TY  - JOUR
A1  - Imhoff, Johannes F.
A1  - Rahn, Tanja
A1  - Künzel, Sven
A1  - Keller, Alexander
A1  - Neulinger, Sven C.
T1  - Osmotic adaptation and compatible solute biosynthesis of phototrophic bacteria as revealed from genome analyses
JF  - Microorganisms
N2  - Osmotic adaptation and accumulation of compatible solutes is a key process for life at high osmotic pressure and elevated salt concentrations. Most important solutes that can protect cell structures and metabolic processes at high salt concentrations are glycine betaine and ectoine. The genome analysis of more than 130 phototrophic bacteria shows that biosynthesis of glycine betaine is common among marine and halophilic phototrophic Proteobacteria and their chemotrophic relatives, as well as in representatives of Pirellulaceae and Actinobacteria, but are also found in halophilic Cyanobacteria and Chloroherpeton thalassium. This ability correlates well with the successful toleration of extreme salt concentrations. Freshwater bacteria in general lack the possibilities to synthesize and often also to take up these compounds. The biosynthesis of ectoine is found in the phylogenetic lines of phototrophic Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, most prominent in the Halorhodospira species and a number of Rhodobacteraceae. It is also common among Streptomycetes and Bacilli. The phylogeny of glycine-sarcosine methyltransferase (GMT) and diaminobutyrate-pyruvate aminotransferase (EctB) sequences correlate well with otherwise established phylogenetic groups. Most significantly, GMT sequences of cyanobacteria form two major phylogenetic branches and the branch of Halorhodospira species is distinct from all other Ectothiorhodospiraceae. A variety of transport systems for osmolytes are present in the studied bacteria.
KW  - genomes of photosynthetic bacteria
KW  - glycine betaine biosynthesis
KW  - ectoine biosynthesis
KW  - osmotic adaptation
KW  - phylogeny of osmolyte biosynthesis
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-220161
SN  - 2076-2607
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -