TY - JOUR A1 - Griebsch, Nora-Isabell A1 - Kern, Johanna A1 - Hansen, Jonas A1 - Rullmann, Michael A1 - Luthardt, Julia A1 - Helfmeyer, Stephanie A1 - Dekorsy, Franziska J. A1 - Soeder, Marvin A1 - Hankir, Mohammed K. A1 - Zientek, Franziska A1 - Becker, Georg-Alexander A1 - Patt, Marianne A1 - Meyer, Philipp M. A1 - Dietrich, Arne A1 - Blüher, Matthias A1 - Ding, Yu-Shin A1 - Hilbert, Anja A1 - Sabri, Osama A1 - Hesse, Swen T1 - Central serotonin/noradrenaline transporter availability and treatment success in patients with obesity JF - Brain Sciences N2 - Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) as well as noradrenaline (NA) are key modulators of various fundamental brain functions including the control of appetite. While manipulations that alter brain serotoninergic signaling clearly affect body weight, studies implicating 5-HT transporters and NA transporters (5-HTT and NAT, respectively) as a main drug treatment target for human obesity have not been conclusive. The aim of this positron emission tomography (PET) study was to investigate how these central transporters are associated with changes of body weight after 6 months of dietary intervention or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery in order to assess whether 5-HTT as well as NAT availability can predict weight loss and consequently treatment success. The study population consisted of two study cohorts using either the 5-HTT-selective radiotracer [\(^{11}\)C]DASB to measure 5-HTT availability or the NAT-selective radiotracer [\(^{11}\)C]MRB to assess NAT availability. Each group included non-obesity healthy participants, patients with severe obesity (body mass index, BMI, >35 kg/m\(^2\)) following a conservative dietary program (diet) and patients undergoing RYGB surgery within a 6-month follow-up. Overall, changes in BMI were not associated with changes of both 5-HTT and NAT availability, while 5-HTT availability in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) prior to intervention was associated with substantial BMI reduction after RYGB surgery and inversely related with modest BMI reduction after diet. Taken together, the data of our study indicate that 5-HTT and NAT are involved in the pathomechanism of obesity and have the potential to serve as predictors of treatment outcomes. KW - obesity KW - serotonin KW - noradrenaline KW - serotonin transporter KW - noradrenaline transporter KW - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery KW - body mass index (BMI; kg/m\(^2\)) KW - radiotracer KW - PET KW - PET imaging Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-290294 SN - 2076-3425 VL - 12 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Held, Matthias A1 - Hesse, Alexander A1 - Gött, Franziska A1 - Holl, Regina A1 - Hübner, Gudrun A1 - Kolb, Philipp A1 - Langen, Heinz Jakob A1 - Romen, Tobias A1 - Walter, Franziska A1 - Schäfers, Hans Joachim A1 - Wilkens, Heinrike A1 - Jany, Berthold T1 - A symptom-related monitoring program following pulmonary embolism for the early detection of CTEPH: a prospective observational registry study JF - BMC Pulmonary Medicine N2 - Background Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a long-term complication following an acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages which is concerning as delayed treatment has important implications for favourable clinical outcome. Performing a follow-up examination of patients diagnosed with acute PE regardless of persisting symptoms and using all available technical procedures would be both cost-intensive and possibly ineffective. Focusing diagnostic procedures therefore on only symptomatic patients may be a practical approach for detecting relevant CTEPH. This study aimed to evaluate if a follow-up program for patients with acute PE based on telephone monitoring of symptoms and further examination of only symptomatic patients could detect CTEPH. In addition, we investigated the role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) as a diagnostic tool. Methods In a prospective cohort study all consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PE (n=170, 76 males, 94 females within 26 months) were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were contacted via telephone and asked to answer standardized questions relating to symptoms. At the time of the final analysis 130 patients had been contacted. Symptomatic patients underwent a structured evaluation with echocardiography, CPET and complete work-up for CTEPH. Results 37.7%, 25.5% and 29.3% of the patients reported symptoms after three, six, and twelve months respectively. Subsequent clinical evaluation of these symptomatic patients saw 20.4%, 11.5% and 18.8% of patients at the respective three, six and twelve months time points having an echocardiography suggesting pulmonary hypertension (PH). CTEPH with pathological imaging and a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25 mm Hg at rest was confirmed in eight subjects. Three subjects with mismatch perfusion defects showed an exercise induced increase of PAP without increasing pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP). Two subjects with pulmonary hypertension at rest and one with an exercise induced increase of mPAP with normal PAOP showed perfusion defects without echocardiographic signs of PH but a suspicious CPET. Conclusion A follow-up program based on telephone monitoring of symptoms and further structured evaluation of symptomatic subjects can detect patients with CTEPH. CPET may serve as a complementary diagnostic tool. KW - follow-up KW - pulmonary embolism KW - pulmonary hypertension KW - pulmonary circulation KW - chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension KW - pulmonary artery pressure KW - pulmonary artery KW - cardiopulmonary exercise testing KW - dyspnea Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-119281 VL - 14 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hesse, Alexander T1 - Symptomorientiertes Telefonmonitoring zur Frühdiagnose von chronischer thromboembolischer pulmonaler Hypertonie (CTEPH) nach Lungenembolie T1 - Symptom-oriented telephone monitoring for early diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after pulmonary embolism N2 - Ziel der Arbeit war die Beantwortung der Frage, ob mit einem symptomorientierten Ansatz im Rahmen eines Telefonmonitorings und bei symptomatischen Patienten eine CTEPH detektiert werden kann. Zur Erfassung kam ein strukturierter Ansatz mittels vordefinierter Fragen zum Einsatz, die in einem Fragebogen zusammengefasst waren. Der Fragebogen fragt das Vorhandensein von Dyspnoe in Ruhe und unter Belastung, Angina pectoris, Schwindel und Synkopen ab. Die telefonischen Anrufe erfolgten nach dem Erstereignis einer akuten LAE im Abstand von 3, 6 und 12 Monaten. Nach positivem Telefonmonitoring und zunächst ambulanter Untersuchung des Patienten mittels Echokardiografie und gegebenenfalls ergänzender Spiroergometrie wurde den Patienten bei bezüglich einer CTEPH auffälligen Untersuchungsbefunden Leitlinienkonform eine weiterführende Abklärung empfohlen. Bei negativen Untersuchungsbefunden wurden die Patienten weiter gemäß dem Follow-Up des Studienalgorithmus zum nächsten Zeitpunkt kontaktiert. Die Spiroergometrie als weiteres diagnostisches Mittel einer CTEPH kann des Weiteren die Echokardiografie als Maßnahme ergänzen, um eine CTEPH als mögliche, ernste Komplikation nach einer LAE frühzeitig detektieren zu können. Eine Spiroergometrie wurde im dargestellten Modell nur bei Patienten mit unauffälliger Echokardiografie nach vorher definierten Kriterien unter Berücksichtigung des aktuellen Allgemeinzustandes des Patienten durchgeführt. Sollte sich nach Befragung, Echokardiografie und Spiroergometrie der Verdacht auf eine CTEPH ergeben haben, so wurde die weitere Diagnostik nach Maßgabe der aktuellen Leitlinie empfohlen. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass ein symptomorientiertes Nachsorgeverfahren von Patienten mit stattgefundener LAE dazu in der Lage ist, Patienten mit einer CTEPH zu detektieren und die Prätestwahrscheinlichkeit zu erhöhen, um weitere diagnostische Schritte einzuleiten. Der Einsatz der Spiroergometrie in der Diagnostik ist des Weiteren als sinnvoll und komplementär nützlich anzusehen. Die Echokardiografie alleine vermag nicht die Diagnose CTEPH zu stellen, sondern auch bei negativem Befund in der Echokardiografie kann eine ergänzende und als positiv eingestufte Spiroergometrie den Verdacht auf das Vorliegen einer CTEPH lenken. In weiteren, diagnostischen Schritten soll fortan die Diagnose gesichert werden. Da eine Nachuntersuchung eines jeden Patienten nach einer LAE sehr kosten- und personalintensiv ist, würde ein symptomorientiertes Nachsorgeprogramm die Ressourcen deutlich weniger stark verbrauchen und belasten. In der Folge und in weiteren Studien sollte mit diesem sinnvoll erscheinenden, symptomorientierten und telefonmonitoringbasierten Nachsorgeprogramm größere Fallzahlen analysiert und die Befunde über einen längeren Zeitverlauf untersucht werden. N2 - The aim of the thesis was to answer the question whether CTEPH can be detected with a symptom-oriented approach in telephone monitoring and in symptomatic patients. A structured approach using predefined questions summarized in a questionnaire was used for detection. The questionnaire queries the presence of dyspnea at rest and under stress, angina pectoris, dizziness and syncope. The telephone calls were made after the first occurrence of an acute LAE at intervals of 3, 6 and 12 months. After positive telephone monitoring and an initial outpatient examination of the patient using echocardiography and, if necessary, supplementary spiroergometry, patients with abnormal findings of CTEPH were recommended for further clarification in accordance with the guidelines. In case of negative findings, patients were contacted according to the follow-up of the study algorithm at the next point in time. Spiroergometry as a further diagnostic tool for CTEPH can also complement echocardiography as a measure to detect CTEPH as a possible serious complication after LAE. Spiroergometry in the model shown was only performed in patients with unremarkable echocardiography according to previously defined criteria, taking into account the current general condition of the patient. If CTEPH was suspected after questioning, echocardiography and spiroergometry, further diagnosis was recommended according to the current guideline. The present study shows that a symptom-oriented follow-up of patients with occurred LAE is able to detect patients with CTEPH and to increase the probability of pretesting in order to initiate further diagnostic steps. Furthermore, the use of spiroergometry in diagnostics is considered useful and complementary. Echocardiography alone cannot diagnose CTEPH, but even if echocardiography is negative, complementary spiroergometry, which is considered positive, can lead to suspicion of CTEPH. Further diagnostic steps will be taken to confirm the diagnosis. Since a follow-up examination of each patient after an LAE is very costly and personnel-intensive, a symptom-oriented follow-up program would consume and burden resources significantly less. Subsequently, and in further studies, this seemingly reasonable, symptom-oriented, telephone monitoring-based aftercare program should be used to analyze larger numbers of cases and examine the findings over a longer period of time. KW - Chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie KW - Lungenembolie KW - CTEPH KW - Telefonmonitoring Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-211304 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jaschke, Alexander A1 - Chung, Bomee A1 - Hesse, Deike A1 - Kluge, Reinhart A1 - Zahn, Claudia A1 - Moser, Markus A1 - Petzke, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Brigelius-Flohé, Regina A1 - Puchkov, Dmytro A1 - Koepsell, Hermann A1 - Heeren, Joerg A1 - Joost, Hans-Georg A1 - Schürmann, Annette T1 - The GTPase ARFRP1 controls the lipidation of chylomicrons in the Golgi of the intestinal epithelium JF - Human Molecular Genetics N2 - The uptake and processing of dietary lipids by the small intestine is a multistep process that involves several steps including vesicular and protein transport. The GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor-related protein 1 (ARFRP1) controls the ARF-like 1 (ARL1)-mediated Golgi recruitment of GRIP domain proteins which in turn bind several Rab-GTPases. Here, we describe the essential role of ARFRP1 and its interaction with Rab2 in the assembly and lipidation of chylomicrons in the intestinal epithelium. Mice lacking Arfrp1 specifically in the intestine \((Arfrp1^{vil−/−})\) exhibit an early post-natal growth retardation with reduced plasma triacylglycerol and free fatty acid concentrations. \(Arfrp1^{vil−/−}\) enterocytes as well as Arfrp1 mRNA depleted Caco-2 cells absorbed fatty acids normally but secreted chylomicrons with a markedly reduced triacylglycerol content. In addition, the release of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) was dramatically decreased, and ApoA-I accumulated in the \(Arfrp1^{vil−/−}\) epithelium, where it predominantly co-localized with Rab2. The release of chylomicrons from Caco-2 was markedly reduced after the suppression of Rab2, ARL1 and Golgin-245. Thus, the GTPase ARFRP1 and its downstream proteins are required for the lipidation of chylo­microns and the assembly of ApoA-I to these particles in the Golgi of intestinal epithelial cells. KW - ARF Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125658 VL - 21 IS - 14 ER -