TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thorn, Simon
A1  - Chao, Anne
A1  - Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus
A1  - Chen, Yan-Han
A1  - Georgiev, Kostadin B.
A1  - Heibl, Christoph
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Schäfer, Hanno
A1  - Bässler, Claus
T1  - Rare species, functional groups, and evolutionary lineages drive successional trajectories in disturbed forests
JF  - Ecology
N2  - Following natural disturbances, additional anthropogenic disturbance may alter community recovery by affecting the occurrences of species, functional groups, and evolutionary lineages. However, our understanding of whether rare, common, or dominant species, functional groups, or evolutionary lineages are most strongly affected by an additional disturbance, particularly across multiple taxa, is limited. Here, we used a generalized diversity concept based on Hill numbers to quantify the community differences of vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens, wood‐inhabiting fungi, saproxylic beetles, and birds in a storm‐disturbed, experimentally salvage logged forest. Communities of all investigated species groups showed dissimilarities between logged and unlogged plots. Most species groups showed no significant changes in dissimilarities between logged and unlogged plots over the first seven years of succession, indicating a lack of community recovery. In general, the dissimilarities of communities were mainly driven by rare species. Convergence of dissimilarities occurred more often than divergence during the early stages of succession for rare species, indicating a major role in driving decreasing taxonomic dissimilarities between logged and unlogged plots over time. Trends in species dissimilarities only partially match the trends in dissimilarities of functional groups and evolutionary lineages, with little significant changes in successional trajectories. Nevertheless, common and dominant species contributed to a convergence of dissimilarities over time in the case of the functional dissimilarities of wood‐inhabiting fungi. Our study shows that salvage logging following disturbances can alter successional trajectories in early stages of forest succession following natural disturbances. However, community changes over time may differ remarkably in different taxonomic groups and are best detected based on taxonomic, rather than functional or phylogenetic dissimilarities.
KW  - wood-inhabiting fungi
KW  - birds
KW  - bryophytes
KW  - climate change
KW  - forest succession
KW  - Hill numbers
KW  - natural disturbances
KW  - salvage logging
KW  - saproxylic beetles
KW  - vascular plants
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-212378
VL  - 101
IS  - 3
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Maihoff, Fabienne
A1  - Friess, Nicolas
A1  - Hoiss, Bernhard
A1  - Schmid‐Egger, Christian
A1  - Kerner, Janika
A1  - Neumayer, Johann
A1  - Hopfenmüller, Sebastian
A1  - Bässler, Claus
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Classen, Alice
T1  - Smaller, more diverse and on the way to the top: Rapid community shifts of montane wild bees within an extraordinary hot decade
JF  - Diversity and Distributions
N2  - Aim
Global warming is assumed to restructure mountain insect communities in space and time. Theory and observations along climate gradients predict that insect abundance and richness, especially of small‐bodied species, will increase with increasing temperature. However, the specific responses of single species to rising temperatures, such as spatial range shifts, also alter communities, calling for intensive monitoring of real‐world communities over time.


Location
German Alps and pre‐alpine forests in south‐east Germany.


Methods
We empirically examined the temporal and spatial change in wild bee communities and its drivers along two largely well‐protected elevational gradients (alpine grassland vs. pre‐alpine forest), each sampled twice within the last decade.


Results
We detected clear abundance‐based upward shifts in bee communities, particularly in cold‐adapted bumble bee species, demonstrating the speed with which mobile organisms can respond to climatic changes. Mean annual temperature was identified as the main driver of species richness in both regions. Accordingly, and in large overlap with expectations under climate warming, we detected an increase in bee richness and abundance, and an increase in small‐bodied species in low‐ and mid‐elevations along the grassland gradient. Community responses in the pre‐alpine forest gradient were only partly consistent with community responses in alpine grasslands.


Main Conclusion
In well‐protected temperate mountain regions, small‐bodied bees may initially profit from warming temperatures, by getting more abundant and diverse. Less severe warming, and differences in habitat openness along the forested gradient, however, might moderate species responses. Our study further highlights the utility of standardized abundance data for revealing rapid changes in bee communities over only one decade.
KW  - Alps
KW  - altitudinal gradient
KW  - body size
KW  - climate change
KW  - global warming
KW  - hymenoptera
KW  - pollinator
KW  - range shifts
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-312126
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
ER  -