TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heydarian, Motaharehsadat
A1  - Rühl, Eva
A1  - Rawal, Ravisha
A1  - Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera
T1  - Tissue models for Neisseria gonorrhoeae research — from 2D to 3D
JF  - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
N2  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a human-specific pathogen that causes gonorrhea, the second most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Disease progression, drug discovery, and basic host-pathogen interactions are studied using different approaches, which rely on models ranging from 2D cell culture to complex 3D tissues and animals. In this review, we discuss the models used in N. gonorrhoeae research. We address both in vivo (animal) and in vitro cell culture models, discussing the pros and cons of each and outlining the recent advancements in the field of three-dimensional tissue models. From simple 2D monoculture to complex advanced 3D tissue models, we provide an overview of the relevant methodology and its application. Finally, we discuss future directions in the exciting field of 3D tissue models and how they can be applied for studying the interaction of N. gonorrhoeae with host cells under conditions closely resembling those found at the native sites of infection.
KW  - ex vivo
KW  - biomimetic tissue models
KW  - Neisseria gonorrhoeae
KW  - in vivo
KW  - in vitro
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-263046
SN  - 2235-2988
VL  - 12
ER  -