TY - JOUR A1 - Burns, Alan J. A1 - Goldstein, Allan M. A1 - Newgreen, Donald F. A1 - Stamp, Lincon A1 - Schäfer, Karl-Herbert A1 - Metzger, Marco A1 - Hotta, Ryo A1 - Young, Heather M. A1 - Andrews, Peter W. A1 - Thapar, Nikhil A1 - Belkind-Gerson, Jaime A1 - Bondurand, Nadege A1 - Bornstein, Joel C. A1 - Chan, Wood Yee A1 - Cheah, Kathryn A1 - Gershon, Michael D. A1 - Heuckeroth, Robert O. A1 - Hofstra, Robert M.W. A1 - Just, Lothar A1 - Kapur, Raj P. A1 - King, Sebastian K. A1 - McCann, Conor J. A1 - Nagy, Nandor A1 - Ngan, Elly A1 - Obermayr, Florian A1 - Pachnis, Vassilis A1 - Pasricha, Pankaj J. A1 - Sham, Mai Har A1 - Tam, Paul A1 - Vanden Berghe, Pieter T1 - White paper on guidelines concerning enteric nervous system stem cell therapy for enteric neuropathies JF - Developmental Biology N2 - Over the last 20 years, there has been increasing focus on the development of novel stem cell based therapies for the treatment of disorders and diseases affecting the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the gastrointestinal tract (so-called enteric neuropathies). Here, the idea is that ENS progenitor/stem cells could be transplanted into the gut wall to replace the damaged or absent neurons and glia of the ENS. This White Paper sets out experts' views on the commonly used methods and approaches to identify, isolate, purify, expand and optimize ENS stem cells, transplant them into the bowel, and assess transplant success, including restoration of gut function. We also highlight obstacles that must be overcome in order to progress from successful preclinical studies in animal models to ENS stem cell therapies in the clinic. KW - Neural crest cells KW - Rat mynteric plexus KW - Intestinal pseudoobstruction KW - Hypertrophic pyloric-stenosis KW - Hirschsprung disease liability KW - Slow-transit constipation KW - Oxide synthase gene KW - Term follow-up KW - Nitric-oxide KW - In-vivo KW - Enteric nervous system KW - Enteric neuropathies KW - Stem cells KW - Cell replacement therapy KW - Hirschsprung disease Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-187415 VL - 417 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilson, Duncan A1 - Ambler, Gareth A1 - Lee, Keon-Joo A1 - Lim, Jae-Sung A1 - Shiozawa, Masayuki A1 - Koga, Masatoshi A1 - Li, Linxin A1 - Lovelock, Caroline A1 - Chabriat, Hugues A1 - Hennerici, Michael A1 - Wong, Yuen Kwun A1 - Mak, Henry Ka Fung A1 - Prats-Sánchez, Luis A1 - Martínez-Domeño, Alejandro A1 - Inamura, Shigeru A1 - Yoshifuji, Kazuhisa A1 - Arsava, Ethem Murat A1 - Horstmann, Solveig A1 - Purrucker, Jan A1 - Lam, Bonnie Yin Ka A1 - Wong, Adrian A1 - Kim, Young Dae A1 - Song, Tae-Jin A1 - Schrooten, Maarten A1 - Lemmens, Robin A1 - Eppinger, Sebastian A1 - Gattringer, Thomas A1 - Uysal, Ender A1 - Tanriverdi, Zeynep A1 - Bornstein, Natan M A1 - Ben Assayag, Einor A1 - Hallevi, Hen A1 - Tanaka, Jun A1 - Hara, Hideo A1 - Coutts, Shelagh B A1 - Hert, Lisa A1 - Polymeris, Alexandros A1 - Seiffge, David J A1 - Lyrer, Philippe A1 - Algra, Ale A1 - Kappelle, Jaap A1 - Salman, Rustam Al-Shahi A1 - Jäger, Hans R A1 - Lip, Gregory Y H A1 - Mattle, Heinrich P A1 - Panos, Leonidas D A1 - Mas, Jean-Louis A1 - Legrand, Laurence A1 - Karayiannis, Christopher A1 - Phan, Thanh A1 - Gunkel, Sarah A1 - Christ, Nicolas A1 - Abrigo, Jill A1 - Leung, Thomas A1 - Chu, Winnie A1 - Chappell, Francesca A1 - Makin, Stephen A1 - Hayden, Derek A1 - Williams, David J A1 - Kooi, M Eline A1 - van Dam-Nolen, Dianne H K A1 - Barbato, Carmen A1 - Browning, Simone A1 - Wiegertjes, Kim A1 - Tuladhar, Anil M A1 - Maaijwee, Noortje A1 - Guevarra, Christine A1 - Yatawara, Chathuri A1 - Mendyk, Anne-Marie A1 - Delmaire, Christine A1 - Köhler, Sebastian A1 - van Oostenbrugge, Robert A1 - Zhou, Ying A1 - Xu, Chao A1 - Hilal, Saima A1 - Gyanwali, Bibek A1 - Chen, Christopher A1 - Lou, Min A1 - Staals, Julie A1 - Bordet, Régis A1 - Kandiah, Nagaendran A1 - de Leeuw, Frank-Erik A1 - Simister, Robert A1 - van der Lugt, Aad A1 - Kelly, Peter J A1 - Wardlaw, Joanna M A1 - Soo, Yannie A1 - Fluri, Felix A1 - Srikanth, Velandai A1 - Calvet, David A1 - Jung, Simon A1 - Kwa, Vincent I H A1 - Engelter, Stefan T A1 - Peters, Nils A1 - Smith, Eric E A1 - Yakushiji, Yusuke A1 - Necioglu Orken, Dilek A1 - Fazekas, Franz A1 - Thijs, Vincent A1 - Heo, Ji Hoe A1 - Mok, Vincent A1 - Veltkamp, Roland A1 - Ay, Hakan A1 - Imaizumi, Toshio A1 - Gomez-Anson, Beatriz A1 - Lau, Kui Kai A1 - Jouvent, Eric A1 - Rothwell, Peter M A1 - Toyoda, Kazunori A1 - Bae, Hee-Yoon A1 - Marti-Fabregas, Joan A1 - Werring, David J T1 - Cerebral microbleeds and stroke risk after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack: a pooled analysis of individual patient data from cohort studies JF - The Lancet Neurology N2 - Background Cerebral microbleeds are a neuroimaging biomarker of stroke risk. A crucial clinical question is whether cerebral microbleeds indicate patients with recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in whom the rate of future intracranial haemorrhage is likely to exceed that of recurrent ischaemic stroke when treated with antithrombotic drugs. We therefore aimed to establish whether a large burden of cerebral microbleeds or particular anatomical patterns of cerebral microbleeds can identify ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack patients at higher absolute risk of intracranial haemorrhage than ischaemic stroke. Methods We did a pooled analysis of individual patient data from cohort studies in adults with recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Cohorts were eligible for inclusion if they prospectively recruited adult participants with ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack; included at least 50 participants; collected data on stroke events over at least 3 months follow-up; used an appropriate MRI sequence that is sensitive to magnetic susceptibility; and documented the number and anatomical distribution of cerebral microbleeds reliably using consensus criteria and validated scales. Our prespecified primary outcomes were a composite of any symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage or ischaemic stroke, symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage, and symptomatic ischaemic stroke. We registered this study with the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews, number CRD42016036602. Findings Between Jan 1, 1996, and Dec 1, 2018, we identified 344 studies. After exclusions for ineligibility or declined requests for inclusion, 20 322 patients from 38 cohorts (over 35 225 patient-years of follow-up; median 1·34 years [IQR 0·19–2·44]) were included in our analyses. The adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] comparing patients with cerebral microbleeds to those without was 1·35 (95% CI 1·20–1·50) for the composite outcome of intracranial haemorrhage and ischaemic stroke; 2·45 (1·82–3·29) for intracranial haemorrhage and 1·23 (1·08–1·40) for ischaemic stroke. The aHR increased with increasing cerebral microbleed burden for intracranial haemorrhage but this effect was less marked for ischaemic stroke (for five or more cerebral microbleeds, aHR 4·55 [95% CI 3·08–6·72] for intracranial haemorrhage vs 1·47 [1·19–1·80] for ischaemic stroke; for ten or more cerebral microbleeds, aHR 5·52 [3·36–9·05] vs 1·43 [1·07–1·91]; and for ≥20 cerebral microbleeds, aHR 8·61 [4·69–15·81] vs 1·86 [1·23–2·82]). However, irrespective of cerebral microbleed anatomical distribution or burden, the rate of ischaemic stroke exceeded that of intracranial haemorrhage (for ten or more cerebral microbleeds, 64 ischaemic strokes [95% CI 48–84] per 1000 patient-years vs 27 intracranial haemorrhages [17–41] per 1000 patient-years; and for ≥20 cerebral microbleeds, 73 ischaemic strokes [46–108] per 1000 patient-years vs 39 intracranial haemorrhages [21–67] per 1000 patient-years). Interpretation In patients with recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack, cerebral microbleeds are associated with a greater relative hazard (aHR) for subsequent intracranial haemorrhage than for ischaemic stroke, but the absolute risk of ischaemic stroke is higher than that of intracranial haemorrhage, regardless of cerebral microbleed presence, antomical distribution, or burden. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233710 VL - 18 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reichardt, Elisabeth A1 - Krug, Ralf A1 - Bornstein, Michael M. A1 - Tomasch, Jürgen A1 - Verna, Carlalberta A1 - Krastl, Gabriel T1 - Orthodontic forced eruption of permanent anterior teeth with subgingival fractures: a systematic review JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - (1) Background: To assess orthodontic forced eruption (OFE) as a pre-restorative procedure for non-restorable permanent teeth with subgingival dental hard tissue defects after dental trauma. (2) Methods: A systematic electronic search of three databases, namely, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, revealed a total of 2757 eligible publications. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT), retro- and prospective clinical studies, or case series (with a minimum of three patients) were reviewed. (3) Results: Thirteen full-text papers were included: one RCT, one prospective clinical trial, two retrospective cohort studies, and nine case series. Within case series, statistical significance between age and cause of fracture (p < 0.03) was determined. The mean extrusion rate of OFE was 1.5 mm a week within a four to six weeks treatment period followed by retention. Three OFE protocols for maxillary single teeth are available: 1. OFE without migration of gingiva and alveolar bone, 2. OFE with gingival migration and slight alveolar bone migration, and 3. OFE with migration of both gingiva and alveolar bone. (4) Conclusions: The current state of the evidence suggests that OFE is a feasible pre-treatment option for non-restorable permanent teeth. OFE can promote the migration of tooth surrounding hard and soft tissues in the esthetic zone. Root resorption does not seem to be a relevant side effect of OFE. KW - orthodontic forced eruption KW - crown-root fracture KW - subgingival defects KW - dental hard tissue defects KW - dental trauma KW - root resorption Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250192 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 18 IS - 23 ER -