TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miras, Alexander D.
A1  - Seyfried, Florian
A1  - Phinikaridou, Alkystis
A1  - Andia, Marcelo E.
A1  - Christakis, Ioannis
A1  - Spector, Alan C.
A1  - Botnar, Rene M.
A1  - le Roux, Carel W.
T1  - Rats Fed Diets with Different Energy Contribution from Fat Do Not Differ in Adiposity
JF  - OBESITY FACTS
N2  - Objective: To determine whether rats reaching the same body mass, having been fed either a low-fat (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD), differ in white adipose tissue (WAT) deposition. Methods: In experiment 1, 22 Sprague-Dawley rats of the same age were divided into 11 rats with body mass below the batch median and fed a HFD, and 11 above the median and fed a LFD. In experiment 2, 20 Sprague-Dawley rats of the same age and starting body mass were randomised to either a HFD or LFD. When all groups reached similar final body mass, WAT was quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dissection, and plasma leptin. Results: In experiment 1, both groups reached similar final body mass at the same age; in experiment 2 the HFD group reached similar final body mass earlier than the LFD group. There were no significant differences in WAT as assessed by MRI or leptin between the HFD and LFD groups in both experiments. Dissection revealed a trend for higher retroperitoneal and epididymal adiposity in the HFD groups in both experiments. Conclusions: We conclude that at similar body mass, adiposity is independent of the macronutrient composition of the feeding regimen used to achieve it. (C) 2014 S Karger GmbH, Freiburg
KW  - Leptin
KW  - body fat
KW  - induced obesity
KW  - visceral fat
KW  - isocaloric intake
KW  - mass
KW  - tissue
KW  - weight-gain
KW  - metabolism
KW  - expenditure
KW  - accumulation
KW  - High-fat diet
KW  - Low-fat diet
KW  - MRI
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-115249
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dürig, Tobias
A1  - Gudmundsson, Magnús Tumi
A1  - Karmann, Sven
A1  - Zimanowski, Bernd
A1  - Dellino, Pierfrancesco
A1  - Rietze, Martin
A1  - Büttner, Ralf
T1  - Mass eruption rates in pulsating eruptions estimated from video analysis of the gas thrust-buoyancy transition-a case study of the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland
JF  - Earth, Planets and Space
N2  - The 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull volcano was characterized by pulsating activity. Discrete ash bursts merged at higher altitude and formed a sustained quasi-continuous eruption column. High-resolution near-field videos were recorded on 8-10 May, during the second explosive phase of the eruption, and supplemented by contemporary aerial observations. In the observed period, pulses occurred at intervals of 0.8 to 23.4 s (average, 4.2 s). On the basis of video analysis, the pulse volume and the velocity of the reversely buoyant jets that initiated each pulse were determined. The expansion history of jets was tracked until the pulses reached the height of transition from a negatively buoyant jet to a convective buoyant plume about 100 m above the vent. Based on the assumption that the density of the gas-solid mixture making up the pulse approximates that of the surrounding air at the level of transition from the jet to the plume, a mass flux ranging between 2.2 and 3.5 . 10\(^4\) kg/s was calculated. This mass eruption rate is in good agreement with results obtained with simple models relating plume height with mass discharge at the vent. Our findings indicate that near-field measurements of eruption source parameters in a pulsating eruption may prove to be an effective monitoring tool. A comparison of the observed pulses with those generated in calibrated large-scale experiments reveals very similar characteristics and suggests that the analysis of near-field sensors could in the future help to constrain the triggering mechanism of explosive eruptions.
KW  - image
KW  - dynamics
KW  - infrasound
KW  - entrainment
KW  - jets
KW  - plumes
KW  - source parameters
KW  - Eyjafjallajökull 2010
KW  - pulsating explosive eruptions
KW  - near-field monitoring
KW  - eruption rate
KW  - volcano
KW  - energy
KW  - models
KW  - explosive volcanism
KW  - mass
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138635
VL  - 67
IS  - 180
ER  -