TY  - THES
A1  - Höfling, Christine
T1  - Gentherapie bei Fanconi Anämie
T1  - gene therapy in fanconi anemia
N2  - Unter Fanconi Anämie versteht man eine rezessiv vererbbare Multisystem-Erkrankung, die einhergeht mit erhöhter spontaner Chromosomenbrüchigkeit, sowie erhöhter Anfälligkeit für toxische Substanzen, wie Mitomycin C (MMC) oder Diepoxybutan (DEB).Gentherapeutische Versuche scheitern bei FA letztlich daran, dass bei fortgeschrittener aplastischer Anämie (= Knochenmarkversagen) die Gewinnung der zur erfolgreichen Transduktion erforderlichen Mengen an CD34 positiven Stamm-Blutzellen schwierig bis unmöglich ist. Die Fortschritte bei den Fremdspender-Transplantationen lassen erwarten, dass zukünftig nahezu alle FA-Patienten mit dieser Therapieform mit guten Erfolgsaussichten behandelt werden können. Insofern ist auch zu erwarten, dass die Option einer somatischen Gentherapie - trotz vielversprechenden Ergebnissen - zukünftig wieder an Bedeutung verlieren wird.
N2  - Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited autosomal recessive disease, which is accompanied by increased spontaneous chromosomal breackage, and increased susceptibility to DNA-crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C (MMC) or diepoxybutane (DEB).There are various treatment options to improve life expectancy and quality of life of Fanconi anemia patients. Therapeutic options include administration of androgens or growth factors, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but also somatic gene therapy. Gene therapy experiments at FA fail in advanced aplastic anemia (bone marrow failure) because getting the necessary quantities of CD34 positive blood stem cells for successful transduction is difficult, if not impossible. With further improvements, HSCT will become the treatment of choice, even though this does not eliminate the life-long thread of solid tumors in FA-patients.
KW  - Gentherapie
KW  - Fanconi-Anämie
KW  - Deutschland / Stammzellgesetz
KW  - Stammzelltransplantation
KW  - gene therapy
KW  - fanconi anemia
KW  - stem cell transplantation
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-26363
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Weiss, Esther
A1  - Schlegel, Jan
A1  - Terpitz, Ulrich
A1  - Weber, Michael
A1  - Linde, Jörg
A1  - Schmitt, Anna-Lena
A1  - Hünniger, Kerstin
A1  - Marischen, Lothar
A1  - Gamon, Florian
A1  - Bauer, Joachim
A1  - Löffler, Claudia
A1  - Kurzai, Oliver
A1  - Morton, Charles Oliver
A1  - Sauer, Markus
A1  - Einsele, Hermann
A1  - Loeffler, Juergen
T1  - Reconstituting NK Cells After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Show Impaired Response to the Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus
JF  - Frontiers in Immunology
N2  - Delayed natural killer (NK) cell reconstitution after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is associated with a higher risk of developing invasive aspergillosis. The interaction of NK cells with the human pathogen Aspergillus (A.) fumigatus is mediated by the fungal recognition receptor CD56, which is relocated to the fungal interface after contact. Blocking of CD56 signaling inhibits the fungal mediated chemokine secretion of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES and reduces cell activation, indicating a functional role of CD56 in fungal recognition. We collected peripheral blood from recipients of an allograft at defined time points after alloSCT (day 60, 90, 120, 180). NK cells were isolated, directly challenged with live A. fumigatus germ tubes, and cell function was analyzed and compared to healthy age and gender-matched individuals. After alloSCT, NK cells displayed a higher percentage of CD56\(^{bright}\)CD16\(^{dim}\) cells throughout the time of blood collection. However, CD56 binding and relocalization to the fungal contact side were decreased. We were able to correlate this deficiency to the administration of corticosteroid therapy that further negatively influenced the secretion of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES. As a consequence, the treatment of healthy NK cells ex vivo with corticosteroids abrogated chemokine secretion measured by multiplex immunoassay. Furthermore, we analyzed NK cells regarding their actin cytoskeleton by Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM) and flow cytometry and demonstrate an actin dysfunction of NK cells shown by reduced F-actin content after fungal co-cultivation early after alloSCT. This dysfunction remains until 180 days post-alloSCT, concluding that further actin-dependent cellular processes may be negatively influenced after alloSCT. To investigate the molecular pathomechansism, we compared CD56 receptor mobility on the plasma membrane of healthy and alloSCT primary NK cells by single-molecule tracking. The results were very robust and reproducible between tested conditions which point to a different molecular mechanism and emphasize the importance of proper CD56 mobility.
KW  - natural killer cell
KW  - stem cell transplantation
KW  - corticosteroids
KW  - CCL3
KW  - CCL4
KW  - CCL5
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-212581
SN  - 1664-3224
VL  - 11
ER  -