TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heisswolf, Annette
A1  - Reichmann, Stefanie
A1  - Poethke, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Schröder, Boris
A1  - Obermaier, Elisabeth
T1  - Habitat quality matters for the distribution of an endangered leaf beetle and its egg parasitoid in a fragmented landscape
N2  - Fragmentation, deterioration, and loss of habitat patches threaten the survival of many insect species. Depending on their trophic level, species may be differently affected by these factors. However, studies investigating more than one trophic level on a landscape scale are still rare. In the present study we analyzed the effects of habitat size, isolation, and quality for the occurrence and population density of the endangered leaf beetle Cassida canaliculata Laich. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and its egg parasitoid, the hymenopteran wasp Foersterella reptans Nees (Hymenoptera: Tetracampidae). C. canaliculata is strictly monophagous on meadow sage (Salvia pratensis), while F. reptans can also parasitize other hosts. Both size and isolation of habitat patches strongly determined the occurrence of the beetle. However, population density increased to a much greater extent with increasing host plant density ( = habitat quality) than with habitat size. The occurrence probability of the egg parasitoid increased with increasing population density of C. canaliculata. In conclusion, although maintaining large, well-connected patches with high host plant density is surely the major conservation goal for the specialized herbivore C. canaliculata, also small patches with high host plant densities can support viable populations and should thus be conserved. The less specialized parasitoid F. reptans is more likely to be found on patches with high beetle density, while patch size and isolation seem to be less important.
KW  - Fragmentierung
KW  - Pflanzenfressende Insekten
KW  - Eiparasitismus
KW  - Metapopulation
KW  - Habitat fragmentation
KW  - herbivore
KW  - host plant density
KW  - metapopulation
KW  - multitrophic
Y1  - 2009
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47740
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poethke, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Hovestadt, Thomas
A1  - Mitesser, Oliver
T1  - Local extinction and the evolution of dispersal rates: Causes and correlations
N2  - We present the results of individual-based simulation experiments on the evolution of dispersal rates of organisms living in metapopulations. We find conflicting results regarding the relationship between local extinction rate and evolutionarily stable (ES) dispersal rate depending on which principal mechanism causes extinction: if extinction is caused by environmental catastrophes eradicating local populations, we observe a positive correlation between extinction and ES dispersal rate; if extinction is a consequence of stochastic local dynamics and environmental fluctuations, the correlation becomes ambiguous; and in cases where extinction is caused by dispersal mortality, a negative correlation between local extinction rate and ES dispersal rate emerges. We conclude that extinction rate, which both affects and is affected by dispersal rates, is not an ideal predictor for optimal dispersal rates.
KW  - Ausbreitung
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Computersimulation
KW  - Metapopulation
KW  - dispersal
KW  - evolution
KW  - ESS
KW  - metapopulation
KW  - extinction
KW  - individual-based model
Y1  - 2003
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47718
ER  -