TY  - JOUR
A1  - Couch, Fergus J.
A1  - Wang, Xianshu
A1  - McGuffog, Lesley
A1  - Lee, Andrew
A1  - Olswold, Curtis
A1  - Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B.
A1  - Soucy, Penny
A1  - Fredericksen, Zachary
A1  - Barrowdale, Daniel
A1  - Dennis, Joe
A1  - Gaudet, Mia M.
A1  - Dicks, Ed
A1  - Kosel, Matthew
A1  - Healey, Sue
A1  - Sinilnikova, Olga M.
A1  - Lee, Adam
A1  - Bacot, Françios
A1  - Vincent, Daniel
A1  - Hogervorst, Frans B. L.
A1  - Peock, Susan
A1  - Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique
A1  - Jakubowska, Anna
A1  - Radice, Paolo
A1  - Schmutzler, Rita Katharina
A1  - Domchek, Susan M.
A1  - Piedmonte, Marion
A1  - Singer, Christian F.
A1  - Friedman, Eitan
A1  - Thomassen, Mads
A1  - Hansen, Thomas V. O.
A1  - Neuhausen, Susan L.
A1  - Szabo, Csilla I.
A1  - Blanco, Ingnacio
A1  - Greene, Mark H.
A1  - Karlan, Beth Y.
A1  - Garber, Judy
A1  - Phelan, Catherine M.
A1  - Weitzel, Jeffrey N.
A1  - Montagna, Marco
A1  - Olah, Edith
A1  - Andrulis, Irene L.
A1  - Godwin, Andrew K.
A1  - Yannoukakos, Drakoulis
A1  - Goldgar, David E.
A1  - Caldes, Trinidad
A1  - Nevanlinna, Heli
A1  - Osorio, Ana
A1  - Terry, Mary Beth
A1  - Daly, Mary B.
A1  - van Rensburg, Elisabeth J.
A1  - Hamann, Ute
A1  - Ramus, Susan J.
A1  - Toland, Amanda Ewart
A1  - Caligo, Maria A.
A1  - Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
A1  - Tung, Nadine
A1  - Claes, Kathleen
A1  - Beattie, Mary S.
A1  - Southey, Melissa C.
A1  - Imyanitov, Evgeny N.
A1  - Tischkowitz, Marc
A1  - Janavicius, Ramunas
A1  - John, Esther M.
A1  - Kwong, Ava
A1  - Diez, Orland
A1  - Kwong, Ava
A1  - Balmaña, Judith
A1  - Barkardottir, Rosa B.
A1  - Arun, Banu K.
A1  - Rennert, Gad
A1  - Teo, Soo-Hwang
A1  - Ganz, Patricia A.
A1  - Campbell, Ian
A1  - van der Hout, Annemarie H.
A1  - van Deurzen, Carolien H. M.
A1  - Seynaeve, Caroline
A1  - Garcia, Encarna B. Gómez
A1  - van Leeuwen, Flora E.
A1  - Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne E. J.
A1  - Gille, Johannes J. P.
A1  - Ausems, Magreet G. E. M.
A1  - Blok, Marinus J.
A1  - Ligtenberg, Marjolinjin J. L.
A1  - Rookus, Matti A.
A1  - Devilee, Peter
A1  - Verhoef, Senno
A1  - van Os, Theo A. M.
A1  - Wijnen, Juul T.
A1  - Frost, Debra
A1  - Ellis, Steve
A1  - Fineberg, Elena
A1  - Platte, Radke
A1  - Evans, D. Gareth
A1  - Izatt, Luise
A1  - Eeles, Rosalind A.
A1  - Adlard, Julian
A1  - Eccles, Diana M.
A1  - Cook, Jackie
A1  - Brewer, Carole
A1  - Douglas, Fiona
A1  - Hodgson, Shirley
A1  - Morrison, Patrick J.
A1  - Side, Lucy E.
A1  - Donaldson, Alan
A1  - Houghton, Catherine
A1  - Rogers, Mark T.
A1  - Dorkins, Huw
A1  - Eason, Jacqueline
A1  - Gregory, Helen
A1  - McCann, Emma
A1  - Murray, Alex
A1  - Calender, Alain
A1  - Hardouin, Agnès
A1  - Berthet, Pascaline
A1  - Delnatte, Capucine
A1  - Nogues, Catherine
A1  - Lasset, Christine
A1  - Houdayer, Claude
A1  - Leroux,, Dominique
A1  - Rouleau, Etienne
A1  - Prieur, Fabienne
A1  - Damiola, Francesca
A1  - Sobol, Hagay
A1  - Coupier, Isabelle
A1  - Venat-Bouvet, Laurence
A1  - Castera, Laurent
A1  - Gauthier-Villars, Marion
A1  - Léoné, Mélanie
A1  - Pujol, Pascal
A1  - Mazoyer, Sylvie
A1  - Bignon, Yves-Jean
A1  - Zlowocka-Perlowska, Elzbieta
A1  - Gronwald, Jacek
A1  - Lubinski,, Jan
A1  - Durda, Katarzyna
A1  - Jaworska, Katarzyna
A1  - Huzarski, Tomasz
A1  - Spurdle, Amanda B.
A1  - Viel, Alessandra
A1  - Peissel, Bernhard
A1  - Bonanni, Bernardo
A1  - Melloni, Guilia
A1  - Ottini, Laura
A1  - Papi, Laura
A1  - Varesco, Liliana
A1  - Tibiletti, Maria Grazia
A1  - Peterlongo, Paolo
A1  - Volorio, Sara
A1  - Manoukian, Siranoush
A1  - Pensotti, Valeria
A1  - Arnold, Norbert
A1  - Engel, Christoph
A1  - Deissler, Helmut
A1  - Gadzicki, Dorothea
A1  - Gehrig, Andrea
A1  - Kast, Karin
A1  - Rhiem, Kerstin
A1  - Meindl, Alfons
A1  - Niederacher, Dieter
A1  - Ditsch, Nina
A1  - Plendl, Hansjoerg
A1  - Preisler-Adams, Sabine
A1  - Engert, Stefanie
A1  - Sutter, Christian
A1  - Varon-Mateeva, Raymenda
A1  - Wappenschmidt, Barbara
A1  - Weber, Bernhard H. F.
A1  - Arver, Brita
A1  - Stenmark-Askmalm, Marie
A1  - Loman, Niklas
A1  - Rosenquist, Richard
A1  - Einbeigi, Zakaria
A1  - Nathanson, Katherine L.
A1  - Rebbeck, Timothy R.
A1  - Blank, Stephanie V.
A1  - Cohn, David E.
A1  - Rodriguez, Gustavo C.
A1  - Small, Laurie
A1  - Friedlander, Michael
A1  - Bae-Jump, Victoria L.
A1  - Fink-Retter, Anneliese
A1  - Rappaport, Christine
A1  - Gschwantler-Kaulich, Daphne
A1  - Pfeiler, Georg
A1  - Tea, Muy-Kheng
A1  - Lindor, Noralane M.
A1  - Kaufman, Bella
A1  - Paluch, Shani Shimon
A1  - Laitman, Yael
A1  - Skytte, Anne-Bine
A1  - Gerdes, Anne-Marie
A1  - Pedersen, Inge Sokilde
A1  - Moeller, Sanne Traasdahl
A1  - Kruse, Torben A.
A1  - Jensen, Uffe Birk
A1  - Vijai, Joseph
A1  - Sarrel, Kara
A1  - Robson, Mark
A1  - Kauff, Noah
A1  - Mulligan, Anna Marie
A1  - Glendon, Gord
A1  - Ozcelik, Hilmi
A1  - Ejlertsen, Bent
A1  - Nielsen, Finn C.
A1  - Jønson, Lars
A1  - Andersen, Mette K.
A1  - Ding, Yuan Chun
A1  - Steele, Linda
A1  - Foretova, Lenka
A1  - Teulé, Alex
A1  - Lazaro, Conxi
A1  - Brunet, Joan
A1  - Pujana, Miquel Angel
A1  - Mai, Phuong L.
A1  - Loud, Jennifer T.
A1  - Walsh, Christine
A1  - Lester, Jenny
A1  - Orsulic, Sandra
A1  - Narod, Steven A.
A1  - Herzog, Josef
A1  - Sand, Sharon R.
A1  - Tognazzo, Silvia
A1  - Agata, Simona
A1  - Vaszko, Tibor
A1  - Weaver, Joellen
A1  - Stravropoulou, Alexandra V.
A1  - Buys, Saundra S.
A1  - Romero, Atocha
A1  - de la Hoya, Miguel
A1  - Aittomäki, Kristiina
A1  - Muranen, Taru A.
A1  - Duran, Mercedes
A1  - Chung, Wendy K.
A1  - Lasa, Adriana
A1  - Dorfling, Cecilia M.
A1  - Miron, Alexander
A1  - Benitez, Javier
A1  - Senter, Leigha
A1  - Huo, Dezheng
A1  - Chan, Salina B.
A1  - Sokolenko, Anna P.
A1  - Chiquette, Jocelyne
A1  - Tihomirova, Laima
A1  - Friebel, Tara M.
A1  - Agnarsson, Bjarne A.
A1  - Lu, Karen H.
A1  - Lejbkowicz, Flavio
A1  - James, Paul A.
A1  - Hall, Per
A1  - Dunning, Alison M.
A1  - Tessier, Daniel
A1  - Cunningham, Julie
A1  - Slager, Susan L.
A1  - Chen, Wang
A1  - Hart, Steven
A1  - Stevens, Kristen
A1  - Simard, Jacques
A1  - Pastinen, Tomi
A1  - Pankratz, Vernon S.
A1  - Offit, Kenneth
A1  - Easton, Douglas F.
A1  - Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
A1  - Antoniou, Antonis C.
T1  - Genome-Wide Association Study in BRCA1 Mutation Carriers Identifies Novel Loci Associated with Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk
JF  - PLOS Genetics
N2  - BRCA1-associated breast and ovarian cancer risks can be modified by common genetic variants. To identify further cancer risk-modifying loci, we performed a multi-stage GWAS of 11,705 BRCA1 carriers (of whom 5,920 were diagnosed with breast and 1,839 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer), with a further replication in an additional sample of 2,646 BRCA1 carriers. We identified a novel breast cancer risk modifier locus at 1q32 for BRCA1 carriers (rs2290854, P = 2.7 x 10(-8), HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20). In addition, we identified two novel ovarian cancer risk modifier loci: 17q21.31 (rs17631303, P = 1.4 x 10(-8), HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38) and 4q32.3 (rs4691139, P = 3.4 x 10(-8), HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38). The 4q32.3 locus was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population or BRCA2 carriers, suggesting a BRCA1-specific association. The 17q21.31 locus was also associated with ovarian cancer risk in 8,211 BRCA2 carriers (P = 2 x 10(-4)). These loci may lead to an improved understanding of the etiology of breast and ovarian tumors in BRCA1 carriers. Based on the joint distribution of the known BRCA1 breast cancer risk-modifying loci, we estimated that the breast cancer lifetime risks for the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk are 28%-50% compared to 81%-100% for the 5% at highest risk. Similarly, based on the known ovarian cancer risk-modifying loci, the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk have an estimated lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer of 28% or lower, whereas the 5% at highest risk will have a risk of 63% or higher. Such differences in risk may have important implications for risk prediction and clinical management for BRCA1 carriers.
KW  - common variants
KW  - susceptibility alleles
KW  - genetic variants
KW  - modifiers
KW  - ZNF365
KW  - investigators
KW  - population
KW  - consortium
KW  - selection
KW  - subtypes
Y1  - 2013
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-127947
SN  - 1553-7404
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dumont, Martine
A1  - Weber-Lassalle, Nana
A1  - Joly-Beauparlant, Charles
A1  - Ernst, Corinna
A1  - Droit, Arnaud
A1  - Feng, Bing-Jian
A1  - Dubois, Stéphane
A1  - Collin-Deschesnes, Annie-Claude
A1  - Soucy, Penny
A1  - Vallée, Maxime
A1  - Fournier, Frédéric
A1  - Lemaçon, Audrey
A1  - Adank, Muriel A.
A1  - Allen, Jamie
A1  - Altmüller, Janine
A1  - Arnold, Norbert
A1  - Ausems, Margreet G. E. M.
A1  - Berutti, Riccardo
A1  - Bolla, Manjeet K.
A1  - Bull, Shelley
A1  - Carvalho, Sara
A1  - Cornelissen, Sten
A1  - Dufault, Michael R.
A1  - Dunning, Alison M.
A1  - Engel, Christoph
A1  - Gehrig, Andrea
A1  - Geurts-Giele, Willemina R. R.
A1  - Gieger, Christian
A1  - Green, Jessica
A1  - Hackmann, Karl
A1  - Helmy, Mohamed
A1  - Hentschel, Julia
A1  - Hogervorst, Frans B. L.
A1  - Hollestelle, Antoinette
A1  - Hooning, Maartje J.
A1  - Horváth, Judit
A1  - Ikram, M. Arfan
A1  - Kaulfuß, Silke
A1  - Keeman, Renske
A1  - Kuang, Da
A1  - Luccarini, Craig
A1  - Maier, Wolfgang
A1  - Martens, John W. M.
A1  - Niederacher, Dieter
A1  - Nürnberg, Peter
A1  - Ott, Claus-Eric
A1  - Peters, Annette
A1  - Pharoah, Paul D. P.
A1  - Ramirez, Alfredo
A1  - Ramser, Juliane
A1  - Riedel-Heller, Steffi
A1  - Schmidt, Gunnar
A1  - Shah, Mitul
A1  - Scherer, Martin
A1  - Stäbler, Antje
A1  - Strom, Tim M.
A1  - Sutter, Christian
A1  - Thiele, Holger
A1  - van Asperen, Christi J.
A1  - van der Kolk, Lizet
A1  - van der Luijt, Rob B.
A1  - Volk, Alexander E.
A1  - Wagner, Michael
A1  - Waisfisz, Quinten
A1  - Wang, Qin
A1  - Wang-Gohrke, Shan
A1  - Weber, Bernhard H. F.
A1  - Devilee, Peter
A1  - Tavtigian, Sean
A1  - Bader, Gary D.
A1  - Meindl, Alfons
A1  - Goldgar, David E.
A1  - Andrulis, Irene L.
A1  - Schmutzler, Rita K.
A1  - Easton, Douglas F.
A1  - Schmidt, Marjanka K.
A1  - Hahnen, Eric
A1  - Simard, Jacques
T1  - Uncovering the contribution of moderate-penetrance susceptibility genes to breast cancer by whole-exome sequencing and targeted enrichment sequencing of candidate genes in women of European ancestry
JF  - Cancers
N2  - Rare variants in at least 10 genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2, are associated with increased risk of breast cancer; however, these variants, in combination with common variants identified through genome-wide association studies, explain only a fraction of the familial aggregation of the disease. To identify further susceptibility genes, we performed a two-stage whole-exome sequencing study. In the discovery stage, samples from 1528 breast cancer cases enriched for breast cancer susceptibility and 3733 geographically matched unaffected controls were sequenced. Using five different filtering and gene prioritization strategies, 198 genes were selected for further validation. These genes, and a panel of 32 known or suspected breast cancer susceptibility genes, were assessed in a validation set of 6211 cases and 6019 controls for their association with risk of breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor (ER) disease subtypes, using gene burden tests applied to loss-of-function and rare missense variants. Twenty genes showed nominal evidence of association (p-value < 0.05) with either overall or subtype-specific breast cancer. Our study had the statistical power to detect susceptibility genes with effect sizes similar to ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2, however, it was underpowered to identify genes in which susceptibility variants are rarer or confer smaller effect sizes. Larger sample sizes would be required in order to identify such genes.
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - genetic susceptibility
KW  - whole-exome sequencing
KW  - moderate-penetrance genes
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-281768
SN  - 2072-6694
VL  - 14
IS  - 14
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Engel, Christoph
A1  - Rhiem, Kerstin
A1  - Hahnen, Eric
A1  - Loibl, Sibylle
A1  - Weber, Karsten E.
A1  - Seiler, Sabine
A1  - Zachariae, Silke
A1  - Hauke, Jan
A1  - Wappenschmidt, Barbara
A1  - Waha, Anke
A1  - Blümcke, Britta
A1  - Kiechle, Marion
A1  - Meindl, Alfons
A1  - Niederacher, Dieter
A1  - Bartram, Claus R.
A1  - Speiser, Dorothee
A1  - Schlegelberger, Brigitte
A1  - Arnold, Norbert
A1  - Wieacker, Peter
A1  - Leinert, Elena
A1  - Gehrig, Andrea
A1  - Briest, Susanne
A1  - Kast, Karin
A1  - Riess, Olaf
A1  - Emons, Günter
A1  - Weber, Bernhard H. F.
A1  - Engel, Jutta
A1  - Schmutzler, Rita K.
T1  - Prevalence of pathogenic BRCA1/2 germline mutations among 802 women with unilateral triple-negative breast cancer without family cancer history
JF  - BMC Cancer
N2  - Background 
There is no international consensus up to which age women with a diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and no family history of breast or ovarian cancer should be offered genetic testing for germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 (gBRCA) mutations. Here, we explored the association of age at TNBC diagnosis with the prevalence of pathogenic gBRCA mutations in this patient group. 

Methods
The study comprised 802 women (median age 40 years, range 19-76) with oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 negative breast cancers, who had no relatives with breast or ovarian cancer. All women were tested for pathogenic gBRCA mutations. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between age at TNBC diagnosis and the presence of a pathogenic gBRCA mutation. 

Results
A total of 127 women with TNBC(15.8%) were gBRCA mutation carriers (BRCA1: n = 118, 14.7%; BRCA2: n = 9, 1. 1%). The mutation prevalence was 32.9% in the age group 20-29 years compared to 6.9% in the age group 60-69 years. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant increase of mutation frequency with decreasing age at diagnosis (odds ratio 1.87 per 10 year decrease, 95% CI 1.50-2.32, p < 0.001). gBRCA mutation risk was predicted to be > 10% for women diagnosed below approximately 50 years. 

Conclusions
Based on the general understanding that a heterozygous mutation probability of 10% or greater justifies gBRCA mutation screening, women with TNBC diagnosed before the age of 50 years and no familial history of breast and ovarian cancer should be tested for gBRCA mutations. In Germany, this would concern approximately 880 women with newly diagnosed TNBC per year, of whom approximately 150 are expected to be identified as carriers of a pathogenic gBRCA mutation.
KW  - hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
KW  - BRCA1
KW  - BRCA2
KW  - triple-negative breast cancer
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-226763
VL  - 18
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Holler, E.
A1  - Fischer, H.
A1  - Weber, C.
A1  - Stopper, Helga
A1  - Steger, H.
A1  - Simek, H.
T1  - A DNA polymerase with unusual properties from the slime mold Physarum polycephalum
N2  - Two forms of a DNA polymerase have been purified from microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum by poly(ethyleneimine) precipitation and chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, phosphocellulose, heparin Sepharose, hydroxyapatite, DNA-agarose, blue-Sepharose. They were separated from DNA polymerase cx on phosphocellulose and from each other on heparin-Sepharose. Form HS1 enzymewas 30-40% pure and form HS2 enzyme 60% with regard toprotein contents of the preparations. Form HS2 enzymewas generated from form HS1 enzyme on prolonged standing of enzyme preparations. The DNA polymerases were obtained as complexes of a 60-kDa protein associated with either a 135-kDa (HS1) or a 110-kDa (HS2) DNA-polymerizing polypeptidein a 1:1 molar stoichiometry. The biochemical function of the 60-kDa protein remained unknown. The complexes tended to dissociate during gradient centrifugation and during partition chromatography as weil as during polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions at high dilutions of samples. Both forms existed in plasmodia extracts, their proportions depending on several factors including those which promoted proteolysis. The DNA polymerases resembled eucaryotic DNA polymerase ß by several criteria and were functionally indistinguishable from each other. It is suggested that lower eucaryotes contain repair DNA polymerases, which are similar to those of eubacteria on a molecular mass basis.
KW  - Toxikologie
Y1  - 1987
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63501
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Barlinn, J.
A1  - Winzer, S.
A1  - Worthmann, H.
A1  - Urbanek, C.
A1  - Häusler, K. G.
A1  - Günther, A.
A1  - Erdur, H.
A1  - Görtler, M.
A1  - Busetto, L.
A1  - Wojciechowski, C.
A1  - Schmitt, J.
A1  - Shah, Y.
A1  - Büchele, B.
A1  - Sokolowski, P.
A1  - Kraya, T.
A1  - Merkelbach, S.
A1  - Rosengarten, B.
A1  - Stangenberg-Gliss, K.
A1  - Weber, J.
A1  - Schlachetzki, F.
A1  - Abu-Mugheisib, M.
A1  - Petersen, M.
A1  - Schwartz, A.
A1  - Palm, F.
A1  - Jowaed, A.
A1  - Volbers, B.
A1  - Zickler, P.
A1  - Remi, J.
A1  - Bardutzky, J.
A1  - Bösel, J.
A1  - Audebert, H. J.
A1  - Hubert, G. J.
A1  - Gumbinger, C.
T1  - Telemedizin in der Schlaganfallversorgung – versorgungsrelevant für Deutschland
T1  - Telemedicine in stroke—pertinent to stroke care in Germany
JF  - Der Nervenarzt
N2  - Hintergrund und Ziel
Telemedizinische Schlaganfall-Netzwerke tragen dazu bei, die Schlaganfallversorgung und insbesondere den Zugang zu zeitkritischen Schlaganfalltherapien in vorrangig strukturschwachen, ländlichen Regionen zu gewährleisten. Ziel ist eine Darstellung der Nutzungsfrequenz und regionalen Verteilung dieser Versorgungsstruktur.

Methoden
Die Kommission „Telemedizinische Schlaganfallversorgung“ der Deutschen Schlaganfall-Gesellschaft führte eine Umfragestudie in allen Schlaganfall-Netzwerken durch.

Ergebnisse
In Deutschland sind 22 telemedizinische Schlaganfall-Netzwerke aktiv, welche insgesamt 43 Zentren (pro Netzwerk: Median 1,5, Interquartilsabstand [IQA] 1–3) sowie 225 Kooperationskliniken (pro Netzwerk: Median 9, IQA 4–17) umfassen und an einem unmittelbaren Zugang zur Schlaganfallversorgung für 48 Mio. Menschen teilhaben. Im Jahr 2018 wurden 38.211 Telekonsile (pro Netzwerk: Median 1340, IQA 319–2758) durchgeführt. Die Thrombolyserate betrug 14,1 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall 13,6–14,7 %), eine Verlegung zur Thrombektomie wurde bei 7,9 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall 7,5–8,4 %) der ischämischen Schlaganfallpatienten initiiert. Das Finanzierungssystem ist uneinheitlich mit einem Vergütungssystem für die Zentrumsleistungen in nur drei Bundesländern.

Diskussion
Etwa jeder 10. Schlaganfallpatient wird telemedizinisch behandelt. Die telemedizinischen Schlaganfall-Netzwerke erreichen vergleichbar hohe Lyseraten und Verlegungen zur Thrombektomie wie neurologische Stroke-Units und tragen zur Sicherstellung einer flächendeckenden Schlaganfallversorgung bei. Eine netzwerkübergreifende Sicherstellung der Finanzierung und einheitliche Erhebung von Qualitätssicherungsdaten haben das Potenzial diese Versorgungsstruktur zukünftig weiter zu stärken.
N2  - Background and objective
Telemedical stroke networks improve stroke care and provide access to time-dependent acute stroke treatment in predominantly rural regions. The aim is a presentation of data on its utility and regional distribution.

Methods
The working group on telemedical stroke care of the German Stroke Society performed a survey study among all telestroke networks.

Results
Currently, 22 telemedical stroke networks including 43 centers (per network: median 1.5, interquartile range, IQR, 1–3) as well as 225 cooperating hospitals (per network: median 9, IQR 4–17) operate in Germany and contribute to acute stroke care delivery to 48 million people. In 2018, 38,211 teleconsultations (per network: median 1340, IQR 319–2758) were performed. The thrombolysis rate was 14.1% (95% confidence interval 13.6–14.7%) and transfer for thrombectomy was initiated in 7.9% (95% confidence interval 7.5–8.4%) of ischemic stroke patients. Financial reimbursement differs regionally with compensation for telemedical stroke care in only three federal states.

Conclusion
Telemedical stroke care is utilized in about 1 out of 10 stroke patients in Germany. Telemedical stroke networks achieve similar rates of thrombolysis and transfer for thrombectomy compared with neurological stroke units and contribute to stroke care in rural regions. Standardization of network structures, financial assurance and uniform quality measurements may further strengthen the importance of telestroke networks in the future.
KW  - Schlaganfall
KW  - Stroke-Unit
KW  - Telemedizin
KW  - Schlaganfall-Netzwerk
KW  - Umfragestudie
KW  - stroke
KW  - stroke unit
KW  - telemedicine
KW  - stroke networks
KW  - survey
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-307752
SN  - 0028-2804
SN  - 1433-0407
VL  - 92
IS  - 6
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Straube, B.
A1  - Reif, A.
A1  - Richter, J.
A1  - Lueken, U.
A1  - Weber, H.
A1  - Arolt, V.
A1  - Jansen, A.
A1  - Zwanzger, P.
A1  - Domschke, K.
A1  - Pauli, P.
A1  - Konrad, C.
A1  - Gerlach, A. L.
A1  - Lang, T.
A1  - Fydrich, T.
A1  - Alpers, G. W.
A1  - Stroehle, A.
A1  - Wittmann, A.
A1  - Pfleiderer, B.
A1  - Wittchen, H.-U.
A1  - Hamm, A.
A1  - Deckert, J.
A1  - Kircher, T.
T1  - The functional - 1019C/G HTR1A polymorphism and mechanisms of fear
JF  - Translational Psychiatry
N2  - Serotonin receptor 1A gene (HTR1A) knockout mice show pronounced defensive behaviour and increased fear conditioning to ambiguous conditioned stimuli. Such behaviour is a hallmark of pathological human anxiety, as observed in panic disorder with agoraphobia (PD/AG). Thus, variations in HTR1A might contribute to neurophysiological differences within subgroups of PD/AG patients. Here, we tested this hypothesis by combining genetic with behavioural techniques and neuroimaging. In a clinical multicentre trial, patients with PD/AG received 12 sessions of manualized cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and were genotyped for HTR1A rs6295. In four subsamples of this multicentre trial, exposure behaviour (n = 185), defensive reactivity measured using a behavioural avoidance test (BAT; before CBT: n = 245; after CBT: n = 171) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data during fear conditioning were acquired before and after CBT (n = 39). HTR1A risk genotype (GG) carriers more often escaped during the BAT before treatment. Exploratory fMRI results suggest increased activation of the amygdala in response to threat as well as safety cues before and after treatment in GG carriers. Furthermore, GG carriers demonstrated reduced effects of CBT on differential conditioning in regions including the bilateral insulae and the anterior cingulate cortex. Finally, risk genotype carriers demonstrated reduced self-initiated exposure behaviour to aversive situations. This study demonstrates the effect of HTR1A variation on defensive behaviour, amygdala activity, CBT-induced neural plasticity and normalization of defence behaviour in PD/AG. Our results, therefore, translate evidence from animal studies to humans and suggest a central role for HTR1A in differentiating subgroups of patients with anxiety disorders.
KW  - randomized-controlled trial
KW  - panic disorder
KW  - 5-HT1A receptor
KW  - defensive reactivity
KW  - major depression
KW  - cognitive-behavioral therapy
KW  - receptor gene polymorphism
KW  - C(-1019)G polymorphism
KW  - anxiety disorders
KW  - serotonin(1A) receptor
Y1  - 2014
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114369
SN  - 2158-3188
VL  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hommers, L. G.
A1  - Richter, J.
A1  - Yang, Y.
A1  - Raab, A.
A1  - Baumann, C.
A1  - Lang, K.
A1  - Schiele, M. A.
A1  - Weber, H.
A1  - Wittmann, A.
A1  - Wolf, C.
A1  - Alpers, G. W.
A1  - Arolt, V.
A1  - Domschke, K.
A1  - Fehm, L.
A1  - Fydrich, T.
A1  - Gerlach, A.
A1  - Gloster, A. T.
A1  - Hamm, A. O.
A1  - Helbig-Lang, S.
A1  - Kircher, T.
A1  - Lang, T.
A1  - Pané-Farré, C. A.
A1  - Pauli, P.
A1  - Pfleiderer, B.
A1  - Reif, A.
A1  - Romanos, M.
A1  - Straube, B.
A1  - Ströhle, A.
A1  - Wittchen, H.-U.
A1  - Frantz, S.
A1  - Ertl, G.
A1  - Lohse, M. J.
A1  - Lueken, U.
A1  - Deckert, J.
T1  - A functional genetic variation of SLC6A2 repressor hsa-miR-579-3p upregulates sympathetic noradrenergic processes of fear and anxiety
JF  - Translational Psychiatry
N2  - Increased sympathetic noradrenergic signaling is crucially involved in fear and anxiety as defensive states. MicroRNAs regulate dynamic gene expression during synaptic plasticity and genetic variation of microRNAs modulating noradrenaline transporter gene (SLC6A2) expression may thus lead to altered central and peripheral processing of fear and anxiety. In silico prediction of microRNA regulation of SLC6A2 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays and identified hsa-miR-579-3p as a regulating microRNA. The minor (T)-allele of rs2910931 (MAFcases = 0.431, MAFcontrols = 0.368) upstream of MIR579 was associated with panic disorder in patients (pallelic = 0.004, ncases = 506, ncontrols = 506) and with higher trait anxiety in healthy individuals (pASI = 0.029, pACQ = 0.047, n = 3112). Compared to the major (A)-allele, increased promoter activity was observed in luciferase reporter assays in vitro suggesting more effective MIR579 expression and SLC6A2 repression in vivo (p = 0.041). Healthy individuals carrying at least one (T)-allele showed a brain activation pattern suggesting increased defensive responding and sympathetic noradrenergic activation in midbrain and limbic areas during the extinction of conditioned fear. Panic disorder patients carrying two (T)-alleles showed elevated heart rates in an anxiety-provoking behavioral avoidance test (F(2, 270) = 5.47, p = 0.005). Fine-tuning of noradrenaline homeostasis by a MIR579 genetic variation modulated central and peripheral sympathetic noradrenergic activation during fear processing and anxiety. This study opens new perspectives on the role of microRNAs in the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders, particularly their cardiovascular symptoms and comorbidities.
KW  - clinical genetics
KW  - psychiatric disorders
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-322497
VL  - 8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Drube, Sebastian
A1  - Weber, Franziska
A1  - Loschinski, Romy
A1  - Beyer, Mandy
A1  - Rothe, Mandy
A1  - Rabenhorst, Anja
A1  - Göpfert, Christiane
A1  - Meininger, Isabel
A1  - Diamanti, Michaela A.
A1  - Stegner, David
A1  - Häfner, Norman
A1  - Böttcher, Martin
A1  - Reinecke, Kirstin
A1  - Herdegen, Thomas
A1  - Greten, Florian R.
A1  - Nieswandt, Bernhard
A1  - Hartmann, Karin
A1  - Krämer, Oliver H.
A1  - Kamradt, Thomas
T1  - Subthreshold IKK activation modulates the effector functions of primary mast cells and allows specific targeting of transformed mast cells
JF  - Oncotarget
N2  - Mast cell differentiation and proliferation depends on IL-3. IL-3 induces the activation of MAP-kinases and STATs and consequently induces proliferation and survival. Dysregulation of IL-3 signaling pathways also contribute to inflammation and tumorigenesis. We show here that IL-3 induces a SFK- and Ca2\(^{+}\)-dependent activation of the inhibitor of κB kinases 2 (IKK2) which results in mast cell proliferation and survival but does not induce IκBα-degradation and NFκB activation. Therefore we propose the term "subthreshold IKK activation". This subthreshold IKK activation also primes mast cells for enhanced responsiveness to IL-33R signaling. Consequently, co-stimulation with IL-3 and IL-33 increases IKK activation and massively enhances cytokine production induced by IL-33. We further reveal that in neoplastic mast cells expressing constitutively active Ras, subthreshold IKK activation is associated with uncontrolled proliferation. Consequently, pharmacological IKK inhibition reduces tumor growth selectively by inducing apoptosis in vivo. Together, subthreshold IKK activation is crucial to mediate the full IL-33-induced effector functions in primary mast cells and to mediate uncontrolled proliferation of neoplastic mast cells. Thus, IKK2 is a new molecularly defined target structure.
KW  - mast cells
KW  - subthreshold IKK activation
KW  - mitogenic signaling
KW  - NFκB-activation
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-143681
VL  - 6
IS  - 7
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hoppe, J.
A1  - Gatti, D.
A1  - Weber, H.
A1  - Sebald, Walter
T1  - Labeling of individual amino acid residues in the membrane-embedded F\(_0\) part of the F\(_1\) F\(_0\) ATP synthase from Neurospora crassa. Influence of oligomycin and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
N2  - Three F0 subunits and the F\(_1\) subunit P of the ATP synthase from Neurospora crassa were labeled with the lipophilic photoactivatable reagent 3-(trifluoromethyl)-3-(m-[\(^{125}\)I]iodophenyl)diazirine ([\(^{125}\)I]TID). In the proteolipid subunit which was the most heavily labeled polypeptide labeling was confmed to five residues at the NH2-terminus and five residues at the C-terminus ofthe protein. Labeling occurred at similar positions compared with the homologaus protein (subunit c) in the ATP synthase from Escherichia coli, indicating a similar structure of the proteolipid subunits in their respective organisms. The inhibitors oligomycin and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide did not change the pattern of accessible surface residues in the proteolipid, suggesting that neither inhibitor induces gross conformational changes. However, in the presence of oligomycin, the extent oflabeling in some residues was reduced. Apparently, these residues provide part of the binding site for the inhibitor. After reaction with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide an additional labeled amino acid was found at position 65 corresponding to the invariant carbodümide-binding glutamic acid. These results and previous observations indicate that the carboxyl side chain of Glu-65 is located at the protein-lipid interphase. The idea is discussed that proton translocation occurs at the interphase between different types if F\(_0\) subunits. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or oligomycin might disturb this essential interaction between the F\(_0\) subunits.
KW  - Biochemie
Y1  - 1986
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62598
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Koch, R.
A1  - Deger, A.
A1  - Klotz, Karl-Norbert
A1  - Schenzle, D.
A1  - Krämer, H.
A1  - Kelm, S.
A1  - Müller, G.
A1  - Rapp, R.
A1  - Weber, U.
T1  - Characterization of solubilized insulin receptors from rat liver microsomes. Existence of two receptor species with  different binding properties
N2  - Insulin receptors were solubilized from rat liver microsomes by the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. After gel filtration of the extract on Sepharose CL-6B, two insulin-binding species (peak I and peak li) were obtained. The structure and binding properties of both peaks were characterized. Gel filtration yielded Stokes radii of 9.2 nm (peak I) and 8.0 nm (peak Il). Both peaks were glycoproteins. At 4°C peak 1 showed optimal insulin binding at pH 8.0 and high ionic strength. In contrast, peak li bad its binding optimum at pH 7.0 and low ionic strength, where peak I bindingwas minimal. For peak I the change in insulin binding under different conditions of pH and ionic strength was due to a change in receptor affinity only. For peak 11 an additional change in receptor number was found. Both peaks yielded non-linear Scatchard plots under most of the buffer conditions examined. At their binding optima at 4 oc the high affinity dissociation constants were 0.50 nM (peak I) and 0.55 nM (peak II). Sodium dodecyl sulfatejpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of peak I revealed five receptor bands with Mr 400000, 365000, 320000, 290000, and 245000 under non-reducing conditions. For peak II two major receptor bands with M\(_r\) 210000 and 115000 were found. The peak II receptor bands were also obtained aftermild reduction of peak I. After complete reduction both peaks showed one major receptor band with M\(_r\) 130000. The reductive generation of the peak II receptor together with molecular mass estimations suggest that the peak I receptor is the disulfide-linked dimer of the peak II receptor. Thus, Triton extracts from rat liver microsomes contain two receptor species, which are related, but differ considerably in their size and insulin-binding properties.
KW  - Toxikologie
Y1  - 1986
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60215
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Weber, Martin V. R. H.
T1  - Populationsbiologische und pathogenetische Aspekte von Neisseria meningitidis
T1  - Population-based and pathogenetic aspects of Neisseria meningitidis.
N2  - Meningokokken sind nach wie vor eine wichtige Ursache für Gehirnhautentzündungen und Sepsen weltweit, vor allem bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Weil viele Pathomechanismen dieses Erregers bislang noch unvollständig verstanden sind, wurden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit populationsbiologische und pathogenetische Aspekte von Neisseria meningitidis untersucht. Die Kapsel ist der hauptsächliche Pathogenitätsfaktor von Meningokokken und wichtig für die Besiedelung von neuen Wirten. Isolate von symptomfreien Trägern sind allerdings häufig unbekapselt. Um Ursachen oder Mechanismen für den Verlust der Kapselexpression aufzudecken, wurden insgesamt 166 Isolate der Bayerischen Meningokokkenträgerstudie untersucht. Alle Isolate besaßen sämtliche zur Kapselsynthese notwendigen Gene, exprimierten aber keine Kapsel. Bei 39 Isolaten fanden sich Längenvariationen in homopolymeren Sequenzen (slipped strand mispairing, SSM) in den Genen siaA und siaD. 46 Isolate enthielten Insertionselemente (IS1301, IS1016 und IS1106) in den Genen der Kapselsynthese. Irreversible Mutationen (Deletionen, Insertionen, Basensubstitutionen) wurden bei 47 Isolaten gefunden. Veränderungen der Promotorregion schienen keine Rolle zu spielen. Es wurden bei insgesamt sechs Isolaten zwei nicht-synonyme Mutationen in unmittelbarer Nähe zum putativen aktiven Zentrum der UDP-N- Acetylglukosamin-2-Epimerase entdeckt, die einen Verlust der Kapselsynthese erklären könnten. Insgesamt wurden keine Akkumulationen von Mutationen in defekten Genen gefunden und es gab auch keine Korrelationen zwischen den verschieden Ursachen und bestimmten klonalen Linien. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die meisten der zur Blockierung der Kapselexpression führenden Ereignisse erst im aktuellen Wirt aufgetreten sind und dass zumindest bei bestimmten klonalen Linien die Verbreitung von der Expression einer Kapsel abhängig ist. Viele pathogene Bakterien nutzen zur Infektion des Menschen die ubiquitär im Körper vorkommende Protease Plasmin. Dazu binden diese Plasmin oder das Proenzym Plasminogen. Auch Meningokokken interagieren mit Plasmin und Plasminogen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit konnten drei Rezeptormoleküle für Plasminogen identifiziert werden. Die drei Proteine Enolase, DnaK und Peroxiredoxin konnten mit verschiedenen Methoden auf der Oberfläche der Erreger nachgewiesen werden. Die Bindung des Plasminogens ist bei Meningokokken ausschließlich über Lysinreste der Rezeptoren vermittelt, die C-terminalen Lysinreste der hier identifizierten Rezeptormoleküle spielen aber, wenn überhaupt, nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Die Bindung von Plasminogen war durch rekombinante Rezeptorproteine konzentrationsabhängig inhibierbar. Plasminogen konnte von Meningokokken auch aus dem Serum rekrutiert werden. Gebundenes Plasminogen war mit uPA (Urokinase Plasminogen Aktivator) aktivierbar und physiologisch aktiv, was durch die Degradation von Fibrinogen nachgewiesen wurde. Das gebundene Plasmin wurde durch die Bakterien vor der Desaktivierung durch &#945;2- Antiplasmin geschützt. Des Weiteren konnte gezeigt werden, dass Meningokokken auch mit weiteren Faktoren des Fibrinolyse-Systems (uPA) interagieren. Sie rekrutierten uPA an ihre Oberfläche und gebundenes uPA war physiologisch aktiv. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse bestärken die These, dass Meningokokken die Faktoren des Fibrinolyse-Systems für ihre Pathogenese nutzen.
N2  - Meningococci remain to be one of the major causes for meningitis and septicaemia worldwide, especially in children and young adults. Because many of the pathogen’s pathomechanisms still remain unresolved, in the present doctoral thesis population biology and pathogenetic aspects of Neisseria meningitidis were investigated. The capsule is the major virulence-factor of meningococci and important for the dispersal to new hosts. However, isolates extracted from healthy carriers are frequently unencapsulated. To reveal the causes or mechanisms underlying this loss of encapsulation 166 strains of the Bavarian Meningococci Carriage Study were analysed. All these strains possessed all the genes responsible for capsule expression but were acapsulate. Slipped strand mispairing was demonstrated for 39 isolates in the genes siaA and siaD. The insertion elements IS1016, IS1106 and IS1301 were responsible for the loss of encapsulation in other 46 strains and 47 isolates showed irreversible mutations (deletions, insertions and base exchanges) in capsule genes. Sequence alterations in the promoter region seemed not to be responsible for the loss of encapsulation. In close vicinity to the putative active site of the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase two non-synonymous mutations were detected in altogether six strains. Altogether there was no accumulation of mutations in the uncovered defective genes and no correlation between state of encapsulation and specific clonal lineages could be revealed. The obtained results portray a scenario, were the loss of encapsulation happens in the recent host and where at least some clonal lineages are dependent on the capsule for dissemination. Many bacteria use the protease plasmin for their pathogenesis. For this they recruit plasmin or its precursor plasminogen to their surface. Meningococci were shown to interact with plasminogen, too. In the present thesis three meningococcal receptors for plasminogen were identified. The three receptor proteins enolase, DnaK and peroxiredoxin were shown to be localised extracellularly on the bacterial cell surface by diverse techniques. Binding of plasminogen was demonstrated to occur exclusively to lysine residues of the receptor molecules, but the C-terminal lysine residues of the newly identified receptors were not involved in this process. Recruitment of plasminogen to the bacterial surface could be inhibited by soluble, recombinant receptor proteins in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, meningococci were shown to be able to recruit plasminogen from human serum. Receptor bound plasminogen could be activated by uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator) and was physiologically active as demonstrated by degradation of fibrinogen. The bound plasmin was also protected from deactivation by &#945;2-antiplasmin. In addition, Neisseria meningitidis was shown to interact with other components of the fibrinolytic system. The bacteria attached uPA to their surface and the bound uPA was physiologically active. These data provide further evidence for recruitment and usage of factors of the fibrinolytic system in pathogenesis of meningococci.
KW  - Neisseria meningitidis
KW  - Bakterienkapsel
KW  - Plasminogen
KW  - Plasminogen-Aktivator
KW  - Urokinase
KW  - Epidemiologie
KW  - Krankheitsübertragung
KW  - Bakterielle Infek
KW  - Meningokokken
KW  - Meningokokken-Infektion
KW  - Extrazelluläre Matrix
KW  - Plasminogen-Rezeptoren
KW  - Populationsbasierte Studie
KW  - Neisseria meningitidis
KW  - meningococcus
KW  - carriage study
KW  - plasminogen receptor
KW  - infection
Y1  - 2007
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-25775
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Grassmann, Felix
A1  - Fritsche, Lars G.
A1  - Keilhauer, Claudia N.
A1  - Heid, Iris M.
A1  - Weber, Bernhard H. F.
T1  - Modelling the Genetic Risk in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
JF  - PLoS One
N2  - Late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common sight-threatening disease of the central retina affecting approximately 1 in 30 Caucasians. Besides age and smoking, genetic variants from several gene loci have reproducibly been associated with this condition and likely explain a large proportion of disease. Here, we developed a genetic risk score (GRS) for AMD based on 13 risk variants from eight gene loci. The model exhibited good discriminative accuracy, area-under-curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic of 0.820, which was confirmed in a cross-validation approach. Noteworthy, younger AMD patients aged below 75 had a significantly higher mean GRS (1.87, 95% CI: 1.69-2.05) than patients aged 75 and above (1.45, 95% CI: 1.36-1.54). Based on five equally sized GRS intervals, we present a risk classification with a relative AMD risk of 64.0 (95% CI: 14.11-1131.96) for individuals in the highest category (GRS 3.44-5.18, 0.5% of the general population) compared to subjects with the most common genetic background (GRS -0.05-1.70, 40.2% of general population). The highest GRS category identifies AMD patients with a sensitivity of 7.9% and a specificity of 99.9% when compared to the four lower categories. Modeling a general population around 85 years of age, 87.4% of individuals in the highest GRS category would be expected to develop AMD by that age. In contrast, only 2.2% of individuals in the two lowest GRS categories which represent almost 50% of the general population are expected to manifest AMD. Our findings underscore the large proportion of AMD cases explained by genetics particularly for younger AMD patients. The five-category risk classification could be useful for therapeutic stratification or for diagnostic testing purposes once preventive treatment is available.
KW  - AMD
KW  - complement factor-H
KW  - grading system
KW  - United States
KW  - vitamin C
KW  - prevalence
KW  - variants
KW  - susceptibility
KW  - association
KW  - maculopathy
KW  - variant genotypes
KW  - genetic loci
KW  - macular degeneration
KW  - genetics of disease
KW  - eyes
KW  - cased-control studies
KW  - genotyping
KW  - human genetics
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131315
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sepahi, Ilnaz
A1  - Faust, Ulrike
A1  - Sturm, Marc
A1  - Bosse, Kristin
A1  - Kehrer, Martin
A1  - Heinrich, Tilman
A1  - Grundman-Hauser, Kathrin
A1  - Bauer, Peter
A1  - Ossowski, Stephan
A1  - Susak, Hana
A1  - Varon, Raymonda
A1  - Schröck, Evelin
A1  - Niederacher, Dieter
A1  - Auber, Bernd
A1  - Sutter, Christian
A1  - Arnold, Norbert
A1  - Hahnen, Eric
A1  - Dworniczak, Bernd
A1  - Wang-Gorke, Shan
A1  - Gehrig, Andrea
A1  - Weber, Bernhard H. F.
A1  - Engel, Christoph
A1  - Lemke, Johannes R.
A1  - Hartkopf, Andreas
A1  - Huu Phuc, Nguyen
A1  - Riess, Olaf
A1  - Schroeder, Christopher
T1  - Investigating the effects of additional truncating variants in DNA-repair genes on breast cancer risk in BRCA1-positive women
JF  - BMC Cancer
N2  - Background
Inherited pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the most common causes of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). The risk of developing breast cancer by age 80 in women carrying a BRCA1 pathogenic variant is 72%. The lifetime risk varies between families and even within affected individuals of the same family. The cause of this variability is largely unknown, but it is hypothesized that additional genetic factors contribute to differences in age at onset (AAO). Here we investigated whether truncating and rare missense variants in genes of different DNA-repair pathways contribute to this phenomenon.

Methods
We used extreme phenotype sampling to recruit 133 BRCA1-positive patients with either early breast cancer onset, below 35 (early AAO cohort) or cancer-free by age 60 (controls). Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used to screen for variants in 311 genes involved in different DNA-repair pathways.

Results
Patients with an early AAO (73 women) had developed breast cancer at a median age of 27 years (interquartile range (IQR); 25.00–27.00 years). A total of 3703 variants were detected in all patients and 43 of those (1.2%) were truncating variants. The truncating variants were found in 26 women of the early AAO group (35.6%; 95%-CI 24.7 - 47.7%) compared to 16 women of controls (26.7%; 95%-CI 16.1 to 39.7%). When adjusted for environmental factors and family history, the odds ratio indicated an increased breast cancer risk for those carrying an additional truncating DNA-repair variant to BRCA1 mutation (OR: 3.1; 95%-CI 0.92 to 11.5; p-value = 0.07), although it did not reach the conventionally acceptable significance level of 0.05.

Conclusions
To our knowledge this is the first time that the combined effect of truncating variants in DNA-repair genes on AAO in patients with hereditary breast cancer is investigated. Our results indicate that co-occurring truncating variants might be associated with an earlier onset of breast cancer in BRCA1-positive patients. Larger cohorts are needed to confirm these results.
KW  - breast cancer
KW  - age at onset
KW  - DNA-repair genes
KW  - next-generation-sequencing
KW  - panel sequencing
KW  - extreme phenotypes
KW  - hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
KW  - BRCA1
KW  - DNA-repair
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-237676
VL  - 19
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vogel, Patrick
A1  - Markert, Jonathan
A1  - Rückert, Martin A.
A1  - Herz, Stefan
A1  - Keßler, Benedikt
A1  - Dremel, Kilian
A1  - Althoff, Daniel
A1  - Weber, Matthias
A1  - Buzug, Thorsten M.
A1  - Bley, Thorsten A.
A1  - Kullmann, Walter H.
A1  - Hanke, Randolf
A1  - Zabler, Simon
A1  - Behr, Volker C.
T1  - Magnetic Particle Imaging meets computed tomography: first simultaneous imaging
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising new tomographic modality for fast as well as three-dimensional visualization of magnetic material. For anatomical or structural information an additional imaging modality such as computed tomography (CT) is required. In this paper, the first hybrid MPI-CT scanner for multimodal imaging providing simultaneous data acquisition is presented.
KW  - Applied physics
KW  - Biomedical engineering
KW  - Imaging techniques
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-202501
VL  - 9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Weber, J.
A1  - Glutsch, V.
A1  - Geissinger, E.
A1  - Haug, L.
A1  - Lock, J.F.
A1  - Schneider, F.
A1  - Kneitz, H.
A1  - Goebeler, M.
A1  - Schilling, B.
A1  - Gesierich, A.
T1  - Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with combined ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with melanoma with primary or in transit disease
JF  - British Journal of Dermatology
N2  - The introduction of new therapeutic agents has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic melanoma. The approval of adjuvant anti‐programmed death‐1 monotherapy with nivolumab or pembrolizumab, and dabrafenib plus trametinib has recently set a new landmark in the treatment of stage III melanoma. Now, clinical trials have shown that immune checkpoint blockade can be performed in a neoadjuvant setting, an approach established as a standard therapeutic approach for other tumour entities such as breast cancer. Recent studies suggest that a pathological response achieved by neoadjuvant immunotherapy is associated with long‐term tumour control and that short neoadjuvant application of checkpoint inhibitors may be superior to adjuvant therapy. Most recently, neoadjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab in stage III melanoma was reported. With two courses of dose‐optimized ipilimumab (1 mg kg−1) combined with nivolumab (3 mg kg−1), pathological responses were observed in 77% of patients, while only 20% of patients experienced grade 3 or 4 adverse events. However, the neoadjuvant trials employing combined immune checkpoint blockade conducted so far have excluded patients with in transit metastases, a common finding in stage III melanoma. Here we report four patients with in transit metastases or an advanced primary tumour who have been treated with neoadjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab according to the OpACIN‐neo trial scheme (arm B). All patients achieved radiological disease control and a pathological response. None of the patients has relapsed so far.
KW  - Immunotherapy
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-213520
VL  - 183
IS  - 3
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Aboagye, B.
A1  - Weber, T.
A1  - Merdian, H. L.
A1  - Bartsch, D.
A1  - Lesch, K. P.
A1  - Waider, J.
T1  - Serotonin deficiency induced after brain maturation rescues consequences of early life adversity
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - Brain serotonin (5-HT) system dysfunction is implicated in depressive disorders and acute depletion of 5-HT precursor tryptophan has frequently been used to model the influence of 5-HT deficiency on emotion regulation. Tamoxifen (TAM)-induced Cre/loxP-mediated inactivation of the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 gene (Tph2) was used to investigate the effects of provoked 5-HT deficiency in adult mice (Tph2 icKO) previously subjected to maternal separation (MS). The efficiency of Tph2 inactivation was validated by immunohistochemistry and HPLC. The impact of Tph2 icKO in interaction with MS stress (Tph2 icKOxMS) on physiological parameters, emotional behavior and expression of 5-HT system-related marker genes were assessed. Tph2 icKO mice displayed a significant reduction in 5-HT immunoreactive cells and 5-HT concentrations in the rostral raphe region within four weeks following TAM treatment. Tph2 icKO and MS differentially affected food and water intake, locomotor activity as well as panic-like escape behavior. Tph2 icKO prevented the adverse effects of MS stress and altered the expression of the genes previously linked to stress and emotionality. In conclusion, an experimental model was established to study the behavioral and neurobiological consequences of 5-HT deficiency in adulthood in interaction with early-life adversity potentially affecting brain development and the pathogenesis of depressive disorders.
KW  - emotion
KW  - molecular medicine
KW  - neuroscience
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-258626
SN  - 2045-2322
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lueken, U
A1  - Kuhn, M
A1  - Yang, Y
A1  - Straube, B
A1  - Kircher, T
A1  - Wittchen, H-U
A1  - Pfleiderer, B
A1  - Arolt, V
A1  - Wittmann, A
A1  - Ströhle, A
A1  - Weber, H
A1  - Reif, A
A1  - Domschke, K
A1  - Deckert, J
A1  - Lonsdorf, TB
T1  - Modulation of defensive reactivity by GLRB allelic variation: converging evidence from an intermediate phenotype approach
JF  - Translational Psychiatry
N2  - Representing a phylogenetically old and very basic mechanism of inhibitory neurotransmission, glycine receptors have been implicated in the modulation of behavioral components underlying defensive responding toward threat. As one of the first findings being confirmed by genome-wide association studies for the phenotype of panic disorder and agoraphobia, allelic variation in a gene coding for the glycine receptor beta subunit (GLRB) has recently been associated with increased neural fear network activation and enhanced acoustic startle reflexes. On the basis of two independent healthy control samples, we here aimed to further explore the functional significance of the GLRB genotype (rs7688285) by employing an intermediate phenotype approach. We focused on the phenotype of defensive system reactivity across the levels of brain function, structure, and physiology. Converging evidence across both samples was found for increased neurofunctional activation in the (anterior) insular cortex in GLRB risk allele carriers and altered fear conditioning as a function of genotype. The robustness of GLRB effects is demonstrated by consistent findings across different experimental fear conditioning paradigms and recording sites. Altogether, findings provide translational evidence for glycine neurotransmission as a modulator of the brain’s evolutionary old dynamic defensive system and provide further support for a strong, biologically plausible candidate intermediate phenotype of defensive reactivity. As such, glycine-dependent neurotransmission may open up new avenues for mechanistic research on the etiopathogenesis of fear and anxiety disorders.
KW  - glycine receptor beta subunit
KW  - neural fear network activation
KW  - intermediate phenotype approach
KW  - defensive system reactivity
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-182381
VL  - 7
IS  - e1227
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gröbner, Susanne N.
A1  - Worst, Barbara C.
A1  - Weischenfeldt, Joachim
A1  - Buchhalter, Ivo
A1  - Kleinheinz, Kortine
A1  - Rudneva, Vasilisa A.
A1  - Johann, Pascal D.
A1  - Balasubramanian, Gnana Prakash
A1  - Segura-Wang, Maia
A1  - Brabetz, Sebastian
A1  - Bender, Sebastian
A1  - Hutter, Barbara
A1  - Sturm, Dominik
A1  - Pfaff, Elke
A1  - Hübschmann, Daniel
A1  - Zipprich, Gideon
A1  - Heinold, Michael
A1  - Eils, Jürgen
A1  - Lawerenz, Christian
A1  - Erkek, Serap
A1  - Lambo, Sander
A1  - Waszak, Sebastian
A1  - Blattmann, Claudia
A1  - Borkhardt, Arndt
A1  - Kuhlen, Michaela
A1  - Eggert, Angelika
A1  - Fulda, Simone
A1  - Gessler, Manfred
A1  - Wegert, Jenny
A1  - Kappler, Roland
A1  - Baumhoer, Daniel
A1  - Stefan, Burdach
A1  - Kirschner-Schwabe, Renate
A1  - Kontny, Udo
A1  - Kulozik, Andreas E.
A1  - Lohmann, Dietmar
A1  - Hettmer, Simone
A1  - Eckert, Cornelia
A1  - Bielack, Stefan
A1  - Nathrath, Michaela
A1  - Niemeyer, Charlotte
A1  - Richter, Günther H.
A1  - Schulte, Johannes
A1  - Siebert, Reiner
A1  - Westermann, Frank
A1  - Molenaar, Jan J.
A1  - Vassal, Gilles
A1  - Witt, Hendrik
A1  - Burkhardt, Birgit
A1  - Kratz, Christian P.
A1  - Witt, Olaf
A1  - van Tilburg, Cornelis M.
A1  - Kramm, Christof M.
A1  - Fleischhack, Gudrun
A1  - Dirksen, Uta
A1  - Rutkowski, Stefan
A1  - Frühwald, Michael
A1  - Hoff, Katja von
A1  - Wolf, Stephan
A1  - Klingebeil, Thomas
A1  - Koscielniak, Ewa
A1  - Landgraf, Pablo
A1  - Koster, Jan
A1  - Resnick, Adam C.
A1  - Zhang, Jinghui
A1  - Liu, Yanling
A1  - Zhou, Xin
A1  - Waanders, Angela J.
A1  - Zwijnenburg, Danny A.
A1  - Raman, Pichai
A1  - Brors, Benedikt
A1  - Weber, Ursula D.
A1  - Northcott, Paul A.
A1  - Pajtler, Kristian W.
A1  - Kool, Marcel
A1  - Piro, Rosario M.
A1  - Korbel, Jan O.
A1  - Schlesner, Matthias
A1  - Eils, Roland
A1  - Jones, David T. W.
A1  - Lichter, Peter
A1  - Chavez, Lukas
A1  - Zapatka, Marc
A1  - Pfister, Stefan M.
T1  - The landscape of genomic alterations across childhood cancers
JF  - Nature
N2  - Pan-cancer analyses that examine commonalities and differences among various cancer types have emerged as a powerful way to obtain novel insights into cancer biology. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of genetic alterations in a pan-cancer cohort including 961 tumours from children, adolescents, and young adults, comprising 24 distinct molecular types of cancer. Using a standardized workflow, we identified marked differences in terms of mutation frequency and significantly mutated genes in comparison to previously analysed adult cancers. Genetic alterations in 149 putative cancer driver genes separate the tumours into two classes: small mutation and structural/copy-number variant (correlating with germline variants). Structural variants, hyperdiploidy, and chromothripsis are linked to TP53 mutation status and mutational signatures. Our data suggest that 7–8% of the children in this cohort carry an unambiguous predisposing germline variant and that nearly 50% of paediatric neoplasms harbour a potentially druggable event, which is highly relevant for the design of future clinical trials.
KW  - cancer genomics
KW  - oncogenesis
KW  - paediatric cancer
KW  - predictive markers
KW  - translational research
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229579
VL  - 555
ER  -