TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nagai, Michiaki
A1  - Förster, Carola Yvette
A1  - Dote, Keigo
T1  - Sex hormone-specific neuroanatomy of Takotsubo syndrome: is the insular cortex a moderator?
JF  - Biomolecules
N2  - Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), a transient form of dysfunction in the heart's left ventricle, occurs predominantly in postmenopausal women who have emotional stress. Earlier studies support the concept that the human circulatory system is modulated by a cortical network (consisting of the anterior cingulate gyrus, amygdala, and insular cortex (Ic)) that plays a pivotal role in the central autonomic nervous system in relation to emotional stressors. The Ic plays a crucial role in the sympathovagal balance, and decreased levels of female sex hormones have been speculated to change functional cerebral asymmetry, with a possible link to autonomic instability. In this review, we focus on the Ic as an important moderator of the human brain–heart axis in association with sex hormones. We also summarize the current knowledge regarding the sex-specific neuroanatomy in TTS.
KW  - insular cortex
KW  - autonomic nervous system
KW  - laterality
KW  - sex hormone
KW  - central autonomic network
KW  - Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-254776
SN  - 2218-273X
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
ER  -