TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, De-Wei A1 - Yu, Mang A1 - Hu, Kai A1 - Wang, Wei A1 - Yang, Lei A1 - Wang, Ben-Jie A1 - Gao, Xiao-Hong A1 - Guo, Yong-Ming A1 - Xu, Yong-Qing A1 - Wei, Yu-Shan A1 - Tian, Si-Miao A1 - Yang, Fan A1 - Wang, Nan A1 - Huang, Shi-Bo A1 - Xie, Hui A1 - Wei, Xiao-Wei A1 - Jiang, Hai-Shen A1 - Zang, Yu-Qiang A1 - Ai, Jun A1 - Chen, Yuan-Liang A1 - Lei, Guang-Hua A1 - Li, Yu-Jin A1 - Tian, Geng A1 - Li, Zong-Sheng A1 - Cao, Yong A1 - Ma, Li T1 - Prevalence of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and its Associated Risk Factors in the Chinese Population: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey JF - Chinese Medical Journal N2 - Background: Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) is a debilitating disease that represents a significant financial burden for both individuals and healthcare systems. Despite its significance, however, its prevalence in the Chinese general population remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NONFH and its associated risk factors in the Chinese population. Methods: A nationally representative survey of 30,030 respondents was undertaken from June 2012 to August 2013. All participants underwent a questionnaire investigation, physical examination of hip, and bilateral hip joint X-ray and/or magnetic resonance imaging examination. Blood samples were taken after overnight fasting to test serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. We then used multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the associations between various metabolic, demographic, and lifestyle-related variables and NONFH. Results: NONFH was diagnosed in 218 subjects (0.725%) and the estimated NONFH cases were 8.12 million among Chinese people aged 15 years and over. The prevalence of NONFH was significantly higher in males than in females (1.02% vs. 0.51%, \(\chi^2\) = 24.997, P < 0.001). Among NONFH patients, North residents were subjected to higher prevalence of NONFH than that of South residents (0.85% vs. 0.61%, \(\chi^2\) = 5.847, P = 0.016). Our multivariate regression analysis showed that high blood levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol, male, urban residence, family history of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, heavy smoking, alcohol abuse and glucocorticoid intake, overweight, and obesity were all significantly associated with an increased risk of NONFH. Conclusions: Our findings highlight that NONFH is a significant public health challenge in China and underscore the need for policy measures on the national level. Furthermore, NONFH shares a number of risk factors with atherosclerosis. KW - nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head KW - risk factors KW - idiopathic osteonecrosis KW - early-stage osteonecrosis KW - implantation KW - bone KW - marrow KW - follow-up KW - intake KW - avascular necrosis KW - occupational-status KW - cigarette smoking KW - alcohol KW - prevalence Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138482 VL - 128 IS - 21 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Si A1 - Waxman, Susannah A1 - Wang, Chao A1 - Atta, Sarah A1 - Loewen, Ralitsa A1 - Loewen, Nils A. T1 - Dose-dependent effects of netarsudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on the distal outflow tract JF - Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology N2 - Purpose To characterize the effects of netarsudil on the aqueous humor outflow tract distal to the trabecular meshwork (TM). Wehypothesized that netarsudil increases outflow facility in eyes with and without circumferential ab interno trabeculectomy (AIT)that removes the TM. Methods Sixty-four porcine anterior segment cultures were randomly assigned to groups with (n= 32) and without circumferential AIT (n= 32). Cultures were exposed to 0.1, 1, and 10μM netarsudil (N= 8 eyes per concentration). For each concentration,IOP and vessel diameters were compared with their respective pretreatment baselines. Outflow tract vessel diameters wereassessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and rendered in 4D (XYZ time series). Results Netarsudil at 1μM reduced IOP both in eyes with TM (−0.60 ± 0.24 mmHg,p= 0.01) and in eyes without TM (−1.79 ±0.42 mmHg,p< 0.01). At this concentration, vessels of the distal outflow tract dilated by 72%. However, at 0.1μMnetarsudilelevated IOP in eyes with TM (1.59 ± 0.36 mmHg,p< 0.001) as well as in eyes without TM (0.23 ± 0.32 mmHg,p<0.001). Vessels of the distal outflow tract constricted by 31%. Similarly, netarsudil at a concentration of 10μM elevated IOP both in eyeswith TM (1.91 ± 0.193,p< 0.001) and in eyes without TM (3.65 ± 0.86 mmHg,p< 0.001). At this concentration, outflow tractvessels constricted by 27%. Conclusion In the porcine anterior segment culture, the dose-dependent IOP changes caused by netarsudil matched the diameterchanges of distal outflow tract vessels. Hyper- and hypotensive properties of netarsudil persisted after TM removal KW - Rho-kinase inhibitor KW - Netarsudil KW - Distal outflow trac KW - Anterior chamber perfusion model KW - Porcine eye Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231893 SN - 0721-832X VL - 258 ER -