TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ziegler, Mirjam
A1  - Kaiser, Anna
A1  - Igel, Christine
A1  - Geissler, Julia
A1  - Mechler, Konstantin
A1  - Holz, Nathalie E.
A1  - Becker, Katja
A1  - Döpfner, Manfred
A1  - Romanos, Marcel
A1  - Brandeis, Daniel
A1  - Hohmann, Sarah
A1  - Millenet, Sabina
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
T1  - Actigraphy-derived sleep profiles of children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over two weeks — comparison, precursor symptoms, and the chronotype
JF  - Brain Sciences
N2  - Although sleep problems are common in children with ADHD, their extent, preceding risk factors, and the association between neurocognitive performance and neurobiological processes in sleep and ADHD, are still largely unknown. We examined sleep variables in school-aged children with ADHD, addressing their intra-individual variability (IIV) and considering potential precursor symptoms as well as the chronotype. Additionally, in a subgroup of our sample, we investigated associations with neurobehavioral functioning (n = 44). A total of 57 children (6–12 years) with (n = 24) and without ADHD (n = 33) were recruited in one center of the large ESCAlife study to wear actigraphs for two weeks. Actigraphy-derived dependent variables, including IIV, were analyzed using linear mixed models in order to find differences between the groups. A stepwise regression model was used to investigate neuropsychological function. Overall, children with ADHD showed longer sleep onset latency (SOL), higher IIV in SOL, more movements during sleep, lower sleep efficiency, and a slightly larger sleep deficit on school days compared with free days. No group differences were observed for chronotype or sleep onset time. Sleep problems in infancy predicted later SOL and the total number of movements during sleep in children with and without ADHD. No additional effect of sleep problems, beyond ADHD symptom severity, on neuropsychological functioning was found. This study highlights the importance of screening children with ADHD for current and early childhood sleep disturbances in order to prevent long-term sleep problems and offer individualized treatments. Future studies with larger sample sizes should examine possible biological markers to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
KW  - sleep
KW  - actigraphy
KW  - attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
KW  - intra-individual variability (IIV)
KW  - chronotype
KW  - children
KW  - continuous performance task (CPT)
KW  - precursor symptoms
KW  - ESCAlife
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250084
SN  - 2076-3425
VL  - 11
IS  - 12
ER  -