TY - JOUR A1 - Gágyor, Ildikó A1 - Greser, Alexandra A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Rücker, Viktoria A1 - Maun, Andy A1 - Bleidorn, Jutta A1 - Heintze, Christoph A1 - Jede, Felix A1 - Eckmanns, Tim A1 - Klingeberg, Anja A1 - Mentzel, Anja A1 - Schiemann, Guido T1 - REDuction of Antibiotic RESistance (REDARES) in urinary tract infections using treatments according to national clinical guidelines: study protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial with a multimodal intervention in primary care JF - BMC Infectious Diseases N2 - Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of prescribing antibiotics in family medicine. In Germany, about 40% of UTI-related prescriptions are second-line antibiotics, which contributes to emerging resistance rates. To achieve a change in the prescribing behaviour among family physicians (FPs), this trial aims to implement the guideline recommendations in German family medicine. Methods/design: In a randomized controlled trial, a multimodal intervention will be developed and tested in family practices in four regions across Germany. The intervention will consist of three elements: information on guideline recommendations, information on regional resistance and feedback of prescribing behaviour for FPs on a quarterly basis. The effect of the intervention will be compared to usual practice. The primary endpoint is the absolute difference in the mean of prescribing rates of second-line antibiotics among the intervention and the control group after 12 months. To detect a 10% absolute difference in the prescribing rate after one year, with a significance level of 5% and a power of 86%, a sample size of 57 practices per group will be needed. Assuming a dropout rate of 10%, an overall number of 128 practices will be required. The accompanying process evaluation will provide information on feasibility and acceptance of the intervention. Discussion: If proven effective and feasible, the components of the intervention can improve adherence to antibiotic prescribing guidelines and contribute to antimicrobial stewardship in ambulatory care. KW - antibiotic resistance KW - urinary tract infections KW - guideline adherence KW - multimodal KW - family physicians KW - primary care Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-264725 VL - 21 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Montellano, Felipe A. A1 - Ungethüm, Kathrin A1 - Rücker, Viktoria A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Mackenrodt, Daniel A1 - Quilitzsch, Anika A1 - Ludwig, Timo A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Albert, Judith A1 - Morbach, Caroline A1 - Frantz, Stefan A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph T1 - Prevalence and determinants of systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction and heart failure in acute ischemic stroke patients: The SICFAIL study JF - ESC Heart Failure N2 - Aims Ischaemic stroke (IS) might induce alterations of cardiac function. Prospective data on frequency of cardiac dysfunction and heart failure (HF) after IS are lacking. We assessed prevalence and determinants of diastolic dysfunction (DD), systolic dysfunction (SD), and HF in patients with acute IS. Methods and results The Stroke‐Induced Cardiac FAILure in mice and men (SICFAIL) study is a prospective, hospital‐based cohort study. Patients with IS underwent a comprehensive assessment of cardiac function in the acute phase (median 4 days after IS) including clinical examination, standardized transthoracic echocardiography by expert sonographers, and determination of blood‐based biomarkers. Information on demographics, lifestyle, risk factors, symptoms suggestive of HF, and medical history was collected by a standardized personal interview. Applying current guidelines, cardiac dysfunction was classified based on echocardiographic criteria into SD (left ventricular ejection fraction < 52% in men or <54% in women) and DD (≥3 signs of DD in patients without SD). Clinically overt HF was classified into HF with reduced, mid‐range, or preserved ejection fraction. Between January 2014 and February 2017, 696 IS patients were enrolled. Of them, patients with sufficient echocardiographic data on SD were included in the analyses {n = 644 patients [median age 71 years (interquartile range 60–78), 61.5% male]}. In these patients, full assessment of DD was feasible in 549 patients without SD (94%). Prevalence of cardiac dysfunction and HF was as follows: SD 9.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.6–12.2%]; DD in patients without SD 23.3% (95% CI 20.0–27.0%); and clinically overt HF 5.4% (95% CI 3.9–7.5%) with subcategories of HF with preserved ejection fraction 4.35%, HF with mid‐range ejection fraction 0.31%, and HF with reduced ejection fraction 0.78%. In multivariable analysis, SD and fulfilment of HF criteria were associated with history of coronary heart disease [SD: odds ratio (OR) 3.87, 95% CI 1.93–7.75, P = 0.0001; HF: OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.04–5.05, P = 0.0406] and high‐sensitive troponin T at baseline (SD: OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.31–2.42, P = 0.0003; HF: OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.17–2.33, P = 0.004); DD was associated with older age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05–1.11, P < 0.0001) and treated hypertension vs. no hypertension (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.23–6.54, P = 0.0405). Conclusions A substantial proportion of the study population exhibited subclinical and clinical cardiac dysfunction. SICFAIL provides reliable data on prevalence and determinants of SD, DD, and clinically overt HF in patients with acute IS according to current guidelines, enabling further clarification of its aetiological and prognostic role. KW - Stroke KW - Heart failure KW - Cardiac dysfunction| Brain natriuretic peptide KW - Troponin Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-225656 VL - 8 IS - 2 ER - TY - THES A1 - Rücker, Viktoria T1 - Time trends and determinants of stroke mortality in Germany T1 - Zeitliche Trends und Einflussfaktoren auf die Schlaganfall-Sterblichkeit in Deutschland N2 - In several countries, a decline in mortality, case-fatality and recurrence rates of stroke was observed. However, studies investigating sex-specific and subtype-specific (pathological and etiological) time trends in stroke mortality, case-fatality and recurrence rates are scarce, especially in Germany. The decline in ischemic stroke mortality and case-fatality might be associated with the high quality of acute care of ischemic stroke, but the exact determinants of early outcome remains unknown for Germany. Therefore, as first step of this thesis, we investigated the time trends of subtype- and sex-specific age- standardized stroke mortality rates in Germany from 1998 to 2015, by applying joinpoint regression on official causes of death statistics, provided by the Federal Statistical Office. Furthermore, a regional comparison of the time trends in stroke mortality between East and West was conducted. In the second step, time trends in case-fatality and stroke recurrence rates were analyzed using data from a population- based stroke register in Germany between 1996 and 2015. The analysis was stratified by sex and etiological subtype of ischemic stroke. In the third step, quality of stroke care and the association between adherence to measures of quality of acute ischemic stroke care and in-hospital mortality was estimated based on data from nine regional hospital-based stroke registers in Germany from the years 2015 and 2016. We showed that in Germany, age-standardized stroke mortality declined by over 50% from 1998 to 2015 both, in women and men. Stratified by the pathological subtypes of stroke, the decrease in mortality was larger in ischemic stroke compared to hemorrhagic stroke. Different patterns in the time trends of stroke were observed for stroke subtypes, regions in Germany (former Eastern part of Germany (EG), former Western part of Germany (WG)) and sex, but in all strata a decline was found. By applying joinpoint regression, the number of changes in time trend differed between the regions and up to three changes in the trend in ischemic stroke mortality were detected. Trends in hemorrhagic stroke were in parallel between the regions with up to one change (in women) in joinpoint regression. Comparing the regions, stroke mortality was higher in EG compared to WG throughout the whole observed time period, however the differences between the regions started to diminish from 2007 onwards. Further it was found that, based on the population-based Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro), case-fatality and recurrence rates in ischemic stroke patients are still high in Germany. 46% died and 20% got a recurrent stroke within the first five years after stroke. Case-fatality rates declined statistically significant from 1996 to 2015 across all ischemic stroke patients and all etiological subtypes of ischemic stroke. Based on Cox regression no statistically significant decrease in stroke recurrence was observed. Based on the pooled data of nine regional hospital-based stroke registers from the years 2015 and 2016 covering about 80% of all hospitalized stroke patients in Germany, a high quality of care of acute ischemic stroke patients, measured via 11 evidence-based quality indicators (QI) of process of care, was observed. Across all registers, most QI reached the predefined target values for good quality of stroke care. 9 out of 11 QI showed a significant association with 7-day in-hospital mortality. An inverse linear association between overall adherence to QI and 7-day in-hospital mortality was observed. In conclusion, stroke mortality and case-fatality showed a favorable development over time in Germany, which might partly be due to improvements in acute treatment. This is supported by the association between overall adherence to quality of care and in-hospital mortality. However, there might be room for improvements in long-term secondary prevention, as no clear reduction in recurrence rates was observed. N2 - Ein Rückgang der Mortalität-, Letalität- und Rezidivraten nach einem Schlaganfall konnte in einigen Ländern in den letzten Jahren beobachtet werden. Es gibt, insbesondere für Deutschland, jedoch nur wenige Daten, die diese zeitlichen Trends stratifiziert nach Geschlecht und Schlaganfallsubtyp (pathologischer und ätiologischer Subtyp) ausgewertet haben. Der Rückgang der Mortalität und Letalität nach ischämischem Schlaganfall könnte mit der beobachteten hohen Qualität der Versorgung des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalls zusammenhängen, jedoch sind für Deutschland die genauen Determinanten der frühen Sterblichkeit nach Schlaganfall noch unbekannt. Aus diesem Grunde wurden in der vorliegenden Dissertation, im ersten Schritt zeitliche Trends von 1998 bis 2015 der altersstandardisierten und nach Subtyp und Geschlecht stratifizierten Mortalitätsraten untersucht. Dazu wurden die vom Statistischen Bundesamtes bereitgestellten Daten zur Todesursachenstatistik mittels Joinpoint Regression ausgewertet. Zusätzlich wurde ein regionaler Vergleich der zeitlichen Trends in der Schlaganfallmortalität zwischen der östlichen und westlichen Region von Deutschland durchgeführt. Im zweiten Schritt, wurde basierend auf einem deutschem bevölkerungsbasierten Schlaganfallregister mittels Cox Regression die zeitlichen Trends der Letalitätsraten und Rezidivraten des ischämischen Schlaganfalls zwischen 1996 und 2015 geschätzt. Die Analyse wurde stratifiziert nach Geschlecht und ätiologischem Subtyp des ischämischen Schlaganfalls. Im dritten Schritt wurde, basierend auf Daten von neun regionalen krankenhausbasierten Schlaganfallregistern der Jahre 2015 und 2016, die Qualität der Behandlung des akuten ischämischen gemessen und ein möglicher Zusammenhang zwischen dem Grad der Erfüllung von evidenzbasierten Qualitätsindikatoren und der Krankenhaussterblichkeit untersucht. Wir konnten zeigen, dass von 1998 bis 2015 die altersstandardisierten Schlaganfall Mortalitätsraten über 50%, sowohl bei Männern als auch bei Frauen, abgenommen haben. Stratifiziert nach pathologischem Schlaganfallsubtyp zeigte sich ein stärkerer Rückgang in den Mortalitätsraten nach ischämischem Schlaganfall als in der Mortalitätsrate nach hämorrhagischem Schlaganfall. In allen Strata sind die Mortalitätsraten gesunken, jedoch unterschieden sich die zeitlichen Verläufe zwischen den Strata (Geschlecht, Region). Die mittels Joinpoint Regression geschätzten Anzahlen an Änderungen im zeitlichen Trend der ischämischen Schlaganfall Mortalitätsraten variierten zwischen 0 und maximal 3 Änderungen, zwischen den Regionen und Geschlechtern. Die zeitlichen Trends der Mortalitätsraten nach hämorrhagischem Schlaganfall der beiden Regionen verliefen hingegen parallel zueinander und es zeigte sich nur bei Frauen eine Änderung in der Mortalitätsrate nach der Joinpoint Regression. Die Schlaganfall Mortalitätsraten im östlichen Teil von Deutschland waren über die gesamte Zeit hinweg höher als im westlichen Teil von Deutschland, jedoch glichen sich die Raten ab 2007 immer mehr einander an und es zeigte sich nur noch ein geringer Unterschied in 2015. Die altersadjustierten Letalitätsraten und Rezidivraten nach ischämischem Schlaganfall waren in Deutschland, basierend auf Daten des bevölkerungsbasierten Erlanger Schlaganfall Registers, relativ hoch. Innerhalb der ersten fünf Jahre nach einem ischämischen Schlaganfall sterben 46% und 20% aller Patienten bekommen einen erneuten Schlaganfall. Von 1996 bis 2015 haben die Letalitätsraten nach Schlaganfall signifikant abgenommen, dies zeigte sich in allen Subtypen des ischämischen Schlaganfalls. Die Rezidivraten zeigten keinen signifikanten Rückgang. Basierend auf gepoolten Daten aus den Jahren 2015/2016 von neun krankenhausbasierten Schlaganfall Registern in Deutschland, die ca. 80% aller hospitalisierten Schlaganfälle in Deutschland abdecken, ist die, mittels 11 evidenzbasierter Prozessindikatoren gemessene Qualität der Behandlung des ischämischen Schlaganfalls, hoch. In allen Registern lagen die meisten Qualitätsindikatoren über dem vorabdefinierten Referenzwert für eine gute Qualität an Schlaganfallversorgung. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen 7-Tage Krankenhaussterblichkeit und Erfüllung von einzelnen Qualitätsindikatoren, konnte bei 9 von 11 Qualitätsindikatoren gezeigt werden. Zusätzlich zeigte sich ein inverser Zusammenhang zwischen der Gesamteinhaltung von Qualitätsindikatoren und 7-Tage Krankenhaussterblichkeit. Schlaganfall Mortalitätsrate und Letalitätsraten zeigten eine positive Entwicklung in allen Subtypen des Schlaganfalls über die letzten 20 Jahre. Dies könnte mit Verbesserungen in der Behandlung des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalls im Krankenhaus zusammenhängen, da ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Erfüllung von Qualitätsindikatoren und der Krankenhaussterblichkeit besteht. Jedoch besteht möglicherweise noch Verbesserungspotenzial in der langfristigen Sekundärprävention, da in den Rezidivraten kein klarer Rückgang erkennbar war. KW - Schlaganfall KW - Sterblichkeit KW - Rezidiv KW - Letalität KW - Trend KW - Qualitätsindikator Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233116 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vollmuth, Christoph A1 - Muljukov, Olga A1 - Abu-Mugheisib, Mazen A1 - Angermeier, Anselm A1 - Barlinn, Jessica A1 - Busetto, Loraine A1 - Grau, Armin J. A1 - Günther, Albrecht A1 - Gumbinger, Christoph A1 - Hubert, Nikolai A1 - Hüttemann, Katrin A1 - Klingner, Carsten A1 - Naumann, Markus A1 - Palm, Frederick A1 - Remi, Jan A1 - Rücker, Viktoria A1 - Schessl, Joachim A1 - Schlachetzki, Felix A1 - Schuppner, Ramona A1 - Schwab, Stefan A1 - Schwartz, Andreas A1 - Trommer, Adrian A1 - Urbanek, Christian A1 - Volbers, Bastian A1 - Weber, Joachim A1 - Wojciechowski, Claudia A1 - Worthmann, Hans A1 - Zickler, Philipp A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Hubert, Gordian Jan T1 - Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on stroke teleconsultations in Germany in the first half of 2020 JF - European Journal of Neurology N2 - Background and purpose The effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on telemedical care have not been described on a national level. Thus, we investigated the medical stroke treatment situation before, during, and after the first lockdown in Germany. Methods In this nationwide, multicenter study, data from 14 telemedical networks including 31 network centers and 155 spoke hospitals covering large parts of Germany were analyzed regarding patients' characteristics, stroke type/severity, and acute stroke treatment. A survey focusing on potential shortcomings of in-hospital and (telemedical) stroke care during the pandemic was conducted. Results Between January 2018 and June 2020, 67,033 telemedical consultations and 38,895 telemedical stroke consultations were conducted. A significant decline of telemedical (p < 0.001) and telemedical stroke consultations (p < 0.001) during the lockdown in March/April 2020 and a reciprocal increase after relaxation of COVID-19 measures in May/June 2020 were observed. Compared to 2018–2019, neither stroke patients' age (p = 0.38), gender (p = 0.44), nor severity of ischemic stroke (p = 0.32) differed in March/April 2020. Whereas the proportion of ischemic stroke patients for whom endovascular treatment (14.3% vs. 14.6%; p = 0.85) was recommended remained stable, there was a nonsignificant trend toward a lower proportion of recommendation of intravenous thrombolysis during the lockdown (19.0% vs. 22.1%; p = 0.052). Despite the majority of participating network centers treating patients with COVID-19, there were no relevant shortcomings reported regarding in-hospital stroke treatment or telemedical stroke care. Conclusions Telemedical stroke care in Germany was able to provide full service despite the COVID-19 pandemic, but telemedical consultations declined abruptly during the lockdown period and normalized after relaxation of COVID-19 measures in Germany. KW - COVID-19 KW - SARS-CoV- 2 KW - stroke KW - telemedicine KW - survey Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-259396 VL - 28 IS - 10 ER -