TY - JOUR A1 - Israel, Ina A1 - Riehl, Gabriele A1 - Butt, Elke A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Samnick, Samuel T1 - Gallium-68-labeled KISS1-54 peptide for mapping KISS1 receptor via PET: initial evaluation in human tumor cell lines and in tumor-bearing mice JF - Pharmaceuticals N2 - Kisspeptins (KPs, KISS1) and their receptor (KISS1R) play a pivotal role as metastasis suppressor for many cancers. Low or lost KP expression is associated with higher tumor grade, increased metastatic potential, and poor prognosis. Therefore, KP expression has prognostic relevance and correlates with invasiveness in cancers. Furthermore, KISS1R represents a very promising target for molecular imaging and therapy for KISS1R-expressing tumors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the developed KISS1-54 derivative, [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54, as a PET-imaging probe for KISS1R-expressing tumors. The NODAGA-KISS1-54 peptide was labeled by Gallium-68, and the stability of the resulting [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 evaluated in injection solution and human serum, followed by an examination in different KISS1R-expressing tumor cell lines, including HepG2, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, LNCap, SK-BR-3, and HCT116. Finally, [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 was tested in LNCap- and MDA-MB-231-bearing mice, using µ-PET, assessing its potential as an imaging probe for PET. [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 was obtained in a 77 ± 7% radiochemical yield and at a >99% purity. The [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 cell uptake amounted to 0.6–4.4% per 100,000 cells. Moreover, the accumulation of [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 was effectively inhibited by nonradioactive KISS1-54. In [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54-PET, KISS1R-positive LNCap-tumors were clearly visualized as compared to MDA-MB-231-tumor implant with predominantly intracellular KISS1R expression. Our first results suggest that [\(^{68}\)Ga]KISS1-54 is a promising candidate for a radiotracer for targeting KISS1R-expressing tumors via PET. KW - [\(^{68}\)]KISS1-54 KW - KISS1 receptor KW - GPR54 KW - kisspeptin KW - human tumor cell lines KW - positron emission tomography KW - PET KW - KISS1-54 Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-355898 SN - 1424-8247 VL - 17 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michalski, Kerstin A1 - Schlötelburg, Wiebke A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Kosmala, Aleksander A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Hahner, Stefanie A1 - Schirbel, Andreas T1 - Radiopharmaceuticals for treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma JF - Pharmaceuticals N2 - Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) represents a rare tumor entity with limited treatment options and usually rapid tumor progression in case of metastatic disease. As further treatment options are needed and ACC metastases are sensitive to external beam radiation, novel theranostic approaches could complement established therapeutic concepts. Recent developments focus on targeting adrenal cortex-specific enzymes like the theranostic twin [\(^{123/131}\)I]IMAZA that shows a good image quality and a promising therapeutic effect in selected patients. But other established molecular targets in nuclear medicine such as the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) could possibly enhance the therapeutic regimen as well in a subgroup of patients. The aims of this review are to give an overview of innovative radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of ACC and to present the different molecular targets, as well as to show future perspectives for further developments since a radiopharmaceutical with a broad application range is still warranted. KW - adrenocortical carcinoma KW - theranostics KW - endoradiotherapy KW - IMAZA Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-355901 SN - 1424-8247 VL - 17 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tran-Gia, Johannes A1 - Denis-Bacelar, Ana M. A1 - Ferreira, Kelley M. A1 - Robinson, Andrew P. A1 - Bobin, Christophe A1 - Bonney, Lara M. A1 - Calvert, Nicholas A1 - Collins, Sean M. A1 - Fenwick, Andrew J. A1 - Finocchiaro, Domenico A1 - Fioroni, Federica A1 - Giannopoulou, Katerina A1 - Grassi, Elisa A1 - Heetun, Warda A1 - Jewitt, Stephanie J. A1 - Kotzasarlidou, Maria A1 - Ljungberg, Michael A1 - Lourenço, Valérie A1 - McGowan, Daniel R. A1 - Mewburn-Crook, Jamie A1 - Sabot, Benoit A1 - Scuffham, James A1 - Sjögreen Gleisner, Katarina A1 - Solc, Jaroslav A1 - Thiam, Cheick A1 - Tipping, Jill A1 - Wevrett, Jill A1 - Lassmann, Michael T1 - On the use of solid 133Ba sources as surrogate for liquid 131I in SPECT/CT calibration: a European multi-centre evaluation JF - EJNMMI Physics N2 - Introduction Commissioning, calibration, and quality control procedures for nuclear medicine imaging systems are typically performed using hollow containers filled with radionuclide solutions. This leads to multiple sources of uncertainty, many of which can be overcome by using traceable, sealed, long-lived surrogate sources containing a radionuclide of comparable energies and emission probabilities. This study presents the results of a quantitative SPECT/CT imaging comparison exercise performed within the MRTDosimetry consortium to assess the feasibility of using 133Ba as a surrogate for 131I imaging. Materials and methods Two sets of four traceable 133Ba sources were produced at two National Metrology Institutes and encapsulated in 3D-printed cylinders (volume range 1.68–107.4 mL). Corresponding hollow cylinders to be filled with liquid 131I and a mounting baseplate for repeatable positioning within a Jaszczak phantom were also produced. A quantitative SPECT/CT imaging comparison exercise was conducted between seven members of the consortium (eight SPECT/CT systems from two major vendors) based on a standardised protocol. Each site had to perform three measurements with the two sets of 133Ba sources and liquid 131I. Results As anticipated, the 131I pseudo-image calibration factors (cps/MBq) were higher than those for 133Ba for all reconstructions and systems. A site-specific cross-calibration reduced the performance differences between both radionuclides with respect to a cross-calibration based on the ratio of emission probabilities from a median of 12–1.5%. The site-specific cross-calibration method also showed agreement between 133Ba and 131I for all cylinder volumes, which highlights the potential use of 133Ba sources to calculate recovery coefficients for partial volume correction. Conclusion This comparison exercise demonstrated that traceable solid 133Ba sources can be used as surrogate for liquid 131I imaging. The use of solid surrogate sources could solve the radiation protection problem inherent in the preparation of phantoms with 131I liquid activity solutions as well as reduce the measurement uncertainties in the activity. This is particularly relevant for stability measurements, which have to be carried out at regular intervals. KW - 133Ba KW - Barium-133 KW - 131I KW - radioiodine KW - solid surrogate source KW - quantitative SPECT/CT KW - comparison exercise KW - multi-centre KW - calibration Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357740 VL - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lisowski, Dominik A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Hasenauer, Natalie A1 - Nickl, Vera A1 - Monoranu, Camelia-Maria A1 - Tamihardja, Jörg T1 - Complete loss of E-cadherin expression in a rare case of metastatic malignant meningioma: a case report JF - BMC Neurology N2 - Background Hematogenous tumor spread of malignant meningiomas occurs very rarely but is associated with very poor prognosis. Case presentation We report an unusual case of a patient with a malignant meningioma who developed multiple metastases in bones, lungs and liver after initial complete resection of the primary tumor. After partial hepatic resection, specimens were histologically analyzed, and a complete loss of E-cadherin adhesion molecules was found. No oncogenic target mutations were found. The patient received a combination of conventional radiotherapy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Due to aggressive tumor behavior and rapid spread of metastases, the patient deceased after initiation of treatment. Conclusions E-cadherin downregulation is associated with a higher probability of tumor invasion and distant metastasis formation in malignant meningioma. Up to now, the efficacy of systemic therapy, including PRRT, is very limited in malignant meningioma patients. KW - beta-catenin KW - E-cadherin KW - meningioma KW - peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) KW - radiotherapy Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357996 VL - 23 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. T1 - Unfolding the cardioprotective potential of sigma-1 receptor-directed molecular imaging JF - Journal of Nuclear Cardiology N2 - No abstract available. KW - Journal of Nuclear Cardiology KW - editorial KW - sigma-1 receptor-directed molecular imaging KW - cardioprotective potential Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324600 VL - 30 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Sayehli, Cyrus A1 - Hänscheid, Heribert A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Fassnacht, Martin A1 - Goebeler, Maria-Elisabeth A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Kroiss, Matthias T1 - Successful combination of selpercatinib and radioiodine after pretherapeutic dose estimation in RET-altered thyroid carcinoma JF - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging N2 - No abstract available. KW - papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) KW - selpercatinib KW - radioiodine KW - combination KW - thyroid carcinoma (TC) Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324435 VL - 50 IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marquardt, André A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp A1 - Kollmannsberger, Philip A1 - Solimando, Antonio G. A1 - Meierjohann, Svenja A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Bargou, Ralf A1 - Schilling, Bastian A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Buck, Andreas A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Krebs, Markus T1 - Predicting microenvironment in CXCR4- and FAP-positive solid tumors — a pan-cancer machine learning workflow for theranostic target structures JF - Cancers N2 - (1) Background: C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha (FAP) are promising theranostic targets. However, it is unclear whether CXCR4 and FAP positivity mark distinct microenvironments, especially in solid tumors. (2) Methods: Using Random Forest (RF) analysis, we searched for entity-independent mRNA and microRNA signatures related to CXCR4 and FAP overexpression in our pan-cancer cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database — representing n = 9242 specimens from 29 tumor entities. CXCR4- and FAP-positive samples were assessed via StringDB cluster analysis, EnrichR, Metascape, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Findings were validated via correlation analyses in n = 1541 tumor samples. TIMER2.0 analyzed the association of CXCR4 / FAP expression and infiltration levels of immune-related cells. (3) Results: We identified entity-independent CXCR4 and FAP gene signatures representative for the majority of solid cancers. While CXCR4 positivity marked an immune-related microenvironment, FAP overexpression highlighted an angiogenesis-associated niche. TIMER2.0 analysis confirmed characteristic infiltration levels of CD8+ cells for CXCR4-positive tumors and endothelial cells for FAP-positive tumors. (4) Conclusions: CXCR4- and FAP-directed PET imaging could provide a non-invasive decision aid for entity-agnostic treatment of microenvironment in solid malignancies. Moreover, this machine learning workflow can easily be transferred towards other theranostic targets. KW - machine learning KW - tumor microenvironment KW - immune infiltration KW - angiogenesis KW - mRNA KW - miRNA KW - transcriptome Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305036 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 15 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tutov, Anna A1 - Chen, Xinyu A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Mühlig, Saskia A1 - Zimmermann, Thomas A1 - Nose, Naoko A1 - Koshino, Kazuhiro A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Decker, Michael A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro T1 - Rationalizing the binding modes of PET radiotracers targeting the norepinephrine transporter JF - Pharmaceutics N2 - Purpose: A new PET radiotracer \(^{18}\)F-AF78 showing great potential for clinical application has been reported recently. It belongs to a new generation of phenethylguanidine-based norepinephrine transporter (NET)-targeting radiotracers. Although many efforts have been made to develop NET inhibitors as antidepressants, systemic investigations of the structure–activity relationships (SARs) of NET-targeting radiotracers have rarely been performed. Methods: Without changing the phenethylguanidine pharmacophore and 3-fluoropropyl moiety that is crucial for easy labeling, six new analogs of \(^{18}\)F-AF78 with different meta-substituents on the benzene-ring were synthesized and evaluated in a competitive cellular uptake assay and in in vivo animal experiments in rats. Computational modeling of these tracers was established to quantitatively rationalize the interaction between the radiotracers and NET. Results: Using non-radiolabeled reference compounds, a competitive cellular uptake assay showed a decrease in NET-transporting affinity from meta-fluorine to iodine (0.42 and 6.51 µM, respectively), with meta-OH being the least active (22.67 µM). Furthermore, in vivo animal studies with radioisotopes showed that heart-to-blood ratios agreed with the cellular experiments, with AF78(F) exhibiting the highest cardiac uptake. This result correlates positively with the electronegativity rather than the atomic radius of the meta-substituent. Computational modeling studies revealed a crucial influence of halogen substituents on the radiotracer–NET interaction, whereby a T-shaped π–π stacking interaction between the benzene-ring of the tracer and the amino acid residues surrounding the NET binding site made major contributions to the different affinities, in accordance with the pharmacological data. Conclusion: The SARs were characterized by in vitro and in vivo evaluation, and computational modeling quantitatively rationalized the interaction between radiotracers and the NET binding site. These findings pave the way for further evaluation in different species and underline the potential of AF78(F) for clinical application, e.g., cardiac innervation imaging or molecular imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. KW - positron emission tomography KW - norepinephrine transporter KW - sympathetic nervous system KW - structure–activity relationships KW - T-shaped π–π stacking Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-303949 SN - 1999-4923 VL - 15 IS - 2 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hoffmann, Jan Vincent T1 - Small-animal SPECT with Two Stationary Detectors: Performance Evaluation and Image Quality Assessment of Multi-pinhole Collimators T1 - Kleintier-SPECT mit Zwei Stationären Detektoren: Leistungsbewertung und Bildqualitätsanalyse von Multipinhole-Kollimatoren N2 - SPECT as a representative of molecular imaging allows visualization of metabolic processes in vivo. In clinical practice, single photon emission imaging is an established modality for myocardial perfusion imaging or the diagnosis of adrenal or neuroendocrine tumors, to name a few. With technical advances in scanner design and data processing leading to improved spatial resolution and image quality, SPECT has become a serious contender in small animal preclinical imaging. With multi-pinhole collimation, submillimeter spatial resolutions are achieved without limiting sensitivity, which has led to a significant increase of interest in SPECT for preclinical research in recent years. In this dissertation, the potential of a two-detector system through an analysis of three dedicated mouse collimators with multi-pinhole configurations was demonstrated. For this, sensitivity, spatial resolution, and uniformity as key parameters were determined. In the second part of the present work, an evaluation of the image quality at different activity concentrations to allow prediction of the system performance related to in vivo studies was performed. Therefore, a visual evaluation, as well as a calculation of the contrastto-noise ratio, was performed using mini Derenzo phantoms for the respective three mouse collimators. To better classify the results, the study was extended by a comparison with the predecessor system. Due to the absence of the third bottom detector, sensitivity and uniformity are slightly compromised. All three collimators were able to achieve a spatial resolution in the submillimeter range, XUHR-M offers a peak resolution of up to 0.35 mm. In terms of resolution, both evaluated systems performed on an equal level. Visual assessment of image quality indicates a slight advantage of the new two-detector system, and the contrast-to-noise ratio seems to benefit from the improved SROSEM algorithm. However, the differences between the two systems are marginal. The U-SPECT5/CT E-Class is proven to be state-of-the-art for small animal imaging and is a powerful instrument for preclinical molecular imaging research. Improvements in system design compensate well for the reduction in the detection area, allowing excellent imaging even with low activity concentrations. N2 - SPECT als Vertreter der molekularen Bildgebung ermöglicht die Visualisierung von Stoffwechselprozessen in vivo. In der klinischen Praxis ist die Einzelphotonen-Emissions-Bildgebung eine etablierte Modalität für die Myokard-Perfusions-Bildgebung oder die Diagnose von Nebennieren- oder neuroendokrinen Tumoren, um nur einige Beispiele zu nennen. Mit den technischen Fortschritten bei der Konstruktion von Scannern und der Datenverarbeitung, die zu einer verbesserten räumlichen Auflösung und Bildqualität führen, ist SPECT zu einem ernstzunehmenden Mitbewerber in der präklinischen Bildgebung von Kleintieren geworden. Unter der Verwendung von Multipinhole-Kollimatoren lassen sich Ortsauflösungen von unter einem Millimeter erzielen, ohne die Sensitivität deutlich einzuschränken. Dies trug dazu bei, dass das Interesse an SPECT in der präklinischen Forschung in den letzten Jahren zugenommen hat. In dieser Dissertation wurde das Potenzial eines Zweidetektorsystems unter Verwendung von drei Multipinhole-Mauskollimatoren evaluiert. Zur Leistungsbewertung wurde Sensitivität, Ortsauflösung und Homogenität bestimmt. Im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit wurde eine Analyse der Bildqualität mit verschiedenen Aktivitätskonzentrationen durchgeführt, um eine Vorhersage der Leistung des Systems in In-vivo-Studien zu ermöglichen. Dazu wurde eine visuelle Bewertung sowie eine Berechnung des Kontrast-zu-Rausch-Verhältnisses mit Mini-Derenzo-Phantomen für die entsprechenden drei Mauskollimatoren durchgeführt. Um die Ergebnisse besser einordnen zu können, wurde die Studie um einen Vergleich mit dem Vorgängersystem erweitert. Durch das Fehlen des dritten unteren Detektors sind Sensitivität und Homogenität leicht beeinträchtigt. Alle drei Kollimatoren konnten eine Ortsauflösung unter einem Millimeter erreichen, wobei XUHR-M die höchste Auflösung von bis zu 0.35 mm erreicht. Die beiden untersuchten Systeme sind hinsichtlich der Ortsauflösung gleichwertig. Die visuelle Bewertung der Bildqualität deutet auf einen leichten, jedoch nur marginalen Vorteil des neuen Zweidetektorsystems hin, und das Kontrast-zu-Rausch-Verhältnis scheint von dem verbesserten SROSEM-Algorithmus zu profitieren. Das U-SPECT5/CT E-Class ist nachweislich auf dem neuesten Stand der Technik für die Bildgebung bei Kleintieren und ein leistungsfähiges Instrument für die präklinische Forschung. Das System kompensiert die Reduktion der Detektionsfläche und ermöglicht eine hervorragende Bildgebung auch bei geringen Aktivitätskonzentrationen. KW - SPECT KW - small-animal SPECT KW - performance evaluation KW - multi-pinhole collimation Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-328195 ER - TY - THES A1 - Janßen, Jan Paul T1 - Capabilities of a multi-pinhole SPECT system with two stationary detectors for in vivo imaging in rodents T1 - Leistungsfähigkeit eines Multi-Pinhole SPECT-Systems mit zwei stationären Detektoren zur In-vivo-Bildgebung in Nagetiermodellen N2 - Molecular imaging of rats is of great importance for basic and translational research. As a powerful tool in nuclear medicine, SPECT can be used to visualize specific functional processes in the body, such as myocardial perfusion or bone metabolism. Typical applications in laboratory animals are imaging diagnostics or the development of new tracers for clinical use. Innovations have enabled resolutions of up to a quarter of a millimeter with acceptable sensitivity. These advances have recently led to significantly more interest in SPECT both clinically and preclinically. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the performance of the new U-SPECT5/CT E-Class by MILabs with a dedicated ultra-high resolution multi-pinhole collimator for rats and its potential for in vivo imaging of rats. The unique features of the U-SPECT are the large stationary detectors and the new iterative reconstruction algorithm. In addition, compared to the conventional system, the "E-Class" uses only two detectors instead of three. First, the sensitivity, maximum resolution, and uniformity were determined as performance parameters. Thereafter, CNRs for different activity levels comparable to those of typical in vivo activities were examined. Finally, two example protocols were carried out for imaging with 99mTc-MIBI and 99mTc-HMDP in healthy rats to evaluate the in vivo capabilities. For this purpose, CNR calculations and an image quality assessment were performed. The focus was on image quality as a function of scan time and post-reconstruction filter across a wide range of realistically achievable in vivo conditions. Performance was reasonable compared to other systems in the literature, with a sensitivity of 567 cps/MBq, a maximum resolution of 1.20 mm, and a uniformity of 55.5%. At the lower activities, resolution in phantom studies decreased to ≥1.80 mm while maintaining good image quality. High-quality bone and myocardial perfusion SPECTs were obtained in rats with a resolution of ≥1.80 mm and ≥2.20 mm, respectively. Although limited sensitivity remains a weakness of SPECT, the U-SPECT5/CT E-Class with the UHR-RM collimator can achieve in vivo results of the highest standard despite the missing third detector. Currently, it is one of the best options for high-resolution radionuclide imaging in rats. N2 - Die molekulare Bildgebung bei Ratten hat einen hohen Stellenwert in der Grundlagenforschung und der translationale Forschung. Dabei ist SPECT ein leistungsfähiges Instrument zur Visualisierung spezifischer funktioneller Prozesse im Körper, wie z. B. der Herzmuskeldurchblutung oder des Knochenstoffwechsels. Typische Anwendungsbereiche an Labortieren sind die bildgebende Diagnostik im Rahmen von Studien oder die Entwicklung neuer Tracer für den klinischen Einsatz. Durch Innovationen wurden Auflösungen von bis zu einem Viertelmillimeter bei akzeptabler Empfindlichkeit erreichbar. Diese Fortschritte haben in letzter Zeit zu einem deutlich gestiegenen Interesse an SPECT sowohl im klinischen als auch im präklinischen Bereich geführt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Leistung des neuen U-SPECT5/CT E-Class von MILabs mit einem speziellen ultra-hochauflösenden Multi-Pinhole-Kollimator für Ratten und das Potenzial für die In-vivo-Bildgebung bei Ratten zu untersuchen. Dabei sind die Besonderheiten des U-SPECTs die großen stationären Detektoren und der neue iterative Rekonstruktionsalgorithmus. Außerdem verfügt die von uns verwendete „E-Klasse“ im Vergleich zum konventionellen System nur über zwei statt drei Detektoren. Zunächst wurden die Sensitivität, die maximale Ortsauflösung und die Homogenität als Leistungsparameter bestimmt. Anschließend wurde das Kontrast-Rausch-Verhältnis für verschiedene Aktivitätsniveaus, die mit denen typischer In-vivo-Studien vergleichbar sind, untersucht. Schließlich wurden zwei Beispielprotokolle für die Bildgebung mit 99mTc-MIBI und 99mTc-HMDP bei gesunden Ratten durchgeführt, um die In-vivo-Kapazitäten zu erfassen. Zur Bewertung wurden eine Kontrast-Rausch-Analyse und eine Bildqualitätsumfrage genutzt. Der Schwerpunkt lag dabei auf der Bildqualität in Abhängigkeit von der Scanzeit sowie dem Postrekonstruktionsfilters für ein breites Spektrum realistisch erreichbarer In-vivo-Bedingungen. Die Leistung war mit einer Sensitivität von 567 cps/MBq, einer maximalen Ortsauflösung von 1,20 mm und einer Homogenität von 55,5% mit anderen in der Literatur beschriebenen Systemen vergleichbar. Bei niedrigeren Aktivitäten verringerte sich die Auflösung in Phantomstudien auf ≥1,80 mm bei gleichbleibend guter Bildqualität. Es wurden hochqualitative Knochen- und Myokardperfusions-SPECTs mit einer Auflösung von ≥1,80 mm bzw. ≥2,20 mm bei Ratten erzielt. Obwohl die begrenzte Empfindlichkeit nach wie vor eine Schwäche der SPECT ist, kann das U-SPECT5/CT E-Class mit dem UHR-RM-Kollimator, trotz des fehlenden dritten Detektors, In-vivo-Ergebnisse auf höchstem Niveau erzielen. Es ist derzeit eine der besten Optionen für die hochauflösende Radionuklid-Bildgebung bei Ratten. KW - SPECT KW - Molekulare Bildgebung KW - Rodents KW - Image Quality KW - SPECT/CT Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-328608 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eilsberger, Friederike A1 - Kreissl, Michael C. A1 - Reiners, Christoph A1 - Holzgreve, Adrien A1 - Luster, Markus A1 - Pfestroff, Andreas T1 - Application of the American Thyroid Association risk assessment in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a German population JF - Biomedicines N2 - Background: The American Thyroid Association (ATA) uses criteria to assess the risk for persistent disease in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) after radioiodine therapy (RAI). There are no data available showing that this classification can be adopted unadjusted by Germany. Aim: The aim of our study is to investigate whether the ATA classification can be applied to a German population for short-term prognosis. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of an age cutoff value. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 121 patients who were referred to our tertiary referral center. Patients were classified into risk categories, and the therapy response was determined according to ATA. Results: A total of 73/83 (88%) ATA low-risk patients and 12/19 (63%) intermediate-risk patients showed an excellent response; 2/19 (11%) high-risk patients had a biochemical, and 6 (31%) had a structural incomplete response. Of all 39 patients ≥55 years, 84% had an excellent response. Using a cut off of 50 years, 50/62 (81%) of the older patients showed an excellent response. Conclusion: The ATA risk classification is able to estimate the response to RAI therapy in a German population. A shift from 55 to 50 years as an age cutoff value does not result in any relevant change in the treatment response. KW - differentiated thyroid cancer KW - American Thyroid Association KW - German population Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-311226 SN - 2227-9059 VL - 11 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lassmann, Michael A1 - Eberlein, Uta T1 - Comparing absorbed doses and radiation risk of the α-emitting bone-seekers [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) and [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) JF - Frontiers in Medicine N2 - [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) and [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) are bone seekers, emitting high LET, and short range (< 100 μm) alpha-particles. Both radionuclides show similar decay properties; the total alpha energies are comparable (\(^{223}\)Ra: ≈28 MeV, \(^{224}\)Ra: ≈26 MeV). [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) has been used from the mid-1940s until 1990 for treating different bone and joint diseases with activities of up to approximately 50 MBq [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\). In 2013 [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) obtained marketing authorization by the FDA and by the European Union for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer with an activity to administer of 0.055 MBq per kg body weight for six cycles. For intravenous injections in humans a model calculation using the biokinetic model of ICRP67 shows a ratio of organ absorbed dose coefficients (\(^{224}\)Ra:\(^{223}\)Ra) between 0.37 (liver) and 0.97 except for the kidneys (2.27) and blood (1.57). For the red marrow as primary organ-at-risk, the ratio is 0.57. The differences are mainly caused be the differing half-lives of the decay products of both radium isotopes. Both radionuclides show comparable DNA damage patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after internal ex-vivo irradiation. Data on the long-term radiation-associated side effects are only available for treatment with [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\). Two epidemiological studies followed two patient groups treated with [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) for more than 25 years. One of them was the “Spiess study”, a cohort of 899 juvenile patients who received several injections of [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) with a mean specific activity of 0.66 MBq/kg. Another patient group of ankylosing spondylitis patients was treated with 10 repeated intravenous injections of [\(^{224}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\), 1 MBq each, 1 week apart. In total 1,471 of these patients were followed-up in the “Wick study”. In both studies, an increased cancer mortality by leukemia and solid cancers was observed. Similar considerations on long-term effects likely apply to [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\) as well since the biokinetics are similar and the absorbed doses in the same range. However, this increased risk will most likely not be observed due to the much shorter life expectancy of prostate cancer patients treated with [\(^{223}\)Ra]RaCl\(_2\). KW - dosimetry KW - biodosimetry KW - 224Ra KW - 223Ra KW - epidemiology Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-301509 SN - 2296-858X VL - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schadt, Fabian A1 - Israel, Ina A1 - Beez, Alexandra A1 - Alushi, Kastriot A1 - Weiland, Judith A1 - Ernestus, Ralf-Ingo A1 - Westermaier, Thomas A1 - Samnick, Samuel A1 - Lilla, Nadine T1 - Analysis of cerebral glucose metabolism following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage over 7 days JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Little is known about changes in brain metabolism following SAH, possibly leading towards secondary brain damage. Despite sustained progress in the last decade, analysis of in vivo acquired data still remains challenging. The present interdisciplinary study uses a semi-automated data analysis tool analyzing imaging data independently from the administrated radiotracer. The uptake of 2-[18F]Fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose ([\(^{18}\)F]FDG) was evaluated in different brain regions in 14 male Sprague–Dawley rats, randomized into two groups: (1) SAH induced by the endovascular filament model and (2) sham operated controls. Serial [\(^{18}\)F]FDG-PET measurements were carried out. Quantitative image analysis was performed by uptake ratio using a self-developed MRI-template based data analysis tool. SAH animals showed significantly higher [\(^{18}\)F]FDG accumulation in gray matter, neocortex and olfactory system as compared to animals of the sham group, while white matter and basal forebrain region showed significant reduced tracer accumulation in SAH animals. All significant metabolic changes were visualized from 3 h, over 24 h (day 1), day 4 and day 7 following SAH/sham operation. This [\(^{18}\)F]FDG-PET study provides important insights into glucose metabolism alterations following SAH—for the first time in different brain regions and up to day 7 during course of disease. KW - SAH KW - metabolism KW - brain Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-300725 VL - 13 IS - 1 ER -