TY - JOUR A1 - Carmela Vegliante, Maria A1 - Royo, Cristina A1 - Palomero, Jara A1 - Salaverria, Itziar A1 - Balint, Balazs A1 - Martin-Guerrero, Idoia A1 - Agirre, Xabier A1 - Lujambio, Amaia A1 - Richter, Julia A1 - Xargay-Torrent, Silvia A1 - Bea, Silvia A1 - Hernandez, Luis A1 - Enjuanes, Anna A1 - Jose Calasanz, Maria A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Ott, German A1 - Roman-Gomez, Jose A1 - Prosper, Felipe A1 - Esteller, Manel A1 - Jares, Pedro A1 - Siebert, Reiner A1 - Campo, Elias A1 - Martin-Subero, Jose I. A1 - Amador, Virginia T1 - Epigenetic Activation of SOX11 in Lymphoid Neoplasms by Histone Modifications JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Recent studies have shown aberrant expression of SOX11 in various types of aggressive B-cell neoplasms. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to such deregulation, we performed a comprehensive SOX11 gene expression and epigenetic study in stem cells, normal hematopoietic cells and different lymphoid neoplasms. We observed that SOX11 expression is associated with unmethylated DNA and presence of activating histone marks (H3K9/14Ac and H3K4me3) in embryonic stem cells and some aggressive B-cell neoplasms. In contrast, adult stem cells, normal hematopoietic cells and other lymphoid neoplasms do not express SOX11. Such repression was associated with silencing histone marks H3K9me2 and H3K27me3. The SOX11 promoter of non-malignant cells was consistently unmethylated whereas lymphoid neoplasms with silenced SOX11 tended to acquire DNA hypermethylation. SOX11 silencing in cell lines was reversed by the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA but not by the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor AZA. These data indicate that, although DNA hypermethylation of SOX11 is frequent in lymphoid neoplasms, it seems to be functionally inert, as SOX11 is already silenced in the hematopoietic system. In contrast, the pathogenic role of SOX11 is associated with its de novo expression in some aggressive lymphoid malignancies, which is mediated by a shift from inactivating to activating histone modifications. KW - Mantle cell lymphoma KW - Defined burkitts lymphoma KW - Transcription-factor KW - Gene-expression KW - High-resolution KW - DNA methylation KW - Nuclear expression KW - Cancer KW - Microarray KW - Survival Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-135325 VL - 6 IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ott, Ilka A1 - Lohse, Martin J. A1 - Klotz, Karl-Norbert A1 - Vogt-Moykopf, Ingolf A1 - Schwabe, Ulrich T1 - Effects of Adenosine on Histamine Release from Human Lung Fragments JF - International Archives of Allergy and Immunology N2 - The actions of adenosine on histamine release of human lung fragments were investigated. Histamine release was stimulated either with the calcium ionophore A 23187 orwith concanavalin A. Adenosine and its analogue 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine alone had no significant effect on basal release or on the release elicited by A 23187 or concanavalin A. However, in the presence of the adenosine receptor antagonist 8-[4-[[[[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-carbonyl] methyloxy]-phenyl]-1,3-dipropylaxanthine (XAC), which itself did not affect the release, adenosine increased the stimulated histamine release. On the other hand, in the presence of the nucleoside transport inhibitor S-(p-nitrobenzyl)-6-thioninosine (NBTI), adenosine caused a reduction in stimulated histamine release. NBTI itself caused a stimulation of release. Thus, a stimulatory effect of adenosine was seen in the presence ofXAC, whereas an inhibitory effect was unmasked by NBTI. From these data it is concluded that adenosine exerts two opposing effects on histamine release in the human lung which neutralize each other: it inhibits release via a si te antagonized by XAC, which presumably represents an A2 adenosine receptor, and it stimulates release via a mechanism that is blocked by NBTI, suggesting that adenosine needs to reach the interior of cells to exert this effect. The slight stimulatory effect of NBTI alone demonstrates that trapping intracellularly formed adenosine inside mast cells leads to sufficient concentrations of adenosine to stimulate histamine release. These findings suggest an important bimodal role of adenosine in regulating histamine release in the human lung. KW - mast cells KW - adenosine KW - histamine release KW - human lung Y1 - 1982 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-127877 VL - 98 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ott, Christine A1 - Dorsch, Eva A1 - Fraunholz, Martin A1 - Straub, Sebastian A1 - Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera T1 - Detailed Analysis of the Human Mitochondrial Contact Site Complex Indicate a Hierarchy of Subunits JF - PLoS One N2 - Mitochondrial inner membrane folds into cristae, which significantly increase its surface and are important for mitochondrial function. The stability of cristae depends on the mitochondrial contact site (MICOS) complex. In human mitochondria, the inner membrane MICOS complex interacts with the outer membrane sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) complex, to form the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging complex (MIB). We have created knockdown cell lines of most of the MICOS and MIB components and have used them to study the importance of the individual subunits for the cristae formation and complex stability. We show that the most important subunits of the MIB complex in human mitochondria are Mic60/Mitofilin, Mic19/CHCHD3 and an outer membrane component Sam50. We provide additional proof that ApoO indeed is a subunit of the MICOS and MIB complexes and propose the name Mic23 for this protein. According to our results, Mic25/CHCHD6, Mic27/ApoOL and Mic23/ApoO appear to be periphery subunits of the MICOS complex, because their depletion does not affect cristae morphology or stability of other components. KW - co-immunoprecipitation KW - motor proteins KW - mitochondria KW - membrane potential KW - membrane proteins KW - protein complexes KW - mitochondrial membrane KW - outer membrane proteins Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125347 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ott, Martin T1 - Lautstärkereduzierte Magnetresonanztomographie T1 - Acoustic noise reduced MRI N2 - Messungen mit Magnetresonanztomographen sind seit jeher mit hohen Lautstärken verbunden. Deshalb wird das Gerät im Volksmund auch als „laute Röhre“ bezeichnet. Bisher wurde das Problem mit Kopfhörern, Ohrenstöpseln und akustischer Dämmung des MRT-Scanners angegangen. Auch in der Fachliteratur wird das Problem als gegeben angesehen und es werden kaum wissenschaftliche Lösungsansätze zur Lautstärkereduktion beschrieben. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Bildgebungs-Sequenzen für schwer‑optimierbare Bildkontraste und sogenannte Standard-Kontraste aus dem klinischen Umfeld hinsichtlich der Lautstärke zu optimieren. Viele dieser Kontraste können bereits mit einfachen Algorithmen wie dem Gradientenglättungsalgorithmus erfolgreich in Hinblick auf die Lautstärke optimiert werden. Allerdings existieren auch Sequenzen beziehungsweise Kontraste, die aufgrund ihrer Eigenschaften nicht von einem solchen Algorithmus profitieren können. Die Optimierungen und Änderungen sollten software-seitig erfolgen, das heißt durch Änderung der Gradientenformen und Datenakquisition. In der Arbeit wurden die grundlegenden Zusammenhänge zwischen den verwendeten Geräteparametern und der Lautstärke untersucht und zudem die physikalischen Ursachen der Lautstärkeentwicklung hergeleitet. Diese konnten anhand der Lorentz-Kräfte quantitativ beschrieben werden. Somit konnten die Hauptursachen der Lautstärkeentwicklung identifiziert werden. Diese sind abhängig von der Gradienten-Steig-Rate, aber auch von der Amplitude der Gradienten. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Minimierung dieser Gradientenparameter zu einer geringeren Lautstärkeentwicklung führt. Allerdings führt diese Minimierung in den meisten Fällen auch zu einer systematischen Verlangsamung des Sequenzablaufs, was das Erreichen bestimmter Echozeiten und Bildkontraste unmöglich macht. Zu den problematischen Kontrasten bezüglich der Lautstärkereduktion zählten der T1- und PD‑Kontrast einer Turbo-Spin-Echo-Sequenz. Durch die Kombination von mehreren Maßnahmen, wie der Adaption der k-Raum-Akquisition, der HF-Pulse-Parameter und den Gradientenformen, war es möglich, die Lautstärke in Beispielmessungen um bis zu 16,8 dB(A) zu reduzieren. Wie bei der kürzlich veröffentlichten Methode zur Reduktion für die T2‑gewichteten Kontraste, wurde dies zulasten einer Messzeitverlängerung von bis zu 50% erreicht. Die Endlautstärke betrug dabei circa 81 dB(A). Mit der Lautstärkeoptimierung der klinisch bedeutsamen T1- und PD‑Kontraste wurde die Palette an leisen, mit der Turbo-Spin-Echo‑Sequenz erzielbaren, Standard-Kontrasten (T1, T2 und PD) nun vervollständigt. In einem anderen Ansatz wurde die Anwendbarkeit des CAT-Konzepts auf die Lautstärkereduktion untersucht. Beim CAT-Konzept wird die Messung in Einzelmessungen mit verschiedenen Parametern unterteilt. Bisher wurde dieser Ansatz zur SAR-Reduktion verwendet. Das Zentrum des k-Raums wird mit einer SAR-intensiven, kontrastgebenden Messung aufgenommen. Der verbleibende Teil des k-Raums wird mit einer SAR-reduzierten, bildstrukturrelevanten Messung aufgenommen. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Übertragung des CAT-Konzepts auf die Lautstärkereduktion untersucht. Anstelle von SAR-intensiven und SAR‑reduzierten Messungen, wurde hier die Unterteilung in „laute“ und „leise“ Messungen untersucht. Dabei wurden Überlegungen angestellt, die es für eine Vielzahl an Messungen ermöglichen, einen großen Teil der Messung leise zu gestalten ohne die Bildqualität oder den Bildkontrast zu verändern. In einem weiteren Schritt wurden Überlegungen für die Lautstärkereduktion der lauten Messungen vorgestellt. Anschließend wurden für eine GRE- und TSE-Sequenz Optimierungsschritte evaluiert und die Lautstärke gemessen. Der hinsichtlich der Lautstärkeoptimierung herausforderndste Bildkontrast ist die diffusionsgewichtete Bildgebung. Diese besitzt eine Diffusions-Präparation zur Sichtbarmachung der Diffusivität, bei der die maximal mögliche Gradienten-Amplitude verwendet wird. Ebenso werden nach der Präparation die Daten mit einem EPI‑Akquisitionsmodul mit Blip-Gradienten akquiriert, das mit einem charakteristischem „Pfeifton“ einhergeht. Zum einen wurden die Gradientenformen konsequent angepasst. Zum anderen wurde eine Segmentierung der k-Raum-Akquisition in Auslese-Richtung verwendet, um die Gradienten‑Steig-Raten zu reduzieren. Auch hier konnte eine deutliche Lautstärkereduktion von bis zu 20,0 dB(A) erzielt werden. Dies wurde zulasten einer Messzeitverlängerung von 27% ‑ 34% im Vergleich zur Standard-Sequenz erreicht. Durch eine weitere Messzeitverlängerung um bis zu 23% kann die Lautstärke um weitere 0,9 dB(A) reduziert werden. Dabei hängt die genaue Messzeitverlängerung vom verwendeten GRAPPA-Faktor und der Anzahl der Auslese-Segmente ab. Die entstandene Sequenz wurde in mehreren Kliniken erfolgreich erprobt. Bisher mussten bei MRT-Messungen stets Kompromisse zwischen „hoher Auflösung“, „hohem SNR“ und „geringer Messzeit“ getroffen werden. Als Anschauung dafür wurde das „Bermuda‑Dreieck der MRT“ eingeführt. Da alle drei Größen sich gegenseitig ausschließen, muss stets ein Mittelweg gefunden werden. Einige der in dieser Arbeit erzielten Erfolge bei der Lautstärkereduktion wurden auf Kosten einer verlängerten Messzeit erreicht. Daher ist es naheliegend, das „Bermuda-Dreieck der MRT“ um die Dimension der „geringen Lautstärke“ zu einer „Bermuda-Pyramide der MRT“ zu erweitern. Damit muss die Lautstärkeentwicklung in die Mittelweg‑Findung miteinbezogen werden. Die in dieser Arbeit erzielten Lautstärken liegen in der Größenordnung zwischen 80 ‑ 85 dB(A). Somit können Messungen bei Verwendung von Gehörschutz angenehm für den Patienten durchgeführt werden. Durch neue Techniken der Zukunft wird es wahrscheinlich sein, höhere Auflösungen, höheres SNR oder kürzere Aufnahmedauern zu erzielen, beziehungsweise stattdessen diese in eine geringe Lautstärke „umzuwandeln“. Ebenso werden möglicherweise auf der hardware-technischen Seite Fortschritte erzielt werden, so dass in neueren MRT-Scannergenerationen mehr Wert auf die Lärmdämmung gelegt wird und somit der softwarebasierten Lautstärkereduktion einen Schritt entgegen gekommen wird. Damit könnten zukünftige Patienten-Messungen gänzlich ohne störenden Gehörschutz durchgeführt werden. N2 - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements have always been related to high acoustic noise. Therefore, in common parlance MRI is referred to as the “loud tube”. Until now, the acoustic noise was mitigated by the use of headphones and ear plugs as well as acoustic dampening of the MR system. In literature, the problem is more or less acknowledged and solutions to the acoustic noise are rarely provided. The aim of this work was to optimize MR sequences, which generate so-called standard clinical MRI contrasts, for acoustic noise. Many of these contrasts could be optimized for acoustic noise by a gradient smoothing algorithm. Nevertheless, there are sequences and contrasts which cannot benefit from such algorithms and therefore need manual optimization. Software-based optimizations are performed by adapting the gradient waveforms and data acquisition. In this work, the main relationships between parameter settings of the MRI machine and acoustic noise were explored. The physical origin of acoustic noise in the form of Lorentz forces was derived from fundamental equations. The main acoustic noise sources are gradient slew rate and gradient amplitude. It was shown that minimization of these quantities leads to reduced acoustic noise. However, this is mostly accompanied by slowing down the sequence and thus certain echo times and contrasts cannot be reached. T1- and PD-weighted contrasts, acquired with a turbo spin-echo sequence, are problematic contrasts regarding acoustic noise reduction. This problem was tackled by a combination of several approaches such as an adaption of the k-space acquisition, changes to the RF-pulse parameters, and modifications of the gradient waveform. An acoustic noise reduction of up to 16.8 dB(A) was achieved. As for the previously published method for acoustic noise reduction in T2-weighted contrasts, this success came at the cost of an increase of measurement time by 50%. The target acoustic noise level was around 81 dB(A). With this optimization, the palette of quiet standard clinical contrasts, consisting of T1-, T2- and PD-weighted contrasts, can be realized with the turbo spin-echo sequence. In a different approach, the Combined-Acquisition (CAT) concept was applied to acoustic noise reduction. In implementing the CAT concept, each measurement is divided into two measurements with different parameters. This approach was previously used for SAR reduction. The center of k space is acquired using a high-SAR measurement in which contrast is relevant. The remaining k-space area is acquired using a low SAR, contrast-irrelevant measurement. In this work, the CAT concept was applied to acoustic noise reduction. Each measurement was divided into ‘quiet’ and ‘loud’ segments instead of dividing into high-SAR and low-SAR measurements. Considerations allowed for acoustic noise reduction without disrupting the image quality or contrast. In successive steps, the approach was applied to the remaining loud segment of the measurement. This process was executed for a GRE and a TSE sequence. Corresponding acoustic noise measurements were performed. One of the most challenging contrasts in terms of acoustic noise reduction is diffusion weighted imaging. It employs maximum gradient amplitudes in the preparation pulses which sensitize the MR signal to diffusivity. Data acquisition is performed by an EPI readout including blipped gradients. This readout is known for its whistling sound. Therefore, the gradient waveforms were consequently adapted. A k-space segmentation in the readout direction was employed to reduce the gradient slew rates. In this work, an acoustic noise reduction of up to 20.0 dB(A) could be achieved using an adapted readout segmented EPI sequence. This reduction in acoustic noise came at the cost of an increase of measurement time by 27% to 34% compared to the standard sequence. Spending additional 23% of acquisition time can further reduce the acoustic noise by 0.9 dB(A). The exact increase in measurement time depends on the employed GRAPPA factor and the number of readout segments. The optimized sequence was successfully validated in various clinical sites. Until now, compromises had to be made between high resolution, high SNR, and short acquisition time. This compromise can be described as the “Bermuda triangle of MRI”. Trade-offs exist between all three quantities. A compromise has to be chosen in all cases. In this work, some of the achieved acoustic noise reductions came at the cost of increased measurement time. Therefore, the dimensionality of the Bermuda triangle is extended with the addition of low acoustic noise. This yields the “Bermuda triangular pyramid of MRI”. Thus, acoustic noise has to be included in achieving a balance of desired properties in MR image acquisition. In this work, the obtained acoustic noise levels were on the order of 80–85 dB(A). Upon the use of ear protection, measurements became comfortable for the patients. As further advancements in imaging technology are made, it may be likely to achieve higher resolution, higher SNR, or shorter acquisition times, which could instead be traded for lower acoustic noise levels. In addition, it is possible that MRI machine manufacturers will put more effort into hardware based acoustic noise dampening of the devices in order to meet software-based acoustic noise reduction. Therefore, patient measurements could be possible without the need for additional acoustic noise protection in the future. KW - Kernspintomografie KW - Biophysik KW - Magnetische Kernresonanz KW - Lautstärkereduktion KW - Lärm KW - Krach KW - Patientenkomfort KW - Lärmbelastung KW - Geräuschminderung Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-133921 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lohse, Martin J. A1 - Klotz, Karl-Norbert A1 - Maurer, K. A1 - Ott, I. A1 - Schwabe, Ulrich T1 - Effects of adenosine on mast cells N2 - No abstract available KW - Adenosin KW - Mastzelle Y1 - 1990 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86101 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dumont, Martine A1 - Weber-Lassalle, Nana A1 - Joly-Beauparlant, Charles A1 - Ernst, Corinna A1 - Droit, Arnaud A1 - Feng, Bing-Jian A1 - Dubois, Stéphane A1 - Collin-Deschesnes, Annie-Claude A1 - Soucy, Penny A1 - Vallée, Maxime A1 - Fournier, Frédéric A1 - Lemaçon, Audrey A1 - Adank, Muriel A. A1 - Allen, Jamie A1 - Altmüller, Janine A1 - Arnold, Norbert A1 - Ausems, Margreet G. E. M. A1 - Berutti, Riccardo A1 - Bolla, Manjeet K. A1 - Bull, Shelley A1 - Carvalho, Sara A1 - Cornelissen, Sten A1 - Dufault, Michael R. A1 - Dunning, Alison M. A1 - Engel, Christoph A1 - Gehrig, Andrea A1 - Geurts-Giele, Willemina R. R. A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Green, Jessica A1 - Hackmann, Karl A1 - Helmy, Mohamed A1 - Hentschel, Julia A1 - Hogervorst, Frans B. L. A1 - Hollestelle, Antoinette A1 - Hooning, Maartje J. A1 - Horváth, Judit A1 - Ikram, M. Arfan A1 - Kaulfuß, Silke A1 - Keeman, Renske A1 - Kuang, Da A1 - Luccarini, Craig A1 - Maier, Wolfgang A1 - Martens, John W. M. A1 - Niederacher, Dieter A1 - Nürnberg, Peter A1 - Ott, Claus-Eric A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Pharoah, Paul D. P. A1 - Ramirez, Alfredo A1 - Ramser, Juliane A1 - Riedel-Heller, Steffi A1 - Schmidt, Gunnar A1 - Shah, Mitul A1 - Scherer, Martin A1 - Stäbler, Antje A1 - Strom, Tim M. A1 - Sutter, Christian A1 - Thiele, Holger A1 - van Asperen, Christi J. A1 - van der Kolk, Lizet A1 - van der Luijt, Rob B. A1 - Volk, Alexander E. A1 - Wagner, Michael A1 - Waisfisz, Quinten A1 - Wang, Qin A1 - Wang-Gohrke, Shan A1 - Weber, Bernhard H. F. A1 - Devilee, Peter A1 - Tavtigian, Sean A1 - Bader, Gary D. A1 - Meindl, Alfons A1 - Goldgar, David E. A1 - Andrulis, Irene L. A1 - Schmutzler, Rita K. A1 - Easton, Douglas F. A1 - Schmidt, Marjanka K. A1 - Hahnen, Eric A1 - Simard, Jacques T1 - Uncovering the contribution of moderate-penetrance susceptibility genes to breast cancer by whole-exome sequencing and targeted enrichment sequencing of candidate genes in women of European ancestry JF - Cancers N2 - Rare variants in at least 10 genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2, are associated with increased risk of breast cancer; however, these variants, in combination with common variants identified through genome-wide association studies, explain only a fraction of the familial aggregation of the disease. To identify further susceptibility genes, we performed a two-stage whole-exome sequencing study. In the discovery stage, samples from 1528 breast cancer cases enriched for breast cancer susceptibility and 3733 geographically matched unaffected controls were sequenced. Using five different filtering and gene prioritization strategies, 198 genes were selected for further validation. These genes, and a panel of 32 known or suspected breast cancer susceptibility genes, were assessed in a validation set of 6211 cases and 6019 controls for their association with risk of breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor (ER) disease subtypes, using gene burden tests applied to loss-of-function and rare missense variants. Twenty genes showed nominal evidence of association (p-value < 0.05) with either overall or subtype-specific breast cancer. Our study had the statistical power to detect susceptibility genes with effect sizes similar to ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2, however, it was underpowered to identify genes in which susceptibility variants are rarer or confer smaller effect sizes. Larger sample sizes would be required in order to identify such genes. KW - breast cancer KW - genetic susceptibility KW - whole-exome sequencing KW - moderate-penetrance genes Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-281768 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 14 IS - 14 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Loeffler-Wirth, Henry A1 - Kreuz, Markus A1 - Hopp, Lydia A1 - Arakelyan, Arsen A1 - Haake, Andrea A1 - Cogliatti, Sergio B. A1 - Feller, Alfred C. A1 - Hansmann, Martin-Leo A1 - Lenze, Dido A1 - Möller, Peter A1 - Müller-Hermelink, Hans Konrad A1 - Fortenbacher, Erik A1 - Willscher, Edith A1 - Ott, German A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Pott, Christiane A1 - Schwaenen, Carsten A1 - Trautmann, Heiko A1 - Wessendorf, Swen A1 - Stein, Harald A1 - Szczepanowski, Monika A1 - Trümper, Lorenz A1 - Hummel, Michael A1 - Klapper, Wolfram A1 - Siebert, Reiner A1 - Loeffler, Markus A1 - Binder, Hans T1 - A modular transcriptome map of mature B cell lymphomas JF - Genome Medicine N2 - Background Germinal center-derived B cell lymphomas are tumors of the lymphoid tissues representing one of the most heterogeneous malignancies. Here we characterize the variety of transcriptomic phenotypes of this disease based on 873 biopsy specimens collected in the German Cancer Aid MMML (Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphoma) consortium. They include diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), Burkitt’s lymphoma, mixed FL/DLBCL lymphomas, primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, IRF4-rearranged large cell lymphoma, MYC-negative Burkitt-like lymphoma with chr. 11q aberration and mantle cell lymphoma. Methods We apply self-organizing map (SOM) machine learning to microarray-derived expression data to generate a holistic view on the transcriptome landscape of lymphomas, to describe the multidimensional nature of gene regulation and to pursue a modular view on co-expression. Expression data were complemented by pathological, genetic and clinical characteristics. Results We present a transcriptome map of B cell lymphomas that allows visual comparison between the SOM portraits of different lymphoma strata and individual cases. It decomposes into one dozen modules of co-expressed genes related to different functional categories, to genetic defects and to the pathogenesis of lymphomas. On a molecular level, this disease rather forms a continuum of expression states than clearly separated phenotypes. We introduced the concept of combinatorial pattern types (PATs) that stratifies the lymphomas into nine PAT groups and, on a coarser level, into five prominent cancer hallmark types with proliferation, inflammation and stroma signatures. Inflammation signatures in combination with healthy B cell and tonsil characteristics associate with better overall survival rates, while proliferation in combination with inflammation and plasma cell characteristics worsens it. A phenotypic similarity tree is presented that reveals possible progression paths along the transcriptional dimensions. Our analysis provided a novel look on the transition range between FL and DLBCL, on DLBCL with poor prognosis showing expression patterns resembling that of Burkitt’s lymphoma and particularly on ‘double-hit’ MYC and BCL2 transformed lymphomas. Conclusions The transcriptome map provides a tool that aggregates, refines and visualizes the data collected in the MMML study and interprets them in the light of previous knowledge to provide orientation and support in current and future studies on lymphomas and on other cancer entities. KW - tumor heterogeneity KW - B cell malignancies KW - gene regulation KW - molecular subtypes KW - machine learning Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-237262 VL - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Sylvia A1 - Plütschow, Annette A1 - Mottok, Anja A1 - Bernd, Heinz‐Wolfram A1 - Feller, Alfred C. A1 - Ott, German A1 - Cogliatti, Sergio A1 - Fend, Falko A1 - Quintanilla‐Martinez, Leticia A1 - Stein, Harald A1 - Klapper, Wolfram A1 - Möller, Peter A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Engert, Andreas A1 - Hansmann, Martin‐Leo A1 - Eichenauer, Dennis A. T1 - The time to relapse correlates with the histopathological growth pattern in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma JF - American Journal of Hematology N2 - Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) can present with different histopathological growth patterns. The impact of these histopathological growth patterns on relapse characteristics is unknown. We therefore analyzed paired biopsies obtained at initial diagnosis and relapse from 33 NLPHL patients who had received first‐line treatment within German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) trial protocols, and from a second cohort of 41 relapsed NLPHL patients who had been treated outside GHSG studies. Among the 33 GHSG patients, 21 patients presented with a typical growth pattern at initial diagnosis, whereas 12 patients had a variant histology. The histopathological growth patterns at initial diagnosis and at relapse were consistent in 67% of cases. A variant histology at initial diagnosis was associated with a shorter median time to lymphoma recurrence (2.8 vs 5.2 years; P = .0219). A similar tendency towards a shorter median time to lymphoma recurrence was observed for patients presenting with a variant histology at relapse, irrespective of the growth pattern at initial diagnosis. Results obtained from the 41 NLPHL patients who had been treated outside GHSG studies were comparable (median time to lymphoma recurrence for variant histology vs typical growth pattern at initial diagnosis: 1.5 vs 7.0 years). In conclusion, the histopathological growth pattern remains consistent at relapse in the majority of NLPHL cases, and has major impact on the time of relapse. KW - Hodgkin lymphoma KW - relapse KW - growth patterns Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-212594 VL - 94 IS - 11 SP - 1208 EP - 1213 ER -