TY  - JOUR
A1  - Othman, Eman M.
A1  - Fathy, Moustafa
A1  - Bekhit, Amany Abdlrehim
A1  - Abdel-Razik, Abdel-Razik H.
A1  - Jamal, Arshad
A1  - Nazzal, Yousef
A1  - Shams, Shabana
A1  - Dandekar, Thomas
A1  - Naseem, Muhammad
T1  - Modulatory and toxicological perspectives on the effects of the small molecule kinetin
JF  - Molecules
N2  - Plant hormones are small regulatory molecules that exert pharmacological actions in mammalian cells such as anti-oxidative and pro-metabolic effects. Kinetin belongs to the group of plant hormones cytokinin and has been associated with modulatory functions in mammalian cells. The mammalian adenosine receptor (A2a-R) is known to modulate multiple physiological responses in animal cells. Here, we describe that kinetin binds to the adenosine receptor (A2a-R) through the Asn253 residue in an adenosine dependent manner. To harness the beneficial effects of kinetin for future human use, we assess its acute toxicity by analyzing different biochemical and histological markers in rats. Kinetin at a dose below 1 mg/kg had no adverse effects on the serum level of glucose or on the activity of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes in the kinetin treated rats. Whereas, creatinine levels increased after a kinetin treatment at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. Furthermore, 5 mg/kg treated kinetin rats showed normal renal corpuscles, but a mild degeneration was observed in the renal glomeruli and renal tubules, as well as few degenerated hepatocytes were also observed in the liver. Kinetin doses below 5 mg/kg did not show any localized toxicity in the liver and kidney tissues. In addition to unraveling the binding interaction between kinetin and A2a-R, our findings suggest safe dose limits for the future use of kinetin as a therapeutic and modulatory agent against various pathophysiological conditions.
KW  - cytokinin kinetin
KW  - modulatory effects
KW  - in vivo toxicity
KW  - A2a-R receptor
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223064
SN  - 1420-3049
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
ER  -