TY - THES A1 - Menger, Johannes T1 - Einfluss von Risikofaktoren auf den Behandlungserfolg von VEGF-Inhibitoren bei altersabhängiger Makuladegeneration T1 - Influence Of AMD-Risk Factors On The Effectiveness Of Anti-VEGF Therapy N2 - Hintergrund: In dieser retrospektiven Studie soll der Einfluss von Rauchen, Alter und systemischer Medikation auf den Behandlungserfolg einer Anti-VEGF Therapie bei altersbedingter Makuladegeneration (AMD) über einen Zeitraum von 24 Monaten untersucht werden. Patienten und Methode: 100 Patienten mit choroidalen Neovaskularisationen bei AMD wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Best korrigierter Visus (BV), Anzahl der Injektionen in 24 Monaten sowie Rauchgewohnheiten und systemische Medikation wurden für die Analysen berücksichtigt. Ausschlusskriterium war ein BV < 0,1 zu Beginn der Behandlung. Resultate: 42 Raucher (inkl. 31 Exraucher) mit 23,5 Packyears (Py) im Median wurden identifiziert. Je mehr Py ein Patient rauchte, umso niedriger war sein BV nach der letzten Injektion (p = 0,009). Je mehr Zigaretten pro Tag ein Raucher rauchte, umso mehr Injektionen erhielt er in 24 Monaten (p = 0,0042). Bluthochdruckpatienten hatten einen niedrigeren BV nach der letzten Injektion (p = 0,045). Schlussfolgerungen Rauchen ist nicht nur ein Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung einer AMD, sondern auch für die Effektivität der Anti-VEGF Therapie. Auch unter sozioökonomischen Gesichtspunkten ist dies ein weiterer Grund, Patienten zur Aufgabe des Rauchens aufzufordern. N2 - Background: To investigate the influence of smoking, age and systemic medication on the effectiveness of an anti-VEGF therapy in patients with exsudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Patients and methods: A total of 100 patients were included in the retrospective analysis. Data included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and number of injections in 24 months. Subjects with BCVA < 0.1 at baseline were rejected. All patients were interviewed about smoking habits and current systemic medication. Results: The study comprised 42 smokers (including 31 past-smokers) with a median of 23.5 packyears (py). The more py a patient had smoked, the lower BCVA was after the last injection (p = 0.009). The more cigarettes per day a smoker had smoked the more injections he had received (p = 0.0042). Patients with arterial hypertension had a lower BCVA after the last injection (p = 0.045). Conclusions: Smoking is not only a risk factor for the development of AMD but also for the effectiveness of an anti-VEGF treatment. Also from a socio-economic point of view AMD patients should be instructed to quit smoking. KW - Augenheilkunde KW - Makuladegeneration KW - Vascular endothelial Growth Factor KW - Rauchen KW - Risikofaktor KW - PRN-Schema Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-110935 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menger, Johannes A1 - Lee, Zheng-Yii A1 - Notz, Quirin A1 - Wallqvist, Julia A1 - Hasan, M. Shahnaz A1 - Elke, Gunnar A1 - Dworschak, Martin A1 - Meybohm, Patrick A1 - Heyland, Daren K. A1 - Stoppe, Christian T1 - Administration of vitamin D and its metabolites in critically ill adult patients: an updated systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials JF - Critical Care N2 - Background The clinical significance of vitamin D administration in critically ill patients remains inconclusive. The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of vitamin D and its metabolites on major clinical outcomes in critically ill patients, including a subgroup analysis based on vitamin D status and route of vitamin D administration. Methods Major databases were searched through February 9, 2022. Randomized controlled trials of adult critically ill patients with an intervention group receiving vitamin D or its metabolites were included. Random-effect meta-analyses were performed to estimate the pooled risk ratio (dichotomized outcomes) or mean difference (continuous outcomes). Risk of bias assessment included the Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials. Results Sixteen randomized clinical trials with 2449 patients were included. Vitamin D administration was associated with lower overall mortality (16 studies: risk ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.62–0.97, p = 0.03; I2 = 30%), reduced intensive care unit length of stay (12 studies: mean difference − 3.13 days, 95% CI − 5.36 to − 0.89, n = 1250, p = 0.006; I2 = 70%), and shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (9 studies: mean difference − 5.07 days, 95% CI − 7.42 to − 2.73, n = 572, p < 0.0001; I2 = 54%). Parenteral administration was associated with a greater effect on overall mortality than enteral administration (test of subgroup differences, p = 0.04), whereas studies of parenteral subgroups had lower quality. There were no subgroup differences based on baseline vitamin D levels. Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation in critically ill patients may reduce mortality. Parenteral administration might be associated with a greater impact on mortality. Heterogeneity and assessed certainty among the studies limits the generalizability of the results. KW - critically ill KW - vitamin D KW - nutrition KW - meta-analysis KW - mortality KW - mechanical ventilator weaning Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-299700 VL - 26 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Notz, Quirin A1 - Lee, Zheng-Yii A1 - Menger, Johannes A1 - Elke, Gunnar A1 - Hill, Aileen A1 - Kranke, Peter A1 - Roeder, Daniel A1 - Lotz, Christopher A1 - Meybohm, Patrick A1 - Heyland, Daren K. A1 - Stoppe, Christian T1 - Omega-6 sparing effects of parenteral lipid emulsions-an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients JF - Critical Care N2 - Background Parenteral lipid emulsions in critical care are traditionally based on soybean oil (SO) and rich in pro-inflammatory omega-6 fatty acids (FAs). Parenteral nutrition (PN) strategies with the aim of reducing omega-6 FAs may potentially decrease the morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and CENTRAL was conducted to identify all randomized controlled trials in critically ill patients published from inception to June 2021, which investigated clinical omega-6 sparing effects. Two independent reviewers extracted bias risk, treatment details, patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. Random effect meta-analysis was performed. Results 1054 studies were identified in our electronic search, 136 trials were assessed for eligibility and 26 trials with 1733 critically ill patients were included. The median methodologic score was 9 out of 14 points (95% confidence interval [CI] 7, 10). Omega-6 FA sparing PN in comparison with traditional lipid emulsions did not decrease overall mortality (20 studies; risk ratio [RR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.76, 1.10; p = 0.34) but hospital length of stay was substantially reduced (6 studies; weighted mean difference [WMD] − 6.88; 95% CI − 11.27, − 2.49; p = 0.002). Among the different lipid emulsions, fish oil (FO) containing PN reduced the length of intensive care (8 studies; WMD − 3.53; 95% CI − 6.16, − 0.90; p = 0.009) and rate of infectious complications (4 studies; RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.44, 0.95; p = 0.03). When FO was administered as a stand-alone medication outside PN, potential mortality benefits were observed compared to standard care. Conclusion Overall, these findings highlight distinctive omega-6 sparing effects attributed to PN. Among the different lipid emulsions, FO in combination with PN or as a stand-alone treatment may have the greatest clinical impact. KW - omega-6 fatty acid KW - parenteral nutrition KW - critical illness KW - immunonutrition KW - fish oil KW - omega-3 fatty acid Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-299710 VL - 26 IS - 1 ER -