TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Introduction: The early prediction of reading and spelling N2 - No abstract available. KW - Prognose KW - Schreiben KW - Lesen Y1 - 1993 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87418 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weinert, Franz E. A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Cognitive, social and emotional development N2 - No abstract available. KW - Identitätsentwicklung KW - Längsschnittuntersuchung KW - Persönlichkeitsentwicklung Y1 - 1993 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87448 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang A1 - Bös, Klaus A1 - Rieder, H. T1 - Leistungsprognose bei jugendlichen Spitzensportlern N2 - Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Versuch gemacht, neuere Befunde der kognitiven Psychologie, insbesondere der Expertiseforschung, zur Entwicklung außergewöhnlicher Fertigkeiten und Kenntnisse auf den Bereich des Sports zu übertragen und damit deren Generalisierungsmöglichkeiten zu prüfen. In einem ersten Schritt werden dabei die Grundannahmen der traditionellen fähigkeitsorientierten Leistungsprognose mit denen der neueren Expertiseforschung verglichen und im Hinblick auf ihre empirische Bewährung untersucht. Der zweite Schritt besteht darin, daß mögliche Parallelen zwischen der Entwicklung kognitiver und sportlicher Expertise aufgezeigt und an Fallbeispielen demonstriert werden. Dies leitet zum Schwerpunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags über, der in einer Reanalyse von Daten besteht, die im Rahmen einer fünfjährigen Längsschnittstudie an jugendlichen deutschen Tennistalenten gewonnen wurden (vgl. Rieder, Krahl, Sommer, Weicker & Weiss, 1983). Da in dieser Untersuchung sowohl Daten zur Entwicklung allgemeiner motorischer Basisfähigkeiten wie auch zur Entwicklung sportartspezifischer Fertigkeiten erhoben worden waren, ließ sich die Bedeutsamkeit dieser beiden Komponenten für den sportlichen Erfolg relativ genau bestimmen. Weiterhin waren Informationen zu Hintergrundmerkmalen wie z.B. der elterlichen Unterstützung, der Trainingsintensität sowie Merkmalen der Motivation und Konzentration verfügbar, von denen anzunehmen war, daß sie zusätzlich dazu geeignet sein sollten, individuelle Unterschiede in den beobachteten Entwicklungsverläufen zu erklären. KW - Aufmerksamkeit KW - Leistung KW - Sportpsychologie KW - Kongress KW - Ringberg KW - Kognitive Psychologie KW - Aufsatzsammlung KW - Leistungssport KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1993 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50556 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Näslung, J. C. A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Emerging literacy from kindergarten to second grade: Evidence from the Munich Longitudinal Study on the Genesis of Individual Competencies N2 - No abstract available KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1993 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50513 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rabinowitz, Mitchell A1 - Ornstein, Peter A. A1 - Folds-Bennett, Trisha H. A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Age-related differences in speed of processing: Unconfounding age and experience N2 - No abstract available KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62223 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bjorklund, David F. A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang A1 - Cassel, William S. A1 - Ashley, Elizabeth T1 - Training and Extension of a Memory Strategy: Evidence for Utilization Deficiencies in the Acquisition of an Organizational Strategy in High- and Low-IQ Children N2 - 143 9- and 10-year-oId children were classified into high- and Jow-IQ groups and given 4 different sort/recall lists (baseline, training, near [immediate] extension, far [l-week] extension) to assess training and extension of an organizational memory strategy. All children received categorized items of moderate typicality for Phases 1, 3, and 4. For Phase 2, children were assigned to either a training or control group, with half of the children in each group receiving category typical items and the others category atypical items. Levels of recall, sorting, and clustering were greater in Phase 2 for high-IQ children, for the typical lists, and for trained children. Both the high- and low-IQ children trained with typical items continued to show high levels of recall on the near extension phase. No group of subjects maintained high levels of recall after 1 week, although levels of sorting and/or clustering on the extension trials remained high for all groups of subjects except the low-IQ control children. This latter pattern (elevated sorting/clustering with low levels of recall) is an indication of a utilization deficiency, a phase in strategy development when children use a strategy but gain little or no benefit n performance. The results provide evidence for IQ, training, and material effects in the demonstration of a utilization deficiency. KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62234 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kurtz-Costes, Beth E. A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Self-concept, attributional beliefs, and school achievement: A longitudinal analysis N2 - No abstract available KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62245 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Methodische Ansätze der empirischen Erziehungs- und Sozialisationsforschung N2 - No abstract available. KW - Methode KW - Sozialisation KW - Pädagogik KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87454 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Der Übergang in weiterführende Schulen nach dem 4. oder 6. Grundschuljahr? Theoretische Analysen und empirische Befunde zur Prognose des Schulerfolgs N2 - No abstract available. KW - Grundschule KW - Schulübergang KW - Zeitpunkt Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87465 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Memory development N2 - No abstract available. KW - Pädagogik Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-69331 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Lese-Rechtschreib-Forschung heute: Einführung T1 - Reading and writing research today: lntroduction N2 - Es wird eine Kurzübersicht über relevante Strömungen der Lese-Recht chreib-Forschung gegeben. Nachdem die sog. Legasthenieforschung aufgrund konzeptueller und methodologischer Probleme in die Kritik geraten war, treten gegenwärtig eher theorieorientierte An ätze in den Vordergrund. euere Modelle zum Schriftspracherwerb haben zahlreiche Längsschnittstudien stimuliert, die die Relevanz metalinguistischer Fähigkeiten für den päteren Schriftspracherwerb dokumentieren. N2 - This article presents a short overview of current trend in research on reading and pelling. First, specific conceptual and methodological shortcomings of research on dyslexia are briefly discussed. Next, current developmental model of reading and spelling are introduced. Finally, the importance of longitudinal tudie influenced by those models and focusing on the rote of metalinguistic abilities in the acquisition of reading and spelling skills is highlighted. KW - Leseforschung KW - Schreiben KW - Forschung Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87489 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wimmer, Heinz A1 - Landerl, Karin A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - The role of rhyme awareness in learning to read a regular orthography N2 - The present research examined whether children's awareness of phonological similarities between words with respect to rhyme and consonantal word onset is of the same importance for learning to read German as it was found to be for learning to read English. In two longitudinal studies differences in phonological sensitivity among children before learning to read (at age 6 to 7) were tested with versions of Bradley & Bryant's (1985) oddity detection task. Children's reading and spelling achievements were tested about one year later at the end of grade one, and again at around the age of 10. The main finding was a developmental change in the predictive relationship of rhyme and word-onset awareness. Rhyme awareness was only minimally predictive for reading and spelling achievement at the end of grade one, but gained substantially in predictive importance for reading and spelling achievement in grades three and four. No such predictive improvement was observed for word-onset awareness. It is proposed that rhyme awareness is initially of little importance, because in the first phase of learning to read German children rely heavily on indirect word recognition via grapheme--phoneme translation and blending. The gain in the predictive importance of rhyme awareness is explained by its helpful effect on the establishment of mental representations of written words. Such mental representations allow fast, direct word recognition and orthographically correct spellings. A wareness of larger phonological units is helpful for the efficient establishment of such representations, by allowing connections of recurring grapheme clusters in written words with phonology. KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50508 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Methodologische Probleme bei der längsschnittlichen Analyse motorischer Entwicklungsverläufe N2 - No abstract available KW - Motorische Entwicklung Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50429 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Geschlechtsunterschiede beim Schriftspracherwerb: Befunde aus den Münchner Längsschnittstudien LOGIK und SCHOLASTIK N2 - No abstract available KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50566 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gruber, Hans A1 - Renkl, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang T1 - Expertise und Gedächtnisentwicklung: Längsschnittliche Befunde aus der Domäne Schach N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit ging zwei Hauptfragestellungen nach: (I) Inwiefern unterscheiden sich Experten in der Domäne Schach von Aussteigern aus der Expertisekarriere? (2) Wie verändern sich schachspezifische und generelle Gedächtnisparameter über einen Zeitraum von mehreren Jahren? Es wurden 27 Experten und Novizen mit einem durchschnittlichen Alter von knapp 12 Jahren zum ersten Meßzeitpunkt und von 16 Jahren zum zweiten Meßzeitpunkt untersucht. Die Aussteiger aus der Expertisekarriere zeigten bereits bei der Erstmessung schlechtere schachspezifische Gedächtnisleistungen als die übrigen Experten; die Annahme selektiver Aussteiger, die die Aussagekraft querschnittlicher Experten-Novizen-Vergleiche in Frage stellt, wird damit bestätigt. Sowohl für die Experten als auch für die Novizen zeigte sich ein Anstieg der schachspezifischen Gedächtnisleistung von der Erst- zur Zweitmessung. Während dafür bei Experten domänenspezifische Faktoren verantwortlich sein dürften, scheint dies bei Novizen auf die Entwicklung allgemeiner Gedächtnisparameter zurückzugehen. KW - Expertise KW - Gedächtnis KW - Schach Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87473 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang A1 - Visé, Mechthild A1 - Reimers, Petra A1 - Blaesser, Barbara T1 - Auswirkungen eines Trainings der sprachlichen Bewußtheit auf den Schriftspracherwerb in der Schule T1 - Effects of a phonological awareness training on the acquisition of literacy N2 - Mit der vorliegenden Trainingsstudie wird der Versuch unternommen, Ergebni e eines Förderprograrnms zur sprachlichen Bewußtheit (Lundberg, Frost & Petersen 1988) im deutschsprachigen Raum zu validieren. An unserer Replikationsstudie nahmen insgesamt 371 Kinder teil, von denen 205 Kinder einer Trainingsgruppe und 166 Kinder einer Kontrollgruppe zugewiesen wurden. Das Förderprograrnm bestand aus Sprachspielen, die über einen Zeitraum von zirka 6 Monaten täglich 15 Minuten in den Kindergartengruppen durchgeführt wurden. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt keine spezielle Förderung, sondern nahm am regulären Kindergartenprogramm teil. Indikatoren der sprachlichen Bewußtheit und weitere metalinguistische und kognitive Variablen wurden unmittelbar vor und nach der Förderung erhoben. Zu Beginn des ersten Schuljahres wurde ein metalinguistischer Transfertest, gegen Ende dann ein Rechtschreibtest durchgeführt. Die Befunde replizieren die Ergebnisse der dänischen Ausgangsstudie insofern, als kurz- und langfristige Trainingseffekte gesichert werden konnten. Sie verdeutlichen jedoch zusätzlich, daß die Qualität der Förderung für die Langzeitwirkung entscheidend war. N2 - A training study based on the design of Lundberg, Frost & Petersen (1988) was conducted to improve German Kindergarteners' phonological awareness. A total of 371 Kindergarteners participated in the study. The training group (N = 205) participated in a metalinguistic program that lasted for about six months ( 15 minutes per day). The control group did not receive any specific training but participated in the regularkindergartenpro gram. Indicators of phonological awareness and other metalinguistic and cognitive variables were assessed both before and after the training. Further, a metalinguistic transfer test and a spelling test were given at the beginning and the end of first grade, respectively. The results confirmed those of the Danish study in that short- and long-term training effects were obtained. They also illustrate, however, that the quality of training had a significant effect on long-term maintenance. KW - phonologische Bewusstheit KW - Übung KW - Sprache KW - Lernen Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87491 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang A1 - Hasselhorn, Marcus T1 - Situational context features and memory development : insights from replications of Istomina's experiment N2 - No abstract available KW - Psychologie Y1 - 1994 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50397 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schick, Martin A. A1 - Baar, Wolfgang A1 - Flemming, Sven A1 - Schlegel, Nicolas A1 - Wollborn, Jakob A1 - Held, Christopher A1 - Schneider, Reinhard A1 - Brock, Robert W. A1 - Roewer, Norbert A1 - Wunder, Christian T1 - Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by standardized colon ascendens stent peritonitis in rats - a simple, reproducible animal model JF - Intensive Care Medicine Experimental N2 - Background Up to 50% of septic patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI). The pathomechanism of septic AKI is poorly understood. Therefore, we established an innovative rodent model to characterize sepsis-induced AKI by standardized colon ascendens stent peritonitis (sCASP). The model has a standardized focus of infection, an intensive care set up with monitoring of haemodynamics and oxygenation resulting in predictable impairment of renal function, AKI parameters as well as histopathology scoring. Methods Anaesthetized rats underwent the sCASP procedure, whereas sham animals were sham operated and control animals were just monitored invasively. Haemodynamic variables and blood gases were continuously measured. After 24 h, animals were reanesthetized; cardiac output (CO), inulin and PAH clearances were measured and later on kidneys were harvested; and creatinine, urea, cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were analysed. Additional sCASP-treated animals were investigated after 3 and 9 days. Results All sCASP-treated animals survived, whilst ubiquitous peritonitis and significantly deteriorated clinical and macrohaemodynamic sepsis signs after 24 h (MAP, CO, heart rate) were obvious. Blood analyses showed increased lactate and IL-6 levels as well as leucopenia. Urine output, inulin and PAH clearance were significantly decreased in sCASP compared to sham and control. Additionally, significant increase in cystatin C and NGAL was detected. Standard parameters like serum creatinine and urea were elevated and sCASP-induced sepsis increased significantly in a time-dependent manner. The renal histopathological score of sCASP-treated animals deteriorated after 3 and 9 days. Conclusions The presented sCASP method is a standardized, reliable and reproducible method to induce septic AKI. The intensive care set up, continuous macrohaemodynamic and gas exchange monitoring, low mortality rate as well as the opportunity of detailed analyses of kidney function and impairments are advantages of this setup. Thus, our described method may serve as a new standard for experimental investigations of septic AKI. KW - CASP KW - animal model KW - acute kidney injury KW - sepsis Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-126111 VL - 2 IS - 34 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schick, Martin Alexander A1 - Baar, Wolfgang A1 - Bruno, Raphael Romano A1 - Wollborn, Jakob A1 - Held, Christopher A1 - Schneider, Reinhard A1 - Flemming, Sven A1 - Schlegel, Nicolas A1 - Roewer, Norbert A1 - Neuhaus, Winfried A1 - Wunder, Christian T1 - Balanced hydroxyethylstarch (HES 130/0.4) impairs kidney function in-vivo without inflammation JF - PLoS One N2 - Volume therapy is a standard procedure in daily perioperative care, and there is an ongoing discussion about the benefits of colloid resuscitation with hydroxyethylstarch (HES). In sepsis HES should be avoided due to a higher risk for acute kidney injury (AKI). Results of the usage of HES in patients without sepsis are controversial. Therefore we conducted an animal study to evaluate the impact of 6% HES 130/0.4 on kidney integrity with sepsis or under healthy conditions Sepsis was induced by standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis (sCASP). sCASP-group as well as control group (C) remained untreated for 24 h. After 18 h sCASP+HES group (sCASP+VOL) and control+HES (C+VOL) received 50 ml/KG balanced 6% HES (VOL) 130/0.4 over 6h. After 24h kidney function was measured via Inulin- and PAH-Clearance in re-anesthetized rats, and serum urea, creatinine (crea), cystatin C and Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as well as histopathology were analysed. In vitro human proximal tubule cells (PTC) were cultured +/- lipopolysaccharid (LPS) and with 0.1–4.0% VOL. Cell viability was measured with XTT-, cell toxicity with LDH-test. sCASP induced severe septic AKI demonstrated divergent results regarding renal function by clearance or creatinine measure focusing on VOL. Soleley HES (C+VOL) deteriorated renal function without sCASP. Histopathology revealed significantly derangements in all HES groups compared to control. In vitro LPS did not worsen the HES induced reduction of cell viability in PTC cells. For the first time, we demonstrated, that application of 50 ml/KG 6% HES 130/0.4 over 6 hours induced AKI without inflammation in vivo. Severity of sCASP induced septic AKI might be no longer susceptible to the way of volume expansion KW - colloids KW - kidneys KW - histopathology KW - blood KW - creatinine KW - sepsis KW - urine KW - inflammation Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-126068 VL - 10 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marenholz, Ingo A1 - Esparza-Gordillo, Jorge A1 - Rüschendorf, Franz A1 - Bauerfeind, Anja A1 - Strachan, David P. A1 - Spycher, Ben D. A1 - Baurecht, Hansjörg A1 - Magaritte-Jeannin, Patricia A1 - Sääf, Annika A1 - Kerkhof, Marjan A1 - Ege, Markus A1 - Baltic, Svetlana A1 - Matheson, Melanie C. A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Ang, Wei Q. A1 - McArdle, Wendy A1 - Arnold, Andreas A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Demenais, Florence A1 - Bouzigon, Emmanuelle A1 - Söderhäll, Cilla A1 - Pershagen, Göran A1 - de Jongste, Johan C. A1 - Postma, Dirkje S. A1 - Braun-Fahrländer, Charlotte A1 - Horak, Elisabeth A1 - Ogorodova, Ludmila M. A1 - Puzyrev, Valery P. A1 - Bragina, Elena Yu A1 - Hudson, Thomas J. A1 - Morin, Charles A1 - Duffy, David L. A1 - Marks, Guy B. A1 - Robertson, Colin F. A1 - Montgomery, Grant W. A1 - Musk, Bill A1 - Thompson, Philip J. A1 - Martin, Nicholas G. A1 - James, Alan A1 - Sleiman, Patrick A1 - Toskala, Elina A1 - Rodriguez, Elke A1 - Fölster-Holst, Regina A1 - Franke, Andre A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Heinzmann, Andrea A1 - Rietschel, Ernst A1 - Keil, Thomas A1 - Cichon, Sven A1 - Nöthen, Markus M. A1 - Pennel, Craig E. A1 - Sly, Peter D. A1 - Schmidt, Carsten O. A1 - Matanovic, Anja A1 - Schneider, Valentin A1 - Heinig, Matthias A1 - Hübner, Norbert A1 - Holt, Patrick G. A1 - Lau, Susanne A1 - Kabesch, Michael A1 - Weidinger, Stefan A1 - Hakonarson, Hakon A1 - Ferreira, Manuel A. R. A1 - Laprise, Catherine A1 - Freidin, Maxim B. A1 - Genuneit, Jon A1 - Koppelman, Gerard H. A1 - Melén, Erik A1 - Dizier, Marie-Hélène A1 - Henderson, A. John A1 - Lee, Young Ae T1 - Meta-analysis identifies seven susceptibility loci involved in the atopic march JF - Nature Communications N2 - Eczema often precedes the development of asthma in a disease course called the 'atopic march'. To unravel the genes underlying this characteristic pattern of allergic disease, we conduct a multi-stage genome-wide association study on infantile eczema followed by childhood asthma in 12 populations including 2,428 cases and 17,034 controls. Here we report two novel loci specific for the combined eczema plus asthma phenotype, which are associated with allergic disease for the first time; rs9357733 located in EFHC1 on chromosome 6p12.3 (OR 1.27; P = 2.1 x 10(-8)) and rs993226 between TMTC2 and SLC6A15 on chromosome 12q21.3 (OR 1.58; P = 5.3 x 10(-9)). Additional susceptibility loci identified at genome-wide significance are FLG (1q21.3), IL4/KIF3A (5q31.1), AP5B1/OVOL1 (11q13.1), C11orf30/LRRC32 (11q13.5) and IKZF3 (17q21). We show that predominantly eczema loci increase the risk for the atopic march. Our findings suggest that eczema may play an important role in the development of asthma after eczema. KW - chromosome 11Q13 KW - risk KW - genomewide association KW - hay fever KW - birth cohort KW - filaggrin mutations KW - food allergy KW - juvenile myoclonic epilepsy KW - childhood asthma KW - dermatitis Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139835 VL - 6 IS - 8804 ER -