TY  - JOUR
A1  - Siwka, Wieslaw
A1  - Schwinn, Andreas
A1  - Baczko, Knut
A1  - Pardowitz, Iancu
A1  - Mhalu, Fred
A1  - Shao, John
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
T1  - vpu and env sequence variability of HIV-1 isolates from Tanzania
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61355
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Flechsig, Christin
T1  - Untersuchung von Modifiziertem Vaccinia Ankara Virus (MVA) zur Induktion Cytomegalovirus (CMV) spezifischer T-Zell-Antworten
T1  - Investigation on modified vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA) for induction of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) specific T cell responses
N2  - Eine Infektion mit dem humanen Cytomegalievirus ist immer noch eine der häufigsten und bedrohlichsten Komplikationen nach einer allogenen Stammzelltransplantation (SCT), welche eine hohe Morbidität und Mortalität verursacht. Die prophylaktische oder preämptive antivirale Chemotherapie konnte den frühen Ausbruch einer CMV-Erkrankung während der ersten 100 Tage nach SCT signifikant reduzieren, jedoch kommt es dadurch häufig zu einem späten Ausbruch der CMV-Erkrankung und schwerwiegenden Nebenwirkungen wie Myelotoxizität und Nephrotoxizität. Zur Bekämpfung und Langzeitkontrolle einer CMV-Infektion ist eine effiziente zellvermittelte CMV-spezifische Immunität unabdingbar. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation, wurden deshalb drei CMV-Vakzinkandidaten basierend auf dem hoch attenuierten Modifizierten Vaccinia Ankara Virus (MVA), welche stabil pp65 und/oder IE1 (MVA-IE1, MVA-pp65, and MVA-IE1-pp65) exprimieren und zugleich frei von Selektionsmarkern sind, auf ihre Fähigkeit hin untersucht CMV-spezifische T-Zellantworten zu induzieren. Als erstes wurden humane mononukleäre Zellen des periphären Blutes (PBMCs) und Leukozytensubpopulationen (aus Monozyten generierte dendritische Zellen (DCs), Monozyten und B-Zellen) mit MVA infiziert um deren Infektionsrate, Veränderungen in der Expression der Oberflächenmarker und der Zytokinexpression sowie deren Apoptoserate zu untersuchen. Monozyten, DCs und B-Zellen waren besonders empfänglich für eine MVA-Infektion, gefolgt von NK-Zellen. Monozyten wurden stark aktiviert, was sich durch eine erhöhte Expression der kostimulatorischen Moleküle, MHC-Komplexe und CCR7 zeigte, wohingegen DCs eine inkomplette Aktivierung vorwiesen und B-Zellen gehemmt wurden. Des Weiteren wurde die Expression von CXCL10, TNFa, IL-6 und IL-12 signifikant in den Antigen-präsentierenden Zellen (APCs) erhöht, aber die von IL-1b und IL-10 blieb unverändert oder wurde sogar signifikant reduziert. MVA induzierte also eine Th1-polarisierenden Zytokinexpression in den APCs. Allerdings konnten CMV-spezifische T-Zellen nicht mit direkter Antigenpräsentation durch DCs expandiert werden, da die DCs nach Infektion mit MVA schnell durch Apoptose starben und eine unzureichende Expression der kostimulatorischen Moleküle und MHC-Komplexe aufwiesen. Vielmehr konnte gezeigt werden, dass die erfolgreiche Expansion CMV-spezifischer T-Zellen mittels Kreuzpräsentation von Antigenen MVA-infizierter Leukozyten durch DCs erfolgte. Die Phagozytose von apoptotischen Material von MVA-infizierten Leukozyten mit anschließender Antigenprozessierung induzierte eine vollständige Ausreifung der DCs in vitro einhergehend mit erhöhter IL-12-Expression, was erheblich zu einer erfolgreiche T-Zell-Stimulation und –Expansion beitrug. Neben pp65-spezifischen T-Zellen wurden auch IE1-spezifische T-Zellen expandiert, wenn auch in einem geringeren Ausmaß. Der größte Teil der expandierten T-Zellen wies einen Effektor-Gedächtnis-(EM)-Phänotyp auf. Ein kleinerer Anteil besaß jedoch einen zentralen Gedächtnis-(CM)-Phänotyp, welcher bekannt ist für eine Langzeitpersistenz und eine erfolgreiche Etablierung eines T-Zell-Gedächtnis-Pools. Darüber hinaus wurden keine Vaccinia-spezifischen T-Zellen der pockengeimpften Spender expandiert. Wodurch ist die Immunogenität der CMV-Antigene nicht beeinträchtigt ist. Die drei untersuchten MVA-CMV-Vakzinkandidaten erfüllen alle Stabilitäts-, Immunogenitäts- und Sicherheitsbestimmungen der Europäischen Arzneimittelbehörde (EMEA) für virale Vektorimpfstoffe und sind deshalb bereit für die cGMP-Produktion und anschließende klinische Prüfung.
N2  - Infection with human Cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains one of the most frequent and life threatening complications after allogenic stem cell transplantation (SCT) causing serious morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic or preemptive antiviral chemotherapy could significantly reduce the early onset of CMV disease during the first 100 days after SCT but at the expense of an increasing late onset CMV disease and severe side effects like myelotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. An efficient cell mediated CMV specific immunity is crucial to eradicate CMV for long-term control of CMV infection. In the scope of this dissertation, three CMV vaccine candidates based on the highly attenuated modified vaccinia Ankara Virus (MVA) with stable expression of pp65 and/or IE1 (MVA-IE1, MVA-pp65, and MVA-IE1-pp65) without any selection marker were examined for the induction of CMV-specific T cell responses. At first, Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and leukocyte subpopulations (monocyte derived dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes and B cells) were infected with MVA in order to evaluate their infection rate, changes in surface markers, cytokine expression and apoptosis. Monocytes, DCs and B cells were most susceptible to MVA infection followed by NK cells. Monocytes were activated strongly with upregulation of costimulatory molecules, MHC-complexes and CCR7 while DCs showed an incomplete activation and B cells were inhibited. Furthermore, expression of CXCL10, TNFa, IL-6 and IL-12 were enhanced in antigen presenting cells (APCs) but IL-1b and IL-10 were stable or even downregulated. Thus, MVA seems to induce a Th1-polarizing cytokine expression in APCs. However, successful expansion of CMV specific T cells could not be achieved via direct antigen presentation by DCs, as the DCs died fast after infection with MVA by apoptosis and displayed an insufficient expression of costimulatory molecules and MHC-complexes. Rather, it could be shown that successful expansion of CMV specific T cells is achieved via cross presentation of antigens from MVA infected leukocytes by bystander DCs. Phagocytosis of apoptotic material from MVA infected leukocytes and subsequent antigen processing induced a full maturation of DCs in vitro with upregulation of IL-12 expression and hence, makes a considerable contribution to a successful T cell stimulation and expansion. In addition to pp65 specific T cells, also IE1 specific T cell could be expanded but to a lower extend. The major part of expanded T cells displayed an effector memory (EM) phenotype. However, the minor part of expanded T cells displayed a central memory (CM) phenotype, which is known for long-term persistence and successful establishment of a memory T cell pool. Moreover, vaccinia specific T cells of smallpox vaccinated donors could not be expanded. Thus, the immunogenicity to the CMV antigens is not impaired. The MVA-CMV vaccine candidates fulfill all terms of stability, immunogenicity, and safety of the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) for viral vector vaccines. Therefore, the MVA-CMV vaccine candidates are ready for cGMP production and subsequent clinical trials.
KW  - Zielzelle <Immunologie>
KW  - Virologie
KW  - Impfstoff
KW  - Vaccinia-Virus
KW  - Cytomegalie
KW  - Modifiziertes Vaccinia Ankara Virus
KW  - IE1
KW  - pp65
KW  - Impfvektor
KW  - Kreuzpräsentation
KW  - Dendritische Zellen
KW  - Cytomegalie-Virus
KW  - modified vaccinia Ankara virus
KW  - IE1
KW  - pp65
KW  - vaccine vector
KW  - cross presentation
KW  - dendritic cells
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-57637
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Serfling, Edgar
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - Transcription factor AP-1 modulates the activity of the human foamy virus long terminal repeat
N2  - The human foamy virus (HFV) contains within the UJ region of its long terminal repeat (L TR) three perfect consensus sequences for the binding of the inducible transcription factor AP-1. Results of DNase I footprint protection and gel retardation assays demonstrated that proteins in extracts of HeLa and BHK-21 cells as weil as bacterially expressed Jun and Fos proteins bind to these AP-1 sites. By conducting transient expression assays using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase plasmids carrying LTR sequences with point-mutated AP-1 sites it was found that the three AP-1 sites contribute to the optimal activity ofthe HFV promoter. It is shown that lnduction of the HFV L TR by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and serum factors is mediated through the AP-1 sites.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1991
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61444
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Mori, Kazuyasu
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
T1  - Transacting transcriptional activation of human spumaretrovirus LTR in infected cells
N2  - The long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human spumaretrovirus (HSRV) was examined with respect to its ability to function as transcriptional promotor in virus-infected and uninfected cells. Transient transfections using a plasmid in which the 3' L TR of HSRV was coupled to the bacterial chloramphenicol cetyltransferase (cat) gene revealed that the Ievei of HSRV LTR-directed cat gene expression was markedly increased in HSRV-infected cells compared to uninfected cells. Northern blot analysis of cat mRNA from transfected cultures suggests that transactivation of HSRVdirected gene expression occurs at the transcriptionallevel.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1990
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61488
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Erlwein, Otto
A1  - Baunach, Gerald
A1  - Mauerer, Bernd
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
T1  - The transcriptional transactivator of human foamy virus maps to the bel 1 genomic region
N2  - The human foamy virus (HFV) genome possesses three open reading frames (bel I, 2, and 3) located between env and the 3' long terminal repeat. By analogy to other human retroviruses this region was selected as the most Iikely candidate to encode the viral transactivator. ResuIts presented here confirmed this and showed further that a deletion introduced only into the bell open reading frame of a plasmid derived from an infectious molecular clone of HFV abolished transactivation. In contrast, deletions in bel 2 and bel 3 had only minor effects on the ability to transactivate. The role of the bel I genomic region as a transactivator was further investigated by eukaryotic expression of a genome fragment of HFV spanning the bel I open reading frame. A construct expressing bell under control of a heterologous promoter was found to transactivate the HFV long terminal repeat in a dose-dependent fashion. Furthermore, it is shown that the U3 region of the HFV long terminal repeat is sufficient to respond to the HFV transactivator.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1991
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47342
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gow, J. W.
A1  - Simpson, K.
A1  - Schliephake, Andreas
A1  - Behan, W. M.
A1  - Morrison, L. J.
A1  - Cavanagh, H.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Behan, P. O.
T1  - Search for retrovirus in the chronic fatigue syndrome
N2  - Aim: To examine peripheral blood and skeletal muscle from patients with chronic fadgue syndrome for exogenous retrovirus. Methods: Blood samples from 30 patients and muscle biopsy specimens of 15 patients were examined for retroviral sequences by DNA extraction, polymerase chain reacdon (PCR), and Southern blotting hybridisation. Sera were examined for human foamy virus by western immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence techniques. Results: No difference between the padent and control populations was found for any of the PCR primer sets used (gag, pol, env, and tax regions of HTLV VII). An endogenous gag band was observed in both the padent and control groups. All sera were negative for antibody to human foamy virus. Conclusion: The results indicate that there is no evidence of retroviral involvement in the chronic fatigue syndrome.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1992
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61436
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jocher, R.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Kappos, L.
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
T1  - Search for retroviral sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and brain tissue of multiple sclerosis patients
N2  - DNAs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 21 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 1 patient with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) as well as DNAs from brain and spinal cord of 5 MS cases and 3 controls were examined for human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-related sequences by polymerase chain reaction. The primers used were derived from the HTLV-1 gag, env and tax genes. Amplified products were separated on agarase gels, blotted onto nylon membranes and hybridized to specific radiolabelled oligonucleotides. The sensitivity of amplification and hybridization was one copy of target DNA in 10\8^5\) cellular genomes. None of the specimens was positive for HTLV-1 sequences except the TSP probe. These negative data are all the more significant because brain -material from MS patients was used in these studies. Our studies thus fail to support speculations that HTLV-I is involved in the aetiology of multiple sclerosis.
KW  - Virologie
KW  - Multiple sclerosis
KW  - HTLV-I
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
Y1  - 1990
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61462
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Segev, Y.
A1  - Rager-Zisman, B.
A1  - Isakov, N.
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
A1  - Udem, S. A.
A1  - Segal, S.
A1  - Wolfson, M.
T1  - Reversal of measles virus mediated increase of phosphorylating activity in persistently infected mouse neuroblastoma cells by anti measles antibodies
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62362
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Liebert, U. G.
A1  - Baczko, K.
A1  - Cattaneo, R.
A1  - Billeter, M.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Restriction of measles virus gene expression in acute and subacute encephalitis in Lewis rats
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1989
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62266
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Liebert, U. G.
A1  - Baczko, K.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Restricted expression of measles virus in primary rat astroglial cells
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1990
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62283
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hartl, Maximilian J.
A1  - Bodem, Jochen
A1  - Jochheim, Fabian
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Rösch, Paul
A1  - Wöhrl, Birgitta M.
T1  - Regulation of foamy virus protease activity by viral RNA
JF  - Retrovirology
N2  - No abstract available.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-142248
VL  - 8
IS  - Suppl. 1
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hahn, Heidi
A1  - Baunach, Gerald
A1  - Bräutigam, Sandra
A1  - Mergia, Ayalew
A1  - Neumann-Haefelin, Dieter
A1  - Daniel, Muthiah D.
A1  - McClure, Myra O.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - Reactivity of primate sera to foamy virus Gag and Bet proteins
N2  - In order to establish criteria for the Serodiagnosis of foamy virus infections we investigated the extent to which sera from iofected individuals of human and primate origin react with structural and non-structural virus proteins in immunoblot assays. Using lysates from infected cells as the source of virus antigen, antibodies were preferentially detected against the Gag proteins and the non-structural Bet protein. Both the Gag precursor molecules of 70 and 74K apparent M\(_r\) and the cytoplasmic 60K M\(_r\) Bet protein were found to be phosphorylated, the latter being synthesized in large amounts in infected cells. Rahbit antiserum raised against recombinant human foamy virus (HFV) Gag major capsid protein cross-reacted with foamy viruses of chimpanzee, gorilla, orang-utan, rhesus monkey and Mrican green monkey origin. This was reßected by a broad cross-reactivity of the respective monkey sera to the Gag proteins of the various foamy virus isolates. Cross-reactivity of antisera against the Bet protein was restricted to viruses from man and the great apes. Recombinant Gag and Bet proteins expressed in prokaryotes or in insect cells were readily recognized by foamy virus-positive primate sera. Screening serum samples from chimpanzees with HFV Gag and Bet proteins expressed by recombinant baculoviruses revealed that 18 out of 35 (52%) were positive for Gag antibodies. Of these, 13 (72 o/o) showed antiborlies against the Bet protein, indicating that Bet antigen is of value in sero1ogical screening for foamy virus infections.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61366
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bothe, Katrin
A1  - Aguzzi, Adriano
A1  - Lassmann, Hans
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Horak, Ivan
T1  - Progressive encephalopathy and myopathy in transgenic mice expressing human foamy virus genes
N2  - Transgenie mice carrying the bel region of human foamy retrovirus (HFV) under transcriptional control of its own long terminal repeat expressed tbe transgene in their centrat nervous systems and in smootb and striated muscle tissues. The animals developed a progressive degenerative disease of tbe centrat nervous system and of the striated muscle. Because expression of tbe transgene was dosely correlated witb the appearance of structural damage and inflammatory reactions were scanty, the disease is likely to be caused directly by tbe HFV proteins. These unexpected findings call for a reevaluation of tbe patbogenic potential of HFV in humans.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1991
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61453
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Flügel, Rolf M.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Darai, Gholamreza
T1  - Nucleotide sequence analysis of the env gene and its flanking regions of the human spumaretrovirus reveals two novel genes
N2  - Recombinant clonesthat represent the 3' part ofthe genome of the human spumaretrovirus (foamy virus) were established from viral DNA and from DNA complementary to viral RNA. The recombinant clones were characterized by blot hybridizations and nucleotide sequence analysis. The deduced protein sequence of the clones at their 5' ends was found to be homologous to the 3' domain of retroviral reverse transcriptases. Downstream of a small intergerne pol-env region a long open reading frame of 985 amino acid residues was identified that according to its genomic location, size, glycosylation signals, and hydrophobicity protile closely resembles the lentiviral env genes. The spumaretroviral env gene is followed by two open reading frames, termed bel-l and bel-2 which are located between env and the long terminal repeat region. The long terminal repeat of 1259 nucleotides is preceded by a polypurine tract and contains the canonical signal sequences characteristic for transcriptional regulation of retroviruses. The provisional classitication of the spumaretrovirus subfamily is discussed.
KW  - Virologie
KW  - foamy retrovirus
KW  - DNA sequence
KW  - reverse transcriptase
KW  - transmembrane protein
Y1  - 1987
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61509
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Flügel, Rolf M.
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Bannert, Helmut
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Schnitzler, Paul
A1  - Darai, Gholamreza
T1  - Nucleotide sequence analysis of a cloned DNA fragment from human cells reveals homology to retrotransposons
N2  - During molecular cloning of proviral DNA of human. spumaretroVirus, various recombinant clones were estabUshed and analyzed. Blot hybridization revealed that one of the recoinbinant plasmids bad the characteristic features of a member of the long interspersed repetitive sequences famlly. The DNA element was analyzed by restrictioil mapping and nuelootide sequencing. It showed a high degree of amino acid sequence homology of 54.3% when conipared with the 5'-terminal part of the pol gelie product of the murine retrotransposon LIMd. The 3' region of the cloned DNA element encodes proteins witb an even higher degree of homology of 67.4% in comparison to the corresponding parts of a member of the primate Kpnl sequence family.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1987
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61525
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schliephake, Andreas W.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - Nuclear Localization of Foamy Virus Gag Precursor Protein
N2  - All foamy viruses give rise to a strong nuclear staining when infected cells are reacted with sera from infected hosts. This nuclear ftuorescence distinguishes foamy viruses from all other retroviruses. The experiments reported here indicate that the foamy virus Gag precursor protein is transiently located in the nuclei of infected cells and this is the likely reason for the typical foamy virus nuclear fluorescence. By using the vaccinia virus expression system, a conserved basic sequence motif in the nucleocapsid domain of foamy virus Cag proteins was identified to be responsible for the nuclear transport of the gag precursor molecule. Tbis motif was also found to be able to direct a heterologous protein, the Gag protein of human immunodeficiency virus, into the nucleus.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61371
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schnorr, J. J.
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Simon-Jödicke, A.
A1  - Pavlovic, J.
A1  - Horisberger, M. A.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - MxA dependent inhibition of Measles Virus glycoprotein synthesis in a stably transfected human monocytic cell line
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1993
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62353
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Müller, JG
A1  - Stahl-Hennig, C.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Kneitz, C.
A1  - Kerkau, T.
A1  - Schmauser, B.
A1  - Schindler, C.
A1  - Krenn, V.
A1  - terMeulen, V.
A1  - Müller-Hermelink, HK
T1  - Morphologische Untersuchungen von Lymphknoten und Thymusin der Frühphase der SIV-Infektion bei Rhesus-Affen
T1  - Morphological alterations of lymph nodes and thymus during the early course of SIV infection of rhesus monkeys
N2  - Rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta) were i.v. infected with SIV mac251. Three phases of lymph node changes were observed. 1: physiological follicular hyperplasia (3 and 6 weeks p.i.). 2: Alterations of germinal centers: loss of follicular mande zone, fragmentation or sclerosis (12 and 24 weeks p.i.). 3: Partial depletion of T-lymphocytes, accumulation of plasma cells, increased numbers of syncytial giant cells, hemophgocytosis in the sinuses (ab out 1 year p.i.). The thymus of the juvenile animals showed first changes 12 and 24 weeks after infection with focalloss of immature (and Ki-67 positive) cortical thymocytes, leading to severe accidental involution of the thymuses one year after infection and reduced numbers of Hassalls corpuscles. These investigations show the value of this animal model for the study of morphology and pathogenesis of AIDS.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1991
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80210
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Darai, G.
A1  - Rösen, A.
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Flügel, Rolf M.
T1  - Molecular cloning of the genome of human spumaretrovirus
N2  - DNA ofhuman spumaretrovirus (HSRV) was cloned from both cDNA and from viral DNA into phage A and bacterial plasmid vectors. The recombinant plasm.ids harboring viral DNA were characterized by Southern blot hybridization and restriction mapping. Physical maps were constructed from cDNA and found to be colinear with the restriction maps obtained from viral DNA. The recombinant clones isolated contained viral DNA inserts which rangein size from 2.2 kb to 15.4 kb. The recombinant clones allowed to construct a physical map of the complete HSRV provirus of 12.2 kb.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1987
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61518
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Liebert, UG
A1  - Baczko, K,
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Molecular Biological Analysis of Measles Virus Gene Expression in the CNS of Acutely and Persistently Infected Rat Brain Cells
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1988
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-81784
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Müller, J. G.
A1  - Czub, S.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Müller-Hermelink, H. K.
T1  - Korrelation von Organpathologie und Verteilung virusreplizierenderZellen, nachgewiesen mit der RNA in situ Hybridisierungwährend der SIVmac-Infektion von Macaca mulatta
T1  - Correlation of Organ Pathology and Distribution of SIV detected by in situ Hybridization during SIVmac Infection of Macaca mulatta
N2  - No abstract available
N2  - 22 juvenile rhesus macaques were infected i.v. with SIVmac and killed at defined timepoints after infection. Productively infected cells were detected by RNA in situ hybridization in the paraffin material. Their number was correlated with the pathology of lymph nodes, thymus, extranodallymphatic parenchyma and other organs. In the first weeks alllymphatic tissues and compartiments got infected, as weil as the brain, the bone marrow and other organs. The high virus replication during this first phase dissappeared with the onset of the seroconversion and remained low during all stages of atrophy of the lymphatic parenchyma. The atrophy of the lymphatic parenchyma and its microenvironment was not correlated with virus replication. This may implicate that a virostatic therapy might be more succesfull in the first weeks of infection.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47331
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Baunach, Gerald
A1  - Netzer, Kai O.
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Borisch, Bettina
A1  - ter Meulen, V.olker
T1  - Infectious DNA of the human spumaretrovirus
N2  - An infectious molecular clone (pHSRV) of the human Spumaretrovirus (HSRV) was constructed using viral DNA and cDNA clones. The infectivity of pHSRV was proven by transfection of cell cultures and subsequent infection of susceptible cultures with cell free transfection derlved virus. pHSRV derived virus produced foamy virus typical cytopathic effects in susceptible cultures. lnfected cells could be stained specifically with foamy virus antisera by means of indirect immunofluorescence. Radiolmmunoprecipltatlon revealed the presence of characteristic HSRV structural proteins in pHSRV infected cultures. By cotransfection of pHSRV and an indicator plasmid it was found that pHSRV is able to transactivate the viral L TR. Viral transcripts were found to be approximately 200 bases Ionger in pHSRV infected cultures compared to wildtype infected cultures. This difference is most likely due to an Insertion of DNA of non-viral origin ln the U3 region of the 3'L TR of the infectious clone.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1990
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61495
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brinkmann, R.
A1  - Schwinn, A.
A1  - Müller, J.
A1  - Stahl-Hennig, C.
A1  - Coulibaly, C.
A1  - Hunsmann, G.
A1  - Czub, S.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Dörries, R.
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
T1  - In vitro and in vivo infection of rhesus monkey microglial cells by simian immunodeficiency virus
N2  - The observation that microglial cells in brain tissue are probably a major target for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has raised interest in the pathogenic role of this cell population for the development of neuro-AIOS. Since it is very difficult to obtain microglia from normal or diseased human brain we studied microglial cells isolated from fresh brain tissue of uninfected and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infected rhesus monkeys (Macacca mulatta) in comparison to peripheral blood macrophages. Besides the characterization of the phenotypes of these two cell populations, we examined the replication of SIV in the cells in addition to the effect of viral infection on the expression of cell surface molecules. We found that microglia and macrophages support replication of the wild-type SIV\(_{mac25}\), strain as well as the infectious clone (SIV\(_239\)). Infectious viruswas produced and a CPE developed. Isolated microglial cells from SIV-infected monkeys were latently infected independent of the presence of neuropathological lesions and produced infectious virus after 20-25 days in culture. In situ hybridization revealed that only a small percentage of isolated microglial cells are productively infected in vivo, yet the majority of these expressed MHC class II molecules. This indicated a state of activation that is acquired in vivo. These findings indicate that microglia are a prime target cell for SIV infection in CNS tissue.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1993
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61415
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Netzer, Kai O.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - ter Meulen, Volker
T1  - Identification of the major immunogenic structural proteins of human foamy virus
N2  - We have identified the major immunogenic structural proteins of the human foamy virus (HFV), a distinct member of the foamy virus subfamily of Retroviridae. Radiolabelied viral proteins were immunoprecipitated from HFV -infected cells by foamy virus antisera of human and non-human primate origin. Precipitated viral proteins were in the range of 31 K to 170K. Labelling of proteins with [\(^{14}\)C]glucosamine or with [\(^{35}\)S]methionine in the presence oftunicamycin, as well as endo-ß-N-acetylglycosaminidase Hand F treatment of [\(^{35}\)S]methionine-labelled proteins, revealed three viral glycoproteins of approximately 170K, 130K and 47K, most likely representing the env gene-encoded precursor, the surface glycoprotein and the transmembrane protein of HFV, respectively.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1990
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61477
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Netzer, Kai O.
A1  - Schliephake, Andreas
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Watanabe, Rihito
A1  - Aguzzi, Adriano
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - Identification of pol-related gene products of human foamy virus
N2  - Human foamy viruspol gene fragments were molecularly cloned into a procaryotic expression vector. The expression pattern of the cloned fragments and nucleotide sequence analysis of the 5' pol gene region revealed that in HFV the protease (PR) is located in the pol open reading frame. Purified recombinant proteins were used to generate antibodies in rats. ln immunoblot assay, using infected cells as antigen, a precursor protein with an apparent molecular mass (M,) of 127K was identified by antibodies directed against the reverse transcriptase (RT), RNaseH, or integrase (IN) domeins of pol. With concentrated virus as antigen, the RT and RNaseH antibodies recognized a protein of 80K, the IN antiserum recognized a protein of 40K, and the PR antiserum detected a protein of approximately 10K.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1993
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61429
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Bock, Stefanie
A1  - Gauch, Fabian
A1  - Giernat, Yannik
A1  - Hillebrand, Frank
A1  - Kozlova, Darja
A1  - Linck, Lisa
A1  - Moschall, Rebecca
A1  - Sauer, Markus
A1  - Schenk, Christian
A1  - Ulrich, Kristina
A1  - Bodem, Jochen
T1  - HIV-1 : Lehrbuch von Studenten für Studenten
T1  - HIV-1 : a textbook for students written by students
N2  - Dies ist ein Lehrbuch über die HIV-1 Replikation, Pathogenese und Therapie. Es richtet sich an Studenten der Biologie und der Medizin, die etwas mehr über HIV erfahren wollen und stellt neben virologischen Themen auch die zellulären Grundlagen dar. Es umfasst den Viruseintritt, die reverse Transkription, Genom-Integration, Transkriptionsregualtion, die Kotrolle des Spleißens, der Polyadenylierung und des RNA-Exportes. Die Darstellung wird abgerundet mit Kapiteln zum intrazellulärem Transport, zu Nef und zum Virusassembly. In zwei weiteren Kapitel wird die HIV-1 Pathogenese und die Therapie besprochen. Zur Lernkontrolle sind den Kapiteln Fragen und auch Klausurfragen angefügt.
KW  - HIV
KW  - Retroviren
KW  - Lehrbuch
KW  - Viren
KW  - Virologie
KW  - Transkription
KW  - RNS
KW  - Therapie
KW  - Pathogenese
KW  - Epidemiologie
KW  - RNA-Export
KW  - Polyadenylierung
KW  - Reverse Transkription
KW  - Transkription
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78980
SN  - 978-3-923959-90-7
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baunach, Gerald
A1  - Maurer, Bernd
A1  - Hahn, Heidi
A1  - Kranz, Manuela
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - Functional analysis of human foamy virus accessory reading frames
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1993
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61398
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hong, Liu
A1  - Bräutigam, Sandra
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - Expression of the human foamy virus bel-1 transactivator in insect cells
N2  - The human foamy virus (HFV) bel-l transactivator protein was expressed in insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus. For the generation of the recombinant baculovirus, Acbel-1, the bel-l gene of an HFV mutant was used, that bears truncations in the bel-l overlapping bel-2 open reading frame. Acbel-1 infected Sf9 cells produced high amounts of recombinant protein of the same electrophoretic mobility (36 kD) as bel-l expressed in mammalian cells. The baculovirus expressed bel-l proteinwas readily identified by a polyclonal rabbit serum directed against bel-1 in immunoblot assay. As in mammalian cells, bel-l was predominantly localized to the nucleus of Acbel-1 infected insect cells. The baculovirus expressed bel-1 proteinwill be of use to determine the action of this novel viral transactivator more precisely.
KW  - Virologie
KW  - Human foamy virus bel-l transactivator; Expression in insect cells
Y1  - 1993
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61383
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Kreth, H. W.
A1  - Hofmann, G.
A1  - Billeter, M. A.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Expression of measles virus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with measles, SSPE, and autoimmune diseases
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1991
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62297
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Aguzzi, A.
A1  - Both, K.
A1  - Anhauser, I.
A1  - Horak, I.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Wagner, EF.
T1  - Expression of human foamy virus is differentially regulated during development in transgenic mice
N2  - Tbe human foamy virus (HFV) is a recently characterized member ofthe spumavirus family. Although no diseases have been unequivocally associated with HFV infection, expression of HFV regulatory genes in transgenie mice induces a characteristic aeute neuro degenerative disease and a myopathy. To better eharaeterize the sequenee of events leading to disease, and to gain a better understanding of the underlying pathogenetic meehanisms, we have analyzed in detail the transgene expression pattern during development. Transcription of a construet containing all regulatory elements and aneillary genes of mv was analyzed by in situ hybridization and was shown to occur in two distinct phases. At midgestation, low but widespread expression was first deteeted in eells of extraembryonie tissues. Later, various tissues originating from embryonie mesoderm, neuroeetoderm, and neural erest transeribed the transgene at moderate levels. However, expression deereased dramatically during late gestation and was suppressed shortly after birth. After a latency period of up to 5 weeks, transeription of the transgene resumed in single eelJs distributed irregularly in the central nervous system and in the skeletal museIe. By the age of 8 weeks, an increasing number of eells displayed much higher expression levels than in embryonie Iife and eventually underwent severe degenerative ehanges. These findings demonstrate that HFV transgene expression is differentially regulated in development and that HFV cytotoxicity may be dose-dependent. Such biphasic pattern of expression differs from that of murine retroviruses and may be explained by the specificity of HFV regulatory elements in combination with cellular faetors. Future studies of this model system should, therefore, provide novel insights in the mechanisms controlling retrovirallatency.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1992
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-55290
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Lehmann, Christine
T1  - Die Bedeutung des Masernvirus Matrix-Proteins für die Virusfreisetzung und zelltypabhängige Unterschiede seines intrazellulären Transports
T1  - The role of measles virus matrix protein for virus release and cell type-specific differences in its intracellular transport
N2  - Die Morphogenese von Viruspartikeln und deren Freisetzung aus infizierten Zellen sind späte Schritte im viralen Lebenszyklus. Matrix-Proteine (M) negativsträngiger RNA-Viren und Retroviren, bei denen es sich um periphere Membran-assoziierte Proteine handelt, spielen für diese Prozesse eine besonders wichtige Rolle. Im Verlauf der Masernvirus (MV)-Infektion interagiert das M-Protein mit dem viralen Nukleoproteinkomplex im Innern der Viruspartikel einerseits und mit den viralen Glykoproteinen auf der Oberfläche andererseits. Die Bedeutung des MV M-Proteins für die Partikelproduktion und sein intrazellulärer Transport wurden bislang wenig untersucht. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass das MV M-Protein in höhermolekularen Komplexe oligomerisiert und transient mono-ubiquitiniert vorliegt. Beide biochemischen Eigenschaften des M-Proteins sind wahrscheinlich für die Partikelentstehung von Bedeutung, wie durch Studien an M-Protein-Orthologen anderer Viren bereits belegt wurde. Das MV M-Protein assoziierte mit Membranen und speziellen Membranmikrodomänen, sogenannten Detergenz-resistenten Membranfraktionen (DRMs), und vermittelte nach transienter Expression in Fibroblasten die Produktion Virus-ähnlicher Partikel (virus-like particles, VLPs). Es ist beschrieben, dass umhüllte Viren präferenziell aus DRMs freigesetzt werden. Die Koexpression des MV-Glykoproteins F erhöhte den Anteil mit DRM-assoziierten M-Proteins um ein Vierfaches, steigerte jedoch, wie auch das H-Protein, die Effizienz der VLP-Freisetzung nicht. Überraschenderweise waren beide jedoch selbst in der Lage VLPs zu induzieren. Die Effizienz der VLP-Produktion war gering und entsprach der der Viruspartikelfreisetzung. Dendritische Zellen (DCs) sind für MV semipermissiv. Obwohl alle viralen Proteine synthetisiert werden, wird kein infektiöses Virus freigesetzt. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die intrazelluläre Lokalisation der M-, H- und N-Proteine dramatisch von der in der produktiv infizierbaren Fibroblastenzelllinie HeLa abweicht. Während in infizierten HeLa-Zellen das M-Protein mit Lamp-1-positiven späten Endosomen kolokalisierte, akkumulierten in DCs alle untersuchten viralen Proteine in einem spät endosomalen Kompartiment, das das Tetraspanin CD81, aber nicht Lamp-1, enthielt und möglicherweise an der MHC-Klasse-II-abhängigen Antigenpräsentation beteiligt ist.
N2  - Morphogenesis of viral particles and their release from infected cells are late steps in viral life cycle. Matrix (M) proteins of negative-stranded RNA viruses and retroviruses, which are peripheral membrane-associated proteins, play a crucial role in these processes. During measles virus (MV) infection the M protein interacts both with the viral nucleoprotein complex and viral glycoproteins. So far, little is known about the importance of the MV M protein for particle production and its intracellular transport. This work shows that the MV M protein oligomerises to higher molecular complexes and is transiently mono-ubiquitinated. These biochemical properties of the protein are likely to be of importance for particle formation as has been shown in studies with M protein orthologues of other viruses. The M protein associates with membranes and specialized membrane microdomains, so called detergent-resistant membrane fractions (DRMs), and triggers the production of virus-like particles (VLPs) after transient expression in fibroblasts. It has been described that enveloped viruses preferentially bud from DRMs. Coexpression of the glycoprotein F increased the fraction of M protein associated with DRMs about four-fold, though the efficiency of VLP release was unaffected by coexpressed F and H glycoproteins, respectively. Surprisingly, both glycoproteins individually promoted VLP formation on their own. The efficiency of VLP production was low and corresponded almost exactly to that of viral particles. Dendritic cells (DCs) are semipermissive to MV infection. Though all viral proteins are synthesized, almost no infectious virus is released indicating a block in a late step of the viral life cycle. This work shows that the intracellular localization of M, H and N proteins differs dramatically from that observed in the productively infectable fibroblast HeLa cell line. While in infected HeLa cells the M protein colocalized with Lamp-1-positive late endosomes, in DCs all investigated viral proteins accumulated in a Lamp-1-negative late endosomal compartment that contained the tetraspanin CD81, which is potentially involved in MHC class II-loading and antigen presentation.
KW  - Masernvirus
KW  - Virulenz
KW  - Matrixproteine
KW  - Dendritische Zelle
KW  - Virologie
KW  - Masernvirus
KW  - Matrix-Protein
KW  - dentritische Zellen
KW  - virology
KW  - measles virus
KW  - matrix protein
KW  - dendritic cells
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-22107
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Avota, Elita
A1  - Gassert, Evelyn
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
T1  - Cytoskeletal Dynamics: Concepts in Measles Virus Replication and Immunomodulation
N2  - In common with most viruses, measles virus (MV) relies on the integrity of the cytoskeleton of its host cells both with regard to efficient replication in these cells, but also retention of their motility which favors viral dissemination. It is, however, the surface interaction of the viral glycoprotein (gp) complex with receptors present on lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DCs), that signals effective initiation of host cell cytoskeletal dynamics. For DCs, these may act to regulate processes as diverse as viral uptake and sorting, but also the ability of these cells to successfully establish and maintain functional immune synapses (IS) with T cells. In T cells, MV signaling causes actin cytoskeletal paralysis associated with a loss of polarization, adhesion and motility, which has been linked to activation of sphingomyelinases and subsequent accumulation of membrane ceramides. MV modulation of both DC and T cell cytoskeletal dynamics may be important for the understanding of MV immunosuppression at the cellular level.
KW  - Virologie
KW  - measles virus
KW  - cytoskeleton
KW  - sphingomyelinase
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-69092
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Neumann-Haefelin, D.
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
A1  - Bauer, G.
A1  - Gudat, F.
A1  - zur Hausen, H.
T1  - Characterization of a foamy virus isolated from Cercopithecus aethiops lymphoblastoid cells
N2  - A virus derived from cells of a Iymphoblastoid line originating from the lymph node of a healthy African green monkey was characterized as a typical member of the foamy virus subgroup of rctroviridac by its morphological, physicochemical, biological and biochemical properties (reverse transcriptase actvity). Besides the usual host range of foamy viruses, the isolated strain revealed a remarkable T -lymphotropism, distinguishing it from the prototypes of foamy viruses previously isolated from African green monkeys. Two foamy virus infectious are demonstrated in human contacts of the African green monkey colony, with the animal barbauring the isolate.
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1983
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61538
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Jürgen
A1  - Schuster, A.
A1  - Bayer, M.
A1  - Pavlovic, J.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Cell type specific MxA-mediated inhibition of measles virus transcription in human brain cells
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1994
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62255
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Erlwein, Otto
A1  - Rethwilm, Axel
T1  - BEL-1 transactivator responsive sequences in the long terminal repeat of human foamy virus
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1993
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61402
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hess, Michael
A1  - Stritzker, Jochen
A1  - Härtl, Barbara
A1  - Sturm, Julia
A1  - Gentschev, Ivaylo
A1  - Szalay, Aladar
T1  - Bacterial glucuronidase as general marker for oncolytic virotherapy or other biological therapies
N2  - Background: Oncolytic viral tumor therapy is an emerging field in the fight against cancer with rising numbers of clinical trials and the first clinically approved product (Adenovirus for the treatment of Head and Neck Cancer in China) in this field. Yet, until recently no general (bio)marker or reporter gene was described that could be used to evaluate successful tumor colonization and/or transgene expression in other biological therapies. Methods: Here, a bacterial glucuronidase (GusA) encoded by biological therapeutics (e.g. oncolytic viruses) was used as reporter system. Results: Using fluorogenic probes that were specifically activated by glucuronidase we could show 1) preferential activation in tumors, 2) rena l excretion of the activated fluorescent compounds and 3) reproducible detection of GusA in the serum of oncolytic vaccinia virus treated, tumor bearing mice in several tumor models. Time course studies revealed that reliable differentiation between tumor bearing and healthy mice can be done as early as 9 days post injection of the virus. Regarding the sensitivity of the newly developed assay system, we could show that a single infected tumor cell could be reliably detected in this assay. Conclusion: GusA therefore has the potential to be used as a general marker in the preclinical and clinical evaluation of (novel) biological therapies as well as being useful for the detection of rare cells such as circulating tumor cells
KW  - Virologie
KW  - beta-glucuronidase
KW  - oncolytic virus
KW  - cancer
KW  - reporter
KW  - fluorescent probe
Y1  - 2011
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-69163
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kraus, E.
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Miyasaka, M.
A1  - Tamatani, T.
A1  - Sedgwick, J.
T1  - Augmentation of major histocompatibility complex class I and ICAM-1 expression on glial cells following measles virus infection: evidence for the role of type-1 interferon
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1991
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62301
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Liebert, U. G.
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Baczko, K.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Antibody-induced restriction of viral gene expression in measles encephalitis in rats
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1990
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62271
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle
A1  - Liebert, U. G.
A1  - Rager-Zisman, B.
A1  - Wolfson, M.
A1  - ter Meulen, V.
T1  - Antibody-dependent transcriptional regulation of measles virus in persistently infected neural cells
N2  - No abstract available
KW  - Virologie
Y1  - 1992
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62329
ER  -