TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lehmann, Julian
A1  - Jørgensen, Morten E.
A1  - Fratz, Stefanie
A1  - Müller, Heike M.
A1  - Kusch, Jana
A1  - Scherzer, Sönke
A1  - Navarro-Retamal, Carlos
A1  - Mayer, Dominik
A1  - Böhm, Jennifer
A1  - Konrad, Kai R.
A1  - Terpitz, Ulrich
A1  - Dreyer, Ingo
A1  - Mueller, Thomas D.
A1  - Sauer, Markus
A1  - Hedrich, Rainer
A1  - Geiger, Dietmar
A1  - Maierhofer, Tobias
T1  - Acidosis-induced activation of anion channel SLAH3 in the flooding-related stress response of Arabidopsis
JF  - Current Biology
N2  - Plants, as sessile organisms, gained the ability to sense and respond to biotic and abiotic stressors to survive severe changes in their environments. The change in our climate comes with extreme dry periods but also episodes of flooding. The latter stress condition causes anaerobiosis-triggered cytosolic acidosis and impairs plant function. The molecular mechanism that enables plant cells to sense acidity and convey this signal via membrane depolarization was previously unknown. Here, we show that acidosis-induced anion efflux from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots is dependent on the S-type anion channel AtSLAH3. Heterologous expression of SLAH3 in Xenopus oocytes revealed that the anion channel is directly activated by a small, physiological drop in cytosolic pH. Acidosis-triggered activation of SLAH3 is mediated by protonation of histidine 330 and 454. Super-resolution microscopy analysis showed that the increase in cellular proton concentration switches SLAH3 from an electrically silent channel dimer into its active monomeric form. Our results show that, upon acidification, protons directly switch SLAH3 to its open configuration, bypassing kinase-dependent activation. Moreover, under flooding conditions, the stress response of Arabidopsis wild-type (WT) plants was significantly higher compared to SLAH3 loss-of-function mutants. Our genetic evidence of SLAH3 pH sensor function may guide the development of crop varieties with improved stress tolerance.
KW  - SLAH3
KW  - S-type anion channel
KW  - hypoxia
KW  - pH
KW  - cytosolic acidification
KW  - flooding
KW  - PALM
KW  - stoichiometry
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-363320
VL  - 31
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Le Provost, Gaëtane
A1  - Thiele, Jan
A1  - Westphal, Catrin
A1  - Penone, Caterina
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Neyret, Margot
A1  - van der Plas, Fons
A1  - Ayasse, Manfred
A1  - Bardgett, Richard D.
A1  - Birkhofer, Klaus
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Bonkowski, Michael
A1  - Buscot, Francois
A1  - Feldhaar, Heike
A1  - Gaulton, Rachel
A1  - Goldmann, Kezia
A1  - Gossner, Martin M.
A1  - Klaus, Valentin H.
A1  - Kleinebecker, Till
A1  - Krauss, Jochen
A1  - Renner, Swen
A1  - Scherreiks, Pascal
A1  - Sikorski, Johannes
A1  - Baulechner, Dennis
A1  - Blüthgen, Nico
A1  - Bolliger, Ralph
A1  - Börschig, Carmen
A1  - Busch, Verena
A1  - Chisté, Melanie
A1  - Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Arndt, Hartmut
A1  - Hoelzel, Norbert
A1  - John, Katharina
A1  - Jung, Kirsten
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Marzini, Carlo
A1  - Overmann, Jörg
A1  - Paŝalić, Esther
A1  - Perović, David J.
A1  - Prati, Daniel
A1  - Schäfer, Deborah
A1  - Schöning, Ingo
A1  - Schrumpf, Marion
A1  - Sonnemann, Ilja
A1  - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1  - Tschapka, Marco
A1  - Türke, Manfred
A1  - Vogt, Juliane
A1  - Wehner, Katja
A1  - Weiner, Christiane
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang
A1  - Wells, Konstans
A1  - Werner, Michael
A1  - Wolters, Volkmar
A1  - Wubet, Tesfaye
A1  - Wurst, Susanne
A1  - Zaitsev, Andrey S.
A1  - Manning, Peter
T1  - Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss. However, understanding how different components of land use drive biodiversity loss requires the investigation of multiple trophic levels across spatial scales. Using data from 150 agricultural grasslands in central Europe, we assess the influence of multiple components of local- and landscape-level land use on more than 4,000 above- and belowground taxa, spanning 20 trophic groups. Plot-level land-use intensity is strongly and negatively associated with aboveground trophic groups, but positively or not associated with belowground trophic groups. Meanwhile, both above- and belowground trophic groups respond to landscape-level land use, but to different drivers: aboveground diversity of grasslands is promoted by diverse surrounding land-cover, while belowground diversity is positively related to a high permanent forest cover in the surrounding landscape. These results highlight a role of landscape-level land use in shaping belowground communities, and suggest that revised agroecosystem management strategies are needed to conserve whole-ecosystem biodiversity.
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - community ecology
KW  - grassland ecology
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-371552
VL  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Larrieu, Laurent
A1  - Cabanettes, Alain
A1  - Courbaud, Benoit
A1  - Goulard, Michel
A1  - Heintz, Wilfried
A1  - Kozák, Daniel
A1  - Kraus, Daniel
A1  - Lachat, Thibault
A1  - Ladet, Sylvie
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Paillet, Yoan
A1  - Schuck, Andreas
A1  - Stillhard, Jonas
A1  - Svoboda, Miroslav
T1  - Co-occurrence patterns of tree-related microhabitats: A method to simplify routine monitoring
JF  - Ecological Indicators
N2  - A Tree-related Microhabitat (TreM) is a distinct, well-delineated morphological singularity occurring on living or standing dead trees, which constitutes a crucial substrate or life site for various species. TreMs are widely recognized as key features for biodiversity. Current TreM typology identifies 47 TreM types according to their morphology and their associated taxa. In order to provide a range of resolutions and make the typology more user-friendly, these 47 TreM types have been pooled into 15 groups and seven forms. Depending on the accuracy required and the time available, a user can now choose to describe TreMs at resolution levels corresponding to type, group or form. Another way to more easily record TreMs during routine management work would be to use co-occurrence patterns to reduce the number of observed TreMs required. Based on a large international TreM database (2052 plots; 70,958 individual trees; 78 tree species), we evaluated both the significance and the magnitude of TreM co-occurrence on living trees for 11 TreM groups. We highlighted 33 significant co-occurrences for broadleaves and nine for conifers. Bark loss, rot hole, crack and polypore had the highest number of positive co-occurrences (N = 8) with other TreMs on broadleaves; bark loss (N = 4) had the highest number for conifers. We found mutually exclusive occurrences only for conifers: Exposed Heartwood excluded both dendrotelm and sap run. Among the four variables we tested for their positive contribution to significant co-occurrences, tree diameter at breast height was the most consistent. Based on our results and practical considerations, we selected three TreM groups for broadleaves, and nine for conifers, and formed useful short lists to reduce the number of TreM groups to assess during routine forest management work in the field. In addition, detecting potential similarities or associations between TreMs has potential theoretical value, e.g. it may help researchers identify common factors favouring TreM formation or help managers select trees with multiple TreMs as candidates for retention.
KW  - TreM monitoring
KW  - biodiversity-friendly forest management
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-363158
VL  - 127
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kuhl, Heiner
A1  - Guiguen, Yann
A1  - Höhne, Christin
A1  - Kreuz, Eva
A1  - Du, Kang
A1  - Klopp, Christophe
A1  - Lopez-Roques,, Céline
A1  - Yebra-Pimentel, Elena Santidrian
A1  - Ciorpac, Mitica
A1  - Gessner, Jörn
A1  - Holostenco, Daniela
A1  - Kleiner, Wibke
A1  - Kohlmann, Klaus
A1  - Lamatsch, Dunja K.
A1  - Prokopov, Dmitry
A1  - Bestin, Anastasia
A1  - Bonpunt, Emmanuel
A1  - Debeuf, Bastien
A1  - Haffray, Pierrick
A1  - Morvezen, Romain
A1  - Patrice, Pierre
A1  - Suciu, Radu
A1  - Dirks, Ron
A1  - Wuertz, Sven
A1  - Kloas, Werner
A1  - Schartl, Manfred
A1  - Stöck, Matthias
T1  - A 180 Myr-old female-specific genome region in sturgeon reveals the oldest known vertebrate sex determining system with undifferentiated sex chromosomes
JF  - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
N2  - Several hypotheses explain the prevalence of undifferentiated sex chromosomes in poikilothermic vertebrates. Turnovers change the master sex determination gene, the sex chromosome or the sex determination system (e.g. XY to WZ). Jumping master genes stay main triggers but translocate to other chromosomes. Occasional recombination (e.g. in sex-reversed females) prevents sex chromosome degeneration. Recent research has uncovered conserved heteromorphic or even homomorphic sex chromosomes in several clades of non-avian and non-mammalian vertebrates. Sex determination in sturgeons (Acipenseridae) has been a long-standing basic biological question, linked to economical demands by the caviar-producing aquaculture. Here, we report the discovery of a sex-specific sequence from sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus). Using chromosome-scale assemblies and pool-sequencing, we first identified an approximately 16 kb female-specific region. We developed a PCR-genotyping test, yielding female-specific products in six species, spanning the entire phylogeny with the most divergent extant lineages (A. sturio, A. oxyrinchus versus A. ruthenus, Huso huso), stemming from an ancient tetraploidization. Similar results were obtained in two octoploid species (A. gueldenstaedtii, A. baerii). Conservation of a female-specific sequence for a long period, representing 180 Myr of sturgeon evolution, and across at least one polyploidization event, raises many interesting biological questions. We discuss a conserved undifferentiated sex chromosome system with a ZZ/ZW-mode of sex determination and potential alternatives.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Challenging the paradigm in sex chromosome evolution: empirical and theoretical insights with a focus on vertebrates (Part I)’.
KW  - acipenseridae
KW  - sturgeon
KW  - sex chromosomes
KW  - female-specific
KW  - polyploidy
KW  - evolution
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-363050
VL  - 376
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thomas, H. J. D.
A1  - Myers‐Smith, I. H.
A1  - Bjorkman, A. D.
A1  - Elmendorf, S. C.
A1  - Blok, D.
A1  - Cornelissen, J. H. C.
A1  - Forbes, B. C.
A1  - Hollister, R. D.
A1  - Normand, S.
A1  - Prevéy, J. S.
A1  - Rixen, C.
A1  - Schaepman‐Strub, G.
A1  - Wilmking, M.
A1  - Wipf, S.
A1  - Cornwell, W. K.
A1  - Kattge, J.
A1  - Goetz, S. J.
A1  - Guay, K. C.
A1  - Alatalo, J. M.
A1  - Anadon‐Rosell, A.
A1  - Angers‐Blondin, S.
A1  - Berner, L. T.
A1  - Björk, R. G.
A1  - Buchwal, A.
A1  - Buras, A.
A1  - Carbognani, M.
A1  - Christie, K.
A1  - Siegwart Collier, L.
A1  - Cooper, E. J.
A1  - Eskelinen, A.
A1  - Frei, E. R.
A1  - Grau, O.
A1  - Grogan, P.
A1  - Hallinger, M.
A1  - Heijmans, M. M. P. D.
A1  - Hermanutz, L.
A1  - Hudson, J. M. G.
A1  - Hülber, K.
A1  - Iturrate‐Garcia, M.
A1  - Iversen, C. M.
A1  - Jaroszynska, F.
A1  - Johnstone, J. F.
A1  - Kaarlejärvi, E.
A1  - Kulonen, A.
A1  - Lamarque, L. J.
A1  - Lévesque, E.
A1  - Little, C. J.
A1  - Michelsen, A.
A1  - Milbau, A.
A1  - Nabe‐Nielsen, J.
A1  - Nielsen, S. S.
A1  - Ninot, J. M.
A1  - Oberbauer, S. F.
A1  - Olofsson, J.
A1  - Onipchenko, V. G.
A1  - Petraglia, A.
A1  - Rumpf, S. B.
A1  - Semenchuk, P. R.
A1  - Soudzilovskaia, N. A.
A1  - Spasojevic, M. J.
A1  - Speed, J. D. M.
A1  - Tape, K. D.
A1  - te Beest, M.
A1  - Tomaselli, M.
A1  - Trant, A.
A1  - Treier, U. A.
A1  - Venn, S.
A1  - Vowles, T.
A1  - Weijers, S.
A1  - Zamin, T.
A1  - Atkin, O. K.
A1  - Bahn, M.
A1  - Blonder, B.
A1  - Campetella, G.
A1  - Cerabolini, B. E. L.
A1  - Chapin III, F. S.
A1  - Dainese, M.
A1  - de Vries, F. T.
A1  - Díaz, S.
A1  - Green, W.
A1  - Jackson, R. B.
A1  - Manning, P.
A1  - Niinemets, Ü.
A1  - Ozinga, W. A.
A1  - Peñuelas, J.
A1  - Reich, P. B.
A1  - Schamp, B.
A1  - Sheremetev, S.
A1  - van Bodegom, P. M.
T1  - Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome
JF  - Global Ecology and Biogeography
N2  - Aim
Plant functional groups are widely used in community ecology and earth system modelling to describe trait variation within and across plant communities. However, this approach rests on the assumption that functional groups explain a large proportion of trait variation among species. We test whether four commonly used plant functional groups represent variation in six ecologically important plant traits.

Location
Tundra biome.

Time period
Data collected between 1964 and 2016.

Major taxa studied
295 tundra vascular plant species.

Methods
We compiled a database of six plant traits (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, seed mass) for tundra species. We examined the variation in species-level trait expression explained by four traditional functional groups (evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, graminoids, forbs), and whether variation explained was dependent upon the traits included in analysis. We further compared the explanatory power and species composition of functional groups to alternative classifications generated using post hoc clustering of species-level traits.

Results
Traditional functional groups explained significant differences in trait expression, particularly amongst traits associated with resource economics, which were consistent across sites and at the biome scale. However, functional groups explained 19% of overall trait variation and poorly represented differences in traits associated with plant size. Post hoc classification of species did not correspond well with traditional functional groups, and explained twice as much variation in species-level trait expression.

Main conclusions
Traditional functional groups only coarsely represent variation in well-measured traits within tundra plant communities, and better explain resource economic traits than size-related traits. We recommend caution when using functional group approaches to predict tundra vegetation change, or ecosystem functions relating to plant size, such as albedo or carbon storage. We argue that alternative classifications or direct use of specific plant traits could provide new insights for ecological prediction and modelling.
KW  - cluster analysis
KW  - community composition
KW  - ecosystem function
KW  - plant functional groups
KW  - plant functional types
KW  - plant traits
KW  - tundra biome
KW  - vegetation change
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-241310
VL  - 28
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dornelas, Maria
A1  - Antão, Laura H.
A1  - Moyes, Faye
A1  - Bates, Amanda E.
A1  - Magurran, Anne E.
A1  - Adam, Dušan
A1  - Akhmetzhanova, Asem A.
A1  - Appeltans, Ward
A1  - Arcos, José Manuel
A1  - Arnold, Haley
A1  - Ayyappan, Narayanan
A1  - Badihi, Gal
A1  - Baird, Andrew H.
A1  - Barbosa, Miguel
A1  - Barreto, Tiago Egydio
A1  - Bässler, Claus
A1  - Bellgrove, Alecia
A1  - Belmaker, Jonathan
A1  - Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro
A1  - Bett, Brian J.
A1  - Bjorkman, Anne D.
A1  - Błażewicz, Magdalena
A1  - Blowes, Shane A.
A1  - Bloch, Christopher P. Bloch
A1  - Bonebrake, Timothy C.
A1  - Boyd, Susan
A1  - Bradford, Matt
A1  - Brooks, Andrew J.
A1  - Brown, James H.
A1  - Bruelheide, Helge
A1  - Budy, Phaedra
A1  - Carvalho, Fernando
A1  - Castañeda-Moya, Edward
A1  - Chen, Chaolun Allen
A1  - Chamblee, John F.
A1  - Chase, Tory J.
A1  - Siegwart Collier, Laura
A1  - Collinge, Sharon K.
A1  - Condit, Richard
A1  - Cooper, Elisabeth J.
A1  - Cornelissen, J. Hans C.
A1  - Cotano, Unai
A1  - Crow, Shannan Kyle
A1  - Damasceno, Gabriella
A1  - Davies, Claire H.
A1  - Davis, Robert A.
A1  - Day, Frank P.
A1  - Degraer, Steven
A1  - Doherty, Tim S.
A1  - Dunn, Timothy E.
A1  - Durigan, Giselda
A1  - Duffy, J. Emmett
A1  - Edelist, Dor
A1  - Edgar, Graham J.
A1  - Elahi, Robin
A1  - Elmendorf, Sarah C.
A1  - Enemar, Anders
A1  - Ernest, S. K. Morgan
A1  - Escribano, Rubén
A1  - Estiarte, Marc
A1  - Evans, Brian S.
A1  - Fan, Tung-Yung
A1  - Turini Farah, Fabiano
A1  - Loureiro Fernandes, Luiz
A1  - Farneda, Fábio Z.
A1  - Fidelis, Alessandra
A1  - Fitt, Robert
A1  - Fosaa, Anna Maria
A1  - Franco, Geraldo Antonio Daher Correa
A1  - Frank, Grace E.
A1  - Fraser, William R.
A1  - García, Hernando
A1  - Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto
A1  - Givan, Or
A1  - Gorgone-Barbosa, Elizabeth
A1  - Gould, William A.
A1  - Gries, Corinna
A1  - Grossman, Gary D.
A1  - Gutierréz, Julio R.
A1  - Hale, Stephen
A1  - Harmon, Mark E.
A1  - Harte, John
A1  - Haskins, Gary
A1  - Henshaw, Donald L.
A1  - Hermanutz, Luise
A1  - Hidalgo, Pamela
A1  - Higuchi, Pedro
A1  - Hoey, Andrew
A1  - Van Hoey, Gert
A1  - Hofgaard, Annika
A1  - Holeck, Kristen
A1  - Hollister, Robert D.
A1  - Holmes, Richard
A1  - Hoogenboom, Mia
A1  - Hsieh, Chih-hao
A1  - Hubbell, Stephen P.
A1  - Huettmann, Falk
A1  - Huffard, Christine L.
A1  - Hurlbert, Allen H.
A1  - Ivanauskas, Natália Macedo
A1  - Janík, David
A1  - Jandt, Ute
A1  - Jażdżewska, Anna
A1  - Johannessen, Tore
A1  - Johnstone, Jill
A1  - Jones, Julia
A1  - Jones, Faith A. M.
A1  - Kang, Jungwon
A1  - Kartawijaya, Tasrif
A1  - Keeley, Erin C.
A1  - Kelt, Douglas A.
A1  - Kinnear, Rebecca
A1  - Klanderud, Kari
A1  - Knutsen, Halvor
A1  - Koenig, Christopher C.
A1  - Kortz, Alessandra R.
A1  - Král, Kamil
A1  - Kuhnz, Linda A.
A1  - Kuo, Chao-Yang
A1  - Kushner, David J.
A1  - Laguionie-Marchais, Claire
A1  - Lancaster, Lesley T.
A1  - Lee, Cheol Min
A1  - Lefcheck, Jonathan S.
A1  - Lévesque, Esther
A1  - Lightfoot, David
A1  - Lloret, Francisco
A1  - Lloyd, John D.
A1  - López-Baucells, Adrià
A1  - Louzao, Maite
A1  - Madin, Joshua S.
A1  - Magnússon, Borgþór
A1  - Malamud, Shahar
A1  - Matthews, Iain
A1  - McFarland, Kent P.
A1  - McGill, Brian
A1  - McKnight, Diane
A1  - McLarney, William O.
A1  - Meador, Jason
A1  - Meserve, Peter L.
A1  - Metcalfe, Daniel J.
A1  - Meyer, Christoph F. J.
A1  - Michelsen, Anders
A1  - Milchakova, Nataliya
A1  - Moens, Tom
A1  - Moland, Even
A1  - Moore, Jon
A1  - Moreira, Carolina Mathias
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Murphy, Grace
A1  - Myers-Smith, Isla H.
A1  - Myster, Randall W.
A1  - Naumov, Andrew
A1  - Neat, Francis
A1  - Nelson, James A.
A1  - Nelson, Michael Paul
A1  - Newton, Stephen F.
A1  - Norden, Natalia
A1  - Oliver, Jeffrey C.
A1  - Olsen, Esben M.
A1  - Onipchenko, Vladimir G.
A1  - Pabis, Krzysztof
A1  - Pabst, Robert J.
A1  - Paquette, Alain
A1  - Pardede, Sinta
A1  - Paterson, David M.
A1  - Pélissier, Raphaël
A1  - Peñuelas, Josep
A1  - Pérez-Matus, Alejandro
A1  - Pizarro, Oscar
A1  - Pomati, Francesco
A1  - Post, Eric
A1  - Prins, Herbert H. T.
A1  - Priscu, John C.
A1  - Provoost, Pieter
A1  - Prudic, Kathleen L.
A1  - Pulliainen, Erkki
A1  - Ramesh, B. R.
A1  - Ramos, Olivia Mendivil
A1  - Rassweiler, Andrew
A1  - Rebelo, Jose Eduardo
A1  - Reed, Daniel C.
A1  - Reich, Peter B.
A1  - Remillard, Suzanne M.
A1  - Richardson, Anthony J.
A1  - Richardson, J. Paul
A1  - van Rijn, Itai
A1  - Rocha, Ricardo
A1  - Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.
A1  - Rixen, Christian
A1  - Robinson, Kevin P.
A1  - Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro
A1  - de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres, Denise
A1  - Rudstam, Lars
A1  - Ruhl, Henry
A1  - Ruz, Catalina S.
A1  - Sampaio, Erica M.
A1  - Rybicki, Nancy
A1  - Rypel, Andrew
A1  - Sal, Sofia
A1  - Salgado, Beatriz
A1  - Santos, Flavio A. M.
A1  - Savassi-Coutinho, Ana Paula
A1  - Scanga, Sara
A1  - Schmidt, Jochen
A1  - Schooley, Robert
A1  - Setiawan, Fakhrizal
A1  - Shao, Kwang-Tsao
A1  - Shaver, Gaius R.
A1  - Sherman, Sally
A1  - Sherry, Thomas W.
A1  - Siciński, Jacek
A1  - Sievers, Caya
A1  - da Silva, Ana Carolina
A1  - da Silva, Fernando Rodrigues
A1  - Silveira, Fabio L.
A1  - Slingsby, Jasper
A1  - Smart, Tracey
A1  - Snell, Sara J.
A1  - Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.
A1  - Souza, Gabriel B. G.
A1  - Souza, Flaviana Maluf
A1  - Souza, Vinícius Castro
A1  - Stallings, Christopher D.
A1  - Stanforth, Rowan
A1  - Stanley, Emily H.
A1  - Sterza, José Mauro
A1  - Stevens, Maarten
A1  - Stuart-Smith, Rick
A1  - Suarez, Yzel Rondon
A1  - Supp, Sarah
A1  - Tamashiro, Jorge Yoshio
A1  - Tarigan, Sukmaraharja
A1  - Thiede, Gary P.
A1  - Thorn, Simon
A1  - Tolvanen, Anne
A1  - Toniato, Maria Teresa Zugliani
A1  - Totland, Ørjan
A1  - Twilley, Robert R.
A1  - Vaitkus, Gediminas
A1  - Valdivia, Nelson
A1  - Vallejo, Martha Isabel
A1  - Valone, Thomas J.
A1  - Van Colen, Carl
A1  - Vanaverbeke, Jan
A1  - Venturoli, Fabio
A1  - Verheye, Hans M.
A1  - Vianna, Marcelo
A1  - Vieira, Rui P.
A1  - Vrška, Tomáš
A1  - Vu, Con Quang
A1  - Vu, Lien Van
A1  - Waide, Robert B.
A1  - Waldock, Conor
A1  - Watts, Dave
A1  - Webb, Sara
A1  - Wesołowski, Tomasz
A1  - White, Ethan P.
A1  - Widdicombe, Claire E.
A1  - Wilgers, Dustin
A1  - Williams, Richard
A1  - Williams, Stefan B.
A1  - Williamson, Mark
A1  - Willig, Michael R.
A1  - Willis, Trevor J.
A1  - Wipf, Sonja
A1  - Woods, Kerry D.
A1  - Woehler, Eric J.
A1  - Zawada, Kyle
A1  - Zettler, Michael L.
T1  - BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene
JF  - Global Ecology and Biogeography
N2  - Motivation
The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.

Main types of variables included
The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.

Spatial location and grain
BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2).

Time period and grain
BioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.

Major taxa and level of measurement
BioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.

Software format
.csv and .SQL.
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - global
KW  - spatial
KW  - species richness
KW  - temporal
KW  - turnover
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222846
VL  - 27
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Noss, Reed F.
A1  - Thorn, Simon
A1  - Bässler, Claus
A1  - Leverkus, Alexandro B.
A1  - Lindenmayer, David
T1  - Increasing disturbance demands new policies to conserve intact forest
JF  - Conservation Letters
N2  - Ongoing controversy over logging the ancient Białowieża Forest in Poland symbolizes a global problem for policies and management of the increasing proportion of the earth's intact forest that is subject to postdisturbance logging. We review the extent of, and motivations for, postdisturbance logging in protected and unprotected forests globally. An unprecedented level of logging in protected areas and other places where green-tree harvest would not normally occur is driven by economic interests and a desire for pest control. To avoid failure of global initiatives dedicated to reducing the loss of species, five key policy reforms are necessary: (1) salvage logging must be banned from protected areas; (2) forest planning should address altered disturbance regimes for all intact forests to ensure that significant areas remain undisturbed by logging; (3) new kinds of integrated analyses are needed to assess the potential economic benefits of salvage logging against its ecological, economic, and social costs; (4) global and regional maps of natural disturbance regimes should be created to guide better spatiotemporal planning of protected areas and undisturbed forests outside reserves; and (5) improved education and communication programs are needed to correct widely held misconceptions about natural disturbances.
KW  - anthropogenic disturbance
KW  - forestry
KW  - FSC
KW  - natural disturbance
KW  - protected area management
KW  - sanitary logging
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224256
VL  - 12
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bahram, Mohammad
A1  - Anslan, Sten
A1  - Hildebrand, Falk
A1  - Bork, Peer
A1  - Tedersoo, Leho
T1  - Newly designed 16S rRNA metabarcoding primers amplify diverse and novel archaeal taxa from the environment
JF  - Environmental Microbiology Reports
N2  - High-throughput studies of microbial communities suggest that Archaea are a widespread component of microbial diversity in various ecosystems. However, proper quantification of archaeal diversity and community ecology remains limited, as sequence coverage of Archaea is usually low owing to the inability of available prokaryotic primers to efficiently amplify archaeal compared to bacterial rRNA genes. To improve identification and quantification of Archaea, we designed and validated the utility of several primer pairs to efficiently amplify archaeal 16S rRNA genes based on up-to-date reference genes. We demonstrate that several of these primer pairs amplify phylogenetically diverse Archaea with high sequencing coverage, outperforming commonly used primers. Based on comparing the resulting long 16S rRNA gene fragments with public databases from all habitats, we found several novel family- to phylum-level archaeal taxa from topsoil and surface water. Our results suggest that archaeal diversity has been largely overlooked due to the limitations of available primers, and that improved primer pairs enable to estimate archaeal diversity more accurately.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-221380
VL  - 11
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moll, Julia
A1  - Kellner, Harald
A1  - Leonhardt, Sabrina
A1  - Stengel, Elisa
A1  - Dahl, Andreas
A1  - Bässler, Claus
A1  - Buscot, François
A1  - Hofrichter, Martin
A1  - Hoppe, Björn
T1  - Bacteria inhabiting deadwood of 13 tree species are heterogeneously distributed between sapwood and heartwood
JF  - Environmental Microbiology
N2  - Deadwood represents an important structural component of forest ecosystems, where it provides diverse niches for saproxylic biota. Although wood-inhabiting prokaryotes are involved in its degradation, knowledge about their diversity and the drivers of community structure is scarce. To explore the effect of deadwood substrate on microbial distribution, the present study focuses on the microbial communities of deadwood logs from 13 different tree species investigated using an amplicon based deep-sequencing analysis. Sapwood and heartwood communities were analysed separately and linked to various relevant wood physico-chemical parameters. Overall, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria represented the most dominant phyla. Microbial OTU richness and community structure differed significantly between tree species and between sapwood and heartwood. These differences were more pronounced for heartwood than for sapwood. The pH value and water content were the most important drivers in both wood compartments. Overall, investigating numerous tree species and two compartments provided a remarkably comprehensive view of microbial diversity in deadwood.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224168
VL  - 20
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hilmers, Torben
A1  - Friess, Nicolas
A1  - Bässler, Claus
A1  - Heurich, Marco
A1  - Brandl, Roland
A1  - Pretzsch, Hans
A1  - Seidl, Rupert
A1  - Müller, Jörg
T1  - Biodiversity along temperate forest succession
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
N2  - 1.
The successional dynamics of forests—from canopy openings to regeneration, maturation, and decay—influence the amount and heterogeneity of resources available for forest-dwelling organisms. Conservation has largely focused only on selected stages of forest succession (e.g., late-seral stages). However, to develop comprehensive conservation strategies and to understand the impact of forest management on biodiversity, a quantitative understanding of how different trophic groups vary over the course of succession is needed.

2.
We classified mixed mountain forests in Central Europe into nine successional stages using airborne LiDAR. We analysed α- and β-diversity of six trophic groups encompassing approximately 3,000 species from three kingdoms. We quantified the effect of successional stage on the number of species with and without controlling for species abundances and tested whether the data fit the more-individuals hypothesis or the habitat heterogeneity hypothesis. Furthermore, we analysed the similarity of assemblages along successional development.

3.
The abundance of producers, first-order consumers, and saprotrophic species showed a U-shaped response to forest succession. The number of species of producer and consumer groups generally followed this U-shaped pattern. In contrast to our expectation, the number of saprotrophic species did not change along succession. When we controlled for the effect of abundance, the number of producer and saproxylic beetle species increased linearly with forest succession, whereas the U-shaped response of the number of consumer species persisted. The analysis of assemblages indicated a large contribution of succession-mediated β-diversity to regional γ-diversity.

4.
Synthesis and applications. Depending on the species group, our data supported both the more-individuals hypothesis and the habitat heterogeneity hypothesis. Our results highlight the strong influence of forest succession on biodiversity and underline the importance of controlling for successional dynamics when assessing biodiversity change in response to external drivers such as climate change. The successional stages with highest diversity (early and late successional stages) are currently strongly underrepresented in the forests of Central Europe. We thus recommend that conservation strategies aim at a more balanced representation of all successional stages.
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - forest dynamics
KW  - forest succession
KW  - habitat heterogeneity
KW  - LiDAR
KW  - species density
KW  - temperate forests
KW  - β-diversity
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-320632
VL  - 55
ER  -