify children at risk for cardiac death. KW - Desmoplakin KW - Juvenile biventricular cardiomyopathy KW - Palmoplantar keratoderma Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-141198 VL - 100 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krämer, Johannes A1 - Bijnens, Bart A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Ritter, Christian O. A1 - Liu, Dan A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Weidemann, Frank T1 - Left ventricular geometry and blood pressure as predictors of adverse progression of Fabry cardiomyopathy JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Background In spite of several research studies help to describe the heart in Fabry disease (FD), the cardiomyopathy is not entirely understood. In addition, the impact of blood pressure and alterations in geometry have not been systematically evaluated. Methods In 74 FD patients (mean age 36±12 years; 45 females) the extent of myocardial fibrosis and its progression were quantified using cardiac magnetic-resonance-imaging with late enhancement technique (LE). Results were compared to standard echocardiography complemented by 2D-speckle-tracking, 3D-sphericity-index (SI) and standardized blood pressure measurement. At baseline, no patient received enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). After 51±24 months, a follow-up examination was performed. Results Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was higher in patients with vs. without LE: 123±17 mmHg vs. 115±13 mmHg; P = 0.04. A positive correlation was found between SI and the amount of LE-positive myocardium (r = 0.51; P<0.001) indicating an association of higher SI in more advanced stages of the cardiomyopathy. SI at baseline was positively associated with the increase of LE-positive myocardium during follow-up. The highest SBP (125±19 mmHg) and also the highest SI (0.32±0.05) was found in the subgroup with a rapidly increasing LE (ie, ≥0.2% per year; n = 16; P = 0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis including SI, SBP, EF, left ventricular volumes, wall thickness and NT-proBNP adjusted for age and sex showed SI as the most powerful parameter to detect rapid progression of LE (AUC = 0.785; P<0.05). Conclusions LV geometry as assessed by the sphericity index is altered in relation to the stage of the Fabry cardiomyopathy. Although patients with FD are not hypertensive, the SBP has a clear impact on the progression of the cardiomyopathy. KW - cardiovascular magnetic resonance KW - clinical manifestations KW - disease KW - identification KW - fibrosis KW - 2-dimensional speckle tracking KW - myocardial infarction KW - therapy KW - diagnosis KW - impact Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-145131 VL - 10 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Petritsch, Bernhard A1 - Goltz, Jan Peter A1 - Hahn, Dietbert A1 - Wendel, Frank T1 - Extensive craniocervical bone pneumatization JF - Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology N2 - We report a case of extensive abnormal craniocervical bone pneumatization accidentally found in a patient without any history of trauma or surgery. The patient had only mild unspecific thoracic pain and bilateral paresthesia that did not correlate with computed tomography findings. KW - vertebral pneumaticity KW - sauropod dinosaurs KW - bone KW - skull KW - cervical vertebrae pneumatization Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139349 VL - 17 IS - 4 ER - TY - THES A1 - Böck, Lena T1 - Evaluation der präoperativen Ausdehnungsbestimmung ductaler Carcinomata in situ mittels hochauflösender 3-Tesla MR-Mammographie T1 - Evaluation of the Extension of ductal Carcinoma in situ with high resolution 3-Tesla MR mammography N2 - Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass auch in dieser Studie die MRT bewiesen hat, dass sie eine Diagnostik ist, die aufgrund ihrer vielen Vorteile (röntgenstrahlenfrei, schmerzfrei, hochauflösende Diagnostik) der konventionellen Mammographie überlegen ist. Im Vergleich mit anderen diagnostischen Möglichkeiten, weist die MRT die höchsten Sensitivitäten auf. Viele falsch positive Befunde könnten so vermieden werden und unnötige Biopsien umgangen werden. Die MRT zeigte in dieser Studie eine Sensitivität von 78%, für reine DCIS 76%. Die in der präoperativen MR-Diagnostik gemessenen Größen korrelierten statistisch signifikant mit der histologisch bestimmten Größe für alle Gruppen (reines DCIS, begleitendes DCIS, mikroinvasives DCIS) zusammen genommen (c=0,378; p<0,01) sowie für reine DCIS (c=0,403; p<0,05). Desweiteren korrelierten die Größen statistisch signifikant für high-grade DCIS (c=0,493; p<0,05) und für Nekrosen positive DCIS (c=0,556; p<0,01). Hier ließen sich die Tumorgrößen verlässlich vorhersagen. In der Auswertung der Signalintensitäts-Zeit-Kurven zeigten sich signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen hinsichtlich der initialen (p<0,05) und postinitialen Phase (p<0,01). So lässt sich anhand der KM-Kinetik eine Aussage über die Malignität treffen. Ein reines DCIS zeigte typischerweise eine initiale Phase mit einem KM-Anstieg von 50-100% oder >100%, gefolgt von einer Plateau-Phase. Ein invasives Carcinom begleitendes DCIS zeichnete sich durch einen raschen Anstieg >100% gefolgt von einem „wash-out“ und einem inhomogenen, unbegrenzten Anreicherungsverhalten aus. Mikrovinvasive DCIS zeigten ähnlich den reinen DCIS einen initialen Anstieg von 50-100% sowie eine folgende Plateau-Phase. Keinen statistisch signifikanten Einfluss hatte die präoperative Größenbestimmung auf das operativen Verfahren (BET vs. Ablatio). Trotz der präoperativen MRT waren zu 29,6 % Nachresektionen - davon ca. die Hälfte (14,1%) als sekundäre Ablatio - nötig. Mit der MRT ließen sich grundsätzlich verlässliche präoperative Vorhersagen hinsichtlich Größe und Malignität treffen. Signalintensitäts-Zeit-Kurven und höhere Feldstärken, wie die 3T-MRT, könnten sehr hilfreich sein und die Sensitivität und Spezifität verbessern. Warum trotz allem noch so viele Nachresektionen nötig sind, gilt es in folgenden Studien zu untersuchen. N2 - Evaluation of the Extension of ductal Carcinoma in situ with high resolution 3-Tesla MR mammography KW - DCIS KW - MRT KW - duktal KW - Tesla KW - evaluation Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-169153 ER - TY - THES A1 - Sauerburger, Laura T1 - Diffusionsgewichtete MRT bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit Morbus Crohn T1 - Diffusion-weighted MRI in pediatric patients with Crohn disease N2 - Durch Weiterentwicklungen der MR-Technologie hat die diffusionsgewichtete MRT in der Bildgebung des Abdomens zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Einige wenige Studien zeigten bereits vielversprechende Ergebnisse für den Einsatz der DWI in der Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeurteilung des Morbus Crohn. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, zu untersuchen, ob die DWI zur Detektion entzündlicher Darmwandläsionen und extraluminaler Komplikationen bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit Morbus Crohn ebenso geeignet ist wie die kontrastmittelverstärkte MRT. Hierzu wurden retrospektiv die klinischen und MR-tomographischen Daten von 48 Kindern, Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen mit Morbus Crohn sowie von 42 Kontrollpatienten ausgewertet, bei denen im Zeitraum zwischen Juli 2008 und Mai 2013 eine MRT-Untersuchung durchgeführt wurde. Aktuelle Befunde einer Ileokoloskopie waren als Referenz bei 60% der Morbus Crohn Patienten und bei etwa einem Drittel der Patienten der Kontrollgruppe vorhanden. Das Bestehen eines Morbus Crohn konnte bei 47 der insgesamt 48 Patienten anhand der diffusionsgewichteten Sequenzen und in 46 Fällen mittels der kontrastverstärkten T1w-Aufnahmen korrekt nachgewiesen werden. Extramurale Komplikationen wie Abszesse oder Fisteln konnten sowohl mittels DWI als auch durch die KM-MRT detektiert werden. Da die DWI weder eine intravenöse Kontrastmittelapplikation noch Atemanhaltetechniken erfordert, ist sie gerade bei pädiatrischen Patienten ein geeignetes Bildgebungsverfahren. Wegen der relativ geringen Ortsauflösung der diffusionsgewichteten Sequenzen sollte jedoch zusätzlich eine Standardsequenz, wie die T2-gewichtete HASTE-Sequenz, akquiriert werden. Nach den Ergebnissen dieser Studie ist die diffusionsgewichtete MRT zur Beurteilung der entzündlichen Veränderungen des Morbus Crohn sehr gut geeignet und besitzt das Potenzial, nicht nur ergänzend, sondern als Alternative zur KM-MRT zum Einsatz zu kommen. N2 - The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the detectability of inflammatory bowel lesions and of extramural complications with diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI), compared to contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI), in pediatric patients with Crohn disease. The study included 48 children and young adults with Crohn disease and 42 matched controls who underwent routine MRI with DWI and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences during a 5-year-period. Colonoscopy as reference standard was available in about two-thirds of the children with Crohn disease and in about one-third of controls. Overall diagnostic accuracy for identifying pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel lesions among patients and controls in our study was 99% (89/90) for DWI and 98% (88/90) for CE-MRI. In conclusion, the results suggest that free-breathing DWI has potential as an alternative to standard CE-MRI protocols in pediatric patients with known or suspected Crohn disease, without a substantial loss of diagnostic information and without the need for intravenous administration of contrast medium. KW - DW-MRI KW - Diffusionsgewichtete Magnetresonanztomographie KW - Diffusions-MRT KW - Pädiatrie KW - Morbus Crohn KW - DWI KW - abdominale Bildgebung Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-167851 ER - TY - THES A1 - Langhammer, Romy T1 - Metabolomic Imaging for Human Prostate Cancer Detection using MR Spectroscopy at 7T T1 - Prostatakrebsdiagnostik mittels metabolomischer Bildgebung in Verwendung von Magnetresonanzspektroskopie mit 7T N2 - BACKGROUND. Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a major health concern in men of the Western World. However, we still lack effective diagnostic tools a) for an effective screening with both high sensitivity and specificity, b) to guide biopsies and avoid histology sampling errors and c) to predict tumor aggressiveness in order to avoid overtreatment. Therefore, a more reliable, highly cancer-specific and ideally in vivo approach is needed. The present study has been designed in order to further develop and test the method of "metabolomic imaging" using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7T to address those challenges. METHODS. Thirty whole prostates with biopsy-proven PCa were in vitro analyzed with a 7T human MR scanner. A voxel grid containing the spectral information was overlaid with the MR image of the middle transverse cross-sectional plane of each case. Subsequent histopathological evaluation of the prostate specimen followed. After the spectral output was processed, all voxels were compared with a metabolomic PCa profile, which had been established within a preliminary study, in order to create a metabolomic map indicating MRS cancer-suspicious regions. Those regions were compared with the histologically identified tumor lesions regarding location. RESULTS. Sixty-one percent of the histological cancer lesions were detected by metabolomic imaging. Among the cases with PCa on the examined slice, 75% were identified as cancerous. None of the tested features significantly differed between detected and undetected cancer lesions. A defined "Malignancy Index" (MI) significantly differentiated between MRS-suspicious lesions corresponding with a histological cancer lesion and benign lesions (p = 0.006) with an overall accuracy of 70%. The MI furthermore showed a positive correlation with the Gleason grade (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION. A new approach within PCa diagnostics was developed with spectral analysis including the whole measureable metabolome - referred to as "metabolomics" - rather than focusing on single metabolites. The MI facilitates precise tumor detection and may additionally serve as a marker for tumor aggressiveness. Metabolomic imaging might contribute to a highly cancer-specific in vivo diagnostic protocol for PCa. N2 - Diese Studie befasst sich mit der Diagnostik von Prostatakarzinomen mittels metabolomischer Bildgebung auf Grundlage der Magnetresonanzspektroskopie. An dreißig Organen mit gesichertem Prostatakarzinom wurde nach Prostatektomie in vitro ein Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopy-Imaging (MRSI)-Scan mit 7T durchgeführt. Die Auswertung der prostatischen Spektren erfolgte mittels eines in einer Vorstudie definierten Prostatakrebs-Profils, das die metabolomischen Daten des gesamten messbaren Metaboloms einbezog. Die Ergebnisse der metabolomischen Bildgebung wurden anschließend mit denen der histologischen Untersuchung nach dem MRSI-Scan verglichen. 61% der histologisch nachgewiesenen Krebsläsionen konnten mittels der metabolomischen Bildgebung detektiert werden. Ein "Malignancy Index" unterschied signifikant zwischen malignen MRSI-Läsionen sowie den falsch Positiven. Er dient nachweislich als möglicher Marker für Tumoraggressivität. Mit der metabolomischen Bildgebung wurde ein Verfahren vorgestellt, das hochspezifisch für das Prostatakarzinom ist, eine Tumorlokalisation vor Biopsieentnahme ermöglicht sowie eine Abschätzung der Tumoraggressivität und möglichen Progression erlaubt. Dennoch sind weitere Studien erforderlich, um das Verfahren sowie insbesondere die Sensitivität zu verbessern. KW - Prostatakrebs KW - Protonen-NMR-Spektroskopie KW - Metabolomic Imaging KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging KW - Prostate cancer diagnostics KW - Metabolomics Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-165772 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oder, Daniel A1 - Üceyler, Nurcan A1 - Liu, Dan A1 - Hu, Kai A1 - Petritsch, Bernhard A1 - Sommer, Claudia A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Nordbeck, Peter T1 - Organ manifestations and long-term outcome of Fabry disease in patients with the GLA haplotype D313Y JF - BMJ Open N2 - Objectives: The severity of Fabry disease is dependent on the type of mutation in the α-galactosidase A (AgalA) encoding gene (GLA). This study focused on the impact of the GLA haplotype D313Y on long-term organ involvement and function. Setting and participants: In this monocentric study, all participants presenting with the D313Y haplotype between 2001 and 2015 were comprehensively clinically investigated at baseline and during a 4-year follow-up if available. Five females and one male were included. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Cardiac, nephrological, neurological, laboratory and quality of life data. Results: AgalA enzyme activity in leucocytes (0.3±0.9 nmol/min/mg protein (mean±SD)) and serum lyso-Gb3 (0.6±0.3 ng/mL at baseline) were in normal range in all patients. Cardiac morphology and function were normal (left-ventricular (LV) ejection fraction 66±8%; interventricular septum 7.7±1.4 mm; LV posterior wall 7.5±1.4 mm; normalised LV mass in MRI 52±9 g/m2; LV global longitudinal strain −21.6±1.9%) and there were no signs of myocardial fibrosis in cardiac MRI. Cardiospecific biomarkers were also in normal range. Renal function was not impaired (estimated glomerular filtration rate MDRD 103±15 mL/min; serum-creatinine 0.75±0.07 mg/dL; cystatin-c 0.71±0.12 mg/L). One female patient (also carrying a Factor V Leiden mutation) had a transitory ischaemic attack. One patient showed white matter lesions in brain MRI, but none had Fabry-associated pain attacks, pain crises, evoked pain or permanent pain. Health-related quality of life analysis revealed a reduction in individual well-being. At long-term follow-up after 4 years, no significant change was seen in any parameter. Conclusions: The results of the current study suggest that the D313Y genotype does not lead to severe organ manifestations as seen in genotypes known to be causal for classical FD." KW - inherited metabolic disorders KW - Anderson-Fabry Disease KW - D313Y genotype KW - Fabry cardiomyopathy KW - Fabry nephropathy KW - Fabry-associated pain Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161210 VL - 6 ER - TY - THES A1 - Buchberger, Miriam T1 - Stellenwert der Computertomographie im Staging der Sigmadivertikulitis T1 - CT staging in sigmoid diverticulitis N2 - Zielsetzung: Wie genau kann die Computertomographie die einzelnen Stadien der Sigmadivertikulitis abbilden? Inwieweit ist eine Übereinstimmung befunderabhängig? Material und Methoden: Grundlage dieser Arbeit waren die Daten von 91 Patienten (43 Männer und 48 Frauen, Durchschnittalter: 60,4 Jahre), die im Zeitraum August 2008 bis Mai 2010 aufgrund einer Sigmadivertikulitis operiert wurden. Das prätherapeutisch mittels Computertomographie (Hansen und Stock-Klassifikation)diagnostizierte Stadium wurde mit dem histopathologisch bestimmten Stadium auf eine Übereinstimmung hin verglichen. Zudem wurden alle CT-Bilder von einem zweiten Radiologen nachbefundet und auf eine Übereinstimmung mit dem Befund des Erstbefunders verglichen. Ergebnisse: Die Sensitivität für das phlegmonöse Stadium (H&S IIA) lag bei 83,3%, für das Stadium der gedeckten Perforation (H&S IIB) bei 71,4% und 72,7% für das chronisch-rezidivierende Stadium (H&S III). Die Spezifität lag bei 83,5% für Stadium IIA, 81,0% für Stadium IIB und 92,7% für Stadium III. Die Sensitivität und Spezifität für Stadium IIC (freie Perforation) lag bei 100%. Bei zehn Patienten kam es seitens der Computertomographie zu einer Unterschätzung des Entzündungsausmaßes: hier wurde anhand der CT ein histopathologisch verifiziertes Stadium IIB als Stadium IIA klassifiziert. Der Kappa-Wert der Zwischenbeobachter-Korrelation lag bei 0,598. Zusammenfassung: Die Computertomographie ist insgesamt ein zuverlässiges radiologisches Verfahren in der Diagnostik der einzelnen Divertikulitis-Stadien, zeigt aber, insbesondere in der Diagnostik des Stadiums IIB Defizite im Sinne einer Unterschätzung des Entzündungsausmaßes. Auch die moderate Zwischenbeobachter-Übereinstimmung hebt mögliche Defizite der CT im Staging der Sigmadivertikulitis hervor. N2 - Purpose To assess accuracy of CT in the diagnosis of sigmoid diverticulitis and to evaluate interobserver correlation Methods and Materials This study included 91 patients (43 men and 48 women; median age 60.4 years) who underwent resection for sigmoid diverticulitis from August 2008 to May 2010. The preoperative stage was compared with intraoperative and histological reports utilizing the Hansen and Stock-classification (HS). All CT scans were interpreted by two radiologists, and we compared their reports in regard of agreement. Results The sensitivity in detecting the phlegmonous type (HS IIA) was 83.3%, for the covered perforation (HS IIB) 71.4% and 72.7% for the chronically recurrent diverticulitis (HS type III). The calculated specifity was 83.5% for type IIA, 81.0% for type IIB and 92.7% for type III. In the presence of free perforation (HS type IIC) we found a sensitivity and specifity of 100%. In the covered perforation type CT often leads to an underestimation of the findings. In ten cases the CT was not able to show a histopathologically verified covered perforation. Kappa statistics showed that radiologists only agreed moderately in their diagnosis (kappa=0.598). Conclusion CT is an accurate tool for staging in sigmoid diverticulitis, but shows especially in diagnosing type IIB a deficit in terms of an understaging. Moderate interobserver agreement also highlights potential difficulties in staging sigmoid diverticulitis by CT. KW - Divertikulitis KW - Sigmadivertikulitis KW - Computertomographie Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-162486 ER - TY - THES A1 - Laubmeier, Mona T1 - Wertigkeit der Multidetektorcomputertomographie in der präoperativen Diagnostik des Pankreaskarzinoms T1 - Diagnostic accuracy of MDCT for preoperative staging of pancreatic carcinoma N2 - Das Pankreaskarzinom stellt mit seiner schlechten Prognose und der Schwierigkeit, es in frühem Stadium zu erkennen, eine große Herausforderung für die Medizin dar. Es gibt zahlreiche diagnostische Möglichkeiten für die Detektion und das Staging dieses Malignoms. Hierfür hat sich als Mittel der ersten Wahl in den letzten Jahren die MD-Computertomographie bewährt. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Treffsicherheit der Computertomographie für die Detektion als auch für die Einstufung der präoperativen Resektabilität zu bestimmen und herauszufinden, wo Fehlerquellen in der Bildbefundung liegen, um diese in Zukunft verbessern bzw. vermeiden zu können. Hierfür wurden 83 Patienten mit primärem Verdacht auf ein Pankreaskarzinom in die Studie einbezogen und die präoperativ erstellen Bilder retrospektiv befundet. Dabei ergaben sich Werte für die Sensitivität der Tumordetektion von 94 % und für die Spezifität von 43,75 %. Die Sensitivität zur Einschätzung der Resektabiliät eines Pankreaskarzinoms mit Hilfe des CTs in dieser Studie beträgt 64 % und die Spezifität 97,30 %. Die Ergebnisse an der Universität Würzburg sind damit vergleichbar mit den Ergebnissen anderer Untersuchungen an anderen Zentren. Trotz der hohen Bildqualität der Multidetektorcomputertomographie war es schwierig, eine chronische Pankreatitis von einem Karzinom zu unterscheiden. Besonders wichtig, vor allem in Zusammenarbeit mit der Visceralchirurgie, ist es, präoperativ festzulegen, ob der Tumor noch resektabel ist, um unnötig aufwändige Operationen zu vermeiden und Patienten mit resektablem Tumor die Chance auf eine potentiell kurative Therapie nicht zu verwehren. Ein in der Bildgebung primär irresektabel eingestufter Befund war mit fast 100 % auch tatsächlich irresektabel. Dagegen stellten sich 20 % der initital als resektabel eingestuften Befunde intraoperativ als irresektabel dar. Als Hauptursachen der falsch eingestuften Befunde fanden sich in dieser Studie Probleme in der Detektion eines arteriellen Gefäßbefalls, kleiner Lebermetastasen oder einer Peritonealkarzinose. Zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen kommen auch andere Autoren. Auch in Zukunft wird trotz weiterer technischer Fortschritte in der Schnittbildgebung eine sichere Unterscheidung wahrscheinlich nicht immer möglich sein. Folglich gilt es im präoperativen Staging des Pankreaskarzinoms, größtmögliche Sorgfalt walten zu lassen. Dies beinhaltet, so genau wie möglich, auf Hinweise zur Unterscheidung einer chronischen Pankreatitis, eines Karzinoms und der erwähnten Irresektabilitätskriterien zu achten. So wird im Rahmen, der durch technische Möglichkeiten gegebenen Treffsicherheit, ein Maximum an Genauigkeit sichergestellt. N2 - The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in preoperative detection and assessment of resectability of pancreatic cancer using surgical and histopathologic correlation. The study included 83 patients with suspected locoregional pancreatic cancer. One radiologist retrospectively evaluated the imaging findings to determine the presence of pancreatic tumor and signs of unresectability. MDCT showed a sensitivity of 94 % and a specificity of 44 % for detection of pancreatic cancer, respectively. For assessing unresectability MDCT showed a sensitivity of 64 %, a specificity of 97%, respectively, a positive predictive value of 94 % and a negative predictive value of 82 %, respectively. MDCT is a useful technique for preoperative detection and staging of pancreatic cancer. The main limitation of CT is that it may not differentiate pancreatic cancer from pancreatitis and may not reveal peritoneal or small hepatic metastases, and vascular encasement. KW - Pankreaskarzinom KW - Pankreaskarzinom präoperativ KW - Wertigkeit KW - MDCT Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159789 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gilbert, Fabian A1 - Klein, Detlef A1 - Weng, Andreas Max A1 - Köstler, Herbert A1 - Schmitz, Benedikt A1 - Schmalzl, Jonas A1 - Böhm, Dirk T1 - Supraspinatus muscle elasticity measured with real time shear wave ultrasound elastography correlates with MRI spectroscopic measured amount of fatty degeneration JF - BMC Muscoskeletal Disorders N2 - Background: Fatty Degeneration (FD) of the rotator cuff muscles influences functional and anatomical outcome after rotator cuff repair. The MRI based estimation of fatty degeneration is the gold standard. There is some evidence that Ultrasound elastography (EUS) can detect local differences of tissue stiffness in muscles and tendons. Shear-wave elastography (SWE) was evaluated to determine the extent to which shear wave velocity was associated with measures of fatty degeneration. MRI-spectroscopic fat measurement was used as a reference to quantify the amount of fat in the muscle belly. Methods: Forty-two patients underwent SWE of the supraspinatus muscles at its thickest diameter. After ultrasound evaluation an MRI-spectroscopic fat measurement of the supraspinatus muscle was performed using the SPLASH-technique. A gel filled capsule was used to locate the measured area in the MRI. The values of shear wave velocity (SWV) measured with SWE and spectroscopic fat measurement were correlated statistically using Pearson’s correlation test. Results: Correlation of the fat amount measured with MRI-spectroscopy and the SWV measured with SWE was ρ =0.82. Spectroscopic measured fat ratio of the supraspinatus muscle ranged from 0% to 77.41% and SWV from 1.59 m/s to 5.32 m/s. In 4 patients no sufficient SWE could be performed, these individuals showed a larger diameter of the overlying soft tissue. SWV measured with SWE showed a good correlation with MRI spectroscopic fat amount of the supraspinatus muscle. Conclusion: These preliminary data suggest that SWE may be a sufficient tool in detecting and estimating the amount of fatty degeneration in the supraspinatus muscle in real time. Large overlying soft tissue may be a limitation in performing sufficient EUS. KW - shoulder surgery KW - rotator cuff KW - MRI KW - ultrasound KW - fatty degeneration Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159378 VL - 18 IS - 549 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Veldhoen, Simon A1 - Behzadi, Cyrus A1 - Lenz, Alexander A1 - Henes, Frank Oliver A1 - Rybczynski, Meike A1 - von Kodolitsch, Yskert A1 - Bley, Thorsten Alexander A1 - Adam, Gerhard A1 - Bannas, Peter T1 - Non-contrast MR angiography at 1.5 Tesla for aortic monitoring in Marfan patients after aortic root surgery JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance N2 - Background: Contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography (CE-CMRA) is the established imaging modality for patients with Marfan syndrome requiring life-long annual aortic imaging before and after aortic root replacement. Contrast-free CMRA techniques avoiding side-effects of contrast media are highly desirable for serial imaging but have not been evaluated in the postoperative setup of Marfan patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of non-contrast balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) magnetic resonance imaging for aortic monitoring of postoperative patients with Marfan syndrome. Methods: Sixty-four adult Marfan patients after aortic root replacement were prospectively included. Fourteen patients (22%) had a residual aortic dissection after surgical treatment of type A dissection. bSSFP imaging and CE-CMRA were performed at 1.5 Tesla. Two radiologists evaluated the images regarding image quality (1 = poor, 4 = excellent), artifacts (1 = severe, 4 = none) and aortic pathologies. Readers measured the aortic diameters at defined levels in both techniques. Statistics included observer agreement for image scoring and diameter measurements and ROC analyses for comparison of the diagnostic performance of bSSFP and CE-CMRA. Results: Both readers observed no significant differences in image quality between bSSFP and CE-CMRA and found a median image quality score of 4 for both techniques (all p > .05). No significant differences were found regarding the frequency of image artifacts in both sequences (all p > .05). Sensitivity and specificity for detection of aortic dissections was 100% for both readers and techniques. Compared to bSSFP imaging, CE-CMRA resulted in higher diameters (mean bias, 0.9 mm; p < .05). The inter-observer biases of diameter measurements were not significantly different (all p > .05), except for the distal graft anastomosis (p = .001). Using both techniques, the readers correctly identified a graft suture dehiscence with aneurysm formation requiring surgery. Conclusion: Unenhanced bSSFP CMR imaging allows for riskless aortic monitoring with high diagnostic accuracy in Marfan patients after aortic root surgery. KW - MR angiography Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158693 VL - 19 IS - 82 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauer, Alexander A1 - Li, Mengxia A1 - Holl-Wieden, Annette A1 - Pabst, Thomas A1 - Neubauer, Henning T1 - Readout-segmented multi-shot diffusion-weighted MRI of the knee joint in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis JF - Pediatric Rheumatology N2 - Background: Diffusion-weighted MRI has been proposed as a new technique for imaging synovitis without intravenous contrast application. We investigated diagnostic utility of multi-shot readout-segmented diffusion-weighted MRI (multi-shot DWI) for synovial imaging of the knee joint in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients with confirmed or suspected JIA (21 girls, median age 13 years) underwent routine 1.5 T MRI with contrast-enhanced T1w imaging (contrast-enhanced MRI) and with multi-shot DWI (RESOLVE, b-values 0–50 and 800 s/mm\(^2\)). Contrast-enhanced MRI, representing the diagnostic standard, and diffusion-weighted images at b = 800 s/mm\(^2\) were separately rated by three independent blinded readers at different levels of expertise for the presence and the degree of synovitis on a modified 5-item Likert scale along with the level of subjective diagnostic confidence. Results: Fourteen (44%) patients had active synovitis and joint effusion, nine (28%) patients showed mild synovial enhancement not qualifying for arthritis and another nine (28%) patients had no synovial signal alterations on contrast-enhanced imaging. Ratings by the 1st reader on contrast-enhanced MRI and on DWI showed substantial agreement (κ = 0.74). Inter-observer-agreement was high for diagnosing, or ruling out, active arthritis of the knee joint on contrast-enhanced MRI and on DWI, showing full agreement between 1st and 2nd reader and disagreement in one case (3%) between 1st and 3rd reader. In contrast, ratings in cases of absent vs. little synovial inflammation were markedly inconsistent on DWI. Diagnostic confidence was lower on DWI, compared to contrast-enhanced imaging. Conclusion: Multi-shot DWI of the knee joint is feasible in routine imaging and reliably diagnoses, or rules out, active arthritis of the knee joint in paediatric patients without the need of gadolinium-based i.v. contrast injection. Possibly due to “T2w shine-through” artifacts, DWI does not reliably differentiate non-inflamed joints from knee joints with mild synovial irritation. KW - diffusion-weighted MRI KW - juvenile idiopathic arthritis KW - synovitis Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158095 VL - 15 IS - 73 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zeller, Daniel A1 - Heidemeier, Anke A1 - Grigoleit, Götz Ulrich A1 - Müllges, Wolfgang T1 - Case report: subacute tetraplegia in an immunocompromised patient JF - BMC Neurology N2 - Background: Clinical reasoning in Neurology is based on general associations which help to deduce the site of the lesion. However, even “golden principles” may occasionally be deceptive. Here, we describe the case of subacute flaccid tetraparesis due to motor cortical lesions. To our knowledge, this is the first report to include an impressive illustration of nearly symmetric motor cortical involvement of encephalitis on brain MRI. Case presentation: A 51 year old immunocompromized man developed a high-grade pure motor flaccid tetraparesis over few days. Based on clinical presentation, critical illness polyneuromyopathy was suspected. However, brain MRI revealed symmetrical hyperintensities strictly limited to the subcortical precentral gyrus. An encephalitis, possibly due to CMV infection, turned out to be the most likely cause. Conclusion: While recognition of basic clinical patterns is indispensable in neurological reasoning, awareness of central conditions mimicking peripheral nervous disease may be crucial to detect unsuspected, potentially treatable conditions. KW - tetraparesis KW - motor cortex KW - CMV KW - encephalitis KW - case report Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-157576 VL - 17 IS - 31 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kurre, Corinna T1 - Single-Center Erfahrungen bezüglich des Einsatzes eines „Cutting Balloon Katheters“ (= perkutane transluminale Blade-Angioplastie) bei Patienten mit stenosierten Hämodialyseshunts T1 - Using a cutting balloon catheter (= percutaneous transluminal blade angioplasty) for stenotic haemodialysis access: a single center study N2 - Ziel der Arbeit Die vorliegende Arbeit spiegelt Erfahrungen bezüglich des Einsatzes von Cutting Balloon Kathetern in stenosierten Hämodialyseshunts im Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie der Universitätsklinik Würzburg wider. Ziel war vor allem die Erfassung der technischen und klinischen Erfolgsrate sowie die Untersuchung der primären Offenheitsraten unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten und der Komplikationsrate. Patienten, Material, Methoden Zwischen Mai 2006 und Oktober 2010 wurden 44 Interventionen an chronisch niereninsuffizienten Patienten mit stenosierten Dialyseshunts mittels Cutting Balloon Kathetern durchgeführt. Diese wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. 26 Patienten waren männlich, 18 weiblich. Das Durchschnittsalter zum Zeitpunkt der PTA betrug 66,2 Jahre (±13,3 Jahre). 38 der 44 Patienten erreichten das Follow Up von 450 Tagen. Bei den Interventionen kamen neben den Peripheral Cutting Balloons® (Boston Scientific Corporation, Natick, MA, USA) (n=45) auch konventionelle Ballonkatheter (n=77) und Hochdruckballonkatheter (n=2) zum Einsatz. Betrachtet wurden der technische, klinische und hämodynamische Erfolg, die primären Offenheitsraten nach 30, 60 und 180 Tagen unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten sowie die Komplikationsrate. Ergebnisse In neun Fällen konnte durch die DSA der Nachweis von mehr als einer Stenose ausgemacht werden. Insgesamt wurden 62 Stenosen diagnostiziert, wovon 52 mittels Cutting Balloons behandelt wurden. Die Stenosen, welche mittels Cutting Balloons behandelt wurden, wiesen im Mittel eine Länge von 2,6 cm (±2,1 cm) auf. Der technische Erfolg lag bei 100%. Die klinische Erfolgsrate lag bei 92,9%. Hämodynamischer Erfolg konnte in 65,9% der Fälle erzielt werden. Die primäre Offenheitsrate betrug im Mittel 178,2 Tage (±22,8). Sie betrug nach 30 Tagen 88,6%, nach 90 Tagen 68,2% und nach 180 Tagen 36,4%. Bei den Patienten mit autologen Shunts betrug die primäre Offenheitsrate im Mittel 215,0 Tage (±27,3). Sie betrug in diesem Patientenkollektiv nach 30 Tagen 90,9%, nach 90 Tagen 78,8% und nach 180 Tagen 48,5%. Bei den Patienten mit alloplastischen Shunts lag die primäre Offenheitsrate im Schnitt bei 67,8 Tagen (±12,0). Sie betrug hier nach 30 Tagen 81,8%, nach 90 Tagen 36,4% und nach 180 Tagen 0%. Der Unterschied der primären Offenheitsraten war für autologe vs. alloplastische Shunts statistisch signifikant (p=0,002). Die primäre Offenheitsrate betrug im Mittel bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus 248,5 Tage (±42,2). Sie betrug in diesem Patientenkollektiv nach 30 Tagen 88,2%, nach 90 Tagen 76,5% und nach 180 Tagen 52,9%. Bei Patienten ohne Diabetes mellitus lag die primäre Offenheitsrate im Schnitt bei 133,9 Tagen (±22,7). Sie betrug hier nach 30 Tagen 85,2%, nach 90 Tagen 63,0% und nach 180 Tagen 25,9%. Der Unterschied der primären Offenheitsraten war bei Diabetikern vs. Nicht-Diabetikern statistisch nicht signifikant. Die primäre Offenheitsrate betrug im Mittel bei den Patienten mit Dyslipoproteinämie 153,6 Tage (±36,9). Sie betrug in diesem Patientenkollektiv nach 30 Tagen 78,9%, nach 90 Tagen 47,4% und nach 180 Tagen 31,6%. Bei den Patienten ohne Dyslipoproteinämie lag die primäre Offenheitsrate im Schnitt bei 196,9 Tagen (±28,8). Sie betrug hier nach 30 Tagen 96,0%, nach 90 Tagen 84,0% und nach 180 Tagen 40,0%. Der Unterschied der primären Offenheitsraten war bei Patienten mit vs. Patienten ohne Dyslipoproteinämie statistisch signifikant (p=0,009). 90,9% der Interventionen (n=40) verliefen komplikationslos. In 9,1% der Fälle (n=4) traten Komplikationen auf, die gemäß den SIR Reporting Standards (62) zu den Minor-Komplikationen zählen. Fazit Die PTA mittels Cutting Balloon Katheter stellt bei hohem technischem und klinischem Erfolg sowie niedriger Komplikationsrate eine effektive Behandlungsmethode stenosierter Hämodialyseshunts dar. Weitere Studien werden benötigt, um im Hinblick auf die Kosten-Nutzen-Relation eindeutige Indikationsstellungen für den Einsatz des Cutting Balloons in dysfunktionellen Hämodialyseshunts zu etablieren. N2 - The study is about a retrospective analysis of 44 interventions on patients with chronic renal failure, having had a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with a cutting balloon catheter in the Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University of Wuerzburg in the period of May 2006 to October 2010. In total 26 men and 18 women were treated. The average age of the patients at the time of intervention was 66,2 years (±13,3 years). 38 of 44 patients reached the follow up of 450 days. Beside the Peripheral Cutting Balloons® (Boston Scientific Corporation, Natick, MA, USA) (n=45) also conventional balloon catheters (n=77) and high pressure balloon catheters (n=2) were used to treat lesions. We retrospectively analyzed the technical, clinical and haemodynamic success as well as primary patency rates after 30, 60 and 180 days from various perspectives and also the rate of complications. Via digital subtraction angiography more than one stenosis was reported in nine cases. In total 62 stenoses were diagnosed, whereof 52 were treated with cutting balloons. Stenoses, treated by cutting balloons, have had an average length of 2,6 cm (±2,1 cm). The technical success was 100%, clinical success rated 92,9% and haemodynamic success could be reached in 65,9% of all cases. The primary patency rate was in average 178,2 days (±22,8), 88,6% after 30 days, 68,2% after 90 days and 36,4% after 180 days. We reported that 90,9% of all interventions (n=40) did not cause any complications. There had been complications in 9,1% of all cases (n=4), which pertain to minor complications in accordance with the SIR Reporting Standards. In conclusion PTA with a cutting balloon catheter is an effective method to treat stenoses in haemodialysis accesses and has high technical and clinical success rates as well as a low rate of complications. Further studies are requested to establish clear indications for the use of a cutting balloon catheter for stenotic lesions in haemodialysis accesses in regards to its costeffectiveness. KW - Perkutane transluminale Angioplastie KW - cutting balloon KW - Schneideballon KW - blade angioplastie KW - Shuntstenose Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138120 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kowallik, Eva-Sophia T1 - Ausmaß und Korrelation von Late Gadolinium Enhancement, mikrovaskulärer Obstruktion und intramyokardialer Einblutung als prognostische Faktoren für das Remodeling bei Patienten nach Myokardinfarkt T1 - Prognostic value of late gadolinium enhancement, microvascular obstruction and intramyocardial hemorrhage on left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction N2 - Hintergrund Kardiale Magnetresonanztomographie (CMR) kann für den Nachweis und die Bestimmung von Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE), mikrovaskulärer Obstruktion (MO) und intramyokardialer Einblutung (IMH) genutzt werden. Die Studie hat zum Ziel, den prognostischen Nutzen dieser drei MRT-Parameter bei der Entwicklung linksventrikulären Remodelings nach Myokardinfarkt (MI) zu evaluieren. Methoden Das Studienkollektiv umfasste 55 Patienten (Alter: 56±11 Jahre; Geschlecht: 53 m/2 w), welche nach dem Erstereignis eines Myokardinfarkts durch primäre Koronarintervention therapiert wurden. CMR mit Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE), First Pass Perfusion (FPP) und T2 gewichteter (T2w) Turbospinecho-Sequenz wurde 72 Stunden und ein Jahr nach MI durchgeführt. Linksventrikuläres Remodeling wird dabei als Anstieg des enddiastolischen Volumens um ≥ 20% und/oder einem Abfall der Ejektionsfraktion um > 10% definiert. Ergebnisse Late Gadolinium Enhancement ist eine effektive Methode, um die Infarktgröße zu bestimmen. Dabei zeigten 77,70 % der Patienten mit linksventrikulärem Remodeling eine Infarktgröße die 20 % der linksventrikulären Masse überschritt. Als ein Teilaspekt der vorliegenden Studie wurden die Patienten in drei Gruppen anhand der Ergebnisse ihrer Koronarintervention unterteilt (RIVA: n= 26; RCA: n= 20; RCX: n = 8). In der Jahresuntersuchung wiesen Patienten mit Vorderwandinfarkt eine niedrigere Ejektionsfraktion, einen signifikanten Anstieg des enddiastolischen Volumens und eine größere Infarktgröße als Probanden mit anderen Infarktlokalisationen auf. Ungefähr die Hälfte aller Remodelingpatienten erlitt einen Verschluss der RIVA. Mikrovaskuläre Obstruktion kann sowohl in der LGE Sequenz, als auch in der First Pass Perfusion nachgewiesen werden. In dieser Studie zeigt sich, dass die Größe der MO in der LGE Sequenz 80 % kleiner als in der FPP ausfiel. Dennoch besitzt die Anwesenheit der MO in der LGE Sequenz den größeren prognostischen Wert, da hier vor allem die ausgeprägten Areale der mikrovaskulären Obstruktion zur Darstellung kommen und Patienten mit diesen gefährdeter sind, ventrikuläres Remodeling zu entwickeln. Patienten mit MO (= MO (+)) (FPP: n= 42; LGE: n=27) besaßen eine kleinere Ejektionsfraktion (20 %), ein größeres enddiastolisches Volumen (24 %) und größere Infarktareale (170 %) in der Jahreskontrolle als Patienten ohne MO (= MO (-)) Intramyokardiale Einblutung wurde bei 29 Patienten (= IMH (+)) beobachtet, welche eine niedrige Ejektionsfraktion (17 %), ein höheres enddiastolisches Volumen (19 %) und eine größere Infarktgröße (180 %) als Patienten ohne IMH (= IMH (-)) nach einem Jahr aufwiesen. IMH fand sich in 72,15% der Patienten mit linksventrikulärem Remodeling. Zusammenfassung Late Gadolinium Enhancement, mikrovaskuläre Obstruktion und intramyokardiale Einblutung können zur Vorhersage linksventrikulären Remodelings bei Patienten nach Myokardinfarkt verwendet werden. In der vorliegenden Studie waren der Nachweis von MO in der LGE Sequenz und die Anwesenheit von IMH in der T2-Bildgebung die aussagekräftigsten prognostischen Faktoren. N2 - Background Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can be used to detect and messure late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), microvascular obstruction (MO) and intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH). This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of these three CMR parameters on the development of left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods Fifty-five patients (age: 56±11 years; gender: 53 m/2 f) with a first myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were studied. CMR including late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), first pass perfusion (FPP) and T2 weighted (T2w) turbospinecho sequence was performed 72 h and 1 year after MI. Left ventricular remodeling was defined as an increase of the end-diastolic volume of ≥ 20% and/or a decrease of the ejection fraction of > 10%. Results Late gadolinium enhancement is an effective method to measure the infarct size. 77,70 % of the patients with left ventricular remodeling showed a infarct size larger than 20 % of the left ventricular mass. As one part of the study the patients were categorized into groups based on the results of the primary percutaneous coronary intervention (LAD: n= 26; RCA: n= 20; LCX: n = 8). After one year patients with anterior myocardial infarction had a lower ejection fraction, a significant increase of end-diastolic volume and a larger infarct size compared to the other infarct types. Nearly 50 % of the patients with remodeling had an occlusion of the RIVA. Microvascular obstruction is detectable in late gadolinium enhancement sequence and first pass perfusion. This study proved that the size of MO was 80 % smaller in LGE compared to FPP. Although the prognostic value of MO in LGE for the prediction of left ventricular remodeling seemed higher. This is caused by the fact, that LGE only shows severe microvascular obstruction, which is a greater risk to develop left ventricular remodeling. Patients with MO (= MO (+) (FPP: n= 42; LGE: n=27) presented lower ejection fraction (20 %), higher end-diastolic volume (24 %) and larger infarct size (170 %) compared to patients without IMH (= IMH (-)) on the follow-up CMR. Intramyocardial hemorrhage was observed in 29 patients (= IMH (+)), who showed lower ejection fraction (17%), higher end-diastolic volume (19 %) and larger infarct size (180 %) compared to patients without IMH (= IMH (-)) after one year. IMH was found in 72,15 % of patients with left ventricular remodeling. Conclusions Late gadolinium enhancement, microvascular obstruction and intramyocardial hemorrhage can be used to predict left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction. In this study the presence of MO in the LGE sequence or the presence of IMH in a T2 imaging are the strongest predictors. KW - MRT KW - Myokardinfarkt KW - Late Gadolinium Enhancement KW - Mikrovaskuläre Obstruktion KW - intramyokardiale Einblutung Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-155782 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kraus, Philip T1 - Verbesserung von Echoplanarer Bildgebung durch Phasenkorrektur T1 - Improvement of echoplanar imaging by phase correction N2 - Die Arbeit liefert eine Übersicht zu möglichen Korrekturen dynamischer Off-Resonanzen in dichtegewichteten und kartesischen echoplanaren funktionellen MRT Sequenzen. N2 - This scientific work gives an overview about potential corrections of dynamic off-resonances in k-space in density weighted and cartesian MRI sequences. KW - Kernspintomografie KW - Echoplanare Bildgebung KW - Phasenkorrektur KW - MRT KW - Off.Resonanzen Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-154462 ER -