TY  - JOUR
A1  - Frantz, Stefan
A1  - Falcao-Pires, Ines
A1  - Balligand, Jean-Luc
A1  - Bauersachs, Johann
A1  - Brutsaert, Dirk
A1  - Ciccarelli, Michele
A1  - Dawson, Dana
A1  - de Windt, Leon J.
A1  - Giacca, Mauro
A1  - Hamdani, Nazha
A1  - Hilfiker-Kleiner, Denise
A1  - Hirsch, Emilio
A1  - Leite-Moreira, Adelino
A1  - Mayr, Manuel
A1  - Thum, Thomas
A1  - Tocchetti, Carlo G.
A1  - van der Velden, Jolanda
A1  - Varricchi, Gilda
A1  - Heymans, Stephane
T1  - The innate immune system in chronic cardiomyopathy: a European Society of Cardiology (ESC) scientific statement from the Working Group on Myocardial Function of the ESC
JF  - European Journal of Heart Failure
N2  - Activation of the immune system in heart failure (HF) has been recognized for over 20 years. Initially, experimental studies demonstrated a maladaptive role of the immune system. However, several phase III trials failed to show beneficial effects in HF with therapies directed against an immune activation. Preclinical studies today describe positive and negative effects of immune activation in HF. These different effects depend on timing and aetiology of HF. Therefore, herein we give a detailed review on immune mechanisms and their importance for the development of HF with a special focus on commonalities and differences between different forms of cardiomyopathies. The role of the immune system in ischaemic, hypertensive, diabetic, toxic, viral, genetic, peripartum, and autoimmune cardiomyopathy is discussed in depth. Overall, initial damage to the heart leads to disease specific activation of the immune system whereas in the chronic phase of HF overlapping mechanisms occur in different aetiologies.
KW  - immune system
KW  - macrophage
KW  - T-cell
KW  - ischaemic cardiomyopathy
KW  - hypertensive cardiomyopathy
KW  - diabetic cardiomyopathy
KW  - toxic cardiomyopathy
KW  - viral cardiomyopathy
KW  - genetic cardiomyopathy
KW  - peripartum cardiomyopathy
KW  - autoimmune cardiomyopathy
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229091
VL  - 20
ER  -