TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitz, Tobias A1 - Jannasch, Maren A1 - Weigel, Tobias A1 - Moseke, Claus A1 - Gbureck, Uwe A1 - Groll, Jürgen A1 - Walles, Heike A1 - Hansmann, Jan T1 - Nanotopographical Coatings Induce an Early Phenotype-Specific Response of Primary Material-Resident M1 and M2 Macrophages JF - Materials N2 - Implants elicit an immunological response after implantation that results in the worst case in a complete implant rejection. This biomaterial-induced inflammation is modulated by macrophages and can be influenced by nanotopographical surface structures such as titania nanotubes or fractal titanium nitride (TiN) surfaces. However, their specific impact on a distinct macrophage phenotype has not been identified. By using two different levels of nanostructures and smooth samples as controls, the influence of tubular TiO2 and fractal TiN nanostructures on primary human macrophages with M1 or M2-phenotype was investigated. Therefore, nanotopographical coatings were either, directly generated by physical vapor deposition (PVD) or by electrochemical anodization of titanium PVD coatings. The cellular response of macrophages was quantitatively assessed to demonstrate a difference in biocompatibility of nanotubes in respect to human M1 and M2-macrophages. Depending on the tube diameter of the nanotubular surfaces, low cell numbers and impaired cellular activity, was detected for M2-macrophages, whereas the impact of nanotubes on M1-polarized macrophages was negligible. Importantly, we could confirm this phenotypic response on the fractal TiN surfaces. The results indicate that the investigated topographies specifically impact the macrophage M2-subtype that modulates the formation of the fibrotic capsule and the long-term response to an implant. KW - nanotopographical surfaces KW - combination of physical vapor deposition and electrochemical etching KW - defined humanized test system KW - inflammatory response Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203378 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 13 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kühnemundt, Johanna A1 - Leifeld, Heidi A1 - Scherg, Florian A1 - Schmitt, Matthias A1 - Nelke, Lena C. A1 - Schmitt, Tina A1 - Bauer, Florentin A1 - Göttlich, Claudia A1 - Fuchs, Maximilian A1 - Kunz, Meik A1 - Peindl, Matthias A1 - Brähler, Caroline A1 - Kronenthaler, Corinna A1 - Wischhusen, Jörg A1 - Prelog, Martina A1 - Walles, Heike A1 - Dandekar, Thomas A1 - Dandekar, Gudrun A1 - Nietzer, Sarah L. T1 - Modular micro-physiological human tumor/tissue models based on decellularized tissue for improved preclinical testing JF - ALTEX N2 - High attrition-rates entailed by drug testing in 2D cell culture and animal models stress the need for improved modeling of human tumor tissues. In previous studies our 3D models on a decellularized tissue matrix have shown better predictivity and higher chemoresistance. A single porcine intestine yields material for 150 3D models of breast, lung, colorectal cancer (CRC) or leukemia. The uniquely preserved structure of the basement membrane enables physiological anchorage of endothelial cells and epithelial-derived carcinoma cells. The matrix provides different niches for cell growth: on top as monolayer, in crypts as aggregates and within deeper layers. Dynamic culture in bioreactors enhances cell growth. Comparing gene expression between 2D and 3D cultures, we observed changes related to proliferation, apoptosis and stemness. For drug target predictions, we utilize tumor-specific sequencing data in our in silico model finding an additive effect of metformin and gefitinib treatment for lung cancer in silico, validated in vitro. To analyze mode-of-action, immune therapies such as trispecific T-cell engagers in leukemia, as well as toxicity on non-cancer cells, the model can be modularly enriched with human endothelial cells (hECs), immune cells and fibroblasts. Upon addition of hECs, transmigration of immune cells through the endothelial barrier can be investigated. In an allogenic CRC model we observe a lower basic apoptosis rate after applying PBMCs in 3D compared to 2D, which offers new options to mirror antigen-specific immunotherapies in vitro. In conclusion, we present modular human 3D tumor models with tissue-like features for preclinical testing to reduce animal experiments. KW - modular tumor tissue models KW - invasiveness KW - bioreactor culture KW - combinatorial drug predictions KW - immunotherapies Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231465 VL - 38 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heydarian, Motaharehsadat A1 - Schweinlin, Matthias A1 - Schwarz, Thomas A1 - Rawal, Ravisha A1 - Walles, Heike A1 - Metzger, Marco A1 - Rudel, Thomas A1 - Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera T1 - Triple co-culture and perfusion bioreactor for studying the interaction between Neisseria gonorrhoeae and neutrophils: A novel 3D tissue model for bacterial infection and immunity JF - Journal of Tissue Engineering N2 - Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is characterized by a large number of neutrophils recruited to the site of infection. Therefore, proper modeling of the N. gonorrhoeae interaction with neutrophils is very important for investigating and understanding the mechanisms that gonococci use to evade the immune response. We have used a combination of a unique human 3D tissue model together with a dynamic culture system to study neutrophil transmigration to the site of N. gonorrhoeae infection. The triple co-culture model consisted of epithelial cells (T84 human colorectal carcinoma cells), human primary dermal fibroblasts, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells on a biological scaffold (SIS). After the infection of the tissue model with N. gonorrhoeae, we introduced primary human neutrophils to the endothelial side of the model using a perfusion-based bioreactor system. By this approach, we were able to demonstrate the activation and transmigration of neutrophils across the 3D tissue model and their recruitment to the site of infection. In summary, the triple co-culture model supplemented by neutrophils represents a promising tool for investigating N. gonorrhoeae and other bacterial infections and interactions with the innate immunity cells under conditions closely resembling the native tissue environment. KW - Triple co-culture KW - biomimetic 3D tissue model KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - perfusion-based bioreactor system KW - neutrophil transmigration Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-259032 VL - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reuter, Christian A1 - Hauf, Laura A1 - Imdahl, Fabian A1 - Sen, Rituparno A1 - Vafadarnejad, Ehsan A1 - Fey, Philipp A1 - Finger, Tamara A1 - Jones, Nicola G. A1 - Walles, Heike A1 - Barquist, Lars A1 - Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel A1 - Groeber-Becker, Florian A1 - Engstler, Markus T1 - Vector-borne Trypanosoma brucei parasites develop in artificial human skin and persist as skin tissue forms JF - Nature Communications N2 - Transmission of Trypanosoma brucei by tsetse flies involves the deposition of the cell cycle-arrested metacyclic life cycle stage into mammalian skin at the site of the fly’s bite. We introduce an advanced human skin equivalent and use tsetse flies to naturally infect the skin with trypanosomes. We detail the chronological order of the parasites’ development in the skin by single-cell RNA sequencing and find a rapid activation of metacyclic trypanosomes and differentiation to proliferative parasites. Here we show that after the establishment of a proliferative population, the parasites enter a reversible quiescent state characterized by slow replication and a strongly reduced metabolism. We term these quiescent trypanosomes skin tissue forms, a parasite population that may play an important role in maintaining the infection over long time periods and in asymptomatic infected individuals. KW - mechanisms of disease KW - parasitology KW - transcriptomics Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-358142 VL - 14 ER -