TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heydarian, Motaharehsadat
A1  - Schweinlin, Matthias
A1  - Schwarz, Thomas
A1  - Rawal, Ravisha
A1  - Walles, Heike
A1  - Metzger, Marco
A1  - Rudel, Thomas
A1  - Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera
T1  - Triple co-culture and perfusion bioreactor for studying the interaction between Neisseria gonorrhoeae and neutrophils: A novel 3D tissue model for bacterial infection and immunity
JF  - Journal of Tissue Engineering
N2  - Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is characterized by a large number of neutrophils recruited to the site of infection. Therefore, proper modeling of the N. gonorrhoeae interaction with neutrophils is very important for investigating and understanding the mechanisms that gonococci use to evade the immune response. We have used a combination of a unique human 3D tissue model together with a dynamic culture system to study neutrophil transmigration to the site of N. gonorrhoeae infection. The triple co-culture model consisted of epithelial cells (T84 human colorectal carcinoma cells), human primary dermal fibroblasts, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells on a biological scaffold (SIS). After the infection of the tissue model with N. gonorrhoeae, we introduced primary human neutrophils to the endothelial side of the model using a perfusion-based bioreactor system. By this approach, we were able to demonstrate the activation and transmigration of neutrophils across the 3D tissue model and their recruitment to the site of infection. In summary, the triple co-culture model supplemented by neutrophils represents a promising tool for investigating N. gonorrhoeae and other bacterial infections and interactions with the innate immunity cells under conditions closely resembling the native tissue environment.
KW  - Triple co-culture
KW  - biomimetic 3D tissue model
KW  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae
KW  - perfusion-based bioreactor system
KW  - neutrophil transmigration
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-259032
VL  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heydarian, Motaharehsadat
A1  - Rühl, Eva
A1  - Rawal, Ravisha
A1  - Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera
T1  - Tissue models for Neisseria gonorrhoeae research — from 2D to 3D
JF  - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
N2  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a human-specific pathogen that causes gonorrhea, the second most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Disease progression, drug discovery, and basic host-pathogen interactions are studied using different approaches, which rely on models ranging from 2D cell culture to complex 3D tissues and animals. In this review, we discuss the models used in N. gonorrhoeae research. We address both in vivo (animal) and in vitro cell culture models, discussing the pros and cons of each and outlining the recent advancements in the field of three-dimensional tissue models. From simple 2D monoculture to complex advanced 3D tissue models, we provide an overview of the relevant methodology and its application. Finally, we discuss future directions in the exciting field of 3D tissue models and how they can be applied for studying the interaction of N. gonorrhoeae with host cells under conditions closely resembling those found at the native sites of infection.
KW  - ex vivo
KW  - biomimetic tissue models
KW  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae
KW  - in vivo
KW  - in vitro
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-263046
SN  - 2235-2988
VL  - 12
ER  -