TY - JOUR A1 - Wurmb, Thomas A1 - Vollmer, Tina A1 - Sefrin, Peter A1 - Kraus, Martin A1 - Happel, Oliver A1 - Wunder, Christian A1 - Steinisch, Andrias A1 - Roewer, Norbert A1 - Maier, Sebastian T1 - Monitoring of in-hospital cardiac arrest events with the focus on Automated External Defibrillators – a retrospective observational study JF - Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine N2 - Background Patients with cardiac arrest have lower survival rates, when resuscitation performance is low. In In-hospital settings the first responders on scene are usually nursing staff without rhythm analysing skills. In such cases Automated External Defibrillators (AED) might help guiding resuscitation performance. At the Wuerzburg University Hospital (Germany) an AED-program was initiated in 2007. Aim of the presented study was to monitor the impact of Automated External Defibrillators on the management of in-hospital cardiac arrest events. Methods The data acquisition was part of a continuous quality improvement process of the Wuerzburg University Hospital. For analysing the CPR performance, the chest compression rate (CCR), compression depth (CCD), the no flow fraction (NFF), time interval from AED-activation to the first compression (TtC), the time interval from AED-activation to the first shock (TtS) and the post schock pause (TtCS) were determined by AED captured data. A questionnaire was completed by the first responders. Results From 2010 to 2012 there were 359 emergency calls. From these 53 were cardiac arrests with an AED-application. Complete data were available in 46 cases. The TtC was 34 (32–52) seconds (median and IQR).The TtS was 30 (28–32) seconds (median and IQR) . The TtCS was 4 (3–6) seconds (median and IQR) . The CCD was 5.5 ± 1 cm while the CCR was 107 ± 11/min. The NFF was calculated as 41 %. ROSC was achieved in 21 patients (45 %), 8 patients (17 %) died on scene and 17 patients (37 %) were transferred under ongoing CPR to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Conclusion The TtS and TtC indicate that there is an AED-user dependent time loss. These time intervals can be markedly reduced, when the user is trained to interrupt the AED’s “chain of advices” by placing the electrode-paddles immediately on the patient’s thorax. At this time the AED switches directly to the analysing mode. Intensive training and adaption of the training contents is needed to optimize the handling of the AED in order to maximize its advantages and to minimize its disadvantages. KW - cardio-pulmonary resuscitation KW - team-training KW - chest-compression rate KW - automated external defibrillators KW - in-hospital cardiac arrest Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125756 VL - 23 IS - 87 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kraus, Martin T1 - Oszillationen der QT-Zeit nach ventrikulären Extrasystolen zur nichtinvasiven Risikostratifizierung von Patienten nach Myokardinfarkt T1 - Oscillations of the QT interval after ventricular premature beats for noninvasive risk stratification of patients after myocardial infarction N2 - Imbalancen im Bereich der autonomen Innervation des Herzens auf Sinusknotenebene zeigen sich anhand des Fehlens der „heart rate variability“ und der „heart rate turbulence“ und werden bereits zur Risikoeinschätzung von KHK-Patienten herangezogen, während Untersuchungen zur autonomen Dysbalance auf Ventrikelebene bisher kaum durchgeführt wurden. Daher war das Ziel dieser Arbeit eine Risikostratifizierung von Patienten nach einem Myokardinfarkt anhand dynamischer Veränderungen der QT-Zeit, zu denen es nach einer ventrikulären Extrasystole kommt. In der Einleitung wird die Wichtigkeit der Beachtung allgemeiner kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren erläutert. Es wird auf die Komplexität der QT-Zeit, deren beeinflussende Faktoren sowie auf den Einfluss des autonomen Nervensystems auf die Repolarisation der Herzkammern eingegangen. Im Abschnitt „Material und Methode“ und in „Auswertungen und Berechnungen“ wird das Patientenkollektiv vorgestellt, außerdem werden die Programme beschrieben, die zum Erzeugen der Daten verwendet wurden. Als Ergebnis lässt sich festhalten, dass Schlag-zu-Schlag-Analysen der QT-Zeit nach ventrikulären Extrasystolen signifikante Unterschiede aufzeigen zwischen den Patienten, die einen Follow-up von zwei Jahren nach einem Myokardinfarkt überlebt haben und denen, die während dieses Beobachtungszeitraumes aufgrund kardiovaskulärer Komplikationen verstarben. Der Aufwand, der hierfür betrieben werden muss, ist jedoch so hoch, dass diese Analysen wohl nicht zur routinemäßigen Anwendung kommen werden. N2 - Imbalance of the autonomic innervation of heart to sinus node level is shown by the lack of “heart rate variability” and “heart rate turbulence”, which are already used for risk stratification of patients with coronary artery disease, while there were hardly any investigations carried out on the autonomic imbalance at the level of the ventricle. Therefore the aim of this study was a risk stratification of patients, who had suffered myocardial infarction, based on dynamic changes of the QT interval, which occur after a ventricular premature beat. In the introduction, the importance of the observance of general cardiovascular risk factors is explained. It addresses the complexity of the QT interval, the influencing factors and the influence of the autonomic nervous system on the repolarization of the ventricles. In the section "Materials and Methods" and in "Evaluations and Calculations" the population of patients is presented, as well as the programs are described that were used to generate the data. The result can be seen therefore, that beat-to-beat measurements of the QT interval after ventricular premature beats show significant differences between those patients, who survived a follow-up of two years after myocardial infarction and those, who died during this period due to cardiovascular complications. The effort, which must be used for this purpose is so high, that these analyses will probably not be applicable as a matter of routine. KW - QT-Zeit KW - Herzinfarkt KW - Vegetatives Nervensystem KW - Oszillationen der QT-Zeit KW - Oscillation of QT interval Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45236 ER -