TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chen, Xinyu
A1  - Werner, Rudolf A.
A1  - Javadi, Mehrbod S.
A1  - Maya, Yoshifumi
A1  - Decker, Michael
A1  - Lapa, Constantin
A1  - Herrmann, Ken
A1  - Higuchi, Takahiro
T1  - Radionuclide imaging of neurohormonal system of the heart
JF  - Theranostics
N2  - Heart failure is one of the growing causes of death especially in developed countries due to longer life expectancy. Although many pharmacological and instrumental therapeutic approaches have been introduced for prevention and treatment of heart failure, there are still limitations and challenges. Nuclear cardiology has experienced rapid growth in the last few decades, in particular the application of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET), which allow non-invasive functional assessment of cardiac condition including neurohormonal systems involved in heart failure; its application has dramatically improved the capacity for fundamental research and clinical diagnosis. In this article, we review the current status of applying radionuclide technology in non-invasive imaging of neurohormonal system in the heart, especially focusing on the tracers that are currently available. A short discussion about disadvantages and perspectives is also included.
KW  - SPECT
KW  - radiotracer
KW  - heart failure
KW  - cardiac neurohormonal system
KW  - nuclear cardiology
KW  - PET
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-149205
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chen, Xinyu
A1  - Kudo, Takashi
A1  - Lapa, Constantin
A1  - Buck, Andreas
A1  - Higuchi, Takahiro
T1  - Recent advances in radiotracers targeting norepinephrine transporter: structural development and radiolabeling improvements
JF  - Journal of Neural Transmission
N2  - The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is a major target for the evaluation of the cardiac sympathetic nerve system in patients with heart failure and Parkinson's disease. It is also used in the therapeutic applications against certain types of neuroendocrine tumors, as exemplified by the clinically used \(^{123/131}\)I-MIBG as theranostic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) agent. With the development of more advanced positron emission tomography (PET) technology, more radiotracers targeting NET have been reported, with superior temporal and spatial resolutions, along with the possibility of functional and kinetic analysis. More recently, fluorine-18-labelled NET tracers have drawn increasing attentions from researchers, due to their longer radiological half-life relative to carbon-11 (110 min vs. 20 min), reduced dependence on on-site cyclotrons, and flexibility in the design of novel tracer structures. In the heart, certain NET tracers provide integral diagnostic information on sympathetic innervation and the nerve status. In the central nervous system, such radiotracers can reveal NET distribution and density in pathological conditions. Most radiotracers targeting cardiac NET-function for the cardiac application consistent of derivatives of either norepinephrine or MIBG with its benzylguanidine core structure, e.g. \(^{11}\)C-HED and \(^{18}\)F-LMI1195. In contrast, all NET tracers used in central nervous system applications are derived from clinically used antidepressants. Lastly, possible applications of NET as selective tracers over organic cation transporters (OCTs) in the kidneys and other organs controlled by sympathetic nervous system will also be discussed.
KW  - norepinephrine transporter
KW  - benzylguanidine
KW  - phenethylguanidine
KW  - antidepressant
KW  - organic cation transporter
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-241148
VL  - 127
ER  -