TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kneissl, Sabrina
A1  - Abel, Tobias
A1  - Rasbach, Anke
A1  - Brynza, Julia
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Jürgen
A1  - Buchholz, Christian J.
T1  - Measles Virus Glycoprotein-Based Lentiviral Targeting Vectors That Avoid Neutralizing Antibodies
JF  - PLoS One
N2  - Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are potent gene transfer vehicles frequently applied in research and recently also in clinical trials. Retargeting LV entry to cell types of interest is a key issue to improve gene transfer safety and efficacy. Recently, we have developed a targeting method for LVs by incorporating engineered measles virus (MV) glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin (H), responsible for receptor recognition, and the fusion protein into their envelope. The H protein displays a single-chain antibody (scFv) specific for the target receptor and is ablated for recognition of the MV receptors CD46 and SLAM by point mutations in its ectodomain. A potential hindrance to systemic administration in humans is pre-existing MV-specific immunity due to vaccination or natural infection. We compared transduction of targeting vectors and non-targeting vectors pseudotyped with MV glycoproteins unmodified in their ectodomains (MV-LV) in presence of \(\alpha\)-MV antibody-positive human plasma. At plasma dilution 1: 160 MV-LV was almost completely neutralized, whereas targeting vectors showed relative transduction efficiencies from 60% to 90%. Furthermore, at plasma dilution 1: 80 an at least 4-times higher multiplicity of infection (MOI) of MV-LV had to be applied to obtain similar transduction efficiencies as with targeting vectors. Also when the vectors were normalized to their p24 values, targeting vectors showed partial protection against \(\alpha\)-MV antibodies in human plasma. Furthermore, the monoclonal neutralizing antibody K71 with a putative epitope close to the receptor binding sites of H, did not neutralize the targeting vectors, but did neutralize MV-LV. The observed escape from neutralization may be due to the point mutations in the H ectodomain that might have destroyed antibody binding sites. Furthermore, scFv mediated cell entry via the target receptor may proceed in presence of a-MV antibodies interfering with entry via the natural MV receptors. These results are promising for in vivo applications of targeting vectors in humans.
KW  - vivo
KW  - gene delivery
KW  - hemagglutinin
KW  - cells
KW  - neurovirulence
KW  - encephalitis
KW  - transduction
KW  - domain
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-134993
VL  - 7
IS  - 10
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Whisnant, Adam W.
A1  - Jürges, Christopher S.
A1  - Hennig, Thomas
A1  - Wyler, Emanuel
A1  - Prusty, Bhupesh
A1  - Rutkowski, Andrzej J.
A1  - L'hernault, Anne
A1  - Djakovic, Lara
A1  - Göbel, Margarete
A1  - Döring, Kristina
A1  - Menegatti, Jennifer
A1  - Antrobus, Robin
A1  - Matheson, Nicholas J.
A1  - Künzig, Florian W. H.
A1  - Mastrobuoni, Guido
A1  - Bielow, Chris
A1  - Kempa, Stefan
A1  - Liang, Chunguang
A1  - Dandekar, Thomas
A1  - Zimmer, Ralf
A1  - Landthaler, Markus
A1  - Grässer, Friedrich
A1  - Lehner, Paul J.
A1  - Friedel, Caroline C.
A1  - Erhard, Florian
A1  - Dölken, Lars
T1  - Integrative functional genomics decodes herpes simplex virus 1
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - The predicted 80 open reading frames (ORFs) of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) have been intensively studied for decades. Here, we unravel the complete viral transcriptome and translatome during lytic infection with base-pair resolution by computational integration of multi-omics data. We identify a total of 201 transcripts and 284 ORFs including all known and 46 novel large ORFs. This includes a so far unknown ORF in the locus deleted in the FDA-approved oncolytic virus Imlygic. Multiple transcript isoforms expressed from individual gene loci explain translation of the vast majority of ORFs as well as N-terminal extensions (NTEs) and truncations. We show that NTEs with non-canonical start codons govern the subcellular protein localization and packaging of key viral regulators and structural proteins. We extend the current nomenclature to include all viral gene products and provide a genome browser that visualizes all the obtained data from whole genome to single-nucleotide resolution. Here, using computational integration of multi-omics data, the authors provide a detailed transcriptome and translatome of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), including previously unidentified ORFs and N-terminal extensions. The study also provides a HSV-1 genome browser and should be a valuable resource for further research.
KW  - infected-cell protein
KW  - messenger RNA
KW  - binding protein
KW  - type 1
KW  - identification
KW  - ICP27
KW  - translation
KW  - expression
KW  - sequence
KW  - domain
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229884
VL  - 11
ER  -