TY - JOUR
A1 - Buder, Kristina
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Kreissl, Michael C.
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
A1 - Schnack, Alexander
A1 - Bröcker, Eva-Bettina
A1 - Goebeler, Matthias
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Becker, Jürgen C.
T1 - "Somatostatin receptor expression in Merkel cell carcinoma as target for molecular imaging"
N2 - Background
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare cutaneous neoplasm with increasing incidence, aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Somatostatin receptors (SSTR) are expressed in MCC and represent a potential target for both imaging and treatment.
Methods
To non-invasively assess SSTR expression in MCC using PET and the radiotracers [68Ga]DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (DOTATOC) or -octreotate (DOTATATE) as surrogate for tumor burden. In 24 patients with histologically proven MCC SSTR-PET was performed and compared to results of computed tomography (CT).
Results
SSTR-PET detected primary and metastatic MCC lesions. On a patient-based analysis, sensitivity of SSTR-PET was 73% for nodal metastases, 100% for bone, and 67% for soft-tissue metastases, respectively. Notably, brain metastases were initially detected by SSTR-PET in 2 patients, whereas liver and lung metastases were diagnosed exclusively by CT. SSTR-PET showed concordance to CT results in 20 out of 24 patients. Four patients (17%) were up-staged due to SSTR-PET and patient management was changed in 3 patients (13%).
Conclusion
SSTR-PET showed high sensitivity for imaging bone, soft tissue and brain metastases, and particularly in combination with CT had a significant impact on clinical stage and patient management.
KW - Merkel cell carcinoma
KW - Molecular imaging
KW - Somatostatin receptor expression
KW - Positron emission tomography
Y1 - 2014
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-110326
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zhou, Xiang
A1 - Dierks, Alexander
A1 - Kertels, Olivia
A1 - Kircher, Malte
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Knorz, Sebastian
A1 - Böckle, David
A1 - Scheller, Lukas
A1 - Messerschmidt, Janin
A1 - Barakat, Mohammad
A1 - Kortüm, K. Martin
A1 - Rasche, Leo
A1 - Einsele, Hermann
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
T1 - 18F-FDG, 11C-Methionine, and 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT in patients with smoldering multiple myeloma: imaging pattern and clinical features
JF - Cancers
N2 - This study aimed to explore the correlation between imaging patterns and clinical features in patients with smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) who simultaneously underwent 18F-FDG, 11C-Methionine, and 68Ga-Pentixafor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). We retrieved and analyzed clinical characteristics and PET imaging data of 10 patients with SMM. We found a significant correlation between bone marrow (BM) plasma cell (PC) infiltration and mean standardized uptake values (SUV\(_{mean}\)) of lumbar vertebrae L2-L4 on 11C-Methionine PET/CT scans (r = 0.676, p = 0.031) and 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT scans (r = 0.839, p = 0.002). However, there was no significant correlation between BM involvement and SUV\(_{mean}\) of lumbar vertebrae L2-L4 on 18F-FDG PET/CT scans (r = 0.558, p = 0.093). Similarly, mean target-to-background ratios (TBR\(_{mean}\)) of lumbar vertebrae L2-L4 also correlated with bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC) infiltration in 11C-Methionine PET/CT (r = 0.789, p = 0.007) and 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT (r = 0.724, p = 0.018) PET/CT. In contrast, we did not observe a significant correlation between BMPC infiltration rate and TBR\(_{mean}\) in 18F-FDG PET/CT (r = 0.355, p = 0.313). Additionally, on 11C-Methionine PET/CT scans, we found a significant correlation between BMPC infiltration and TBR\(_{max}\) of lumbar vertebrae L2-L4 (r = 0.642, p = 0.045). In conclusion, 11C-Methionine and 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT demonstrate higher sensitivity than 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting BM involvement in SMM.
KW - 18F-FDG PET/CT
KW - 11C-Methionine PET/CT
KW - 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT
KW - smoldering myeloma
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-211240
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 12
IS - 8
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lückerath, Katharina
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Malzahn, Uwe
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Einsele, Herrmann
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
A1 - Knop, Stefan
T1 - 18FDG-PET/CT for prognostic stratification of patients with multiple myeloma relapse after stem cell transplantation
N2 - The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in 37 patients with a history of multiple myeloma (MM) and suspected or confirmed recurrence after stem cell transplantation (SCT). All patients had been heavily pre-treated. Time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were correlated to a number of different PET-derived as well as clinical parameters. Impact on patient management was assessed.
Absence of FDG-avid MM foci was a positive prognostic factor for both TTP and OS (p<0.01). Presence of >10 focal lesions correlated with both TTP (p<0.01) and OS (p<0.05). Interestingly, presence of >10 lesions in the appendicular skeleton proved to have the strongest association with disease progression. Intensity of glucose uptake and presence of extramedullary disease were associated with shorter TTP (p=0.037 and p=0.049, respectively). Manifestations in soft tissue structures turned out to be a strong negative predictor for both, TTP and OS (p<0.01, respectively). PET resulted in a change of management in 30% of patients.
Our data underline the prognostic value of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in MM patients also in the setting of post-SCT relapse. PET/CT has a significant impact on patient management.
KW - 18FDG-PET/CT
KW - Multiple myeloma
KW - molecular imaging
KW - FDG-PET/CT
Y1 - 2014
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-113107
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Li, Xiang
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Israel, Ina
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Kreissl, Michael C.
A1 - Bauer, Wolfgang
T1 - 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT for the detection of inflammation of large arteries: correlation with18F-FDG, calcium burden and risk factors
N2 - Background: Ga-[1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N0,N00,N000-tetraacetic acid]-d-Phe1,Tyr3-octreotate (DOTATATE) positron emission tomography (PET) is commonly used for the visualization of somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-positive neuroendocrine tumors. SSTR is also known to be expressed on macrophages, which play a major role in inflammatory processes in the walls of coronary arteries and large vessels. Therefore, imaging SSTR expression has the potential to visualize vulnerable plaques. We assessed 68Ga-DOTATATE accumulation in large vessels in comparison to 18F-2-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake, calcified plaques (CPs), and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients with neuroendocrine tumors or thyroid cancer underwent both 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT for staging or restaging purposes. Detailed clinical data, including common cardiovascular risk factors, were recorded. For a separate assessment, they were divided into a high-risk and a low-risk group. In each patient, we calculated the maximum target-to-background ratio (TBR) of eight arterial segments. The correlation of the TBRmean of both tracers with risk factors including plaque burden was assessed. Results: The mean TBR of 68Ga-DOTATATE in all large arteries correlated significantly with the presence of CPs (r = 0.52; p < 0.05), hypertension (r = 0.60; p < 0.05), age (r = 0.56; p < 0.05), and uptake of 18F-FDG (r = 0.64; p < 0.01). There was one significant correlation between 18F-FDG uptake and hypertension (0.58; p < 0.05). Out of the 37 sites with the highest focal 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake, 16 (43.2%) also had focal 18F-FDG uptake. Of 39 sites with the highest 18F-FDG uptake, only 11 (28.2%) had a colocalized 68Ga-DOTATATE accumulation. Conclusions: In this series of cancer patients, we found a stronger association of increased 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake with known risk factors of cardiovascular disease as compared to 18F-FDG, suggesting a potential role for plaque imaging in large arteries. Strikingly, we found that focal uptake of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG does not colocalize in a significant number of lesions.
KW - Medizin
KW - Atherosclerotic plaque
KW - 68Ga-DOTATATE
KW - Somatostatin receptor
KW - Cardiovascular risk factors
KW - Macrophage
Y1 - 2012
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-76231
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Breun, Maria
A1 - Monoranu, Camelia M.
A1 - Kessler, Almuth F.
A1 - Matthies, Cordula
A1 - Löhr, Mario
A1 - Hagemann, Carsten
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
A1 - Pomper, Martin G.
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Wester, Hans-Jürgen
A1 - Ernestus, Ralf-Ingo
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
T1 - [\(^{68}\)Ga]-Pentixafor PET/CT for CXCR4-mediated imaging of vestibular schwannomas
JF - Frontiers in Oncology
N2 - We have recently demonstrated CXCR4 overexpression in vestibular schwannomas (VS). This study investigated the feasibility of CXCR4-directed positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of VS using the radiolabeled chemokine ligand [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor.
Methods: 4 patients with 6 primarily diagnosed or pre-treated/observed VS were enrolled. All subjects underwent [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT prior to surgical resection. Images were analyzed visually and semi-quantitatively for CXCR4 expression including calculation of tumor-to-background ratios (TBR). Immunohistochemistry served as standard of reference in three patients.
Results: [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT was visually positive in all cases. SUV\(_{mean}\) and SUV\(_{max}\) were 3.0 ± 0.3 and 3.8 ± 0.4 and TBR\(_{mean}\) and TBR\(_{max}\) were 4.0 ± 1.4 and 5.0 ± 1.7, respectively. Histological analysis confirmed CXCR4 expression in tumors.
Conclusion: Non-invasive imaging of CXCR4 expression using [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT of VS is feasible and could prove useful for in vivo assessment of CXCR4 expression.
KW - vestibular schwannoma
KW - CXCR4
KW - PET/CT
KW - molecular imaging
KW - Pentixafor
Y1 - 2019
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201863
VL - 9
IS - 503
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Schreder, Martin
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Kortüm, Klaus Martin
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
A1 - Kropf, Saskia
A1 - Einsele, Herrmann
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Wester, Hans-Jürgen
A1 - Knop, Stefan
A1 - Lückerath, Katharina
T1 - [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET/CT for imaging of chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression in multiple myeloma - comparison to [\(^{18}\)F]FDG and laboratory values
JF - Theranostics
N2 - Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a key factor for tumor growth and metastasis in several types of human cancer including multiple myeloma (MM). Proof-of-concept of CXCR4-directed radionuclide therapy in MM has recently been reported. This study assessed the diagnostic performance of the CXCR4-directed radiotracer [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor in MM and a potential role for stratifying patients to CXCR4-directed therapies.
Thirty-five patients with MM underwent [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET/CT for evaluation of eligibility for endoradiotherapy. In 19/35 cases, [\(^{18}\)F]FDG-PET/CT for correlation was available. Scans were compared on a patient and on a lesion basis. Tracer uptake was correlated with standard clinical parameters of disease activity.
[\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET detected CXCR4-positive disease in 23/35 subjects (66%). CXCR4-positivity at PET was independent from myeloma subtypes, cytogenetics or any serological parameters and turned out as a negative prognostic factor. In the 19 patients in whom a comparison to [\(^{18}\)F]FDG was available, [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET detected more lesions in 4/19 (21%) subjects, [\(^{18}\)F]FDG proved superior in 7/19 (37%). In the remaining 8/19 (42%) patients, both tracers detected an equal number of lesions. [\(^{18}\)F]FDG-PET positivity correlated with [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET positivity (p=0.018).
[\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET provides further evidence that CXCR4 expression frequently occurs in advanced multiple myeloma, representing a negative prognostic factor and a potential target for myeloma specific treatment. However, selecting patients for CXCR4 directed therapies and prognostic stratification seem to be more relevant clinical applications for this novel imaging modality, rather than diagnostic imaging of myeloma.
KW - medicine
KW - multiple myeloma
KW - FDG
KW - molecular imaging
KW - CXCR4
KW - PET
KW - radionuclide therapy
KW - theranostics
Y1 - 2017
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172106
VL - 7
IS - 1
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Garcia-Velloso, Maria J.
A1 - Lückerath, Katharina
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Schreder, Martin
A1 - Otero, Paula Rodriguez
A1 - Schmid, Jan-Stefan
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
A1 - Knop, Stefan
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Einsele, Hermann
A1 - San-Miguel, Jesus
A1 - Kortüm, Klaus Martin
T1 - \(^{11}\)C-methionine-PET in multiple myeloma: a combined study from two different institutions
JF - Theranostics
N2 - \(^{11}\)C-methionine (MET) has recently emerged as an accurate marker of tumor burden and disease activity in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). This dual-center study aimed at further corroboration of the superiority of MET as positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for staging and re-staging MM, as compared to \(^{18}\)F-2`-deoxy-2`-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG).
78 patients with a history of solitary plasmacytoma (n=4), smoldering MM (SMM, n=5), and symptomatic MM (n=69) underwent both MET- and FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) at the University Centers of Würzburg, Germany and Navarra, Spain. Scans were compared on a patient and on a lesion basis. Inter-reader agreement was also evaluated. In 2 patients, tumor biopsies for verification of discordant imaging results were available.
MET-PET detected focal lesions (FL) in 59/78 subjects (75.6%), whereas FDG-PET/CT showed lesions in only 47 patients (60.3%; p<0.01), accordingly disease activity would have been missed in 12 patients. Directed biopsies of discordant results confirmed MET-PET/CT results in both cases.
MET depicted more FL in 44 patients (56.4%; p<0.01), whereas in two patients (2/78), FDG proved superior. In the remainder (41.0%, 32/78), both tracers yielded comparable results. Inter-reader agreement for MET was higher than for FDG (κ = 0.82 vs κ = 0.72).
This study demonstrates higher sensitivity of MET in comparison to standard FDG to detect intra- and extramedullary MM including histologic evidence of FDG-negative, viable disease exclusively detectable by MET-PET/CT. MET holds the potential to replace FDG as functional imaging standard for staging and re-staging of MM.
KW - medicine
KW - PET/CT
KW - \(^{11}\)C-methionine
KW - multiple myeloma
KW - FDG
Y1 - 2017
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172038
VL - 7
IS - 11
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lückerath, Katharina
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Albert, Christa
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
A1 - Jörg, Gerhard
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Einsele, Herrmann
A1 - Knop, Stefan
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
T1 - \(^{11}\)C-Methionine-PET: a novel and sensitive tool for monitoring of early response to treatment in multiple myeloma
JF - Oncotarget
N2 - Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an essentially incurable hematologic malignancy. However, new treatment modalities and novel drugs have been introduced and thus additional tools for therapy monitoring are increasingly needed. Therefore, we evaluated the radiotracers \(^{11}\)C-Methionine (paraprotein-biosynthesis) and \(^{18}\)F-FDG (glucose-utilization) for monitoring response to anti-myeloma-therapy and outcome prediction. Influence of proteasome-inhibition on radiotracer-uptake of different MM cell-lines and patient-derived CD138\(^{+}\) plasma cells was analyzed and related to tumor-biology. Mice xenotransplanted with MM. 1S tumors underwent MET- and FDG-\(\mu\)PET. Tumor-to-background ratios before and after 24 h, 8 and 15 days treatment with bortezomib were correlated to survival. Treatment reduced both MET and FDG uptake; changes in tracer-retention correlated with a switch from high to low CD138-expression. In xenotransplanted mice, MET-uptake significantly decreased by 30-79% as early as 24 h after bortezomib injection. No significant differences were detected thus early with FDG. This finding was confirmed in patient-derived MM cells. Importantly, early reduction of MET-but not FDG-uptake correlated with improved survival and reduced tumor burden in mice. Our results suggest that MET is superior to FDG in very early assessment of response to anti-myeloma-therapy. Early changes in MET-uptake have predictive potential regarding response and survival. MET-PET holds promise to individualize therapies in MM in future.
KW - positron emission tomography
KW - imaging techniques
KW - experience
KW - \(^{11}\)C-Methionine-PET
KW - treatment response
KW - molecular imaging
KW - multiple myeloma
KW - management
KW - \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET/CT
KW - bone disease
KW - stem-cell transplantation
KW - esophagogastric junction
Y1 - 2015
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-148688
VL - 6
IS - 10
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Morales-Lozano, Maria I.
A1 - Viering, Oliver
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Rodriguez-Otero, Paula
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Marcos-Jubilar, Maria
A1 - Rasche, Leo
A1 - Prieto, Elena
A1 - Kortüm, K. Martin
A1 - San-Miguel, Jesus
A1 - Garcia-Velloso, Maria J.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
T1 - \(^{18}\)F-FDG and \(^{11}\)C-methionine PET/CT in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: comparison of volume-based PET biomarkers
JF - Cancers
N2 - \(^{11}\)C-methionine (\(^{11}\)C-MET) is a new positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for the assessment of disease activity in multiple myeloma (MM) patients, with preliminary data suggesting higher sensitivity and specificity than \(^{18}\)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (\(^{18}\)F-FDG). However, the value of tumor burden biomarkers has yet to be investigated. Our goals were to corroborate the superiority of \(^{11}\)C-MET for MM staging and to compare its suitability for the assessment of metabolic tumor burden biomarkers in comparison to \(^{18}\)F-FDG. Twenty-two patients with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve symptomatic MM who had undergone \(^{11}\)C-MET and \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET/CT were evaluated. Standardized uptake values (SUV) were determined and compared with total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) for both tracers: total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and total lesion \(^{11}\)C-MET uptake (TLMU). PET-derived values were compared to Revised International Staging System (R-ISS), cytogenetic, and serologic MM markers such as M component, beta 2 microglobulin (B2M), serum free light chains (FLC), albumin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In 11 patients (50%), \(^{11}\)C-MET detected more focal lesions (FL) than FDG (p < 0.01). SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, TMTV, and TLMU were also significantly higher in \(^{11}\)C-MET than in \(^{18}\)F-FDG (p < 0.05, respectively). \(^{11}\)C-MET PET biomarkers had a better correlation with tumor burden (bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, M component; p < 0.05 versus p = n.s. respectively). This pilot study suggests that \(^{11}\)C-MET PET/CT is a more sensitive marker for the assessment of myeloma tumor burden than \(^{18}\)F-FDG. Its implications for prognosis evaluation need further investigation.
KW - multiple myeloma
KW - methionine
KW - total lesion glycolysis (TLG)
KW - metabolic tumor volume (MTV)
KW - total lesion methionine uptake (TLMU)
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203686
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 12
IS - 4
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Derlin, Thorsten
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Sheikbahaei, Sara
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Giesel, Frederik L.
A1 - Behr, Spencer
A1 - Drzezga, Alexander
A1 - Kimura, Hiroyuki
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Bengel, Frank M.
A1 - Pomper, Martin G.
A1 - Gorin, Michael A.
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
T1 - \(^{18}\)F-labeled, PSMA-targeted radiotracers: leveraging the advantages of radiofluorination for prostate cancer molecular imaging
JF - Theranostics
N2 - Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET imaging for prostate cancer with \(^{68}\)Ga-labeled compounds has rapidly become adopted as part of routine clinical care in many parts of the world. However, recent years have witnessed the start of a shift from \(^{68}\)Ga- to \(^{18}\)F-labeled PSMA-targeted compounds. The latter imaging agents have several key advantages, which may lay the groundwork for an even more widespread adoption into the clinic. First, facilitated delivery from distant suppliers expands the availability of PET radiopharmaceuticals in smaller hospitals operating a PET center but lacking the patient volume to justify an onsite \(^{68}\)Ge/\(^{68}\)Ga generator. Thus, such an approach meets the increasing demand for PSMA-targeted PET imaging in areas with lower population density and may even lead to cost-savings compared to in-house production. Moreover, \(^{18}\)F-labeled radiotracers have a higher positron yield and lower positron energy, which in turn decreases image noise, improves contrast resolution, and maximizes the likelihood of detecting subtle lesions. In addition, the longer half-life of 110 min allows for improved delayed imaging protocols and flexibility in study design, which may further increase diagnostic accuracy. Moreover, such compounds can be distributed to sites which are not allowed to produce radiotracers on-site due to regulatory issues or to centers without access to a cyclotron. In light of these advantageous characteristics, \(^{18}\)F-labeled PSMA-targeted PET radiotracers may play an important role in both optimizing this transformative imaging modality and making it widely available. We have aimed to provide a concise overview of emerging \(^{18}\)F-labeled PSMA-targeted radiotracers undergoing active clinical development. Given the wide array of available radiotracers, comparative studies are needed to firmly establish the role of the available \(^{18}\)F-labeled compounds in the field of molecular PCa imaging, preferably in different clinical scenarios.
KW - Radiofluorine
KW - prostate-specific membrane antigen
KW - prostate cancer
KW - \(^{18}\)F
KW - PSMA
KW - \(^{68}\)Ga
KW - theranostics
KW - radioligand therapy
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-202559
SN - 1838-7640
VL - 10
IS - 1
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Lückerath, Katharina
A1 - Kleinlein, Irene
A1 - Monoranu, Camelia Maria
A1 - Linsenmann, Thomas
A1 - Kessler, Almuth F.
A1 - Rudelius, Martina
A1 - Kropf, Saskia
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Ernestus, Ralf-Ingo
A1 - Wester, Hans-Jürgen
A1 - Löhr, Mario
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
T1 - \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT for Imaging of Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression in Glioblastoma
JF - Theranostics
N2 - Chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) has been reported to be overexpressed in glioblastoma (GBM) and to be associated with poor survival. This study investigated the feasibility of non-invasive CXCR4-directed imaging with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using the radiolabelled chemokine receptor ligand \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor.
15 patients with clinical suspicion on primary or recurrent glioblastoma (13 primary, 2 recurrent tumors) underwent \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT for assessment of CXCR4 expression prior to surgery. O-(2-\(^{18}\)F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (\(^{18}\)F-FET) PET/CT images were available in 11/15 cases and were compared visually and semi-quantitatively (SUV\(_{max}\), SUV\(_{mean}\)). Tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) were calculated for both PET probes. \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT results were also compared to histological CXCR4 expression on neuronavigated surgical samples.
\(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT was visually positive in 13/15 cases with SUV\(_{mean}\) and SUV\(_{max}\) of 3.0±1.5 and 3.9±2.0 respectively. Respective values for \(^{18}\)F-FET were 4.4±2.0 (SUV\(_{mean}\)) and 5.3±2.3 (SUV\(_{max}\)). TBR for SUV\(_{mean}\) and SUV\(_{max}\) were higher for \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor than for \(^{18}\)F-FET (SUV\(_{mean}\) 154.0±90.7 vs. 4.1±1.3; SUV\(_{max}\) 70.3±44.0 and 3.8±1.2, p<0.01), respectively. Histological analysis confirmed CXCR4 expression in tumor areas with high \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor uptake; regions of the same tumor without apparent \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor uptake showed no or low receptor expression.
In this pilot study, \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor retention has been observed in the vast majority of glioblastoma lesions and served as readout for non-invasive determination of CXCR4 expression. Given the paramount importance of the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis in tumor biology, \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor-PET/CT might prove a useful tool for sensitive, non-invasive in-vivo quantification of CXCR4 as well as selection of patients who might benefit from CXCR4-directed therapy.
KW - imaging
KW - chemokine receptor-4
KW - glioblastoma
KW - positron emission tomography/computed tomography
KW - \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor
Y1 - 2016
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-168174
VL - 6
IS - 3
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Andree, Christian
A1 - Javadi, Mehrbod S.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Pomper, Martin G.
A1 - Gorin, Michael A.
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
A1 - Pienta, Kenneth J.
T1 - A Voice From the Past: Re-Discovering the Virchow Node with PSMA-targeted \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL PET Imaging
T2 - Urology - The Gold Journal
N2 - No abstract available.
KW - 18F-DCFPyL
KW - Virchow Node
KW - PSMA-PET
KW - Virchow Node
KW - Positron Emission Tomography
KW - Prostate Cancer
KW - PET
Y1 - 2018
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161103
SN - 0090-4295
N1 - This is the accepted manuscript of Rudolf Werner, Christian Andree, Mehrbod S. Javadi, Constantin Lapa, Andreas K. Buck, Takahiro Higuchi, Martin G. Pomper, Michael A.Gorin, Steven P.Rowe, Kenneth J. Pienta: A Voice From the Past: Re-Discovering the Virchow Node with PSMA-Targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET Imaging. Published in Urology 117(2018), p. 18-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2018.03.030
N1 - Die finale Version dieses Artikels steht unter https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2018.03.030 oder https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164632 open access zur Verfügung.
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Andree, Christian
A1 - Javadi, Mehrbod S.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Pomper, Martin G.
A1 - Gorin, Michael A.
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
A1 - Pienta, Kenneth J.
T1 - A Voice From the Past: Re-Discovering the Virchow Node with PSMA-targeted \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL PET Imaging
JF - Urology - The Gold Journal
N2 - No abstract available.
KW - 18F-DCFPyL
KW - PET
KW - PSMA-PET
KW - Positron Emission Tomography
KW - Prostate Cancer
KW - Virchow Node
Y1 - 2018
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164632
SN - 0090-4295
VL - 117
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kosmala, Aleksander
A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E.
A1 - Dreher, Niklas
A1 - Lindner, Thomas
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Weich, Alexander
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
T1 - Associations between normal organs and tumor burden in patients imaged with fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-directed positron emission tomography
JF - Cancers
N2 - (1) Background: We aimed to quantitatively investigate [\(^{68}\)Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 uptake in normal organs and to assess a relationship with the extent of FAPI-avid tumor burden. (2) Methods: In this single-center retrospective analysis, thirty-four patients with solid cancers underwent a total of 40 [\(^{68}\)Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT scans. Mean standardized uptake values (SUV\(_{mean}\)) for normal organs were established by placing volumes of interest (VOIs) in the heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, and bone marrow. Total tumor burden was determined by manual segmentation of tumor lesions with increased uptake. For tumor burden, quantitative assessment included maximum SUV (SUV\(_{max}\)), tumor volume (TV), and fractional tumor activity (FTA = TV × SUV\(_{mean}\)). Associations between uptake in normal organs and tumor burden were investigated by applying Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. (3) Results: Median SUV\(_{mean}\) values were 2.15 in the pancreas (range, 1.05–9.91), 1.42 in the right (range, 0.57–3.06) and 1.41 in the left kidney (range, 0.73–2.97), 1.2 in the heart (range, 0.46–2.59), 0.86 in the spleen (range, 0.55–1.58), 0.65 in the liver (range, 0.31–2.11), and 0.57 in the bone marrow (range, 0.26–0.94). We observed a trend towards significance for uptake in the myocardium and tumor-derived SUV\(_{max}\) (ρ = 0.29, p = 0.07) and TV (ρ = −0.30, p = 0.06). No significant correlation was achieved for any of the other organs: SUV\(_{max}\) (ρ ≤ 0.1, p ≥ 0.42), TV (ρ ≤ 0.11, p ≥ 0.43), and FTA (ρ ≤ 0.14, p ≥ 0.38). In a sub-analysis exclusively investigating patients with high tumor burden, significant correlations of myocardial uptake with tumor SUV\(_{max}\) (ρ = 0.44; p = 0.03) and tumor-derived FTA with liver uptake (ρ = 0.47; p = 0.02) were recorded. (4) Conclusions: In this proof-of-concept study, quantification of [\(^{68}\)Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET showed no significant correlation between normal organs and tumor burden, except for a trend in the myocardium. Those preliminary findings may trigger future studies to determine possible implications for treatment with radioactive FAP-targeted drugs, as higher tumor load or uptake may not lead to decreased doses in the majority of normal organs.
KW - PET
KW - [\(^{68}\)Ga]Ga-FAPI
KW - theranostics
KW - radioligand therapy
KW - fibroblast activation protein
Y1 - 2022
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-275154
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 14
IS - 11
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Janssen, Jan P.
A1 - Hoffmann, Jan V.
A1 - Kanno, Takayuki
A1 - Nose, Naoko
A1 - Grunz, Jan-Peter
A1 - Onoguchi, Masahisa
A1 - Chen, Xinyu
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
T1 - Capabilities of multi-pinhole SPECT with two stationary detectors for in vivo rat imaging
JF - Scientific Reports
N2 - We aimed to investigate the image quality of the U-SPECT5/CT E-Class a micro single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system with two large stationary detectors for visualization of rat hearts and bones using clinically available \(^{99m}\)Tc-labelled tracers. Sensitivity, spatial resolution, uniformity and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the small-animal SPECT scanner were investigated in phantom studies using an ultra-high-resolution rat and mouse multi-pinhole collimator (UHR-RM). Point source, hot-rod, and uniform phantoms with \(^{99m}\)Tc-solution were scanned for high-count performance assessment and count levels equal to animal scans, respectively. Reconstruction was performed using the similarity-regulated ordered-subsets expectation maximization (SROSEM) algorithm with Gaussian smoothing. Rats were injected with similar to 100 MBq [\(^{99m}\)TcTc-MIBI or similar to 150 MBq [\(^{99m}\)Tc]Tc-HMDP and received multi-frame micro-SPECT imaging after tracer distribution. Animal scans were reconstructed for three different acquisition times and post-processed with different sized Gaussian filters. Following reconstruction, CNR was calculated and image quality evaluated by three independent readers on a five-point scale from 1="very poor" to 5="very good". Point source sensitivity was 567 cps/MBq and radioactive rods as small as 1.2 mm were resolved with the UHR-RM collimator. Collimator-dependent uniformity was 55.5%. Phantom CNR improved with increasing rod size, filter size and activity concentration. Left ventricle and bone structures were successfully visualized in rat experiments. Image quality was strongly affected by the extent of post-filtering, whereas scan time did not have substantial influence on visual assessment. Good image quality was achieved for resolution range greater than 1.8 mm in bone and 2.8 mm in heart. The recently introduced small animal SPECT system with two stationary detectors and UHR-RM collimator is capable to provide excellent image quality in heart and bone scans in a rat using standardized reconstruction parameters and appropriate post-filtering. However, there are still challenges in achieving maximum system resolution in the sub-millimeter range with in vivo settings under limited injection dose and acquisition time.
KW - small animal SPECT
KW - HMDP hydroxymethylene diphosphonate
KW - skeletal
KW - quality
KW - scanner
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230616
VL - 10
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Herrmann, Ken
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Hänscheid, Heribert
A1 - Lückerath, Katharina
A1 - Schottelius, Margret
A1 - Kircher, Malte
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Schreder, Martin
A1 - Samnick, Samuel
A1 - Kropf, Saskia
A1 - Knop, Stefan
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Einsele, Hermann
A1 - Wester, Hans-Juergen
A1 - Kortüm, K. Martin
T1 - CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy induces high response rates in extramedullary relapsed multiple myeloma
JF - Theranostics
N2 - C-X-C-motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a key factor for tumor growth and metastasis in several types of human cancer. We have recently reported promising first-in-man experience with CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy (ERT) in multiple myeloma (MM).
Eight heavily pretreated MM patients underwent a total of 10 ERT cycles (7 patients with 1 cycle and a single patient with 3 cycles). ERT was administered in combination with chemotherapy and autologous stem cell support. End points were occurrence and timing of adverse events, progression-free and overall survival.
ERT was overall well tolerated without any unexpected acute adverse events or changes in vital signs. With absorbed tumor doses >30-70 Gy in intra- or extramedullary lesions, significant anti-myeloma activity was observed with 1 patient achieving complete remission and 5/8 partial remission. Directly after ERT major infectious complications were seen in one patient who died from sepsis 22 days after ERT, another patient with high tumor burden experienced lethal tumor lysis syndrome. Median progression-free survival was 54 days (range, 13-175), median overall survival was 223 days (range, 13-313). During follow-up (6 patients available), one patient died from infectious complications, 2/8 from disease progression, the remaining 3/8 patients are still alive.
CXCR4-directed ERT was well-tolerated and exerted anti-myeloma activity even at very advanced stage MM with presence of extramedullary disease. Further assessment of this novel treatment option is highly warranted.
KW - medicine
KW - multiple myeloma
KW - PET
KW - CXCR4
KW - theranostics
Y1 - 2017
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172095
VL - 7
IS - 6
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Kircher, Stefan
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Kircher, Malte
A1 - Schirbel, Andreas
A1 - Wester, Hans-Jürgen
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Pomper, Martin G.
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
T1 - CXCR4-directed imaging in solid tumors
JF - Frontiers in Oncology
N2 - Despite histological evidence in various solid tumor entities, available experience with CXCR4-directed diagnostics and endoradiotherapy mainly focuses on hematologic diseases. With the goal of expanding the application of CXCR4 theranostics to solid tumors, we aimed to elucidate the feasibility of CXCR4-targeted imaging in a variety of such neoplasms.
Methods: Nineteen patients with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve solid tumors including pancreatic adenocarcinoma or neuroendocrine tumor, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer underwent [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT. CXCR4-mediated uptake was assessed both visually and semi-quantitatively by evaluation of maximum standardized uptake values (SUV\(_{max}\)) of both primary tumors and metastases. With physiologic liver uptake as reference, tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) were calculated. [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor findings were further compared to immunohistochemistry and [\(^{18}\)F]FDG PET/CT.
Results: On [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor PET/CT, 10/19 (52.6%) primary tumors were visually detectable with a median SUVmax of 5.4 (range, 1.7–16.0) and a median TBR of 2.6 (range, 0.8–7.4), respectively. The highest level of radiotracer uptake was identified in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma (SUVmax, 16.0; TBR, 7.4). The relatively low uptake on [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor was also noted in metastases, exhibiting a median SUVmax of 4.5 (range, 2.3–8.8; TBR, 1.7; range, 1.0–4.1). A good correlation between uptake on [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor and histological derived CXCR4 expression was noted (R = 0.62, P < 0.05). In the 3 patients in whom [\(^{18}\)F]FDG PET/CT was available, [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor exhibited lower uptake in all lesions.
Conclusions: In this cohort of newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve patients with solid malignancies, CXCR4 expression as detected by [\(^{68}\)Ga]Pentixafor-PET/CT and immunohistochemistry was rather moderate. Thus, CXCR4-directed imaging may not play a major role in the management of solid tumors in the majority of patients.
KW - CXCR4
KW - [68Ga]Pentixafor
KW - theranostics
KW - solid tumors
KW - chemokine receptor
Y1 - 2019
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195678
SN - 2234-943X
VL - 9
IS - 770
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Weich, Alexander
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E.
A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E.
A1 - Scheurlen, Michael
A1 - Wester, Hans-Jürgen
A1 - Meining, Alexander
A1 - Kircher, Stefan
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Pomper, Martin G.
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Kircher, Malte
T1 - CXCR4-Directed PET/CT in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Neuroendocrine Carcinomas
JF - Diagnostics
N2 - We aimed to elucidate the diagnostic potential of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-directed positron emission tomography (PET) tracer \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor in patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), relative to the established reference standard \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT). In our database, we retrospectively identified 11 treatment-naïve patients with histologically proven NEC, who underwent \(^{18}\)F-FDG and CXCR4-directed PET/CT for staging and therapy planning. The images were analyzed on a per-patient and per-lesion basis and compared to immunohistochemical staining (IHC) of CXCR4 from PET-guided biopsies. \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor visualized tumor lesions in 10/11 subjects, while \(^{18}\)F-FDG revealed sites of disease in all 11 patients. Although weak to moderate CXCR4 expression could be corroborated by IHC in 10/11 cases, \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET/CT detected significantly more tumor lesions (102 vs. 42; total lesions, n = 107; p < 0.001). Semi-quantitative analysis revealed markedly higher 18F-FDG uptake as compared to \(^{68}\)Ga-Pentixafor (maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUV) and tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) of cancerous lesions, SUVmax: 12.8 ± 9.8 vs. 5.2 ± 3.7; SUVmean: 7.4 ± 5.4 vs. 3.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001; and, TBR 7.2 ± 7.9 vs. 3.4 ± 3.0, p < 0.001). Non-invasive imaging of CXCR4 expression in NEC is inferior to the reference standard \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET/CT.
KW - CXCR4
KW - NET
KW - NEC
KW - 68Ga-Pentixafor
KW - 18F-FDG
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-234231
SN - 2075-4418
VL - 11
IS - 4
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E.
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina
A1 - Meyer, Philipp T.
A1 - Ruf, Juri
A1 - Michalski, Kerstin
T1 - Development of Discordant Hypermetabolic Prostate Cancer Lesions in the Course of [\(^{177}\)Lu]PSMA Radioligand Therapy and Their Possible Influence on Patient Outcome
JF - Cancers
N2 - Simple Summary
Discordant FDG-positive but PSMA-negative (FDG+/PSMA−) metastases constitute a negative prognostic marker of overall survival in patients undergoing PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). The aim of this analysis was to investigate the prognostic implications of new FDG+/PSMA− lesions, which occur during or after PSMA RLT. In a retrospective bicentric analysis of 32 patients undergoing PSMA RLT and follow-up dual tracer staging with PSMA and FDG PET/CT, FDG+/PSMA− lesions occurred in a limited number of patients. However, the presence of FDG+/PSMA− lesions appears not to have a significant impact on the OS, but further studies are needed to establish the clinical relevance of such lesions.
Abstract
Introduction: Positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PET/CT) targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is crucial for the assessment of adequate PSMA expression in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) prior to PSMA radioligand therapy (PSMA RLT). Moreover, initial dual tracer staging using combined PSMA and [\(^{18}\)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT provides relevant information, since discordant FDG-positive but PSMA-negative (FDG+/PSMA−) lesions constitute a negative prognostic marker of overall survival (OS) after PSMA RLT. However, little is known about the prognostic implications of dual tracer imaging for restaging at follow-up. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the prognostic implications of new FDG+/PSMA− lesions during or after PSMA RLT. Methods: This bicentric analysis included 32 patients with mCRPC who underwent both FDG and PSMA PET/CT imaging after two or four cycles of PSMA RLT. Patients with FDG+/PSMA− lesions prior to PSMA RLT were not considered. The presence of FDG+/PSMA− lesions was assessed with follow-up dual tracer imaging of patients after two or four cycles of PSMA RLT. Patients with at least one new FDG+/PSMA− lesion were compared to patients without any FDG+/PSMA− lesions at the respective time points. A log-rank analysis was used to assess the difference in OS between subgroups. Results: After two cycles of PSMA RLT, four of 32 patients (13%) had FDG+/PSMA− metastases. No significant difference in OS was observed (p = 0.807), as compared to patients without FDG+/PSMA− lesions. Follow-up dual tracer imaging after the 4th cycle of PSMA RLT was available in 18 patients. Of these, four patients presented with FDG+/PSMA− findings (n = 2 already after two cycles). After the fourth cycle of PSMA RLT, no significant difference in OS was observed between patients with and without FDG+/PSMA− lesions (p = 0.442). Conclusion: This study shows that FDG+/PSMA− lesions develop in a limited number of patients undergoing PSMA RLT. Further studies are needed to establish the clinical relevance of such lesions.
KW - PSMA
KW - FDG
KW - PET/CT
KW - prostate cancer
KW - radioligand therapy
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245168
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 13
IS - 17
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1 - Marcus, Charles
A1 - Sheikhbahaei, Sara
A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro
A1 - Solnes, Lilja B.
A1 - Rowe, Steven P.
A1 - Buck, Andreas K.
A1 - Lapa, Constantin
A1 - Javadi, Mehrbod S.
T1 - Diagnostic Accuracy of Visual Assessment of an Initial DaT-Scan in Comparison to a Fully Automatic Semiquantitative Method
T2 - Journal of Nuclear Medicine
N2 - No abstract available.
KW - Parkinson-Krankheit
KW - SPECT
KW - Parkinson
KW - Parkinson Disease
KW - DaTscan
KW - Ioflupane
KW - molecular imaging
Y1 - 2018
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-162208
UR - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/59/supplement_1/626.abstract
SN - 0161-5505
N1 - This research was originally published in JNM. Rudolf A. Werner, Charles Marcus, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Takahiro Higuchi, Lilja B. Solnes, Steven P. Rowe, Andreas K. Buck, Constantin Lapa, Mehrbod S. Javadi. Diagnostic Accuracy of Visual Assessment of an Initial DaT-Scan in Comparison to a Fully Automatic Semiquantitative Method. J Nucl Med. May 1, 2018; vol. 59 no. supplement 1:626. © SNMMI.
VL - 59
IS - Supplement No. 1
SP - 626
ER -