TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scherzad, Agmal
A1  - Hagen, Rudolf
A1  - Hackenberg, Stephan
T1  - Current Understanding of Nasal Epithelial Cell Mis-Differentiation
JF  - Journal of Inflammation Research
N2  - The functional role of the respiratory epithelium is to generate a physical barrier. In addition, the epithelium supports the innate and acquired immune system through various cytokines and chemokines. However, epithelial cells are also involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, some of which are mediated by increased permeability of the mucosal membrane or disturbed mucociliary transport. In addition, it has been shown that epithelial cells are involved in the development of inflammatory respiratory diseases. The following review article focuses on the aspects of epithelial mis-differentiation, in particular with respect to nasal mucosal barrier function, epithelial immunogenicity, nasal epithelial-mesenchymal transition and nasal microbiome.
KW  - nasal mucosal barrier function
KW  - tight junction
KW  - epithelial-mesenchymal transition
KW  - microbiome
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-228562
VL  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lux, Thomas J.
A1  - Hu, Xiawei
A1  - Ben-Kraiem, Adel
A1  - Blum, Robert
A1  - Chen, Jeremy Tsung-Chieh
A1  - Rittner, Heike L.
T1  - Regional differences in tight junction protein expression in the blood−DRG barrier and their alterations after nerve traumatic injury in rats
JF  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
N2  - The nervous system is shielded by special barriers. Nerve injury results in blood–nerve barrier breakdown with downregulation of certain tight junction proteins accompanying the painful neuropathic phenotype. The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) consists of a neuron-rich region (NRR, somata of somatosensory and nociceptive neurons) and a fibre-rich region (FRR), and their putative epi-/perineurium (EPN). Here, we analysed blood–DRG barrier (BDB) properties in these physiologically distinct regions in Wistar rats after chronic constriction injury (CCI). Cldn5, Cldn12, and Tjp1 (rats) mRNA were downregulated 1 week after traumatic nerve injury. Claudin-1 immunoreactivity (IR) found in the EPN, claudin-19-IR in the FRR, and ZO-1-IR in FRR-EPN were unaltered after CCI. However, laser-assisted, vessel specific qPCR, and IR studies confirmed a significant loss of claudin-5 in the NRR. The NRR was three-times more permeable compared to the FRR for high and low molecular weight markers. NRR permeability was not further increased 1-week after CCI, but significantly more CD68\(^+\) macrophages had migrated into the NRR. In summary, NRR and FRR are different in naïve rats. Short-term traumatic nerve injury leaves the already highly permeable BDB in the NRR unaltered for small and large molecules. Claudin-5 is downregulated in the NRR. This could facilitate macrophage invasion, and thereby neuronal sensitisation and hyperalgesia. Targeting the stabilisation of claudin-5 in microvessels and the BDB barrier could be a future approach for neuropathic pain therapy.
KW  - tight junction
KW  - claudin-5
KW  - neuropathic pain
KW  - nerve injury
KW  - dorsal root ganglion
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285029
SN  - 1422-0067
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
ER  -