TY - THES A1 - Mittnacht, Maria Annette T1 - Herz- und Lungenfunktion bei morbider Adipositas und Einfluss einer Gewichtsabnahme auf kardiopulmonale Funktionsparameter und Atempumpe T1 - Improvement in lung and cardiac function by weight loss in obese patients N2 - Die Prävalenz von Adipositas steigt weltweit. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird nachgewiesen, dass bereits in einer Kohorte adipöser asymptomatischer Erwachsene funktionelle pulmonale und kardiale Einschränkungen vorliegen. Diese werden durch den Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen nach Gewichtsabnahme im Rahmen des OPTIFAST 52 Programms offensichtlich. Ein strukturiertes Gewichtsabnahmeprogramm führt zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung der pulmonalen und kardialen Parameter auch bei asymptomatischen adipösen Teilnehmern. Dies unterstreicht, wie wichtig aggressive Gewichtsabnahmeprogramme so früh wie möglich sind, um kardiopulmonale Morbidität zu vermeiden. N2 - The prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity can lead to cardiovascular and ventilatory complications as obstructive sleep apnea and obesity hypoventilation syndrome. The exact role of obesity in the pathophysiology of obstructive lung disease and pulmonary hypertension is unclear. Objective: To determine lung function and cardiac function in obese adults and to evaluate the effect of weight loss on lung and cardiac function. Design: In a prospective observational study bodyplethysmography, mouth occlusion pressure and echocardiography was performed in patients undergoing a one year structured weight loss program (OPTIFAST®). Results: After 6 months participation in the weight loss program we found a decrease of body weight, BMI and a significant improvement of lung function Additionally, we noticed a decrease of myocardial mass, left ventricular myocardial performance index, MAPSE and an increase of pulmonary outflow acceleration time reflecting a decrease of lung perfusion resistance. Conclusion: The structured weight loss program OPTIFAST can lead to an significant improvement of ventilatory and myocardial function in obese patients. KW - Fettsucht KW - Lungenfunktion KW - Herzfunktion KW - Optifast KW - Gewichtsabnahme KW - Hypoventilationssyndrom KW - Adipositas Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-155290 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Held, Matthias A1 - Mittnacht, Maria A1 - Kolb, Martin A1 - Karl, Sabine A1 - Jany, Berthold T1 - Pulmonary and Cardiac Function in Asymptomatic Obese Subjects and Changes following a Structured Weight Reduction Program: A Prospective Observational Study JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Background The prevalence of obesity is rising. Obesity can lead to cardiovascular and ventilatory complications through multiple mechanisms. Cardiac and pulmonary function in asymptomatic subjects and the effect of structured dietary programs on cardiac and pulmonary function is unclear. Objective To determine lung and cardiac function in asymptomatic obese adults and to evaluate whether weight loss positively affects functional parameters. Methods We prospectively evaluated bodyplethysmographic and echocardiographic data in asymptomatic subjects undergoing a structured one-year weight reduction program. Results 74 subjects (32 male, 42 female; mean age 42±12 years) with an average BMI 42.5±7.9, body weight 123.7±24.9 kg were enrolled. Body weight correlated negatively with vital capacity (R = −0.42, p<0.001), FEV1 (R = −0.497, p<0.001) and positively with P 0.1 (R = 0.32, p = 0.02) and myocardial mass (R = 0.419, p = 0.002). After 4 months the study subjects had significantly reduced their body weight (−26.0±11.8 kg) and BMI (−8.9±3.8) associated with a significant improvement of lung function (absolute changes: vital capacity +5.5±7.5% pred., p<0.001; FEV1+9.8±8.3% pred., p<0.001, ITGV+16.4±16.0% pred., p<0.001, SR tot −17.4±41.5% pred., p<0.01). Moreover, P0.1/Pimax decreased to 47.7% (p<0.01) indicating a decreased respiratory load. The change of FEV1 correlated significantly with the change of body weight (R = −0.31, p = 0.03). Echocardiography demonstrated reduced myocardial wall thickness (−0.08±0.2 cm, p = 0.02) and improved left ventricular myocardial performance index (−0.16±0.35, p = 0.02). Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (+0.14, p = 0.03) and pulmonary outflow acceleration time (AT +26.65±41.3 ms, p = 0.001) increased. Conclusion Even in asymptomatic individuals obesity is associated with abnormalities in pulmonary and cardiac function and increased myocardial mass. All the abnormalities can be reversed by a weight reduction program. KW - pulmonary hypertension KW - echocardiography KW - morbid obesity KW - asthma KW - pulmonary function KW - weight loss KW - body weight KW - obesity Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-119239 VL - 9 IS - 9 ER -