TY - JOUR A1 - Al-Janabi, Omar A1 - Taubert, Helge A1 - Lohse-Fischer, Andrea A1 - Fröhner, Michael A1 - Wach, Sven A1 - Stöhr, Robert A1 - Keck, Bastian A1 - Burger, Max A1 - Wieland, Wolf A1 - Erdmann, Kati A1 - Wirth, Manfred P. A1 - Wullich, Bernd A1 - Baretton, Gustavo A1 - Magdolen, Viktor A1 - Kotzsch, Mathias A1 - Füssel, Susanne T1 - Association of Tissue mRNA and Serum Antigen Levels of Members of the Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator System with Clinical and Prognostic Parameters in Prostate Cancer JF - Biomed Research International N2 - The objective was to determine the mRNA expression and protein levels of uPA system components in tissue specimens and serum samples, respectively, from prostate cancer (PCa) patients and to assess their association with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival (OS). The mRNA expression levels of uPA, its receptor (uPAR), and its inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) were analyzed in corresponding malignant and adjacent nonmalignant tissue specimens from 132 PCa patients by quantitative PCR. Preoperative serum samples from 81 PCa patients were analyzed for antigen levels of uPA system members by ELISA. RNA levels of uPA system components displayed significant correlations with each other in the tumor tissues. A significantly decreased uP AmRNA expression in PCa compared to the corresponding nonmalignant tissue was detected. High uPA mRNA level was significantly associated with a high Gleason score. Elevated concentration of soluble uPAR (suPAR) in serum was significantly associated with a poor OS of PCa patients (P = 0.022). PCa patients with high suPAR levels have a significantly higher risk of death (multivariate Cox's regression analysis; IIR - 7.12, P - 0.027). The association of high suPAR levels with poor survival of PCa patients suggests a prognostic impact of suPAR levels in serum of cancer patients. KW - receptor splice variant KW - primary breast cancer KW - radical prostatectomy KW - tumor tissue KW - progression KW - potential marker KW - inhibitor PAI-1 KW - gastric cancer KW - biomarkers UPA KW - expression Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-117967 SN - 2314-6141 IS - 972587 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Altieri, Barbara A1 - Sbiera, Silviu A1 - Della Casa, Silvia A1 - Weigand, Isabel A1 - Wild, Vanessa A1 - Steinhauer, Sonja A1 - Fadda, Guido A1 - Kocot, Arkadius A1 - Bekteshi, Michaela A1 - Mambretti, Egle M. A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Pontecorvi, Alfredo A1 - Fassnacht, Martin A1 - Ronchi, Cristina L. T1 - Livin/BIRC7 expression as malignancy marker in adrenocortical tumors JF - Oncotarget N2 - Livin/BIRC7 is a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins family, which are involved in tumor development through the inhibition of caspases. Aim was to investigate the expression of livin and other members of its pathway in adrenocortical tumors and in the adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) cell line NCI-H295R. The mRNA expression of livin, its isoforms α and β, XIAP, CASP3 and DIABLO was evaluated by qRT-PCR in 82 fresh-frozen adrenal tissues (34 ACC, 25 adenomas = ACA, 23 normal adrenal glands = NAG). Livin protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 270 paraffin-embedded tissues (192 ACC, 58 ACA, 20 NAG). Livin, CASP3 and cleaved caspase-3 were evaluated in NCI-H295R after induction of livin overexpression. Relative livin mRNA expression was significantly higher in ACC than in ACA and NAG (0.060 ± 0.116 vs 0.004 ± 0.014 and 0.002 ± 0.009, respectively, p < 0.01), being consistently higher in tumors than in adjacent NAG and isoform β more expressed than α. No significant differences in CASP3, XIAP and DIABLO levels were found among these groups. In immunohistochemistry, livin was localized in both cytoplasm and nuclei. The ratio between cytoplasmic and nuclear staining was significantly higher in ACC (1.51 ± 0.66) than in ACA (0.80 ± 0.35) and NAG (0.88 ± 0.27; p < 0.0001). No significant correlations were observed between livin expression and histopathological parameters or clinical outcome. In NCI-H295R cells, the livin overexpression slightly reduced the activation of CASP3, but did not correlate with cell viability. In conclusion, livin is specifically over-expressed in ACC, suggesting that it might be involved in adrenocortical tumorigenesis and represent a new molecular marker of malignancy. KW - cancer KW - livin KW - BIRC7 KW - adrenocortical cancer KW - adrenal tumor KW - caspase-3 Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-171887 VL - 8 IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ardelt, Peter U. A1 - Ebbing, Jan A1 - Adams, Fabian A1 - Reiss, Cora A1 - Arap, Wadih A1 - Pasqualini, Renata A1 - Bachmann, Alexander A1 - Wetterauer, Ulrich A1 - Riedmiller, Hubertus A1 - Kneitz, Burkard T1 - An anti-ubiquitin antibody response in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Background To use combinatorial epitope mapping ("fingerprinting") of the antibody response to identify targets of the humoral immune response in patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. Methods A combinatorial random peptide library was screened on the circulating pool of immunoglobulins purified from an index patient with a high risk TCC (pTa high grade plus carcinoma in situ) to identify corresponding target antigens. A patient cohort was investigated for antibody titers against ubiquitin. Results We selected, isolated, and validated an immunogenic peptide motif from ubiquitin as a dominant epitope of the humoral response. Patients with TCC had significantly higher antibody titers against ubiquitin than healthy donors (p<0.007), prostate cancer patients (p<0.0007), and all patients without TCC taken together (p<0.0001). Titers from superficial tumors were not significantly different from muscle invasive tumors (p = 0.0929). For antibody response against ubiquitin, sensitivity for detection of TCC was 0.44, specificity 0.96, positive predictive value 0.96 and negative predictive value 0.41. No significant titer changes were observed during the standard BCG induction immunotherapy. Conclusions This is the first report to demonstrate an anti-ubiquitin antibody response in patients with TCC. Although sensitivity of antibody production was low, a high specificity and positive predictive value make ubiquitin an interesting candidate for further diagnostic and possibly immune modulating studies. KW - Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin KW - immune response KW - ubiquitin KW - protein biomarkers KW - system bcg KW - tumor cells KW - immunotherapy KW - cancer surveillance Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-143711 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Argentiero, Antonella A1 - Solimando, Antonio Giovanni A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Leone, Patrizia A1 - Susca, Nicola A1 - Brunetti, Oronzo A1 - Racanelli, Vito A1 - Vacca, Angelo A1 - Silvestris, Nicola T1 - Anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy: novel paradigms to envision tailored approaches in renal cell-carcinoma JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Although decision making strategy based on clinico-histopathological criteria is well established, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a spectrum of biological ecosystems characterized by distinct genetic and molecular alterations, diverse clinical courses and potential specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. Given the plethora of drugs available, the subtype-tailored treatment to RCC subtype holds the potential to improve patient outcome, shrinking treatment-related morbidity and cost. The emerging knowledge of the molecular taxonomy of RCC is evolving, whilst the antiangiogenic and immunotherapy landscape maintains and reinforces their potential. Although several prognostic factors of survival in patients with RCC have been described, no reliable predictive biomarkers of treatment individual sensitivity or resistance have been identified. In this review, we summarize the available evidence able to prompt more precise and individualized patient selection in well-designed clinical trials, covering the unmet need of medical choices in the era of next-generation anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy. KW - renal cell carcinoma KW - angiogenesis KW - immune-checkpoint inhibitor KW - tumor microenvironment KW - molecular subtypes KW - prognostic-biomarkers KW - predictive factors Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205846 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 9 IS - 5 ER - TY - THES A1 - Behrmann, Christoph T1 - MicroRNA-221 sensitiviert Prostatakarzinomzellen gegenüber TRAIL durch Inhibition von SOCS-3 und PIK3R1 T1 - MicroRNA-221 sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL via inhibition of SOCS-3 and PIK3R1 N2 - MicroRNA-221 (miR-221) führt in Prostatakarzinomzellen zu einer Induktion einer TRAIL-supprotiven Signatur als Folge einer Interferonaktivierung mit Heraufregulation von STAT-1 und den TRAIL-relevanten, interferonsensitiven Genen TNFSF-10 und XAF-1. Ferner führt die Inhibierung des bekannten Zielgenes SOCS-3 sowie die Inhibierung des neu beschriebenen Zielgenens PIK3R1 zu einer TRAIL-Sensitivierung in den untersuchten Prostatakarzinomzellen. N2 - MicroRNA-221 (miR-221) mediates TRAIL-sensitivation of prostate cancer cells via inducing an TRAIL-supportive signature. This was shown by upregulation of STAT-1 and the TRAIL inducing the interferone sensitive genes XAF-1 and TNFSF-10. Furthermore the inhibition of two miR-221 targets mediates TRAIL sensitivation. The inhibition of the known target SOCS-3 and the new target PIK3R1 both led to TRAIL sensitivation of prostate cancer cells. KW - microrna KW - Prostatakarzinom KW - tumor necrosis factor KW - microRNA-221 KW - TRAIL KW - PIK3R1 KW - SOCS-3 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199205 ER - TY - THES A1 - Bendig, Ines Doris T1 - Expression von VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) beim Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase - eine vergleichende Untersuchung histologischer Präparate nach Transurethraler Resektion und nach Cystektomie T1 - Expression of VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder – a comparative analysis of histological sections after transurethral resection and cystectomy N2 - Zur Abschätzung der Wachstums- und Progressionstendenz des Harnblasenkarzinoms ist die Erforschung neuer diagnostischer Marker notwendig. Kriterien wie Staging und Grading erweisen sich oftmals als unzureichend, da Tumoren mit ähnlichen Stadien unterschiedliche klinische Verläufe zeigen können. Der VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) wurde als wichtiger angiogenese-stimulierender Mediator beim Harnblasenkarzinom identifiziert. Bisher konnte zeigt werden, dass die Expression von VEGF im Harnblasenkarzinom gegenüber unauffälligem Blasengewebe erhöht ist. Um die Expession von VEGF in verschieden Tumorstadien zu evaluieren, wurde Tumormaterial von 52 Harnblasenkarzinompatienten untersucht, das durch transurethrale Resektion (TUR-B) und durch Cystektomie gewonnen wurde. Die Tumoren zeigten invasives Wachstum und eine urotheliale Differenzierung. Die Schnitte wurden mit einem polyklonalen Antikörper gegen die Splicing-Varianten VEGF189, 165, 121 gefärbt, und die VEGF-positiven Tumorzellen ausgezählt. Im Stadium pT1 und pT4 wurden die höchsten Werte VEGF-positiver Zellen gefunden. Im Stadium pT2 wurde der niedrigste Wert ermittelt. G2-Tumoren unterscheiden sich statistisch nicht signifikant von den G3-Tumoren. Bei Tumoren mit lymphogener Metastasierung lag der Wert VEGF-positiver Zellen niedriger als bei denen ohne Lymphknotenmetastasen. Tumoren mit hämatogener Metastasierung wiesen höhere Werte auf als die ohne Fernmetastasen. Vergleiche der Ergebnisse der Tumorpräparate gewonnen durch TUR-B und Cystektomie ergeben für die Stadien pT1 und pT2 vergleichbare Werte. Deutliche Unterschiede ergeben sich für das Stadium pT3 und pT4. Durch Interpretation der Ergebnisse muss davon ausgegangen werden, dass die Auswertung der VEGF-Protein-Expression keinen unabhängigen prognostischen Indikator darstellt. VEGF scheint beim Blasenkarzinom nicht der alleinige Mediator in der Tumorausdehnung und Filialisierung zu sein. N2 - For predicting stage progression and recurrence of bladder cancer, new prognostic markers are necessary. Criteria like staging or grading are not sufficient because tumors with similar staging have different outcomes. VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) was identified as a molecular mediator of angiogenesis in bladder cancer. The expression of VEGF in cancerous bladder cells is higher than in their normal counterparts. To evaluate the expression of VEGF in different stages, we analyzed invasive urothelial carcinomas of 52 patients obtained by transurethral resection and cystectomy. After staining by using a polyclonal antibody against the isoforms VEGF189, 165, 121, the number of VEGF-positive tumor cells was enumerated. The highest values of VEGF-positive cells were found in stages pT1 and pT4. The lowest value was detected at the pT2 stage. There were no differences in regard to the grading. Tumors with lymph node metastases showed less VEGF-positive cells than tumors without lymph node metastases. Tumors with distant metastases showed higher VEGF values than tumors without distant metastases. Our data indicate that the expression of VEGF in bladder cancer is not a sufficient index for predicting relapse and stage progression. Furthermore, VEGF is likely not the only mediator of angiogenesis leading to tumor growth and stage progression. KW - VEGF KW - Harnblasenkarzinom KW - VEGF KW - bladder cancer Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-9087 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bluemel, Christina A1 - Linke, Fraenze A1 - Herrmann, Ken A1 - Simunovic, Iva A1 - Eiber, Matthias A1 - Kestler, Christian A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Schirbel, Andreas A1 - Bley, Thorsten A. A1 - Wester, Hans-Juergen A1 - Vergho, Daniel A1 - Becker, Axel T1 - Impact of \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT on salvage radiotherapy planning in patients with prostate cancer and persisting PSA values or biochemical relapse after prostatectomy JF - EJNMMI Research N2 - Background Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) is clinically established in prostate cancer (PC) patients with PSA persistence or biochemical relapse (BCR) after prior radical surgery. PET/CT imaging prior to SRT may be performed to localize disease recurrence. The recently introduced \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA outperforms other PET tracers for detection of recurrence and is therefore expected also to impact radiation planning. Forty-five patients with PSA persistence (16 pts) or BCR (29 pts) after prior prostatectomy, scheduled to undergo SRT of the prostate bed, underwent \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT. The median PSA level was 0.67 ng/ml. The impact of \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT on the treatment decision was assessed. Patients with oligometastatic (≤5 lesions) PC underwent radiotherapy (RT), with the extent of the RT area and dose escalation being based on PET positivity. Results Suspicious lesions were detected in 24/45 (53.3 %) patients. In 62.5 % of patients, lesions were only detected by 68Ga-PSMA PET. Treatment was changed in 19/45 (42.2 %) patients, e.g., extending SRT to metastases (9/19), administering dose escalation in patients with morphological local recurrence (6/19), or replacing SRT by systemic therapy (2/19). 38/45 (84.4 %) followed the treatment recommendation, with data on clinical follow-up being available in 21 patients treated with SRT. All but one showed biochemical response (mean PSA decline 78 ± 19 %) within a mean follow-up of 8.12 ± 5.23 months. Conclusions \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT impacts treatment planning in more than 40 % of patients scheduled to undergo SRT. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm this significant therapeutic impact on patients prior to SRT. KW - prostate cancer KW - salvage radiotherapy KW - PSMA KW - PET/CT KW - recurrence Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-147798 VL - 6 IS - 78 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brumberg, Joachim A1 - Beckl, Melanie A1 - Dierks, Alexander A1 - Schirbel, Andreas A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Buck, Andreas A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina T1 - Detection Rate of \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA Ligand PET/CT in Patients with Recurrent Prostate Cancer and Androgen Deprivation Therapy JF - Biomedicines N2 - Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand PET/CT enables the localization of tumor lesions in patients with recurrent prostate cancer, but it is unclear whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) influences diagnostic accuracy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ADT on the detection rate of \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT. Thus, 399 patients with initial radical prostatectomy and 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT during PSA relapse were retrospectively evaluated. Propensity score matching was used to create two balanced groups of 62 subjects who either did or did not receive ADT within six months before imaging. All \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT were evaluated visually and with semiquantitative measures. The detection rate of tumor recurrence was significantly higher in the group with ADT (88.7% vs. 72.6%, p = 0.02) and improved with increasing PSA-levels in both groups. In subjects with pathological PET/CT and ADT, whole-body total lesion PSMA (p < 0.01) and PSMA-derived tumor volume (p < 0.01) were significantly higher than in those without ADT. More PSMA-positive lesions and higher PSMA-derived volumetric parameters in patients with ADT suggest that a better detection rate is related to a (biologically) more advanced disease stage. Due to high detection rates in patients with PSA-levels < 2 ng/mL, the withdrawal of ADT before PSMA ligand PET/CT cannot be recommended. KW - 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT KW - androgen deprivation therapy KW - detection rate KW - recurrent prostate cancer Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-219301 SN - 2227-9059 VL - 8 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - D'Andrea, David A1 - Soria, Francesco A1 - Grotenhuis, Anne J. A1 - Cha, Eugene K. A1 - Malats, Nuria A1 - Di Stasi, Savino A1 - Joniau, Steven A1 - Cai, Tommaso A1 - Rhijn, Bas W. G. van A1 - Irani, Jaques A1 - Karnes, Jeffrey A1 - Varkarakis, John A1 - Baniel, Jack A1 - Palou, Joan A1 - Babjuk, Marek A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Ardelt, Peter A1 - Colombo, Renzo A1 - Serretta, Vincenzo A1 - Dalbagni, Guido A1 - Gontero, Paolo A1 - Bartoletti, Riccardo A1 - Larré, Stephane A1 - Malmstrom, Per-Uno A1 - Sylvester, Richard A1 - Shariat, Shahrokh F. T1 - Association of patients’ sex with treatment outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin immunotherapy for T1G3/HG bladder cancer JF - World Journal of Urology N2 - Purpose To investigate the association of patients’ sex with recurrence and disease progression in patients treated with intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) for T1G3/HG urinary bladder cancer (UBC). Materials and methods We analyzed the data of 2635 patients treated with adjuvant intravesical BCG for T1 UBC between 1984 and 2019. We accounted for missing data using multiple imputations and adjusted for covariate imbalance between males and females using inverse probability weighting (IPW). Crude and IPW-adjusted Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of patients’ sex with HG-recurrence and disease progression. Results A total of 2170 (82%) males and 465 (18%) females were available for analysis. Overall, 1090 (50%) males and 244 (52%) females experienced recurrence, and 391 (18%) males and 104 (22%) females experienced disease progression. On IPW-adjusted Cox regression analyses, female sex was associated with disease progression (HR 1.25, 95%CI 1.01–1.56, p = 0.04) but not with recurrence (HR 1.06, 95%CI 0.92–1.22, p = 0.41). A total of 1056 patients were treated with adequate BCG. In these patients, on IPW-adjusted Cox regression analyses, patients’ sex was not associated with recurrence (HR 0.99, 95%CI 0.80–1.24, p = 0.96), HG-recurrence (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.78–1.29, p = 0.99) or disease progression (HR 1.12, 95%CI 0.78–1.60, p = 0.55). Conclusion Our analysis generates the hypothesis of a differential response to BCG between males and females if not adequately treated. Further studies should focus on sex-based differences in innate and adaptive immune system and their association with BCG response. KW - bladder cancer KW - BCG KW - response KW - age KW - progression KW - recurrence Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-344486 VL - 39 IS - 9 ER - TY - THES A1 - Eckel, Nils T1 - Die microRNA-Expression des klarzelligen Nierenzellkarzinoms T1 - The microRNA expression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma N2 - Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der experimentellen Untersuchung der MicroRNA-Expression in klarzelligen Nierenzellkarzinomen. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass Tumoren gegenüber normalem Nierengewebe über ein spezifisches Expressionsprofil verfügt. Unter den differententiell exprimierten MicroRNAs fand sich auch miR-21. Aufgrund der durch sie regulierten Gene konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein möglicher Zusammenhang zwischen der Expression von miR-21 und der Genese der klarzelligen Nierenzellkarzinoms besteht. N2 - This work deals with the experimental investigation of microRNA expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. It was shown that tumors have a specific expression profile compared to normal kidney tissue. Among the differentially expressed microRNAs, miR-21 was found. Based on the genes regulated by it, it was shown that there is a possible connection between the expression of miR-21 and the genesis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. KW - miRNS KW - Nierenkrebs KW - Genexpression KW - Expressionsprofil KW - Nierenzellkarzinom KW - miR-21 KW - real cell cancer KW - expression profile KW - microRNA Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245604 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eckhardt, Carolin A1 - Sbiera, Iuliu A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Sbiera, Silviu A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Joniau, Steven A1 - Fassnacht, Martin A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Weigand, Isabel A1 - Kroiss, Matthias T1 - High expression of Sterol-O-Acyl transferase 1 (SOAT1), an enzyme involved in cholesterol metabolism, is associated with earlier biochemical recurrence in high risk prostate cancer JF - Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases N2 - Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer in men. The prognosis of PCa is heterogeneous with many clinically indolent tumors and rare highly aggressive cases. Reliable tissue markers of prognosis are lacking. Active cholesteryl ester synthesis has been associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness. Sterol-O-Acyl transferases (SOAT) 1 and 2 catalyze cholesterol esterification in humans. Objective To investigate the value of SOAT1 and SOAT2 tissue expression as prognostic markers in high risk PCa. Patients and Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 305 high risk PCa cases treated with radical prostatectomy were analyzed for SOAT1 and SOAT2 protein expression by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to compare outcome. Main Outcome Measure Biochemical recurrence (BCR) free survival. Results SOAT1 expression was high in 73 (25%) and low in 219 (75%; not evaluable: 13) tumors. SOAT2 was highly expressed in 40 (14%) and at low levels in 249 (86%) samples (not evaluable: 16). By Kaplan-Meier analysis, we found significantly shorter median BCR free survival of 93 months (95% confidence interval 23.6-123.1) in patients with high SOAT1 vs. 134 months (112.6-220.2, Log-rank p < 0.001) with low SOAT1. SOAT2 expression was not significantly associated with BCR. After adjustment for age, preoperative PSA, tumor stage, Gleason score, resection status, lymph node involvement and year of surgery, high SOAT1 but not SOAT2 expression was associated with shorter BCR free survival with a hazard ratio of 2.40 (95% CI 1.57-3.68, p < 0.001). Time to clinical recurrence and overall survival were not significantly associated with SOAT1 and SOAT2 expression CONCLUSIONS: SOAT1 expression is strongly associated with BCR free survival alone and after multivariable adjustment in high risk PCa. SOAT1 may serve as a histologic marker of prognosis and holds promise as a future treatment target. KW - prostate cancer KW - SOAT1 KW - cholesterol metabolism Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-271819 SN - 1476-5608 VL - 25 IS - 3 ER - TY - THES A1 - Feiden, Anna Marie Elisabeth T1 - Die Bedeutung der miR-146b beim Prostatakarzinom – eine molekularbiologische Funktionsanalyse anhand von LNCaP-Zellen sowie eine klinische Analyse an zwei Prostatakarzinomkollektiven T1 - MiR-146b functions as tumor suppressor in Prostate Cancer by regulating the expression of nras N2 - Die miR-146b Expression war signifikant supprimiert im Prostatakarzinomgewebe im Vergleich zum benignen Prostatahyperplasiegewebe. Dies konnte anhand eines Prostatakarzinompatientenkollektivs signifikant nachgewiesen werden. Nach ektoper Steigerung der miR-146b Expression in LNCaP-Zellen mittels transienter Transfektion zeigte sich eine signifikante Proliferationsinhibierung. N-Ras konnte als direktes Target der miR-146b nachgewiesen werden: mittels qRT-PCR zeigte sich eine inverse Expression von miR-146b und N-Ras in transfizierten LNCaP-Zellen. Der Luciferase-Assay bestätigte N-Ras als direktes Target der miR-146b. Die Targetbeziehung von N-Ras und miR-146b konnte auch in vivo (Prostatakarzinompatientenkollektiv) bestätigt werden. N2 - MiR-146b expression was sign. down regulated in PCa tissue compared to BPH. Transient transfection of miR-146b was successfully performed. Proliferation was inhibited in cells with up-regulated miR-146b. Nras was predicted as target; qRT-PCR showed inverse expression of miR-146b and nras in transiently transfected cells. Luciferase Assay confirmed nras to be a target of miR-146b. An inverse association of both was shown in a PCa collective indicating a miR-146b mediated regulation of nras in primary PCa cases. KW - Prostatakarzinom KW - Tumorsuppressor KW - MicroRNA-146b KW - N-Ras Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161909 ER - TY - THES A1 - Finkl, Sophia T1 - Untersuchungen zur Funktion und Expression von miR-200b im Prostatakarzinom unter besonderer Beachtung von miR-200b als Prognosemarker bei Hochrisiko-Erkrankten und des Enzyms SOAT1 als Zielstruktur von miR-200b T1 - Studies on the function and expression of miR-200b in prostate carcinoma with special attention to miR-200b as a prognostic marker in high-risk disease patients and the enzyme SOAT1 as a target of miR-200b N2 - Die miR-200b zeigte sich in zwei unabhängigen Prostatakarzinomkollektiven herabreguliert und in dem verwendeten Hochrisiko Kollektiv erwies sich miR-200b zudem in uni- und multivariaten Analysen in einem retrospektiven Versuchsansatz als geeigneter Marker zur Abschätzung der Prognose des Prostatakarzinoms. Mittels in vitro Experimenten konnten tumorsuppressive Funktionen von miR-200b bestätigt werden, da miR-200b überexprimierende Prostatakarzinom Zelllinien eine geringere Proliferation und eine geringere Autophagie zeigten. Zusätzlich konnte auf funktioneller Ebene, SOAT1 als Zielgen von miR-200b definiert werden. Die funktionelle Bedeutung der miR-200b vermittelten Regulation der SOAT1 Expression konnte in weiteren Experimenten bestätigt werden, indem eine Sensitivierung gegenüber der antiproliferativen Wirkung von SOAT1 Inhibitoren in miR-200b überexprimierenden Prostatakarzinom-Zellen beobachtet werden konnte. Mit diesen Ergebnissen konnte ein Model entwickelt werden, welches einen möglichen Erklärungsansatz der Bedeutung, der von miR-200b vermittelten SOAT1 Regulation für den Fettstoffwechsel des Prostatakarzinoms liefern könnte. N2 - The miR-200b was shown to be downregulated in two independent prostate cancer collectives and in the high-risk collective, miR-200b was also found to be a suitable marker to estimate the prognosis of prostate cancer in univariate and multivariate analyses in a retrospective experimental approach. Using in vitro experiments, tumor suppressive functions of miR-200b could be confirmed, as miR-200b overexpressing prostate carcinoma cell lines showed lower proliferation and autophagy. In addition, at the functional level, SOAT1 could be defined as a target gene of miR-200b. The functional significance of miR-200b mediated regulation of SOAT1 expression was confirmed in further experiments by observing sensitivity to the antiproliferative effect of SOAT1 inhibitors in miR-200b overexpressing prostate carcinoma cells. With these results, a model could be developed that could provide a possible explanation of the importance of SOAT1 regulation mediated by miR-200b for lipid metabolism in prostate carcinoma. KW - Prostatakrebs KW - Prostatakarzinom KW - miR-200b KW - SOAT1 KW - prostate cancer KW - lipid metabolism Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-257418 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuss, Carmina Teresa A1 - Other, Katharina A1 - Heinze, Britta A1 - Landwehr, Laura-Sophie A1 - Wiegering, Armin A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Hahner, Stefanie A1 - Fassnacht, Martin T1 - Expression of the chemokine receptor CCR7 in the normal adrenal gland and adrenal tumors and its correlation with clinical outcome in adrenocortical carcinoma JF - Cancers N2 - Background: The chemokine receptor CCR7 is crucial for an intact immune function, but its expression is also associated with clinical outcome in several malignancies. No data exist on the expression of CCR7 in adrenocortical tumors. Methods: CCR7 expression was investigated by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 4 normal adrenal glands, 59 adrenocortical adenomas, and 181 adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) samples. Results: CCR7 is highly expressed in the outer adrenocortical zones and medulla. Aldosterone-producing adenomas showed lower CCR7 protein levels (H-score 1.3 ± 1.0) compared to non-functioning (2.4 ± 0.5) and cortisol-producing adenomas (2.3 ± 0.6), whereas protein expression was variable in ACC (1.8 ± 0.8). In ACC, CCR7 protein expression was significantly higher in lymph node metastases (2.5 ± 0.5) compared to primary tumors (1.8±0.8) or distant metastases (2.0 ± 0.4; p < 0.01). mRNA levels of CCR7 were not significantly different between ACCs, normal adrenals, and adrenocortical adenomas. In contrast to other tumor entities, neither CCR7 protein nor mRNA expression significantly impacted patients' survival. Conclusion: We show that CCR7 is expressed on mRNA and protein level across normal adrenals, benign adrenocortical tumors, as well as ACCs. Given that CCR7 did not influence survival in ACC, it is probably not involved in tumor progression, but it could play a role in adrenocortical homeostasis. KW - CCR7 KW - chemokine receptor KW - adrenocortical carcinoma KW - adrenal tumors Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250112 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 13 IS - 22 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hahner, Maximilian T1 - Organerhaltung in der modernen Nierentumorchirurgie: Würzburger Ergebnisse 1997-2002 T1 - Parenchymal Preservation in modern renal tumor-surgery: The Würzburg experience 1997-2002 N2 - Hintergrund: Die operative Resektion von Nierenzellkarzinomen stellt die einzige Therapie mit kurativem Ansatz dar. Zunehmend etabliert sich die parenchymschonende Tumorresektion mit dem Ziel des Erhalts der Nierenfunktion neben der Radikalen Tumornephrektomie bei lokal begrenzten Nierentumoren. Methode: In unserer Untersuchung erfolgte die Gegenüberstellung von insgesamt 155 Patienten mit einem T1-Nierenzellkarzinom, die sich zwischen 1997 und 2002 entweder einer parenchymschonenden Tumorresektion oder einer Radikalen Nephrektomie an der Urologischen Universitätsklinik Würzburg unterzogen haben. In die Auswertung gelangten nur die Patienten, bei denen eine vollständige Nachsorgehistorie eruierbar war. Zusätzlich durfte nur ein organbegrenzter T1M0N0-Status vorliegen. Es erfolgte die Gegenüberstellung beider Operationsmethoden. Innerhalb der parenchymschonend operierten Patientengruppe erfolgte ein Vergleich von elektiven gegenüber imperativen Indikationen. Zentraler Fokus war neben der tumorspezifischen Überlebensrate der Erhalt der Nierenfunktion und die Rate an perioperativen Komplikationen. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt ergaben sich signifikante Unterschiede beim Vergleich der postoperativen Nierenfunktion mit Hilfe der MDRD-Formel, die postoperativ bei den parenchymschonend operierten Patienten deutlich höher lag. Wie zu erwarten fand sich hier aber eine etwas höhere Bluttransfusionsrate, sowie eine gering höhere perioperative Rate an Komplikationen. Die tumorassoziierte Gesamtüberlebensrate lag bei den parenchymschonend operierten Patienten bei 92,96% und den radikal nephrektomierten Patienten bei 91,67%, das onkologische Outcome bezeichnen wir deshalb als gleich. Statistisch dürfen wir aufgrund der Zahlen nur von einem Trend sprechen. Schlussfolgerungen: In Zusammenschau aller Auswertungen sollte eine parenchymschonende Nierentumorresektion unter dem Aspekt der Erhaltung der Nierenfunktion insbesondere bei lokal begrenzten Tumoren immer erwogen werden. Im Hinblick auf das onkologische Outcome ergibt sich kein Nachteil. Der Vorteil der Radikalen Tumornephrektomie bleibt den fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien vorbehalten. N2 - Background: Actually, the surgical resection of Renal Cell Carcinoma seems to be the only therapeutic opportunity of curative treatment. An increasing number of patients with T1N0M0 stage are treated by nephron sparing surgery in order to achieve a maximum of renal parenchymal preservation. Methods: In our analysis we retrospectively compared 155 patients with T1-Renal cell carcinoma. We either performed a nephron sparing surgery or radical nephrectomy. These patients were treated in the department of urology, Julius-Maximilians-university of Würzburg, from 1997-2002. A complete Follow up was necessary for participance. Additionally, we analysed elective versus imperative indications for nephron sparing patients. We focused on tumor survival rate, renal function and perioperative complications. Results: We found significant differences in comparison of postoperative renal function, which was higher in the nephron sparing group. In contrast to this result, we found a higher rate of blood transfusions and perioperative complications. Tumorassociated all over survival rate for nephron sparing patients was 92,96% and for radical nephrectomy patients 91,76%. The oncological outcome seemed to be similar. Conclusions: In conclusion to our results, nephron sparing surgery should be discussed for all patients with localized renal cell carcinoma in order to preservate renal parenchyma. There is no oncological disadvantage for these patients, the advantage of radical nephrectomy seems to be in progressed stages of renal cell carcinoma. KW - Nierentumor KW - Nierenkrebs KW - Nephrektomie KW - Teilresektion KW - Organerhalt KW - Nierenfunktion KW - Renal cell carcinoma KW - radical nephrectomy KW - nephron sparing surgery Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-35657 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hailer, Amelie A1 - Grunewald, Thomas G. P. A1 - Orth, Martin A1 - Reiss, Cora A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Butt, Elke T1 - Loss of tumor suppressor mir-203 mediates overexpression of LIM and SH3 Protein 1 (LASP1) in high-risk prostate cancer thereby increasing cell proliferation and migration JF - Oncotarget N2 - Several studies have linked overexpression of the LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (LASP1) to progression of breast, colon, liver, and bladder cancer. However, its expression pattern and role in human prostate cancer (PCa) remained largely undefined. Analysis of published microarray data revealed a significant overexpression of LASP1 in PCa metastases compared to parental primary tumors and normal prostate epithelial cells. Subsequent gene-set enrichment analysis comparing LASP1-high and -low PCa identified an association of LASP1 with genes involved in locomotory behavior and chemokine signaling. These bioinformatic predictions were confirmed in vitro as the inducible short hairpin RNA-mediated LASP1 knockdown impaired migration and proliferation in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. By immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative image analysis of whole tissue sections we found an enhanced expression of LASP1 in primary PCa and lymph node metastases over benign prostatic hyperplasia. Strong cytosolic and nuclear LASP1 immunoreactivity correlated with PSA progression. Conversely, qRT-PCR analyses for mir-203, which is a known translational suppressor of LASP1 in matched RNA samples revealed an inverse correlation of LASP1 protein and mir-203 expression. Collectively, our results suggest that loss of mir-203 expression and thus uncontrolled LASP1 overexpression might drive progression of PCa. KW - mir-203 KW - PSA KW - LNCaP KW - LASP1 KW - prostate cancer Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-120540 SN - 1949-2553 VL - 5 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Bundschuh, Ralph A. A1 - Weinzierl, Franz-Xaver A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Kosmala, Aleksander A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Essler, Markus A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. T1 - mCRPC patients with PSA fluctuations under radioligand therapy have comparable survival benefits relative to patients with sustained PSA decrease JF - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging N2 - Introduction In men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) scheduled for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT), biochemical response is assessed based on repeated measurements of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. We aimed to determine overall survival (OS) in patients experiencing sustained PSA increase, decrease, or fluctuations during therapy. Materials and methods In this bicentric study, we included 176 mCRPC patients treated with PSMA-directed RLT. PSA levels were determined using blood samples prior to the first RLT and on the admission days for the following cycles. We calculated relative changes in PSA levels compared to baseline. Kaplan–Meier curves as well as log-rank test were used to compare OS of different subgroups, including patients with sustained PSA increase, decrease, or fluctuations (defined as change after initial decrease or increase after the first cycle). Results Sixty-one out of one hundred seventy-six (34.7%) patients showed a sustained increase and 86/176 (48.8%) a sustained decrease in PSA levels. PSA fluctuations were observed in the remaining 29/176 (16.5%). In this subgroup, 22/29 experienced initial PSA decrease followed by an increase (7/29, initial increase followed by a decrease). Median OS of patients with sustained decrease in PSA levels was significantly longer when compared to patients with sustained increase of PSA levels (19 vs. 8 months; HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.22–0.56; P < 0.001). Patients with PSA fluctuations showed a significantly longer median OS compared to patients with sustained increase of PSA levels (18 vs. 8 months; HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30–0.80; P < 0.01), but no significant difference relative to men with sustained PSA decrease (18 vs. 19 months; HR 1.4, 95% CI 0.78–2.49; P = 0.20). In addition, in men experiencing PSA fluctuations, median OS did not differ significantly between patients with initial decrease or initial increase of tumor marker levels (16 vs. 18 months; HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.38–4.05; P = 0.68). Conclusion Initial increase or decrease of PSA levels is sustained in the majority of patients undergoing RLT. Sustained PSA decrease was linked to prolonged survival and men with PSA fluctuations under treatment experienced comparable survival benefits. As such, transient tumor marker oscillations under RLT should rather not lead to treatment discontinuation, especially in the absence of radiological progression. KW - radioligand therapy KW - late response KW - flare phenomenon KW - PSA KW - prostate cancer KW - PSMA Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324562 VL - 49 IS - 13 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Heinrich, Marieke A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Brumberg, Joachim A1 - Sokolakis, Ioannis A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Schirbel, Andreas A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Krebs, Markus T1 - Metabolic Tumour Volume from PSMA PET/CT Scans of Prostate Cancer Patients during Chemotherapy — Do Different Software Solutions Deliver Comparable Results? JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - (1) Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-derived tumour volume (PSMA-TV) and total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMA) from PSMA PET/CT scans are promising biomarkers for assessing treatment response in prostate cancer (PCa). Currently, it is unclear whether different software tools for assessing PSMA-TV and TL-PSMA produce comparable results. (2) Methods: \(^{68}\)Ga-PSMA PET/CT scans from n = 21 patients with castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) receiving chemotherapy were identified from our single-centre database. PSMA-TV and TL-PSMA were calculated with Syngo.via (Siemens) as well as the freely available Beth Israel plugin for FIJI (Fiji Is Just ImageJ) before and after chemotherapy. While statistical comparability was illustrated and quantified via Bland-Altman diagrams, the clinical agreement was estimated by matching PSMA-TV, TL-PSMA and relative changes of both variables during chemotherapy with changes in serum PSA (ΔPSA) and PERCIST (Positron Emission Response Criteria in Solid Tumors). (3) Results: Comparing absolute PSMA-TV and TL-PSMA as well as Bland–Altman plotting revealed a good statistical comparability of both software algorithms. For clinical agreement, classifying therapy response did not differ between PSMA-TV and TL-PSMA for both software solutions and showed highly positive correlations with BR. (4) Conclusions: due to the high levels of statistical and clinical agreement in our CRPC patient cohort undergoing taxane chemotherapy, comparing PSMA-TV and TL-PSMA determined by Syngo.via and FIJI appears feasible. KW - prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) KW - metabolic tumour volume (MTV) KW - total lesion PSMA KW - biomarker KW - software KW - comparability KW - agreement Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205893 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 9 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Peter, Lea A1 - Heinrich, Marieke A1 - Ruffing, Julia A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Weinke, Maximilian A1 - Brumberg, Joachim A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina T1 - Reduced segmentation of lesions is comparable to whole-body segmentation for response assessment by PSMA PET/CT: initial experience with the keyhole approach JF - Biology N2 - Simple Summary The calculation of PSMA-positive tumor volume (PSMA-TV) of the whole body from PSMA PET scans for response evaluation remains a time-consuming procedure. We hypothesized that it may be possible to quantify changes in PSMA-TV by considering only a limited number of representative tumor lesions. Changes in the whole-body PSMA-TV of 65 patients were comparable to the changes in PSMA-TV after including only the ten largest lesions. Moreover, changes in PSMA-TV correlated well with changes in PSA levels, as did the changes in PSMA-TV with the reduced number of lesions. We conclude that a response assessment using PSMA-TV with a reduced number of lesions is feasible and could lead to a simplified process for evaluating PSMA PET/CT. Abstract (1) Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)-derived parameters, such as the commonly used standardized uptake value (SUV) and PSMA-positive tumor volume (PSMA-TV), have been proposed for response assessment in metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, the calculation of whole-body PSMA-TV remains a time-consuming procedure. We hypothesized that it may be possible to quantify changes in PSMA-TV by considering only a limited number of representative lesions. (2) Methods: Sixty-five patients classified into different disease stages were assessed by PSMA PET/CT for staging and restaging after therapy. Whole-body PSMA-TV and whole-body SUV\(_{max}\) were calculated. We then repeated this calculation only including the five or ten hottest or largest lesions. The corresponding serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were also determined. The derived delta between baseline and follow-up values provided the following parameters: ΔSUV\(_{maxall}\), ΔSUV\(_{max10}\), ΔSUV\(_{max5}\), ΔPSMA-TV\(_{all}\), ΔPSMA-TV\(_{10}\), ΔPSMA-TV\(_{5}\), ΔPSA. Finally, we compared the findings from our whole-body segmentation with the results from our keyhole approach (focusing on a limited number of lesions) and correlated all values with the biochemical response (ΔPSA). (3) Results: Among patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive PCa (mHSPC), none showed a relevant deviation for ΔSUV\(_{max10}\)/ΔSUV\(_{max5}\) or ΔPSMA-TV\(_{10}\)/ΔPSMA-TV\(_{5}\) compared to ΔSUV\(_{maxall}\) and ΔPSMA-TV\(_{all}\). For patients treated with taxanes, up to 6/21 (28.6%) showed clinically relevant deviations between ΔSUV\(_{maxall}\) and ΔSUV\(_{max10}\) or ΔSUV\(_{max5}\), but only up to 2/21 (9.5%) patients showed clinically relevant deviations between ΔPSMA-TV\(_{all}\) and ΔPSMA-TV\(_{10}\) or ΔPSMA-TV\(_{5}\). For patients treated with radioligand therapy (RLT), up to 5/28 (17.9%) showed clinically relevant deviations between ΔSUV\(_{maxall}\) and ΔSUV\(_{max10}\) or ΔSUV\(_{max5}\), but only 1/28 (3.6%) patients showed clinically relevant deviations between ΔPSMA-TV\(_{all}\) and ΔPSMA-TV\(_{10}\) or ΔPSMA-TV\(_{5}\). The highest correlations with ΔPSA were found for ΔPSMA-TV\(_{all}\) (r ≥ 0.59, p ≤ 0.01), followed by ΔPSMA-TV\(_{10}\) (r ≥ 0.57, p ≤ 0.01) and ΔPSMA-TV\(_{5}\) (r ≥ 0.53, p ≤ 0.02) in all cohorts. ΔPSA only correlated with ΔSUV\(_{maxall}\) (r = 0.60, p = 0.02) and with ΔSUV\(_{max10}\) (r = 0.53, p = 0.03) in the mHSPC cohort, as well as with ΔSUV\(_{maxall}\) (r = 0.51, p = 0.01) in the RLT cohort. (4) Conclusion: Response assessment using PSMA-TV with a reduced number of lesions is feasible, and may allow for a simplified evaluation process for PSMA PET/CT. KW - PET/CT KW - PSMA-TV KW - SUV KW - prostate cancer KW - taxane KW - radioligand therapy Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-271191 SN - 2079-7737 VL - 11 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Meyer, Philipp T. A1 - Ruf, Juri A1 - Michalski, Kerstin T1 - Development of Discordant Hypermetabolic Prostate Cancer Lesions in the Course of [\(^{177}\)Lu]PSMA Radioligand Therapy and Their Possible Influence on Patient Outcome JF - Cancers N2 - Simple Summary Discordant FDG-positive but PSMA-negative (FDG+/PSMA−) metastases constitute a negative prognostic marker of overall survival in patients undergoing PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). The aim of this analysis was to investigate the prognostic implications of new FDG+/PSMA− lesions, which occur during or after PSMA RLT. In a retrospective bicentric analysis of 32 patients undergoing PSMA RLT and follow-up dual tracer staging with PSMA and FDG PET/CT, FDG+/PSMA− lesions occurred in a limited number of patients. However, the presence of FDG+/PSMA− lesions appears not to have a significant impact on the OS, but further studies are needed to establish the clinical relevance of such lesions. Abstract Introduction: Positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PET/CT) targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is crucial for the assessment of adequate PSMA expression in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) prior to PSMA radioligand therapy (PSMA RLT). Moreover, initial dual tracer staging using combined PSMA and [\(^{18}\)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT provides relevant information, since discordant FDG-positive but PSMA-negative (FDG+/PSMA−) lesions constitute a negative prognostic marker of overall survival (OS) after PSMA RLT. However, little is known about the prognostic implications of dual tracer imaging for restaging at follow-up. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the prognostic implications of new FDG+/PSMA− lesions during or after PSMA RLT. Methods: This bicentric analysis included 32 patients with mCRPC who underwent both FDG and PSMA PET/CT imaging after two or four cycles of PSMA RLT. Patients with FDG+/PSMA− lesions prior to PSMA RLT were not considered. The presence of FDG+/PSMA− lesions was assessed with follow-up dual tracer imaging of patients after two or four cycles of PSMA RLT. Patients with at least one new FDG+/PSMA− lesion were compared to patients without any FDG+/PSMA− lesions at the respective time points. A log-rank analysis was used to assess the difference in OS between subgroups. Results: After two cycles of PSMA RLT, four of 32 patients (13%) had FDG+/PSMA− metastases. No significant difference in OS was observed (p = 0.807), as compared to patients without FDG+/PSMA− lesions. Follow-up dual tracer imaging after the 4th cycle of PSMA RLT was available in 18 patients. Of these, four patients presented with FDG+/PSMA− findings (n = 2 already after two cycles). After the fourth cycle of PSMA RLT, no significant difference in OS was observed between patients with and without FDG+/PSMA− lesions (p = 0.442). Conclusion: This study shows that FDG+/PSMA− lesions develop in a limited number of patients undergoing PSMA RLT. Further studies are needed to establish the clinical relevance of such lesions. KW - PSMA KW - FDG KW - PET/CT KW - prostate cancer KW - radioligand therapy Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245168 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 13 IS - 17 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Weinzierl, Franz-Xaver A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Schirbel, Andreas A1 - Rowe, Steven P. A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. T1 - Baseline clinical characteristics predict overall survival in patients undergoing radioligand therapy with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T during long-term follow-up JF - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging N2 - Background Radioligand therapy (RLT) with \(^{177}\)Lu-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands is associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). A substantial number of patients, however, are prone to treatment failure. We aimed to determine clinical baseline characteristics to predict OS in patients receiving [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T RLT in a long-term follow-up. Materials and methods Ninety-two mCRPC patients treated with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T with a follow-up of at least 18 months were retrospectively identified. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed for various baseline characteristics, including laboratory values, Gleason score, age, prior therapies, and time interval between initial diagnosis and first treatment cycle (interval\(_{Diagnosis-RLT}\), per 12 months). Cutoff values for significant predictors were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. ROC-derived thresholds were then applied to Kaplan–Meier analyses. Results Baseline C-reactive protein (CRP; hazard ratio [HR], 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.18; P = 0.01), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; HR, 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.11; P = 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; HR, 1.16, 95% CI 1.06–1.26; P = 0.001), and interval\(_{Diagnosis-RLT}\) (HR, 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.99; P = 0.02) were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS. The following respective ROC-based thresholds were determined: CRP, 0.98 mg/dl (area under the curve [AUC], 0.80); LDH, 276.5 U/l (AUC, 0.83); AST, 26.95 U/l (AUC, 0.73); and interval\(_{Diagnosis-RLT}\), 43.5 months (AUC, 0.68; P < 0.01, respectively). Respective Kaplan–Meier analyses demonstrated a significantly longer median OS of patients with lower CRP, lower LDH, and lower AST, as well as prolonged interval\(_{Diagnosis-RLT}\) (P ≤ 0.01, respectively). Conclusion In mCRPC patients treated with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T, baseline CRP, LDH, AST, and time interval until RLT initiation (thereby reflecting a possible indicator for tumor aggressiveness) are independently associated with survival. Our findings are in line with previous findings on [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA-617, and we believe that these clinical baseline characteristics may support the nuclear medicine specialist to identify long-term survivors. KW - PSMA KW - prostate cancer KW - [177Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T KW - radioligand therapy KW - overall survival KW - prediction Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324573 VL - 49 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Weinzierl, Franz-Xaver A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Rowe, Steven P. A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Schirbel, Andreas A1 - Essler, Markus A1 - Bundschuh, Ralph A. A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. T1 - Matched-pair analysis of [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T and [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer JF - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging N2 - Background Labelled with lutetium-177, the urea-based small molecules PSMA I&T and PSMA-617 are the two agents most frequently used for radioligand therapy (RLT) in patients with advanced metastatic castration-resistant and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expressing prostate cancer (mCRPC). In this matched-pair analysis, we aimed to compare the toxicity and efficacy of both agents for PSMA-directed RLT. Materials and methods A total of 110 mCRPC patients from two centres were accrued, 55 individuals treated with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T, and a matched cohort of 55 patients treated with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA-617. Matching criteria included age at the first cycle, Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values, and previous taxane-based chemotherapy. Using common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE v. 5.0), toxicity profiles were investigated (including bone marrow and renal toxicity). Overall survival (OS) between both groups was compared. Results Toxicity assessment revealed grade III anaemia in a single patient (1.8%) for [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T and five (9.1%) for [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA-617. In addition, one (1.9%) grade III thrombopenia for [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 was recorded. Apart from that, no other grade III/IV toxicities were present. A median OS of 12 months for patients treated with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T did not differ significantly when compared to patients treated with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 (median OS, 13 months; P = 0.89). Conclusion In this matched-pair analysis of patients receiving one of the two agents most frequently applied for PSMA RLT, the rate of clinically relevant toxicities was low for both compounds. In addition, no relevant differences for OS were observed. KW - PSMA I&T KW - PSMA-617 KW - prostate-specific membrane antigen KW - prostate cancer KW - radioligand therapy KW - matched pair Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324581 VL - 49 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Weinzierl, Franz-Xaver A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Essler, Markus A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Bundschuh, Ralph A. T1 - Any decline in prostate-specific antigen levels identifies survivors scheduled for prostate-specific membrane antigen-directed radioligand therapy JF - The Prostate N2 - Background Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) is increasingly incorporated in the therapeutic algorithm of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We aimed to elucidate the predictive performance of early biochemical response for overall survival (OS). Materials and Methods In this bicentric analysis, we included 184 mCRPC patients treated with \(^{177}\)Lu-PSMA RLT. Response to treatment was defined as decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels 8 weeks after the first cycle of RLT (any decline or >50% according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 3). OS of responders and nonresponders was then compared using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank comparison. Results A total of 114/184 patients (62.0%) showed any PSA decline (PSA response >50%, 55/184 [29.9%]). For individuals exhibiting a PSA decline >50%, OS of 19 months was significantly longer relative to nonresponders (13 months; hazard ratio of death [HR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.44–0.93; p = 0.02). However, the difference was even more pronounced for any PSA decline, with an OS of 19 months in responders, but only 8 months in nonresponders (HR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.25–0.60; p < 0.001). Conclusions In mCRPC patients scheduled for RLT, early biochemical response was tightly linked to prolonged survival, irrespective of the magnitude of PSA decline. As such, even in patients with PSA decrease of less than 50%, RLT should be continued. KW - prostate cancer KW - theranostics KW - PSMA‐617 KW - PSA response KW - PSMA I&T Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-318766 VL - 82 IS - 14 SP - 1406 EP - 1412 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Weinzierl, Franz-Xaver A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Pomper, Martin G. A1 - Rowe, Steven P. A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro A1 - Seitz, Anna Katharina A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. T1 - Hematotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in prostate cancer patients undergoing radioligand therapy with [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T JF - Cancers N2 - (1) Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed radioligand therapy (RLT) has shown remarkable results in patients with advanced prostate cancer. We aimed to evaluate the toxicity profile of the PSMA ligand [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T. (2) Methods: 49 patients with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with at least three cycles of [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T were evaluated. Prior to and after RLT, we compared leukocytes, hemoglobin, platelet counts, and renal functional parameters (creatinine, eGFR, n = 49; [\(^{99m}\)Tc]-MAG3-derived tubular extraction rate (TER), n = 42). Adverse events were classified according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 and KDIGO Society. To identify predictive factors, we used Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. (3) Results: A substantial fraction of the patients already showed impaired renal function and reduced leukocyte counts at baseline. Under RLT, 11/49 (22%) patients presented with nephrotoxicity CTCAE I or II according to creatinine, but 33/49 (67%) according to eGFR. Only 5/42 (13%) showed reduced TER, defined as <70% of the age-adjusted mean normal values. Of all renal functional parameters, absolute changes of only 2% were recorded. CTCAE-based re-categorization was infrequent, with creatinine worsening from I to II in 2/49 (4.1%; GFR, 1/49 (2%)). Similar results were recorded for KDIGO (G2 to G3a, 1/49 (2%); G3a to G3b, 2/49 (4.1%)). After three cycles, follow-up eGFR correlated negatively with age (r = −0.40, p = 0.005) and the eGFR change with Gleason score (r = −0.35, p < 0.05) at baseline. Leukocytopenia CTCAE II occurred only in 1/49 (2%) (CTCAE I, 20/49 (41%)) and CTCAE I thrombocytopenia in 7/49 (14%), with an absolute decrease of 15.2% and 16.6% for leukocyte and platelet counts. Anemia CTCAE II occurred in 10/49 (20%) (CTCAE I, 36/49 (73%)) with a decrease in hemoglobin of 4.7%. (4) Conclusions: After PSMA-targeted therapy using [\(^{177}\)Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T, no severe (CTCAE III/IV) toxicities occurred, thereby demonstrating that serious adverse renal or hematological events are unlikely to be a frequent phenomenon with this agent. KW - PSMA KW - radioligand therapy KW - RLT KW - \(^{177}\)Lu KW - nephrotoxicity KW - hematotoxicity KW - CTCAE Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-254825 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 14 IS - 3 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hofmann, Stefanie T1 - Diagnostik vor organerhaltender (nephron sparing) Nierentumorchirurgie in Würzburg - Ergebnisse von 1997 bis 2002 T1 - Diagnostics before nephron sparing surgery in wuerzburg - results from 1997 to 2002 N2 - Bei fehlender Chemotherapie- und Strahlensensibilität stellt die Operation derzeit die einzige kurative Therapie des Nierenzellkarzinoms (NZK) dar. Dabei konnte die organerhaltende Nierentumorexstirpation sich in den letzten Jahren auch bei elektiven Indikationsstellungen zunehmend etablieren und gilt bei kleinen organbegrenzten NZK inzwischen als Methode der Wahl, auch wenn über Effektivität und Sicherheit hinsichtlich Tumorkontrolle und Patientenüberleben weiterhin diskutiert wird. Die radikale Tumornephrektomie bleibt den fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien vorbehalten. Retrospektiv zeigt sich, dass nur dann gleichwertige onkologische Ergebnisse bei der organerhaltenden Nierentumorchirurgie im Vergleich zur radikalen Nephrektomie erzielt werden können, wenn präoperativ die Selektion eines geeigneten Patientenkollektivs erfolgt. Welche Parameter hierbei vorwiegend entscheidend waren, wurde anhand unseres Patientengutes (auch im Vergleich mit aktuellen Literaturdaten) ausgewertet. Gerade bei elektiven Fällen ist nicht zuletzt durch das Fehlen objektiver Kriterien die Grenze zwischen radikaler Tumornephrektomie und organerhaltender Nierentumorexstirpation fliessend. Oftmals ist hier im Rahmen der präoperativen Analyse eine multifaktorielle Einschätzung des einzelnen Patienten erforderlich. Besonders im Fokus stand bei der Auswertung die präoperative bildgebende Diagnostik, der bei der Indikationsstellung zugunsten einer radikalen Nephrektomie respektive einer nierenerhaltenden Tumorentfernung eine entscheidende Rolle zukommt. Ziel dieser Dissertation war es zu beurteilen, ob die präoperative Diagnostik als sichere Grundlage bei der Entscheidung der Operationstechnik gesehen werden kann und welche Nachteile aus onkologischer als auch nephrologischer Sicht jeweils bei organerhaltender Nierentumorexstirpation und radikaler Tumornephrektomie resultieren. N2 - Due to missing response to chemotherapy and radiation, surgery is the only curative treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this context nephron sparing surgery (NSS) has been increasingly established in the last years for elective indications as well and be regarded as the method of choice for small organ-limited RCC, even if efficacy and safety concerning tumor control and patient survival are still under discussion. Radical nephrektomy (RN) is reserved for advanced tumor stages. Retrospectively it shows up that equivalent oncological results can only be achieved for NSS in comparison to RN, if a selection of a suitable patient collective takes place preoperatively. In this context we evaluated, which parameters were predominantly decisive on the basis of our patient collective as well as on the basis of current literature data. Especially for elective cases the transition between radical nephrektomy and nephron sparing surgery is smooth because of the absence of objective criteria. In the context of the preoperative analysis, a multifactorial assessment of the individual patient is often necessary. The focus of the analysis was the preoperative imaging diagnostics, which is most important for planning the surgical approach. The aim of this thesis was to analyse whether the preoperative diagnostics can be seen as a safe basis for decision-making of the surgical technique and which disadvantages result from NSS versus RN from the oncological and the nephrological point of view respectively. KW - Nephrektomie KW - Ektomie KW - Diagnostik KW - Bildgebendes Verfahren KW - Hypernephrom KW - Nierenzellkarzinom KW - pT1-Stadien KW - organerhaltende Nierentumorchirurgie KW - präoperative Patientenselektion KW - Komorbiditäten KW - renal cel carcinoma KW - localized tumor stages KW - nephron sparing surgery KW - preoperative patient selection KW - imaging diagnostics Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-36980 ER - TY - THES A1 - Horn, Johannes T1 - Behandlungsergebnisse und Vergleich der Harnableitungsverfahren von exenterativen Eingriffen bei nicht-urothelialen Malignomen T1 - Treatment results and comparison of urinary diversions post pelvic exenterations for non-urothelial cancers N2 - Die Zielsetzung dieser Studie ist, die operativen Daten, die Folgen, die Komplikationen, die Langzeit-Nierenfunktion und das Überleben der pelvinen Exenteration retrospektiv zu analysieren. Es wurde eine Gegenüberstellung der Behandlungsergebnisse von inkontinenten mit kontinenten Harnableitungen durchgeführt, um das aufwendigere Verfahren der kontinenten Form kritisch betrachten zu können. Im Zeitraum von 1992 bis 2013 wurden 64 Exenterationen in der Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie der Universität Würzburg aufgrund nicht-urothelialer Malignome durchgeführt. Das mediane Alter des gesamten Patientenkollektivs lag bei 65 Jahren. Hierunter befanden sich 50 vordere und 14 komplette Exenterationen. Eine Harnableitung durch Anlage der inkontinenten Form erfolgte in 39 und durch Anlage der kontinenten Form in 25 Fällen. Das breite Spektrum der Malignomentitäten des gesamten Kollektivs umfasste nicht-urotheliale Malignome der Zervix, des Uterus, der Vulva, der Prostata, der Harnblase und des Darms. Bei 24 Patienten (37,5%) gelang keine R0-Resektion, und bei 18 Patienten (28,1%) konnte ein Lymphknotenbefall nachgewiesen werden. Die Frühkomplikationsrate betrug 58,8%. In einem Zeitraum von 365 Tagen nach Exenteration lag der mediane Clavien-Wert bei 2 Punkten. Die perioperative Sterblichkeit lag bei 0% und die Tumorprogressionsrate bei 48,4%. Die Analyse des Überlebens ergab eine mediane Gesamtüberlebenszeit von 30 Monaten und eine 5-Jahres-Gesamtüberlebensrate von 42,7% über das gesamte Kollektiv hinweg. Die tumorspezifische 5-JahresÜberlebensrate betrug 55,6%, und eine R0-Resektion erwies sich als hochsignifikante Einflussgröße bezüglich der tumorspezifischen Überlebenszeit. Ein signifikanter Einfluss des Lymphknotenbefalls konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Der Einfluss der Komorbidität erwies sich als noch geringer. Die beiden Kollektive der Harnableitungsformen unterschieden sich signifikant in Komorbiditätsgrad, OP-Dauer, Hospitalisierungszeit und bezüglich der Harnableitungskomplikationen. Die Unterschiede der Komorbidität und der OP-Dauer waren sogar hochsignifikant. Dabei wiesen die Patienten mit Anlage eines kontinenten Verfahrens eine niedrigere Komorbidität, eine längere OP-Dauer, eine längere Hospitalisierungszeit und prozentual mehr Komplikationen bezüglich der Harnableitung auf. Weitere wichtige Parameter, in denen sich die Kollektive geringfügig unterschieden, waren das Alter und die ASA-Klassifikation. Das Kollektiv mit Anlage einer kontinenten Form war jünger und zeigte einen kleineren Wert bezüglich der präoperativen Risikoeinschätzung. Diese Parameter unterschieden sich jedoch nicht signifikant voneinander. Die inkontinente Harnableitung zeigte einen etwas höheren Anteil an weiter fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien, und nur in diesem Kollektiv lagen präoperativ Metastasen vor. Bei den Früh- und Spätkomplikationen konnte kein nennenswerter Unterschied zwischen den beiden Kollektiven nachgewiesen werden. Nur um wenige Prozentpunkte war die Frühkomplikationsrate der inkontinenten Form (61,3%) höher als die der kontinenten (55,0%). Um den Schweregrad der Komplikationen miteinzubeziehen, wurde der mediane Clavien-Wert aller Komplikationen innerhalb von 365 Tagen erfasst. Er betrug in beiden Kollektiven 2 Punkte. Bei der Analyse des Überlebens zeigte sich, dass das Kollektiv mit Anlage einer kontinenten Form eine knapp über dem Signifikanzlevel höhere Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit sowohl bezüglich der gesamten als auch der progressionsfreien Überlebenszeit im Vergleich zu den inkontinenten Verfahren aufwies. Allerdings waren die Unterschiede nicht signifikant und beide Gruppen heterogen bezüglich des Alters, der Komorbidität, den Tumorstadien und den Malignomentitäten. Die vorliegende Studie kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass R0-Resektionen bei exenterativen Eingriffen eine essentielle Voraussetzung für das langfristige tumorspezifische Überleben darstellen. In beiden Kollektiven der verschiedenen Harnableitungen zeigte sich kein bedeutsamer Unterschied bezüglich der Komplikationen. Die geringere OP-Dauer und die geringere Anzahl an Komplikationen mit der Harnableitung sprechen für das inkontinente Verfahren. Die Überlebensraten zeigten bessere Ergebnisse für die kontinente Form, jedoch waren die Unterschiede nicht signifikant. Dennoch ist eine Bevorzugung des kontinenten Verfahrens, wenn es technisch möglich und onkologisch vertretbar ist, nach intensiver Beratung und unter Berücksichtigung des Zustandes sowie der Wünsche des Patienten durchaus gerechtfertigt. Aufgrund des nichtrandomisierten retrospektiven Charakters dieser Studie, die 2 heterogene Kollektive vergleicht, sollten idealerweise prospektiv angelegte Studien mit größerer Patientenanzahl in der Zukunft klären, ob die hier gefundenen Ergebnisse generelle Gültigkeit haben. N2 - The objective of this study was to analyze the operative data, in order to determine the consequences, complications, renal function and survival rate of pelvic exenterations. The comparison of incontinent and continent urinary diversions took place to critically examine the complex procedure of the continent diversion. From 1992 to 2013, 64 exenterations were performed for non-urothelial cancers. The median age of the patients was 65 years. Incontinent urinary diversions were performed on 39 patients and continent urinary diversions on 25 patients. The wide range of different cancer types included non-urothelial cancers of the cervix, uterus, vulva, prostate, bladder and colon. The complication rate during the first 30 days was 58.8%. The median Clavien classification 365 days after the exenteration was 2 points, the perioperative mortality was 0%, and the tumor progression rate was 48.4%. Mortality revealed a median overall survival of 30 months and a 5-year overall survival rate of 42.7%. The cancer specific 5-year survival rate was 55.6% and R0 resection proved to be a significant influence on the cancer specific survival time. No significant influence of the lymph node status could be detected. No significant influence of comorbidities was detected either. The group of incontinent and continent urinary diversions differed significantly in comorbidities, operative time, hospital stay and complications stemming from the urinary diversion. The differences in comorbidity and operative time were highly significant. The patients with a continent urinary diversion showed lower comorbidity rates, longer operative time, longer hospital stay and more complications stemming from the urinary diversion. The mean age and the ASA classification were not significantly different. The patients with the continent urinary diversion were younger and showed a lower ASA classification. The patients, who received incontinent urinary diversions showed more advanced cancer stages. Metastases were only seen in the group receiving incontinent urinary diversion. No differences could be seen in early and late complications between the two groups. The complication rate within the first 30 days of the incontinent diversion group (61.3%) was only a few percentage points higher than that of the continent diversion group (55.0%). The Clavien classification of all complications were recorded to include the severity of the complications 365 days post procedure. Both groups showed 2 points. Analysis of mortality showed that the continent diversion group had a higher survival rate. In the overall and disease-free survival the difference was just above the significance level. This study concluded that R0 resections are an essential prerequisite for long-term cancer-specific survival in pelvic exenterations. Both the incontinent diversion group and continent diversion group showed no differences in complication rates. The incontinent urinary diversion group demonstrated a shorter operation time and fewer complications stemming from the urinary diversion. The continent urinary diversion group demonstrated a slightly better survival rate, but not a significant one. The continent urinary diversion procedure can be justified through intense review with the patient, if it is technically possible and acceptable from an oncological perspective. To determine if these results are generally valid, prospective studies with a larger number of patients should be done. KW - Harnableitung KW - Exenteration KW - Kontinenzplastik KW - Dünndarmblase KW - Gebärmutterhalskrebs KW - Harnableitungsverfahren KW - Ileum-Konduit KW - Ileozökalpouch KW - Zystektomie KW - Prostatakarzinome KW - urinary diversion KW - pelvic exenteration KW - pouch KW - survival KW - cystectomy Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-169199 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johanssen, Sarah A1 - Hahner, Stefanie A1 - Saeger, Wolfgang A1 - Quinkler, Marcus A1 - Beuschlein, Felix A1 - Dralle, Henning A1 - Haaf, Michaela A1 - Kroiss, Matthias A1 - Jurowich, Christian A1 - Langer, Peter A1 - Oelkers, Wolfgang A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Willenberg, Holger S. A1 - Maeder, Uwe A1 - Allolio, Bruno A1 - Fassnacht, Martin T1 - Deficits in the Management of Patients With Adrenocortical Carcinoma in Germany N2 - Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Often, the physicians who first treat patients with ACC have no prior experience with the disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of medical care for patients with ACC in Germany. Methods: Data from the German ACC registry were analyzed with regard to the patients’ preoperative diagnostic evaluation, histopathological reporting, and clinical followup. The findings were compared with the recommendations of the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENSAT). Results: Data were analyzed from 387 patients who had been given an initial diagnosis of ACC in the years 1998 to 2009. 21% of them underwent no hormonal evaluation before surgery, and 59% underwent an inadequate hormonal evaluation. This exposed the patients to unnecessary perioperative risks and impaired their follow-up. 48% did not undergo CT scanning of the chest, even though the lungs are the most frequent site of metastases of ACC. For 13% of the patients, the diagnosis of ACC was later revised by a reference pathologist. For 11% of the patients, the histopathology report contained no information about resection status, even though this is an important determinant of further treatment and prognosis. Optimal management requires re-staging at three-month intervals, yet some patients underwent re-staging only after a longer delay, or not at all. Conclusion: We have identified significant deficits in the care of patients with ACC in Germany. We suspect that the situation is similar for other rare diseases. The prerequisite to better care is close and early cooperation of the treating physicians with specialized centers. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-85897 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jordan, Martin C. A1 - Bröer, David A1 - Fischer, Christian A1 - Heilig, Philipp A1 - Gilbert, Fabian A1 - Hölscher-Doht, Stefanie A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Popp, Kevin A1 - Grunz, Jan-Peter A1 - Huflage, Henner A1 - Jakubietz, Rafael G. A1 - Ergün, Süleyman A1 - Meffert, Rainer H. T1 - Development and preclinical evaluation of a cable-clamp fixation device for a disrupted pubic symphysis JF - Communications Medicine N2 - Background Traumatic separation of the pubic symphysis can destabilize the pelvis and require surgical fixation to reduce symphyseal gapping. The traditional approach involves open reduction and the implantation of a steel symphyseal plate (SP) on the pubic bone to hold the reposition. Despite its widespread use, SP-fixation is often associated with implant failure caused by screw loosening or breakage. Methods To address the need for a more reliable surgical intervention, we developed and tested two titanium cable-clamp implants. The cable served as tensioning device while the clamp secured the cable to the bone. The first implant design included a steel cable anterior to the pubic symphysis to simplify its placement outside the pelvis, and the second design included a cable encircling the pubic symphysis to stabilize the anterior pelvic ring. Using highly reproducible synthetic bone models and a limited number of cadaver specimens, we performed a comprehensive biomechanical study of implant stability and evaluated surgical feasibility. Results We were able to demonstrate that the cable-clamp implants provide stability equivalent to that of a traditional SP-fixation but without the same risks of implant failure. We also provide detailed ex vivo evaluations of the safety and feasibility of a trans-obturator surgical approach required for those kind of fixation. Conclusion We propose that the developed cable-clamp fixation devices may be of clinical value in treating pubic symphysis separation. KW - pubic symphysis KW - cable-clamp implants KW - SP-fixation Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-299800 VL - 2 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Schwinger, Marcel A1 - Kocot, Arkadius A1 - Riedmiller, Hubertus T1 - Troubleshooting of failed continence mechanisms in the ileocecal pouch: Operative technique and long-term results of the intussuscepted ileal nipple valve JF - International Journal of Urology N2 - Objectives To provide a detailed step-by-step operative technique, and to report on long-term functional and metabolic outcomes in secondary continence mechanisms in the form of secondary intussuscepted ileal nipple valves in revisional surgery of ileocecal pouches. Methods From May 1997 to May 2015, 18 female and 10 male patients suffering from dysfunctional primary continence mechanisms of their ileocecal pouch underwent revisonal surgery to create a secondary ileal nipple valve at our tertiary referral center. The average follow-up period was 65.4 months. Results After surgery, 24 patients were continent by day and night, and four patients showed minor incontinence with the use of a safety pad. The average frequency of clean intermittent catheterization decreased both during the day and at night. The diameter of the catheters used for clean intermittent catheterization increased significantly. No patient showed stomal stenosis, change of stool habits or metabolic situation in the follow-up period. Furthermore, the creation of the secondary ileal nipple valves did not affect the capacity of the reservoir. In the long-term follow up, two patients required the construction of a third continence mechanism, making for an overall success rate of 92% in the study group. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study of long-term results after the creation of secondary ileal nipple valves. We provide evidence that the creation of a secondary ileal nipple valve is a safe and reliable procedure for continence restoration in ileocecal pouches with excellent functional and metabolic long-term outcomes. KW - revisional surgery KW - continence mechanism KW - continent cutaneous urinary diversion KW - MAINZPouch KW - pouch Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-259431 VL - 28 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiener, Mirjam A1 - Chen, Lanpeng A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Grosjean, Joȅl A1 - Klima, Irena A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Riedmiller, Hubertus A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Thalmann, George N. A1 - Snaar-Jagalska, Ewa A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Kruithof-de Julio, Marianna A1 - Zoni, Eugenio T1 - miR-221-5p regulates proliferation and migration in human prostate cancer cells and reduces tumor growth in vivo JF - BMC Cancer N2 - Background Despite latest advances in prostate cancer (PCa) therapy, PCa remains the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in European men. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules with gene expression regulatory function, has been reported in all types of epithelial and haematological cancers. In particular, miR-221-5p alterations have been reported in PCa. Methods miRNA expression data was retrieved from a comprehensive publicly available dataset of 218 PCa patients (GSE21036) and miR-221-5p expression levels were analysed. The functional role of miR-221-5p was characterised in androgen- dependent and androgen- independent PCa cell line models (C4–2 and PC-3M-Pro4 cells) by miR-221-5p overexpression and knock-down experiments. The metastatic potential of highly aggressive PC-3M-Pro4 cells overexpressing miR-221-5p was determined by studying extravasation in a zebrafish model. Finally, the effect of miR-221-5p overexpression on the growth of PC-3M-Pro4luc2 cells in vivo was studied by orthotopic implantation in male Balb/cByJ nude mice and assessment of tumor growth. Results Analysis of microRNA expression dataset for human primary and metastatic PCa samples and control normal adjacent benign prostate revealed miR-221-5p to be significantly downregulated in PCa compared to normal prostate tissue and in metastasis compared to primary PCa. Our in vitro data suggest that miR-221-5p overexpression reduced PCa cell proliferation and colony formation. Furthermore, miR-221-5p overexpression dramatically reduced migration of PCa cells, which was associated with differential expression of selected EMT markers. The functional changes of miR-221-5p overexpression were reversible by the loss of miR-221-5p levels, indicating that the tumor suppressive effects were specific to miR-221-5p. Additionally, miR-221-5p overexpression significantly reduced PC-3M-Pro4 cell extravasation and metastasis formation in a zebrafish model and decreased tumor burden in an orthotopic mouse model of PCa. Conclusions Together these data strongly support a tumor suppressive role of miR-221-5p in the context of PCa and its potential as therapeutic target. KW - prostate cancer KW - miR-221-5p KW - proliferation KW - migration KW - tumor suppressor miRNA Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325762 VL - 19 ER - TY - THES A1 - Klier, Anne Marlene T1 - Langzeitergebnisse der offenen Harnröhrenrekonstruktion (End-zu-End-Anastomose und Mundschleimhaut-Urethroplastik): Eine retrospektive, statistische Analyse. T1 - Long-term results of the open urethra reconstruction (End-to-End-anastomosis and Buccal mucosa urethroplasty): A retrospective, statistical analysis. N2 - Eine retrospektive, statistische Analyse über die funktionellen Ergebnisse offener Harnröhrenrekonstruktionen am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg in den Jahren 1997 bis 2008. Speziell die Techniken der End-zu-End-Anastomose und des Mundschleimhaut-Transplantats mit insgesamt 161 Patienten. Bewertung der Ergebnisse der einzelnen Techniken hinsichtlich Erfolgsquote, Komplikationen und Rezidivhäufigkeit einer Striktur. N2 - A retrospective, statistical analysis of the functional results of the open urethra reconstruction at the University Hospital of Würzburg between 1997 and 2008. In particular the techniques of End-to-End-anastomosis and Buccal mucosa urethroplasty have been evaluated based on a sample of 161 patients with regard to success rate, complications and frequency of restricture. KW - Harnröhrenstriktur KW - Harnröhrenverengung KW - Harnröhrenrekonstruktion KW - End-zu-End-Anastomose KW - Mundschleimhaut-Transplantation KW - Stricture of the urethra KW - Reconstruction of the urethra KW - End-to-end-anastomosis KW - Buccal mucosa graft Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-191482 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Joniau, Steven A1 - Lerut, Evelyne A1 - Burger, Maximilian A1 - Scholz, Claus-Jürgen A1 - Kneitz, Susanne A1 - Riedmiller, Hubertus T1 - MiR-205 Is Progressively Down-Regulated in Lymph Node Metastasis but Fails as a Prognostic Biomarker in High-Risk Prostate Cancer JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences N2 - The treatment of high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa) is a tremendous challenge for uro-oncologists. The identification of predictive moleculobiological markers allowing risk assessment of lymph node metastasis and systemic progression is essential in establishing effective treatment. In the current study, we investigate the prognostic potential of miR-205 in HRPCa study and validation cohorts, setting defined clinical endpoints for both. We demonstrate miR-205 to be significantly down-regulated in over 70% of the HRPCa samples analysed and that reconstitution of miR-205 causes inhibition of proliferation and invasiveness in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. Additionally, miR-205 is increasingly down-regulated in lymph node metastases compared to the primary tumour indicating that miR-205 plays a role in migration of PCa cells from the original location into extraprostatic tissue. Nevertheless, down-regulation of miR-205 in primary PCa was not correlated to the synchronous presence of metastasis and failed to predict the outcome for HRPCa patients. Moreover, we found a tendency for miR-205 up-regulation to correlate with an adverse outcome of PCa patients suggesting a pivotal role of miR-205 in tumourigenesis. Overall, we showed that miR-205 is involved in the development and metastasis of PCa, but failed to work as a useful clinical biomarker in HRPCa. These findings might have implications for the use of miR-205 as a prognostic or therapeutic target in HRPCa. KW - high-risk prostate cancer KW - microRNA KW - miR-205 KW - prognosis KW - biomarker Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-97321 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kotlyar, Michael T1 - Prognostische Rolle von microRNA-21, -126 und -221 im klarzelligen Nierenzellkarzinom mit Vena cava-Thrombus T1 - Prognostic Role of miR-21, miR-126 and miR-221 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma with Tumor Thrombus of the Inferior Vena Cava N2 - Im Rahmen der Progression des klarzelligen Nierenzellkarzinoms kann es zur Invasion der Vena cava durch einen Tumorthrombus (ccRCC/TT) kommen. Allerdings besteht auch in diesem fortgeschrittenen Stadium eine deutliche Heterogenität bezüglich des klinischen Verlaufs. Während sich mit bekannten Verfahren die Prognose bislang unzureichend vorhersagen ließ, gelang es in Vorarbeiten mittels im Tumorgewebe erfasster miRNA-Expressionen, ein Überlebensklassifikationsmodell auf Basis eines Kombinierten Risikoscores (miR-21, miR-126, miR-221) zu konzipieren. Hierdurch konnte das postoperative Überleben von ccRCC/TT Patienten des Würzburger Universitätsklinikums retrospektiv vorhergesagt werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit war es möglich, mit Hilfe molekularbiologischer und biostatistischer Methoden das vorbeschriebene Modell erfolgreich an einem unabhängigen, größeren Regensburger ccRCC/TT Patientenkollektiv zu validieren. Am Tumor verstorbene Patienten konnten erneut einer klinisch relevanten High-Risk-Gruppe bzw. einer prognostisch günstigeren Gruppe zugeordnet werden. MiR-21 und miR-126 waren erneut statistisch signifikant mit der Fernmetastasierung und dem tumorbedingten Versterben assoziiert. MiR-21 präsentierte sich sowohl in der am Tumor verstorbenen als auch in der fernmetastasierten Patientengruppe deutlich überexprimiert, während die Expression von miR-126 stark vermindert war. Die neu untersuchte miR-205 zeigte sich in der fernmetastasierten sowie nodal positiven Patientengruppe hochreguliert, ein geringer Zusammengang mit dem tumorbedingten Versterben konnte hergestellt werden. Im zweiten Ansatz gelang es relevante miRNA-Expressionsunterschiede zwischen Seren Würzburger ccRCC-Patienten mit und ohne Invasion des Gefäßsystems sowie tumorfreien Kontrollen zu identifizieren. Die langfristige Herausforderung besteht darin, das validierte Überlebensklassifikationsmodell derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass es supportive klinische Anwendung in der Therapieplanung finden kann. N2 - Advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava (ccRCC/TT) represents a clinical high-risk setting. However, there is substantial heterogeneity within this high-risk patient subgroup regarding the survival outcomes. Previously, members of our group developed a combined risk score (CRS) – containing tumor tissue miR-21, miR-126 and miR-221 expression – which allowed the retrospective prediction of postoperative cancer-specific survival (CSS) in ccRCC/TT patients. In the present study, we successfully validated the CRS within an independent, larger cohort of ccRCC/TT patients from Regensburg. The combined risk score significantly stratified the ccRCC/TT cohort according to CSS. MiR-21 and miR-126 expression were significantly associated with the development of distant metastasis during follow-up, lymphonodal status at the time of surgery and cancer-related death. The newly investigated miR-205 showed an upregulation in the subgroup with distant metastasis and lymph node involvement and was associated to cancer-related mortality. In a second approach we measured the expression levels of serum-miR-21, miR-126, miR-145 and miR-221 using qRT-PCR in a ccRCC patient cohort from Würzburg. In this examination significant relative expression differences were identified between sera of ccRCC patients with and without vascular invasion, as well as controls. Conclusion: In our retrospective analysis, we successfully validated the CRS within an independent ccRCC/TT cohort. KW - Hypernephrom KW - miRNS KW - Biomarker KW - Nierenkrebs KW - Ereignisdatenanalyse KW - Nierenzellkarzinom KW - miRNAs KW - Renal Cell Carcinoma KW - biomarker KW - miR-21 KW - miR-126 KW - miR-221 KW - risk stratification Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-321817 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kotlyar, Mischa J. A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Solimando, Antonio Giovanni A1 - Marquardt, André A1 - Burger, Maximilian A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Bargou, Ralf A1 - Kneitz, Susanne A1 - Otto, Wolfgang A1 - Breyer, Johannes A1 - Vergho, Daniel C. A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Kalogirou, Charis T1 - Critical evaluation of a microRNA-based risk classifier predicting cancer-specific survival in renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus of the inferior vena cava JF - Cancers N2 - (1) Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava (ccRCC\(^{IVC}\)) represents a clinical high-risk setting. However, there is substantial heterogeneity within this patient subgroup regarding survival outcomes. Previously, members of our group developed a microRNA(miR)-based risk classifier — containing miR-21-5p, miR-126-3p and miR-221-3p expression — which significantly predicted the cancer-specific survival (CSS) of ccRCC\(^{IVC}\) patients. (2) Methods: Examining a single-center cohort of tumor tissue from n = 56 patients with ccRCC\(^{IVC}\), we measured the expression levels of miR-21, miR-126, and miR-221 using qRT-PCR. The prognostic impact of clinicopathological parameters and miR expression were investigated via single-variable and multivariable Cox regression. Referring to the previously established risk classifier, we performed Kaplan–Meier analyses for single miR expression levels and the combined risk classifier. Cut-off values and weights within the risk classifier were taken from the previous study. (3) Results: miR-21 and miR-126 expression were significantly associated with lymphonodal status at the time of surgery, the development of metastasis during follow-up, and cancer-related death. In Kaplan–Meier analyses, miR-21 and miR-126 significantly impacted CSS in our cohort. Moreover, applying the miR-based risk classifier significantly stratified ccRCC\(^{IVC}\) according to CSS. (4) Conclusions: In our retrospective analysis, we successfully validated the miR-based risk classifier within an independent ccRCC\(^{IVC}\) cohort. KW - kidney cancer KW - RCC KW - venous infiltration KW - biomarker KW - miR KW - risk stratification Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-311040 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 15 IS - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Behrmann, Christoph A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Sokolakis, Ioannis A1 - Kneitz, Susanne A1 - Kruithof-de Julio, Marianna A1 - Zoni, Eugenio A1 - Rech, Anne A1 - Schilling, Bastian A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard T1 - miR-221 Augments TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by inducing endogenous TRAIL expression and targeting the functional repressors SOCS3 and PIK3R1 JF - BioMed Research International N2 - miR-221 is regarded as an oncogene in many malignancies, and miR-221-mediated resistance towards TRAIL was one of the first oncogenic roles shown for this small noncoding RNA. In contrast, miR-221 is downregulated in prostate cancer (PCa), thereby implying a tumour suppressive function. By using proliferation and apoptosis assays, we show a novel feature of miR-221 in PCa cells: instead of inducing TRAIL resistance, miR-221 sensitized cells towards TRAIL-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction. Partially responsible for this effect was the interferon-mediated gene signature, which among other things contained an endogenous overexpression of the TRAIL encoding gene TNFSF10. This TRAIL-friendly environment was provoked by downregulation of the established miR-221 target gene SOCS3. Moreover, we introduced PIK3R1 as a target gene of miR-221 in PCa cells. Proliferation assays showed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of SOCS3 and PIK3R1 mimicked the effect of miR-221 on TRAIL sensitivity. Finally, Western blotting experiments confirmed lower amounts of phospho-Akt after siRNA-mediated downregulation of PIK3R1 in PC3 cells. Our results further support the tumour suppressing role of miR-221 in PCa, since it sensitises PCa cells towards TRAIL by regulating the expression of the oncogenes SOCS3 and PIK3R1. Given the TRAIL-inhibiting effect of miR-221 in various cancer entities, our results suggest that the influence of miR-221 on TRAIL-mediated apoptosis is highly context- and entity-dependent. KW - Cancer Cell Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-202480 VL - 2019 ER - TY - THES A1 - Krebs, Markus Karl Ludwig T1 - microRNA-221 und ihr Einfluss auf Zytokin-vermittelte Signalwege im Hochrisiko-Karzinom der Prostata T1 - microRNA-221 and its influence on cytokine-mediated signaling pathways in high-risk prostate cancer N2 - Der klinische Verlauf von Prostatakarzinom(PCa)-Erkrankungen ist extrem unterschiedlich und lässt sich mit den bisher üblichen Verfahren wie der feingeweblichen Beurteilung der Prostatastanzbiopsie bzw. des OP-Präparates und der PSA-Wert-Bestimmung nur unzureichend vorhersagen. Für eine bessere Versorgung von PCa-Patienten sind deshalb neuartige Marker notwendig, die das individuelle Progressions-Risiko bestimmen. Ein hoffnungsvoller Ansatz sind miRNA-Vertreter als Prognose-Parameter. Besonders interessant in dieser Hinsicht ist miR-221, die im PCa-Gewebe signifikant niedriger exprimiert wird. Jedoch existieren für diese in den meisten Neoplasien als Onkogen betrachtete miRNA kaum Erklärungsansätze für eine tumorsuppressive Funktion im PCa. Die vorliegende Arbeit konnte mit Hilfe von Microarray-basierten Expressionsanalysen und deren bioinformatischer Auswertung sowie zell- und molekularbiologischen Experimenten erstmals zeigen, dass miR-221 das protektive Interferon-Signal in PCa-Zellen stärkt und auf diese Weise deren Proliferation hemmt. Daneben konnten zwei prominente Inhibitoren dieses Signals, IRF2 und SOCS3, als neue Zielgene von miR-221 in vitro nachgewiesen und eine Korrelation von miR-221 mit diesen Zielgenen auch in PCa-Nativmaterial identifiziert werden. Somit konnte erstmals ein Mechanismus der – vorher lediglich aufgrund der Herabregulation in PCa-Nativmaterial postulierten – tumorsuppressiven Funktion von miR-221 im Rahmen der PCa-Entstehung und -Progression dargestellt werden. Eine Aktivierung des JAK / STAT-vermittelten Interferon-Signals durch miR-221 erscheint auch in einem breiteren infektiologischen Kontext interessant – sind doch zahlreiche Virenarten wie das HI-Virus, Hepatitis- und Herpesviren in der Lage, die zelluläre miR-221-Expression zu vermindern und auf diese Weise wohl das antivirale Interferon-Signal zu umgehen. Die Erhöhung der zellulären miR-221-Spiegel könnte nach diesem Prinzip auch Interferon-basierte Therapie-Strategien unterstützen bzw. erst ermöglichen. Für das PCa müssen weitere experimentelle sowie klinisch-translationale Untersuchungen zeigen, ob miR-221 als Bestandteil einer Biomarker-Signatur dazu beiträgt, Patienten mit einem letalen PCa frühzeitig zu identifizieren und der dringend notwendigen Primärtherapie bzw. einer adjuvanten Behandlung zuzuführen. Im Gegenzug könnte zahlreichen Patienten, deren (hohe) miR-221-Expression im Tumorgewebe einen günstigeren Verlauf prognostiziert, die übermäßige Therapie erspart werden. N2 - The clinical course of prostate cancer (PCa) is extremely heterogeneous and cannot be predicted sufficiently with usual procedures such as histological examination of prostate biopsies and surgical specimen or determination of PSA values. For a better treatment of PCa patients, novel markers are necessary which predict individual progression risk. MicroRNAs are promising biomarker candidates and miR-221 – which is significantly downregulated in prostate cancer tissue – seems especially interesting. However, as this specific microRNA plays an oncogenic role in various malignancies, no potential tumor suppressive functions are known. By using Microarray-based gene expression analysis, bioinformatical algorithms, cell culture and molecular biology techniques, this thesis could show that miR-221 strengthens interferon signaling in PCa cells thereby serving as a tumor suppressor. Moreover, two prominent inhibitors of this signal, IRF2 and SOCS3, were introduced as new miR-221 target genes in vitro and a negative correlation of these targets and miR-221 was shown for PCa specimen. Altogether, this is the first miR-221-mediated mechanism fitting in with the previously postulated tumor suppressor role of miR-221 in PCa. An activation of JAK / STAT-mediated interferon signaling by miR-221 also seems interesting from an infectious diseases perspective. Several viruses like HIV and members of the Hepatitis and Herpes family are able to lower the cellular miR-221 expression, thereby possibly weakening the antiviral interferon signal. For PCa, further experimental as well as clinical-translational approaches have to determine whether miR-221 could be a part of a clinically relevant biomarker signature. This could help to identify and subsequently treat patients with a high-risk PCa, whereas many patients – with a prognostically favorable high miR-221 expression in tumor tissue – could be spared an overtreatment. KW - miRNS KW - Prostatakrebs KW - Interferon KW - microRNA-221 KW - Interferonsignal KW - Biomarker KW - Hochrisikokarzinom der Prostata Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-137644 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Solimando, Antonio Giovanni A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Marquardt, André A1 - Frank, Torsten A1 - Sokolakis, Ioannis A1 - Hatzichristodoulou, Georgios A1 - Kneitz, Susanne A1 - Bargou, Ralf A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Schilling, Bastian A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard T1 - miR-221-3p Regulates VEGFR2 Expression in High-Risk Prostate Cancer and Represents an Escape Mechanism from Sunitinib In Vitro JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Downregulation of miR-221-3p expression in prostate cancer (PCa) predicted overall and cancer-specific survival of high-risk PCa patients. Apart from PCa, miR-221-3p expression levels predicted a response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. Since this role of miR-221-3p was explained with a specific targeting of VEGFR2, we examined whether miR-221-3p regulated VEGFR2 in PCa. First, we confirmed VEGFR2/KDR as a target gene of miR-221-3p in PCa cells by applying Luciferase reporter assays and Western blotting experiments. Although VEGFR2 was mainly downregulated in the PCa cohort of the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database, VEGFR2 was upregulated in our high-risk PCa cohort (n = 142) and predicted clinical progression. In vitro miR-221-3p acted as an escape mechanism from TKI in PC3 cells, as displayed by proliferation and apoptosis assays. Moreover, we confirmed that Sunitinib induced an interferon-related gene signature in PC3 cells by analyzing external microarray data and by demonstrating a significant upregulation of miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p after Sunitinib exposure. Our findings bear a clinical perspective for high-risk PCa patients with low miR-221-3p levels since this could predict a favorable TKI response. Apart from this therapeutic niche, we identified a partially oncogenic function of miR-221-3p as an escape mechanism from VEGFR2 inhibition. KW - microRNA-221 KW - high-risk Prostate Cancer KW - angiogenesis KW - Sunitinib KW - Tyrosine kinase inhibition Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203168 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 9 IS - 3 ER - TY - THES A1 - Krieger, Andrea T1 - Die Bedeutung der Expression des IL-4 Rezeptors für die Prognosestellung beim lokal begrenzten Nierenzellkarzinom T1 - The impact of IL-4 receptor expression on the prognosis of localy confined renal cell carcinoma N2 - Es wurde nachgewiesen, daß Zellen des Nierenzellkarzinoms Interleukin-4 Rezeptoren exprimieren. Inwieweit dieser Umstand sich auf das biologische Verhalten des Tumors auswirkt, ist bislang jedoch nicht geklärt. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob es eine Korrelation zwischen dem Ausmaß der Expression von IL-4 Rezeptoren und der Prognose der Erkrankung gibt. 198 formalinfixierte und in Paraffin eingebettete Präparate von Nierenzellkarzinomen wurden immunhistochemisch aufgearbeitet und unter dem Lichtmikroskop ausgewertet. Mittels statistischer Tests wurden die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung auf einen möglichen Zusammenhang zur Überlebenszeit und rezidivfreien Zeit der erkrankten Patienten geprüft. Zusätzlich untersuchten wir die Ergebnisse auf eine mögliche Abhängigkeit der IL-4 Rezeptor Expression vom Tumorstadium und Malignitätsgrad der verwendeten Präparate. Sowohl Tumorstadium als auch Malignitätsgrad, beides anerkannte Prognosefaktoren beim Nierenzellkarzinom, zeigten dabei eine signifikante Korrelation zur Interleukin-4 Rezeptor Expression. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Expression von Interleukin-4 Rezeptoren und dem postoperativen Krankheitsverlauf konnte jedoch nicht nachgewiesen werden. N2 - It has been demonstrated that renal cell carcinomas express high levels of functional interleukin-4 receptor. However, the impact of IL-4 receptors on the tumor´s biological behaviour is not fully understood. We tried to figure out if there is a correlation between the expression of this receptor and the clinical outcome of the desease. Therefore we analysed 198 formalin fixed and paraffin embedded specimens of renal cell carcinoma immunohistochemically and correlated the results with survival and relapse of the desease. Although there has been a significant correlation between interluekin-4 receptor expression and tumor stage and grade, there was no correlation at all between receptor expression and outcome of the desease. KW - IL-4 Rezeptor KW - Nierenzellkarzinom KW - Prognosefaktor KW - IL-4 receptor KW - renal cell carcinoma KW - prognostic factor Y1 - 2002 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-5114 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kunath, Frank A1 - Krause, Steffen F. A1 - Wullich, Bernd A1 - Goebell, Peter J. A1 - Engehausen, Dirk G. A1 - Burger, Maximilian A1 - Meerpohl, Joerg J. A1 - Keck, Bastian T1 - Bladder cancer - the neglected tumor: a descriptive analysis of publications referenced in MEDLINE and data from the register clinicaltrials.gov JF - BMC Urology N2 - Background: Uro-oncological neoplasms have both a high incidence and mortality rate and are therefore a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate research activity in uro-oncology over the last decade. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov systematically for studies on prostatic, urinary bladder, kidney, and testicular neoplasms. The increase in newly published reports per year was analyzed using linear regression. The results are presented with 95% confidence intervals, and a p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The number of new publications per year increased significantly for prostatic, kidney and urinary bladder neoplasms (all <0.0001). We identified 1,885 randomized controlled trials (RCTs); also for RCTs, the number of newly published reports increased significantly for prostatic (p = 0.001) and kidney cancer (p = 0.005), but not for bladder (p = 0.09) or testicular (p = 0.44) neoplasms. We identified 3,114 registered uro-oncological studies in ClinicalTrials.gov. However, 85% of these studies are focusing on prostatic (45%) and kidney neoplasms (40%), whereas only 11% were registered for bladder cancers. Conclusions: While the number of publications on uro-oncologic research rises yearly for prostatic and kidney neoplasms, urothelial carcinomas of the bladder seem to be neglected despite their important clinical role. Clinical research on neoplasms of the urothelial bladder must be explicitly addressed and supported. KW - update KW - kidney neoplasms KW - prostatic neoplasms KW - randomized controlled trial KW - testicular neoplasms KW - surgery KW - journals KW - EAU guidelines KW - radical cystectomy KW - urinary bladder neoplasms KW - controlled clinical-trials Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122133 VL - 13 IS - 56 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kurz, Florian Peter T1 - Induktion der microRNA-205-Expression in Prostatakarzinomzellen durch Metformin über einen p53-abhängigen Mechanismus T1 - Induction of microRNA-205-expression in prostate carcinoma cells by metformin via a p53-dependent mechanism N2 - Das Biguanid Metformin besitzt in Prostatakarzinomzellen eine proliferationsinhibierende Wirkung unter anderem über die Aktivierung von p53, die eine Überexpression von microRNA-205 über einen direkten Induktionsmechanismus bewirkt. Somit konnte im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit microRNA-205 als Effektor der proliferationsinhibierenden Wirkung von Metformin im Prostatakarzinom identifiziert werden. N2 - The biguanide metformin has a proliferation-inhibiting effect in prostate carcinoma cells, among other things via the activation of p53, which causes the overexpression of microRNA-205 via a direct induction mechanism. Thus, within the scope of the present work, microRNA-205 could be identified as an effector of the proliferation-inhibiting effect of metformin in prostate carcinoma. KW - Metformin Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222562 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kühn, Daniel T1 - Mikrosatelliteninstabilitäten und Defekte in den Spindelcheckpointgenen Bub1b und MAD2 als mögliche prädiktive Marker für das Prostatakarzinom T1 - Microsatellite instabilities and defects of the spindle assembly checkpoint genes Bub1b and MAD2 as possible predictive marker for the prostate carcinoma N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit untersuchte die Bedeutung von Mikrosatelliteninstabilitäten (MSI) als Ausdruck einer Defizienz des MMR Systems im Prostatakarzinom. Neben der Bestimmung der Prävalenz von MSI lag das Hauptaugenmerk auf der Analyse von Korrelationen zwischen dem Auftreten von Mikrosatelliteninstabilitäten in Prostatakarzinomen und klinisch prognostischen Parametern. Von den insgesamt 153 untersuchten Prostatakarzinomen konnte in 24 Fällen (15,7%) Mikrosatelliteninstabilität nachgewiesen werden. 9 davon (5,9%) waren mit zwei oder mehr nachgewiesenen Instabilitäten definitionsgemäß hochinstabil (MSI H). Diese Prävalenz hochinstabiler Prostatakarzinome ist im Vergleich zu anderen MSI Studien niedrig, steht aber im Einklang mit konzeptionell vergleichbaren und validen Studienergebnissen. Eine statistisch signifikante Korrelation zwischen dem MSI Status und dem Alter der Patienten bei Diagnosestellung wurde beobachtet. Im untersuchten Patientenkollektiv traten hochinstabile Prostatakarzinome im Vergleich zu mikrosatellitenstabilen Karzinomen erst in einem deutlich höheren Lebensalter auf. Bezüglich der übrigen untersuchten Parameter zeigten die Analysen, dass hochinstabile Adenokarzinome der Prostata mit guter Differenzierung, niedrigeren Tumorstadien und fehlender Lymphknotenmetastasierung einhergehen. Den zweiten Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bildet die Detektion aberranter Expressionslevel der Spindelcheckpoint-Gene Bub1b und MAD2 und deren mögliche prognostische Bedeutung in Hinblick auf den klinischen Verlauf der Tumorerkrankung. Mittels quantitativer Expressionsanalysen wurden sowohl relative Über- als auch Unterexpressionen der Spindelcheckpoint-Gene Bub1b und MAD2 im Prostatakarzinom nachgewiesen. Im untersuchten Patientenkollektiv sind Überexpressionen dieser Gene vergleichsweise selten und scheinen somit für die Karzinomprogression keine bedeutende Rolle zu spielen. Hingegen weist eine Gruppe von Tumorproben insbesondere für Bub1b (19,1%), in geringerem Ausmaß auch für MAD2 (7,1%), vergleichsweise geringe Expressionslevel der untersuchten Spindelcheckpoint-Gene auf. Diese Prostatakarzinome mit reduzierten Expressionsleveln zeigen eine enge Assoziation mit verschiedenen biopathologischen Parametern. Prostatakarzinome mit reduzierter Bub1b Expression sind dabei in statistisch signifikantem Maße mit hohen Gleason-Scores, lokal fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien und vermehrt lymphogener Metastasierung assoziiert. In Hinblick auf MAD2 sind mit der bislang untersuchten Patientenanzahl keine statistisch signifikanten Aussagen möglich. Jedoch fällt auch hier auf, dass untersuchte Prostatakarzinome mit reduzierter MAD2-Expression vergleichsweise schlecht differenzierte Karzinome in zum Großteil fortgeschritteneren Tumorstadien mit oftmals bereits nodaler Metastasierung sind. Die gezeigten Ergebnisse legen dem Spindelcheckpoint Gen Bub1b somit die Funktion eines Tumorsuppressors nahe. N2 - The work at hand examined the significance of microsatellite instabilities (MSI) as an expression of a deficiency of the MMR-system in prostate carcinomas. Beside the determination of the prevalence of MSI the main focus was put on the analysis of correlations between the occurrence of microsatellite instabilities in prostate carcinomas and clinically prognostic parameters. From a total of 153 examined prostate carcinomas there were 24 cases (15.7%) in which instabilities of microsatellites could be proven. Nine of them (5.9%) had two or more detected instabilities and were consequently by definition highly instable (MSI-H). This prevalence of highly instable prostate carcinomas is low in comparison to other MSI-studies, it is, however, in accordance with conceptually comparable and valid study results. A statistically significant correlation between the MSI-status and the age of the patients at the time of the diagnosis was observed. Highly instable prostate carcinomas compared to microsatellite stable carcinomas occured only at a considerably higher age among the tested collective of patients. The analyses revealed in terms of the remaining tested parameters that highly instable prostate carcinomas are attended by well-differentiated carcinomas, lower tumour stages and absence of pathologic lymph nodes. The second focal point of this study depicts the detection of aberrant levels of expression of the spindle assembly checkpoint genes Bub1b and MAD2 and their possible prognostic relevance with regard to the clinical course of tumour disease. Via quantitative expression analyses both relative over- and underexpression of the spindle assembly checkpoint genes Bub1b and MAD2 in prostate carcinomas were verified. Within the examined collective overexpression of those genes occur comparatively rarely, thus they seem not to play a decisive role for the tumour progression. On the other hand, a group of tumour samples especially for Bub1b (19.1%), to a minor degree also for MAD2 (7.1%), features comparatively low expression levels of the examined spindle assembly checkpoint genes. Those prostate carcinomas with reduced expression levels display a close association with different various biopathologic parameters. At the same time prostate carcinomas with reduced Bub1b-expression are associated at a statistically significant rate with high Gleason-scores, locally advanced tumour stages and increased nodal metastasis. With the so far examined patient collective statistically significant conclusions with regard to MAD2 are impossible. Here, however, it is also striking that examined prostate carcinomas with reduced MAD2-expression are comparatively poorly differentiated carcinomas at in large part advanced tumour stages with often already nodal metastasis. The shown results suggest that the spindle assembly checkpoint gene Bub1b holds the function of a tumour suppressor. KW - Prostata KW - Carcinogenese KW - Prostatakrebs KW - Marker KW - Urologie KW - Screening KW - Spindlecheckpoint KW - Bub1b KW - MAD2 KW - MSI KW - Mikrosatelliteninstabilitäten KW - spindle assembly checkpoint KW - MSI KW - microsatellite instability KW - Bub1b KW - MAD2 Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-44388 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Litovkin, Kirill A1 - Van Eynde, Aleyde A1 - Joniau, Steven A1 - Lerut, Evelyne A1 - Laenen, Annouschka A1 - Gevaert, Thomas A1 - Gevaert, Olivier A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Gramme, Pierre A1 - Helleputte, Thibault A1 - Isebaert, Sofie A1 - Haustermans, Karin A1 - Bollen, Mathieu T1 - DNA Methylation-Guided Prediction of Clinical Failure in High-Risk Prostate Cancer JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is a very heterogeneous disease with respect to clinical outcome. This study explored differential DNA methylation in a priori selected genes to diagnose PCa and predict clinical failure (CF) in high-risk patients. Methods A quantitative multiplex, methylation-specific PCR assay was developed to assess promoter methylation of the APC, CCND2, GSTP1, PTGS2 and RARB genes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 42 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and radical prostatectomy specimens of patients with high-risk PCa, encompassing training and validation cohorts of 147 and 71 patients, respectively. Log-rank tests, univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to investigate the prognostic value of the DNA methylation. Results Hypermethylation of APC, CCND2, GSTP1, PTGS2 and RARB was highly cancer-specific. However, only GSTP1 methylation was significantly associated with CF in both independent high-risk PCa cohorts. Importantly, trichotomization into low, moderate and high GSTP1 methylation level subgroups was highly predictive for CF. Patients with either a low or high GSTP1 methylation level, as compared to the moderate methylation groups, were at a higher risk for CF in both the training (Hazard ratio [HR], 3.65; 95% CI, 1.65 to 8.07) and validation sets (HR, 4.27; 95% CI, 1.03 to 17.72) as well as in the combined cohort ( HR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.42 to 5.27) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Classification of primary high-risk tumors into three subtypes based on DNA methylation can be combined with clinico-pathological parameters for a more informative risk-stratification of these PCa patients. KW - CpG island hypermethylation KW - radical prostatectomy KW - promoter methylation KW - receptor beta KW - gene KW - GSTP1 KW - biomarkers KW - diagnosis KW - recurrence KW - reveals Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-151705 VL - 10 IS - 6 ER - TY - THES A1 - Lutz, Jakob T1 - Prospektive Validierung des Erlangen Index als präoperatives geriatrisches Assessment zur Beurteilung des postoperativen Outcome großer urologischer Eingriffe T1 - Prospective validation of the Erlangen Index as a preoperative geriatric assessment for the evaluation of the postoperative outcome of major urologic surgery N2 - Die Gesellschaft altert und es erhalten vermehrt geriatrische Patienten radikale urologische Eingriffe. Alte Patienten haben im Rahmen derartiger Operationen ein erhöhtes Risiko sowohl für Komplikation, verschlechtertes funktionelles Outcome und Mortalität. Da alte Patienten dennoch von den Operationen profitieren können und diese auch weitgehend sicher bei diesen durchgeführt werden können, gilt es das geriatrische Patientenklientel in Bezug auf ihre Konstitution präoperativ genauer zu evaluieren. Die Erlanger Pilotstudie, an die sich vorliegende Arbeit anlehnt, hat dazu einen Index für Patienten ≥ 70 Jahre mit geplanter Prostatektomie, Nephrektomie und Zystektomie entwickelt, der sowohl das postoperative funktionelle Outcome nach 30 bzw. 180 Tagen, wie auch die Mortalität, nicht aber Komplikationen signifikant korrekt vorhersagen konnte. Ziel vorliegender Arbeit war es, die Prädiktivität des Erlangen Index hinsichtlich dieser vier Endpunkte in einer prospektiv angelegten Studie mit n=46 Patienten ≥ 65 Jahre am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg zu validieren. Es sollte dabei im Speziellen die in der Erlanger Pilotstudie erfasste gute Prädiktivität des Erlangen Index für das funktionelle Outcome nach 180 Tagen überprüft werden. In dieser Arbeit zeigte sich der Erlangen Index prädiktiv für das funktionelle Outcome nach 180 Tagen. Für die anderen Endpunkte konnte keine Prädiktivität des Erlangen Index festgestellt werden. Durch vorliegende Studie konnte die schlechte Prädiktion der Komplikationen durch den EI bestätigt werden. Anders als in der Pilotstudie war der Erlangen Index in vorliegender Studie zur Vorhersage des funktionellen Outcome nach 30 Tagen und der Mortalität nicht geeignet. Bei Betrachtung der Untergruppen nach Art der Operation zeigte der EI starke Korrelationen für die Prädiktion des funktionellen Outcome nach 180 Tagen in den Gruppen der Patienten nach Prostata- und Harnblasenoperation. Die Ergebnisse decken sich somit nur teilweise mit den Ergebnissen aus der Pilotstudie in Erlangen, in der der Erlangen Index bzgl. des funktionellen Outcome nach 180 Tagen die größte Korrelation in der Untergruppe der Patienten nach Nephrektomie zeigte. Der Index erwies sich als schnell durchführbares Assessment, das wenig Personal erfordert. Es ist weiter zu prüfen, ob sich durch Anwendung dieses Assessment tatsächlich Änderungen im klinischen Therapieregime ergeben bzw. ob sich die Modifizierungen der Therapie auch in einem verbesserten Outcome der Patienten auswirken. N2 - The society is aging steadily and there is a rising number of geriatric patients receiving major urologic surgery. Older patients tend to be more in danger of postoperative complications, deteriorated functional outcome and mortality undergoing these major surgical interventions. Since some older patients still may benefit from radical treatments and since these surgical treatments can potentially be performed safely also in older people, their functional constitution should be assessed prior to surgery. In order to tackle this goal the Erlangen pilot trial, which our trial refers to, developed an index for people older than 70 years undergoing prostatectomy, nephrectomy and cystectomy. This Index proved to be suitable to predict the functional outcome atfer 30 and 180 days, as well as the mortality significantly, whereas complications couldn`t be predicted properly. In this prospective trial, comprising n=46 patients ≥ 65 Jahre, we aimed to validate the predictivity of the Erlangen Index according to these 4 endpoints, especially focussing on the functional outcome after 180 days, for which Erlangen Index was shown to be predictive in the pilot trial. In our validation trial the Erlangen Index was shown to be predicitve for the functional outcome after 180 days. However, for the other three endpoints there were no significant findings. Hence in this trial we were able to confirm the low predictivity of Erlangen Index for complications. In contrast to the pilot trial, in this very trial the Erlangen Index was shown not to be predicitve for functional outcome after 30 days, as well as mortality. Taking a look at the subgroups the Erlangen Index showed strongest correlation in predicting the functional outcome after 180 days in the subgroup of patients undergoing prostatectomy and cystectomy. According to that our findings only seem to match partially with the findings of the pilot trial, where Erlangen Index showed strongest correlation in predicting the functional outcome after 180 days in the subgroup of patients with nephrectomy. The Erlangen Index showed to be a quick and feasible tool, requiring only little staff. It still has to be investigated, whether the use of geriatric assessments will eventually lead to changes in therapeutic regimen and whether therapeutical modifications will finally end up in an improved functional outcome of patients. KW - Operation KW - Urologie KW - Geriatrie KW - Index KW - Gebrechlichkeit KW - Assessment KW - Frailty KW - Outcome Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-351686 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lüke, Florian A1 - Haller, Florian A1 - Utpatel, Kirsten A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Meidenbauer, Norbert A1 - Scheiter, Alexander A1 - Spoerl, Silvia A1 - Heudobler, Daniel A1 - Sparrer, Daniela A1 - Kaiser, Ulrich A1 - Keil, Felix A1 - Schubart, Christoph A1 - Tögel, Lars A1 - Einhell, Sabine A1 - Dietmaier, Wolfgang A1 - Huss, Ralf A1 - Dintner, Sebastian A1 - Sommer, Sebastian A1 - Jordan, Frank A1 - Goebeler, Maria-Elisabeth A1 - Metz, Michaela A1 - Haake, Diana A1 - Scheytt, Mithun A1 - Gerhard-Hartmann, Elena A1 - Maurus, Katja A1 - Brändlein, Stephanie A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Hartmann, Arndt A1 - Märkl, Bruno A1 - Einsele, Hermann A1 - Mackensen, Andreas A1 - Herr, Wolfgang A1 - Kunzmann, Volker A1 - Bargou, Ralf A1 - Beckmann, Matthias W. A1 - Pukrop, Tobias A1 - Trepel, Martin A1 - Evert, Matthias A1 - Claus, Rainer A1 - Kerscher, Alexander T1 - Identification of disparities in personalized cancer care — a joint approach of the German WERA consortium JF - Cancers N2 - (1) Background: molecular tumor boards (MTBs) are crucial instruments for discussing and allocating targeted therapies to suitable cancer patients based on genetic findings. Currently, limited evidence is available regarding the regional impact and the outreach component of MTBs; (2) Methods: we analyzed MTB patient data from four neighboring Bavarian tertiary care oncology centers in Würzburg, Erlangen, Regensburg, and Augsburg, together constituting the WERA Alliance. Absolute patient numbers and regional distribution across the WERA-wide catchment area were weighted with local population densities; (3) Results: the highest MTB patient numbers were found close to the four cancer centers. However, peaks in absolute patient numbers were also detected in more distant and rural areas. Moreover, weighting absolute numbers with local population density allowed for identifying so-called white spots—regions within our catchment that were relatively underrepresented in WERA MTBs; (4) Conclusions: investigating patient data from four neighboring cancer centers, we comprehensively assessed the regional impact of our MTBs. The results confirmed the success of existing collaborative structures with our regional partners. Additionally, our results help identifying potential white spots in providing precision oncology and help establishing a joint WERA-wide outreach strategy. KW - precision oncology KW - MTB KW - patient access KW - cancer care KW - outreach KW - real world data KW - outcomes research Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-290311 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 14 IS - 20 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maas, Moritz A1 - Mischinger, Johannes A1 - Compérat, Eva A1 - Scharpf, Marcus A1 - Fend, Falko A1 - Todenhöfer, Timlan A1 - Stenzl, Arnulf A1 - Gakis, Georgios A1 - Rausch, Steffen T1 - Utility of pT3 substaging in lymph node-negative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: do pathologic parameters add to prognostic sub-stratification? JF - World Journal of Urology N2 - Purpose The value of bladder cancer (BC) substaging into macroscopic (pT3b) and microscopic (pT3a) perivesical fat extension in lymph node (Ln)-negative patients is controversially discussed and limited evidence for prognostic relevance of additional histopathological factors in pT3 BC exists. We evaluated the prognostic value of pT3 substaging and established pathological and clinical parameters with focus on tumor invasive front (TIF) and tumor size. Methods Specimens of 52 patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for pT3 a/b muscle-invasive BC were reviewed and re-evaluated by a pathologist specialized in uropathology. Clinical variables and standard histopathologic characteristics were assessed including TIF and tumor size. Their value as prognosticators for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was evaluated. Results Mean age of patients was 67.55 years. Tumors were staged pT3a in 28 patients (53.8%) and pT3b in 24 (46.8%). Median OS was 34.51 months. Median tumor size was 3.2 cm, median TIF was 11.0 mm. Differences in OS between pT3a and pT3b were not significant (p = 0.45). Carcinoma in situ (CIS) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were significantly associated with pT3b tumors. Univariate analysis could not identify pathological prognosticators like TIF or tumor size for OS and RFS (p for all > 0.05). Conclusion No significant differences in OS or RFS were observed comparing Ln-negative pT3 BC following radical cystectomy. Additional pathologic variables like TIF could not be identified as prognosticator. Relevance of pT3 BC substaging needs reevaluation in larger prospective cohorts. KW - tumor invasion front KW - muscle-invasive bladder cancer KW - pathological staging KW - patient outcome KW - perivesical extension Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-266535 SN - 1433-8726 VL - 39 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marquardt, André A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp A1 - Kollmannsberger, Philip A1 - Solimando, Antonio G. A1 - Meierjohann, Svenja A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Bargou, Ralf A1 - Schilling, Bastian A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Buck, Andreas A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Krebs, Markus T1 - Predicting microenvironment in CXCR4- and FAP-positive solid tumors — a pan-cancer machine learning workflow for theranostic target structures JF - Cancers N2 - (1) Background: C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha (FAP) are promising theranostic targets. However, it is unclear whether CXCR4 and FAP positivity mark distinct microenvironments, especially in solid tumors. (2) Methods: Using Random Forest (RF) analysis, we searched for entity-independent mRNA and microRNA signatures related to CXCR4 and FAP overexpression in our pan-cancer cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database — representing n = 9242 specimens from 29 tumor entities. CXCR4- and FAP-positive samples were assessed via StringDB cluster analysis, EnrichR, Metascape, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Findings were validated via correlation analyses in n = 1541 tumor samples. TIMER2.0 analyzed the association of CXCR4 / FAP expression and infiltration levels of immune-related cells. (3) Results: We identified entity-independent CXCR4 and FAP gene signatures representative for the majority of solid cancers. While CXCR4 positivity marked an immune-related microenvironment, FAP overexpression highlighted an angiogenesis-associated niche. TIMER2.0 analysis confirmed characteristic infiltration levels of CD8+ cells for CXCR4-positive tumors and endothelial cells for FAP-positive tumors. (4) Conclusions: CXCR4- and FAP-directed PET imaging could provide a non-invasive decision aid for entity-agnostic treatment of microenvironment in solid malignancies. Moreover, this machine learning workflow can easily be transferred towards other theranostic targets. KW - machine learning KW - tumor microenvironment KW - immune infiltration KW - angiogenesis KW - mRNA KW - miRNA KW - transcriptome Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305036 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 15 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marquardt, André A1 - Kollmannsberger, Philip A1 - Krebs, Markus A1 - Argentiero, Antonella A1 - Knott, Markus A1 - Solimando, Antonio Giovanni A1 - Kerscher, Alexander Georg T1 - Visual clustering of transcriptomic data from primary and metastatic tumors — dependencies and novel pitfalls JF - Genes N2 - Personalized oncology is a rapidly evolving area and offers cancer patients therapy options that are more specific than ever. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding transcriptomic similarities or differences of metastases and corresponding primary sites. Applying two unsupervised dimension reduction methods (t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP)) on three datasets of metastases (n = 682 samples) with three different data transformations (unprocessed, log10 as well as log10 + 1 transformed values), we visualized potential underlying clusters. Additionally, we analyzed two datasets (n = 616 samples) containing metastases and primary tumors of one entity, to point out potential familiarities. Using these methods, no tight link between the site of resection and cluster formation outcome could be demonstrated, or for datasets consisting of solely metastasis or mixed datasets. Instead, dimension reduction methods and data transformation significantly impacted visual clustering results. Our findings strongly suggest data transformation to be considered as another key element in the interpretation of visual clustering approaches along with initialization and different parameters. Furthermore, the results highlight the need for a more thorough examination of parameters used in the analysis of clusters. KW - visual clustering KW - t-SNE KW - UMAP KW - transcriptomic analysis KW - cancer KW - metastasis Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-281872 SN - 2073-4425 VL - 13 IS - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marquardt, André A1 - Solimando, Antonio Giovanni A1 - Kerscher, Alexander A1 - Bittrich, Max A1 - Kalogirou, Charis A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Rosenwald, Andreas A1 - Bargou, Ralf A1 - Kollmannsberger, Philip A1 - Schilling, Bastian A1 - Meierjohann, Svenja A1 - Krebs, Markus T1 - Subgroup-Independent Mapping of Renal Cell Carcinoma — Machine Learning Reveals Prognostic Mitochondrial Gene Signature Beyond Histopathologic Boundaries JF - Frontiers in Oncology N2 - Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is divided into three major histopathologic groups—clear cell (ccRCC), papillary (pRCC) and chromophobe RCC (chRCC). We performed a comprehensive re-analysis of publicly available RCC datasets from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database, thereby combining samples from all three subgroups, for an exploratory transcriptome profiling of RCC subgroups. Materials and Methods: We used FPKM (fragments per kilobase per million) files derived from the ccRCC, pRCC and chRCC cohorts of the TCGA database, representing transcriptomic data of 891 patients. Using principal component analysis, we visualized datasets as t-SNE plot for cluster detection. Clusters were characterized by machine learning, resulting gene signatures were validated by correlation analyses in the TCGA dataset and three external datasets (ICGC RECA-EU, CPTAC-3-Kidney, and GSE157256). Results: Many RCC samples co-clustered according to histopathology. However, a substantial number of samples clustered independently from histopathologic origin (mixed subgroup)—demonstrating divergence between histopathology and transcriptomic data. Further analyses of mixed subgroup via machine learning revealed a predominant mitochondrial gene signature—a trait previously known for chRCC—across all histopathologic subgroups. Additionally, ccRCC samples from mixed subgroup presented an inverse correlation of mitochondrial and angiogenesis-related genes in the TCGA and in three external validation cohorts. Moreover, mixed subgroup affiliation was associated with a highly significant shorter overall survival for patients with ccRCC—and a highly significant longer overall survival for chRCC patients. Conclusions: Pan-RCC clustering according to RNA-sequencing data revealed a distinct histology-independent subgroup characterized by strengthened mitochondrial and weakened angiogenesis-related gene signatures. Moreover, affiliation to mixed subgroup went along with a significantly shorter overall survival for ccRCC and a longer overall survival for chRCC patients. Further research could offer a therapy stratification by specifically addressing the mitochondrial metabolism of such tumors and its microenvironment. KW - kidney cancer KW - pan-RCC KW - machine learning KW - mitochondrial DNA KW - mtDNA KW - mTOR Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-232107 SN - 2234-943X VL - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mihatsch, Patrick W. A1 - Beissert, Matthias A1 - Pomper, Martin G. A1 - Bley, Thorsten A. A1 - Seitz, Anna K. A1 - Kübler, Hubert A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Rowe, Steven P. A1 - Serfling, Sebastian E. A1 - Hartrampf, Philipp E. A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. T1 - Changing threshold-based segmentation has no relevant impact on semi-quantification in the context of structured reporting for PSMA-PET/CT JF - Cancers N2 - Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is increasingly utilized for staging of men with prostate cancer (PC). To increase interpretive certainty, the standardized PSMA reporting and data system (RADS) has been proposed. Using PSMA-RADS, we characterized lesions in 18 patients imaged with \(^{18}\)F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for primary staging and determined the stability of semi-quantitative parameters. Six hundred twenty-three lesions were categorized according to PSMA-RADS and manually segmented. In this context, PSMA-RADS-3A (soft-tissue) or -3B (bone) lesions are defined as being indeterminate for the presence of PC. For PMSA-RADS-4 and -5 lesions; however, PC is highly likely or almost certainly present [with further distinction based on absence (PSMA-RADS-4) or presence (PSMA-RADS-5) of correlative findings on CT]. Standardized uptake values (SUV\(_{max}\), SUV\(_{peak}\), SUV\(_{mean}\)) were recorded, and volumetric parameters [PSMA-derived tumor volume (PSMA-TV); total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMA)] were determined using different maximum intensity thresholds (MIT) (40 vs. 45 vs. 50%). SUV\(_{max}\) was significantly higher in PSMA-RADS-5 lesions compared to all other PSMA-RADS categories (p ≤ 0.0322). In particular, the clinically challenging PSMA-RADS-3A lesions showed significantly lower SUV\(_{max}\) and SUV\(_{peak}\) compared to the entire PSMA-RADS-4 or -5 cohort (p < 0.0001), while for PSMA-RADS-3B this only applies when compared to the entire PSMA-RADS-5 cohort (p < 0.0001), but not to the PSMA-RADS-4 cohort (SUV\(_{max}\), p = 0.07; SUV\(_{peak}\), p = 0.08). SUV\(_{mean}\) (p = 0.30) and TL-PSMA (p = 0.16) in PSMA-RADS-5 lesions were not influenced by changing the MIT, while PSMA-TV showed significant differences when comparing 40 vs. 50% MIT (p = 0.0066), which was driven by lymph nodes (p = 0.0239), but not bone lesions (p = 0.15). SUV\(_{max}\) was significantly higher in PSMA-RADS-5 lesions compared to all other PSMA-RADS categories in \(^{18}\)F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. As such, the latter parameter may assist the interpreting molecular imaging specialist in assigning the correct PSMA-RADS score to sites of disease, thereby increasing diagnostic certainty. In addition, changes of the MIT in PSMA-RADS-5 lesions had no significant impact on SUV\(_{mean}\) and TL-PSMA in contrast to PSMA-TV. KW - \(^{18}\)F-PSMA-1007 KW - PET/CT KW - staging KW - prostate cancer KW - standardized reporting system KW - PSMA-RADS Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-254782 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 14 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moris, Lisa A1 - Van den Broeck, Thomas A1 - Tosco, Lorenzo A1 - Van Baelen, Anthony A1 - Gontero, Paolo A1 - Karnes, Robert Jeffrey A1 - Everaerts, Wouter A1 - Albersen, Maarten A1 - Bastian, Patrick J. A1 - Chlosta, Piotr A1 - Claessens, Frank A1 - Chun, Felix K. A1 - Graefen, Markus A1 - Gratzke, Christian A1 - Kneitz, Burkhard A1 - Marchioro, Giansilvio A1 - Salas, Rafael Sanchez A1 - Tombal, Bertrand A1 - Van Der Poel, Henk A1 - Walz, Jochen Christoph A1 - De Meerleer, Gert A1 - Bossi, Alberto A1 - Haustermans, Karin A1 - Montorsi, Francesco A1 - Van Poppel, Hendrik A1 - Spahn, Martin A1 - Briganti, Alberto A1 - Joniau, Steven T1 - Impact of lymph node burden on survival of high-risk prostate cancer patients following radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection JF - Frontiers in Surgery N2 - Aim To determine the impact of the extent of lymph node invasion (LNI) on long-term oncological outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP). Material and methods In this retrospective study, we examined the data of 1,249 high-risk, non-metastatic PCa patients treated with RP and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) between 1989 and 2011 at eight different tertiary institutions. We fitted univariate and multivariate Cox models to assess independent predictors of cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). The number of positive lymph node (LN) was dichotomized according to the most informative cutoff predicting CSS. Kaplan–Meier curves assessed CSS and OS rates. Only patients with at least 10 LNs removed at PLND were included. This cutoff was chosen as a surrogate for a well performed PNLD. Results Mean age was 65 years (median: 66, IQR 60–70). Positive surgical margins were present in 53.7% (n = 671). Final Gleason score (GS) was 2–6 in 12.7% (n = 158), 7 in 52% (n = 649), and 8–10 in 35.4% (n = 442). The median number of LNs removed during PLND was 15 (IQR 12–17). Of all patients, 1,128 (90.3%) had 0–3 positive LNs, while 126 (9.7%) had ≥4 positive LNs. Patients with 0–3 positive LNs had significantly better CSS outcome at 10-year follow-up compared to patients with ≥4 positive LNs (87 vs. 50%; p < 0.0001). Similar results were obtained for OS, with a 72 vs. 37% (p < 0.0001) survival at 10 years for patients with 0–3 vs. ≥4 positive LNs, respectively. At multivariate analysis, final GS of 8–10, salvage ADT therapy, and ≥4 (vs. <4) positive LNs were predictors of worse CSS and OS. Pathological stage pT4 was an additional predictor of worse CSS. Conclusion Four or more positive LNs, pathological stage pT4, and final GS of 8–10 represent independent predictors for worse CSS in patients with high-risk PCa. Primary tumor biology remains a strong driver of tumor progression and patients having ≥4 positive LNs could be considered an enriched patient group in which novel treatment strategies should be studied. KW - high-risk prostate cancer KW - lymph node dissection KW - positive lymph node KW - prognosis KW - surgery Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-195721 SN - 2296-875X VL - 3 ER -