TY - THES A1 - Trammer, Beatrice T1 - Ex-vivo-Modelle zur Charakterisierung der Pharmakokinetik pulmonal applizierter Wirkstoffe: Dialyse- und humanes Lungenperfusionsmodell T1 - Ex-vivo models enabling the pharmacokinetic characterization of pulmonary applied drugs: dialysis model and isolated human lung perfusion model N2 - Aus pharmakokinetischer Sicht sind neben Parametern wie der oralen Bioverfügbarkeit und der systemischen Clearance, für die Effektivität und Sicherheit eines inhalativ angewendeten Wirkstoffes unter anderem das Ausmaß der pulmonalen Deposition und seine pulmonale Umverteilungskinetik entscheidend. Wird eine topische Wirkung des Arzneistoffes angestrebt, so trägt eine lange Verweilzeit des Arzneistoffes im Zielgewebe, verbunden mit einer langsamen Umverteilung in den systemischen Kreislauf zu einer Wirkungsoptimierung mit gleichzeitiger Minimierung systemischer Nebenwirkungen bei. In-vitro- und ex-vivo-Modelle eignen sich hervorragend zur isolierten Untersuchung solcher pharmakokinetischer Vorgänge ohne den Einfluss verschiedener in-vivo-Faktoren, wie der Verteilung in andere Gewebe, Metabolisierungs- oder Eliminationsprozessen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es daher, Modelle der humanen Lunge zu etablieren bzw. weiterzuentwickeln, die möglichst realitätsnah die Untersuchung der Pharmakokinetik pulmonal applizierter Wirkstoffe ermöglichen. N2 - From a pharmacokinetic point of view, the extent of pulmonary deposition and the pulmonary redistribution are crucial for an inhaled drug’s effectiveness and safety besides parameters such as oral bioavailability and systemic clearance. Aiming at a local effect, a long residence time in the target tissue combined with a slow redistribution into systemic circulation contribute to a drug’s optimal potency while simultaneously minimizing systemic adverse effects. In-vitro and ex-vivo models are particularly suitable for examining single pharmacokinetic aspects without the influences occurring in-vivo such as distribution into other tissues and processes of metabolism or elimination. Therefore, the aim of the present thesis was to establish, respectively enhance models of the human lung, which were able to describe the pharmacokinetics of pulmonary applied drugs close to reality. KW - Pharmakokinetik KW - Lunge KW - Ex vivo KW - Wirkstoff KW - pharmacokinetic KW - lung KW - ex vivo Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-66119 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hohenstein, Melanie T1 - Untersuchungen zur Biomechanik unterschiedlicher Beugesehnennahtmaterialien und -methoden T1 - Biomechanical analysis of different methods and materials for flexor tendon repair N2 - Tensile strength of flexor tendon repair using barbed suture material in a dynamic ex vivo model. The purpose of this study was to compare two sutures; a knotted polydioxane with a knotless barbed in a 4-strand Kirchmayr-Kessler suture technique. Human flexor digitorum tendons were separated into four groups. Group 1 - polydioxane; Group 2 - barbed suture; Group 3 and 4 - same as group 1 and 2 with an additional peripheral running suture. In each group the repaired tendons were subjected to linear and cyclical loads. No difference in maximum tensile strength after linear and cyclical force could be detected between the knotted polydioxane suture and the knotless barbed suture. On linear force tests an additional circumferential repair increased the maximum tensile strength of both sutures. Cyclical force loading did not lead to a reduction of maximum strength. Following linear and cyclical loading the 4-strand barbed suture achieved maximum tensile strengths comparable to the 4-strand repair using the polydioxane suture. Barbed suture repair may offer the advantage of knotless suture techniques. N2 - In einem ex vivo Modell wurde die Stabilität verschiedener Beugesehnennähte mit unterschiedlichen Nahtmaterialien und -methoden verglichen. Darunter eine knotenlose Technik mit Nahtmaterial mit Widerhaken. Des weiteren wurde der Stabilitätsvorteil durch eine zusätzliche Feinadaptionsnaht getestet. Angelehnt an eine frühe postoperative aktive Nachbehandlung wurde auch ein dynamisches Testmodell mit zyklischer Vorbelastung angewendet. KW - barbed suture KW - dynamic testing KW - ex vivo KW - Tensile strength KW - Tenorrhaphy KW - Beugesehnennaht KW - Nahtmaterial mit Widerhaken KW - knotenlose Sehnennaht Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139848 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heydarian, Motaharehsadat A1 - Rühl, Eva A1 - Rawal, Ravisha A1 - Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera T1 - Tissue models for Neisseria gonorrhoeae research — from 2D to 3D JF - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology N2 - Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a human-specific pathogen that causes gonorrhea, the second most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Disease progression, drug discovery, and basic host-pathogen interactions are studied using different approaches, which rely on models ranging from 2D cell culture to complex 3D tissues and animals. In this review, we discuss the models used in N. gonorrhoeae research. We address both in vivo (animal) and in vitro cell culture models, discussing the pros and cons of each and outlining the recent advancements in the field of three-dimensional tissue models. From simple 2D monoculture to complex advanced 3D tissue models, we provide an overview of the relevant methodology and its application. Finally, we discuss future directions in the exciting field of 3D tissue models and how they can be applied for studying the interaction of N. gonorrhoeae with host cells under conditions closely resembling those found at the native sites of infection. KW - ex vivo KW - biomimetic tissue models KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - in vivo KW - in vitro Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-263046 SN - 2235-2988 VL - 12 ER -