TY  - CHAP
A1  - Krüger, Hans-Peter
A1  - Kohnen, Ralph
T1  - Kognitive, emotionale und physiologische Determinanten sozialer Zustände
N2  - The psychological and physiological effects of a socially oriented sensitivity training were evaluated. It is shown that decreased physical distance as well as increased intimacy yields high activation, both in psychological measures (experienced stress) and in pulse frequences. One result (highly significant and replicated in other experiments) was paradoxical: when Ss had to caress the face of a heterosexual vis-a-vis, they reported high experienced stress, but pulse frequences dropped rapidely below the resting pulse. Some suggestions are made to explain these findings. The question arises whether an autonomic somatic process, induced by social Stimulation, but independent of the cognitive coping is responsible for these results.
KW  - Psychologie
Y1  - 1981
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86055
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kohnen, Ralph
A1  - Krüger, Hans-Peter
T1  - Soziale Situationen als experimentelle Bedingungen der Pharmakopsychologie
N2  - Summary (Social Situations as Experimental Conditions in Psychopharmacology): To reduce a great variability of drug effects in healthy subjects, stress conditions are used often in pharmacopsychology. However, empirical results show that the desired stress effects are failing. This paper suggests to realize social stress Situations as interactions between subjects, expecting higher challenging effects than experimentator-subject-interactions, usually used in experimental designs. Two experimental studies are reported: the call-upsituation and the group-therapy situation. The experimental effects were measured by changes of pulse-frequencies. The results indicate that in the two situations high and low dosages of tranquilizing drugs lead to comparable (and so predictable) effects only, if a Situation is high challenging for the experimental subjects. The call-up situation, which proves performance, challenges male subjects highly. The emotional or social competence demanding group-therapy situation is a high challenging situation for warnen. It is concluded that no situation is stressing a person generally. Depending from personality characteristics, differential stressor effects appear. Consequences for experiments in pharmacopsychology are discussed.
KW  - Soziale Situation
KW  - Psychopharmakologie
Y1  - 1981
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86041
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Krüger, Hans-Peter
A1  - Kohnen, Ralf
A1  - Lienert, Gustav A.
T1  - Drei Forderungen zur Prüfung der Homogenität von Zentren bei Multicenter-Studien
N2  - Es wird argumentiert, daß bei der Prüfung der Homgenität von Zentren in mehrfaktoriellen Multicenter-Studien vor allem entscheidend ist, daß sich die Zentren in den faktoriellen Variablen nicht unterscheiden, deren Effekte in der späteren Auswertung interpretiert werden sollen. Dazu wird folgendes Procedere vorgeschlagen: (1) überprüfe, ob in allen Zentren die Randomisierungsbedingungen eingehalten wurden, (2) überprüfe, ob die Zentren homogen bezogen auf die eingebrachten Schichtvariablen (z.B. Geschlecht, Indikation) sind und (3) überprüfe, ob die Zentren homogen sind bezogen auf die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den eingebrachten faktoriellen Variablen. Es wird gezeigt, daß vor allem Forderung (3) für die Interpretationsfähigkeit der Ergebnisse von entscheidender Bedeutung ist. Möglichkeiten der statistischen Prüfung dieser Voraussetzungen werden an einem Beispiel aus der klinischen Prüfung eines Psychopharmakons vorgestellt.
KW  - Psychologie
Y1  - 1981
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-101730
ER  -