TY - THES A1 - Göttler, David Johannes T1 - Smoking cessation patterns in patients with established coronary heart disease T1 - Entwicklung des Rauchverhaltens bei Patienten*innen mit Koronarer Herzerkrankung N2 - Background Tobacco smoking is accountable for more than one in ten deaths in patients with cardiovascular disease. Thus, smoking cessation has a high priority in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study meant to assess smoking cessation patterns, identify parameters associated with smoking cessation and investigate personal reasons to change or maintain smoking habits in patients with established CHD. Methods Quality of CHD care was surveyed in 24 European countries in 2012/13 by the fourth European Survey of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Diabetes. Patients 18 to 79 years of age at the date of the CHD index event hospitalized due to first or recurrent diagnosis of coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous coronary intervention, acute myocardial infarction or acute myocardial ischemia without infarction (troponin negative) were included. Smoking status and clinical parameters were iteratively obtained a) at the cardiovascular disease index event by medical record abstraction, b) during a face-to-face interview 6 to 36 months after the index event (i.e. baseline visit) and c) by telephone-based follow-up interview two years after the baseline visit. Parameters associated with smoking status at the time of follow-up interview were identified by logistic regression analysis. Personal reasons to change or maintain smoking habits were assessed in a qualitative interview and analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Results One hundred and four of 469 (22.2%) participants had been classified current smokers at the index event and were available for follow-up interview. After a median observation period of 3.5 years (quartiles 3.0, 4.1), 65 of 104 participants (62.5%) were classified quitters at the time of follow-up interview. There was a tendency of diabetes being more prevalent in quitters vs non-quitters (37.5% vs 20.5%, p=0.07). Higher education level (15.4% vs 33.3%, p=0.03) and depressed mood (17.2% vs 35.9%, p=0.03) were less frequent in quitters vs non-quitters. Quitters more frequently participated in cardiac rehabilitation programs (83.1% vs 48.7%, p<0.001). Cardiac rehabilitation appeared as factor associated with smoking cessation in multivariable logistic regression analysis (OR 5.19, 95%CI 1.87 to 14.46, p=0.002). Persistent smokers at telephone-based follow-up interview reported on addiction as wells as relaxation and pleasure as reasons to continue their habit. Those current and former smokers who relapsed at least once after a quitting attempt, stated future health hazards as their main reason to undertake quitting attempts. Prevalent factors leading to relapse were influence by their social network and stress. Successful quitters at follow-up interview referred to smoking-related harm done to their health having had been their major reason to quit. Interpretation Participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program was strongly associated with smoking cessation after a cardiovascular disease index event. Smoking cessation counseling and relapse prophylaxis may include alternatives for the pleasant aspects of smoking and incorporate effective strategies to resist relapse. N2 - Einleitung Bei Patienten*innen mit kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen ist mehr als einer von zehn Todesfällen auf Tabakrauchen zurückzuführen. Daher ist Rauchentwöhnung ein wichtiger Aspekt der Sekundärprävention der koronaren Herzerkrankung. In dieser Studie wurde der Verlauf des Rauchverhalten von Patienten*innen mit bekannter koronarer Herzerkrankung erfasst, Einflussfaktoren für Tabakabstinenz untersucht und die persönlichen Beweggründe zur Änderung oder Beibehaltung des Rauchverhaltens analysiert. Methoden Die Güte der Behandlung der koronaren Herzerkrankung wurde in 24 Europäischen Staaten in den Jahren 2012/13 im Rahmen des vierten European Survey of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Diabetes erfasst. Eingeschlossen wurden Patienten*innen zwischen 18 und 79 Jahren zum Zeitpunkt des kardiovaskulären Indexereignisses. Als kardiovaskuläres Indexereignis wurde eine stationäre Behandlung aufgrund der folgenden Erst- oder Rezidiv Diagnosen definiert: Koronararterien-Bypass, perkutane Koronarintervention, akuter Myokardinfarkt und akute myokardiale Ischämie ohne Infarkt (Troponin negativ). Rauchgewohnheiten und klinische Parameter wurden bei Patienten*innen im Studienverlauf wiederholt erhoben: a) Anhand der Behandlungsunterlagen während des kardiovaskulären Indexereignis, b) während eines persönlichen Interviews 6-36 Monate nach dem Indexereignis (i.e. Baseline Untersuchung) und c) im Rahmen eines telefonischen Follow-Up Interviews zwei Jahre nach der Baseline Untersuchung. Einflussfaktoren für Tabakabstinenz zum Zeitpunkt des telefonischen Follow-Up Interviews wurden über logistische Regressionsmodelle ermittelt. Die persönlichen Beweggründe das individuelle Rauchverhalten beizubehalten oder zu ändern wurden im Rahmen eines qualitativen Interviews erhoben und mithilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Ergebnisse 104 von 469 (22,2%) Studienteilnehmer*innen wurden zum Zeitpunkt des Indexereignisses als Raucher*innen klassifiziert und nahmen an dem Follow-Up Interview teil. 65 von 104 (62,5%) dieser Raucher*innen gaben median 3,5 Jahre (Quartilen 3,0; 4,1) nach dem kardiovaskulären Indexereignis an mit dem Rauchen aufgehört zu haben. Es gab eine Tendenz zu höheren Prävalenzen von Diabetes bei nicht mehr Rauchenden im Vergleich zu weiterhin Rauchenden (37,5% vs. 20,5%; p=0,07). Höherer Bildungsgrad (15,4% vs. 33,3%; p=0,03) und Symptome einer depressiven Verstimmung (17,2% vs. 35,9%; p=0,03) waren bei nicht mehr Rauchenden seltener als bei weiterhin Rauchenden. Nicht mehr Rauchende nahmen überdurchschnittlich häufig an einem kardialen Rehabilitationsprogramm teil (83,1% vs. 48,7%; p<0,001). Kardiale Rehabilitation war ein signifikanter Einflussfaktor auf Tabakabstinenz in der multivariaten logistischen Regression (OR 5,19; 95% Konfidenzintervall 1,87-14,46; p=0,002). Weiterhin Rauchende berichteten von Sucht sowie von Entspannung und Freude als Gründe nach wie vor zu rauchen. Diejenigen aktiven und ehemaligen Raucher*innen, welche mindestens einmal einen Rückfall nach einem Aufhörversuch erlebten, gaben Sorgen vor den gesundheitlichen Folgeschäden des Rauchens als Hauptgrund für Aufhörversuche an. Ihr soziales Umfeld und Stress waren häufige Gründe für Rückfälle. Ehemalige Raucher*innen berichteten von bereits eingetretenen gesundheitlichen Problemen, welche sie mit dem Rauchen in Verbindung gebracht hatten, als treibende Kräfte um nachhaltig abstinent sein zu können. Interpretation Die Teilnahme an einem kardialen Rehabilitationsprogramm war bei Patienten*innen mit kardiovaskulärer Erkrankung deutlich mit dem Verzicht auf Tabakrauchen assoziiert. Beratung zur Raucherentwöhnung und Rückfallprophylaxe könnten Alternativen für die, in der subjektiven Wahrnehmung, angenehmen Aspekte des Rauchens bieten und effektive Strategien zur Vermeidung von Rückfällen berücksichtigen. KW - Tabakkonsum KW - Koronare Herzkrankheit KW - Tobacco smoking KW - Coronary heart disease Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223955 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hebestreit, Helge A1 - Zeidler, Cornelia A1 - Schippers, Christopher A1 - de Zwaan, Martina A1 - Deckert, Jürgen A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Krauth, Christian A1 - Bullinger, Monika A1 - Berger, Alexandra A1 - Berneburg, Mark A1 - Brandstetter, Lilly A1 - Deibele, Anna A1 - Dieris-Hirche, Jan A1 - Graessner, Holm A1 - Gündel, Harald A1 - Herpertz, Stephan A1 - Heuft, Gereon A1 - Lapstich, Anne-Marie A1 - Lücke, Thomas A1 - Maisch, Tim A1 - Mundlos, Christine A1 - Petermann-Meyer, Andrea A1 - Müller, Susanne A1 - Ott, Stephan A1 - Pfister, Lisa A1 - Quitmann, Julia A1 - Romanos, Marcel A1 - Rutsch, Frank A1 - Schaubert, Kristina A1 - Schubert, Katharina A1 - Schulz, Jörg B. A1 - Schweiger, Susann A1 - Tüscher, Oliver A1 - Ungethüm, Kathrin A1 - Wagner, Thomas O. F. A1 - Haas, Kirsten T1 - Dual guidance structure for evaluation of patients with unclear diagnosis in centers for rare diseases (ZSE-DUO): study protocol for a controlled multi-center cohort study JF - Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases N2 - Background In individuals suffering from a rare disease the diagnostic process and the confirmation of a final diagnosis often extends over many years. Factors contributing to delayed diagnosis include health care professionals' limited knowledge of rare diseases and frequent (co-)occurrence of mental disorders that may complicate and delay the diagnostic process. The ZSE-DUO study aims to assess the benefits of a combination of a physician focusing on somatic aspects with a mental health expert working side by side as a tandem in the diagnostic process. Study design This multi-center, prospective controlled study has a two-phase cohort design. Methods Two cohorts of 682 patients each are sequentially recruited from 11 university-based German Centers for Rare Diseases (CRD): the standard care cohort (control, somatic expertise only) and the innovative care cohort (experimental, combined somatic and mental health expertise). Individuals aged 12 years and older presenting with symptoms and signs which are not explained by current diagnoses will be included. Data will be collected prior to the first visit to the CRD’s outpatient clinic (T0), at the first visit (T1) and 12 months thereafter (T2). Outcomes Primary outcome is the percentage of patients with one or more confirmed diagnoses covering the symptomatic spectrum presented. Sample size is calculated to detect a 10 percent increase from 30% in standard care to 40% in the innovative dual expert cohort. Secondary outcomes are (a) time to diagnosis/diagnoses explaining the symptomatology; (b) proportion of patients successfully referred from CRD to standard care; (c) costs of diagnosis including incremental cost effectiveness ratios; (d) predictive value of screening instruments administered at T0 to identify patients with mental disorders; (e) patients’ quality of life and evaluation of care; and f) physicians’ satisfaction with the innovative care approach. Conclusions This is the first multi-center study to investigate the effects of a mental health specialist working in tandem with a somatic expert physician in CRDs. If this innovative approach proves successful, it will be made available on a larger scale nationally and promoted internationally. In the best case, ZSE-DUO can significantly shorten the time to diagnosis for a suspected rare disease. KW - rare diseases KW - multi‑center cohort study KW - dual guidance Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-300440 VL - 17 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buerger, Arne A1 - Emser, Theresa A1 - Seidel, Alexandra A1 - Scheiner, Christin A1 - von Schoenfeld, Cornelia A1 - Ruecker, Viktoria A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Romanos, Marcel T1 - DUDE - a universal prevention program for non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in adolescence based on effective emotion regulation: study protocol of a cluster-randomized controlled trial JF - Trials N2 - Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become a substantial public health problem. NSSI is a high-risk marker for the development and persistence of mental health problems, shows high rates of morbidity and mortality, and causes substantial health care costs. Thus, there is an urgent need for action to develop universal prevention programs for NSSI before adolescents begin to show this dangerous behavior. Currently, however, universal prevention programs are lacking. Methods The main objective of the present study is to evaluate a newly developed universal prevention program (“DUDE – Du und deine Emotionen / You and your emotions”), based on a skills-based approach in schools, in 3200 young adolescents (age 11–14 years). The effectiveness of DUDE will be investigated in a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) in schools (N = 16). All groups will receive a minimal intervention called “Stress-free through the school day” as a mental health literacy program to prevent burnout in school. The treatment group (N = 1600; 8 schools) will additionally undergo the universal prevention program DUDE and will be divided into treatment group 1 (DUDE conducted by trained clinical psychologists; N = 800; 4 schools) and treatment group 2 (DUDE conducted by trained teachers; N = 800; 4 schools). The active control group (N = 1600; 8 schools) will only receive the mental health literacy prevention. Besides baseline assessment (T0), measurements will occur at the end of the treatment (T1) and at 6- (T2) and 12-month (T3) follow-up evaluations. The main outcome is the occurrence of NSSI within the last 6 months assessed by a short version of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI-9) at the 1-year follow-up (primary endpoint; T3). Secondary outcomes are emotion regulation, suicidality, health-related quality of life, self-esteem, and comorbid psychopathology and willingness to change. Discussion DUDE is tailored to diminish the incidence of NSSI and to prevent its possible long-term consequences (e.g., suicidality) in adolescents. It is easy to access in the school environment. Furthermore, DUDE is a comprehensive approach to improve mental health via improved emotion regulation. KW - universal prevention KW - NSSI KW - self-injury KW - emotion regulation KW - RCT KW - school-based prevention KW - adolescence Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265874 VL - 23 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Montellano, Felipe A. A1 - Kluter, Elisabeth J. A1 - Rücker, Viktoria A1 - Ungethüm, Kathrin A1 - Mackenrodt, Daniel A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Dege, Tassilo A1 - Quilitzsch, Anika A1 - Morbach, Caroline A1 - Frantz, Stefan A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Cardiac dysfunction and high-sensitive C-reactive protein are associated with troponin T elevation in ischemic stroke: insights from the SICFAIL study JF - BMC Neurology N2 - Background Troponin elevation is common in ischemic stroke (IS) patients. The pathomechanisms involved are incompletely understood and comprise coronary and non-coronary causes, e.g. autonomic dysfunction. We investigated determinants of troponin elevation in acute IS patients including markers of autonomic dysfunction, assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) time domain variables. Methods Data were collected within the Stroke Induced Cardiac FAILure (SICFAIL) cohort study. IS patients admitted to the Department of Neurology, Würzburg University Hospital, underwent baseline investigation including cardiac history, physical examination, echocardiography, and blood sampling. Four HRV time domain variables were calculated in patients undergoing electrocardiographic Holter monitoring. Multivariable logistic regression with corresponding odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to investigate the determinants of high-sensitive troponin T (hs-TnT) levels ≥14 ng/L. Results We report results from 543 IS patients recruited between 01/2014–02/2017. Of those, 203 (37%) had hs-TnT ≥14 ng/L, which was independently associated with older age (OR per year 1.05; 95% CI 1.02–1.08), male sex (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.54–4.58), decreasing estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 0.71; 95% CI 0.61–0.84), systolic dysfunction (OR 2.79; 95% CI 1.22–6.37), diastolic dysfunction (OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.29–4.02), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.30; 95% CI 1.25–4.23), and increasing levels of C-reactive protein (OR 1.48 per log unit; 95% CI 1.22–1.79). We did not identify an independent association of troponin elevation with the investigated HRV variables. Conclusion Cardiac dysfunction and elevated C-reactive protein, but not a reduced HRV as surrogate of autonomic dysfunction, were associated with increased hs-TnT levels in IS patients independent of established cardiovascular risk factors. KW - echocardiography KW - ischemic stroke KW - troponin KW - heart failure KW - biomarkers Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-300119 VL - 22 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin, Eva A1 - Mauer, Isabell A1 - Malzahn, Uwe A1 - Heuschmann, Peter Ulrich A1 - Goebeler, Matthias A1 - Benoit, Sandrine T1 - Comorbid diseases among bullous pemphigoid patients in Germany: new insights from a case-control study JF - Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft N2 - Background and objectives Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Other comorbid diseases are discussed controversially. We evaluated the prevalence of comorbidity in BP patients in a representative area of Germany. Patients and methods Medical files of all BP patients treated at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany, between June 2002 and May 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Bullous pemphigoid was diagnosed based on established criteria. For each patient, two controls were individually matched. Records were evaluated for age, sex, laboratory values, concomitant medication and comorbidity. Conditional logistic regression, multivariable regression analysis and complex regression models were performed to compare results. Results 300 BP patients were identified and compared to 583 controls. Bullous pemphigoid was associated with neuropsychiatric disorders as well as laboratory abnormalities including leukocytosis and eosinophilia. Importantly, a highly significant association of BP with anemia (OR 2.127; 95 % CI 1.532–2.953) and renal impairment (OR 2.218; 95 % CI 1.643–2.993) was identified. No association was found with malignancy and arterial hypertension. Conclusions Our data revealed an increased frequency of anemia and renal impairment in BP patients. In accordance with previous studies the strong association for neuropsychiatric disorders was confirmed (p < 0.0005). KW - bullous pemphigoid KW - comorbid diseases KW - Germany Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-318395 VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 798 EP - 805 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hasenpusch, Claudia A1 - Matterne, Uwe A1 - Tischer, Christina A1 - Hrudey, Ilona A1 - Apfelbacher, Christian T1 - Development and content validation of a comprehensive health literacy survey instrument for use in individuals with asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - Individuals with chronic conditions have been faced with many additional challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual health literacy (HL) as the ability to access, understand, evaluate, and apply pandemic-related information has thus become ever more important in these populations. The purpose of this study was to develop and content-validate a comprehensive HL survey instrument for people with asthma based on an integrated framework, and on previous surveys and other instruments for use in the general population and vulnerable groups. Beside HL, assumed determinants, mediators, and health outcomes were embraced in the framework. A mixed-method design was used. A comprehensive examination of the available literature yielded an initial pool of 398 single items within 20 categories. Based on content validity indices (CVI) of expert ratings (n = 11) and the content analysis of cognitive interviews with participants (n = 9), the item pool was reduced, and individual items/scales refined or modified. The instrument showed appropriate comprehensibility (98.0%), was judged relevant, and had an acceptable CVI at scale level (S-CVI/Ave = 0.91). The final version comprises 14 categories measured by 38 questions consisting of 116 single items. In terms of content, the instrument appears a valid representation of behavioural and psychosocial constructs pertaining to a broad HL understanding and relevant to individuals with asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular monitoring of these behavioural and psychosocial constructs during the course of the pandemic can help identify needs as well as changes during the course of the pandemic, which is particularly important in chronic disease populations. KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - COVID-19 KW - asthma KW - survey instrument KW - questionnaire development KW - health literacy Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-262146 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 19 IS - 4 ER - TY - THES A1 - Jirù-Hillmann, Steffi T1 - Schlaganfallversorgung: Europäische, deutsche und regionale Perspektiven T1 - Stroke care: European, national and regional perspectives N2 - Seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre wurden nationale und regionale Schlaganfallregister in Europa etabliert, die Auskunft über die Versorgungsqualität von Schlaganfallpatienten geben. Bislang lagen nur wenige Daten zu zeitlichen Trends der akuten Schlaganfallversorgung vor. Diese sind jedoch essentiell, um beispielsweise Zusammenhänge zwischen der Einführung potentiell qualitätsverbessernder Maßnahmen und der Entwicklung der Versorgungsqualität feststellen zu können. Die Behandlung von Schlaganfallpatienten auf Stroke Units ist aufgrund der eindeutigen Evidenz aus randomisierten- und Beobachtungsstudien zum Standard geworden. Bislang war unklar, ob demografische und klinische Charakteristika die direkte Aufnahme auf eine Stroke Unit beeinflussen. Zudem war nicht bekannt, ob und wenn ja, in welchem Ausmaß strukturelle Kriterien und der Anteil der Patienten, der auf eine Stroke Unit aufgenommen wurde, die Qualität der Stroke Unit Versorgung beeinflussen. Im Anschluss an die Akutbehandlung im Krankenhaus bzw. nach geeigneten Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen übernehmen pflegende Angehörige häufig die Versorgung der Schlaganfallpatienten im häuslichen Umfeld. Die aktuelle Situation der pflegenden Angehörigen von Schlaganfallpatienten in Deutschland ist bisher jedoch nur unzureichend evaluiert. In der vorliegenden Dissertation wurden zunächst im Rahmen des „European Implementation Score“-Projektes zeitliche Trends der Qualität der akuten Schlaganfallversorgung in fünf nationalen europäischen Schlaganfallregistern aus Deutschland, England/Wales/Nordirland, Polen, Schottland und Schweden nach zuvor definierten evidenzbasierten Qualitätsindikatoren berechnet. Im zweiten Schritt wurde anhand von Daten der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Schlaganfall Register (ADSR) evaluiert, ob demografische und klinische Patientencharakteristika die direkte Aufnahme auf eine Stroke Unit in Deutschland beeinflussen. Weiterhin wurde der Einfluss struktureller Charakteristika auf die Erfüllung von 11 evidenzbasierter Qualitätsindikatoren in Krankenhäusern, die über eine regionale oder überregionale Stroke Unit verfügen, untersucht. Abschließend wurden im Rahmen des regionalen Telemedizinnetzwerkes TRANSIT-Stroke demografische und klinische Charakteristika von Schlaganfallpatienten, die 3 Monate nach dem Schlaganfall mit dem Erhalt von Pflege durch einen Angehörigen assoziiert waren, identifiziert. Zusätzlich wurden mit standardisierten Erhebungsinstrumenten positive und negative Erfahrungen der Pflege eines Schlaganfallpatienten sowie die selbsteingeschätzte Belastung (deutsche Version des Caregiver Reaction Assessment und Self-Rated Burden Scale) ausgewertet sowie Faktoren, die mit den Pflegeerfahrungen und Belastungen assoziiert sind, evaluiert. Auf europäischer Ebene konnten wir einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Einführung eines neuen Qualitätsindikators und der Verbesserung der Qualität beobachten. Dies galt insbesondere für die erstmalige Einführung des Qualitätsindikators Dysphagiescreening im deutschen -(2006) und schwedischen Schlaganfallregister (2007). Somit gibt es Hinweise darauf, dass das Monitoring der Qualität der Schlaganfallversorgung zu Qualitätsverbesserungen bzw. auch zu einer vollständigeren Dokumentation führt. Insgesamt konnten wir ein qualitativ hohes Niveau der akuten Schlaganfallversorgung auf Stroke Units in Deutschland gemäß evidenzbasierter Qualitätsindikatoren feststellen. Patienten mit einem ischämischen Schlaganfall, die am Wochenende aufgenommen wurden (p<0,0001), innerhalb von 3 Stunden nach Symptombeginn im Krankenhaus aufgenommen wurden (p<0,0001), hypertensiv waren (p<0,0001), unter einer Hyperlipidämie (p<0,0001) litten, wurden mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit auf einer Stroke Unit aufgenommen. Dagegen hatten Patienten mit einem schwereren Schlaganfall (NIHSS>15) eine geringere Chance, auf einer Stroke Unit aufgenommen zu werden (p<0,0001). Der Einfluss struktureller Charakteristika auf die Qualität der Stroke Unit Versorgung war gering. Eine Verbesserung der Qualität könnte noch durch einen höheren Anteil der auf einer Stroke Unit aufgenommenen Patienten erreicht werden. Im Rahmen der Nachbefragung von Patienten im regionalen Telemedizinnetzwerk TRANSIT-Stroke stellten Frauen mit 70,1% den größten Anteil der pflegenden Angehörigen dar. 74,4% der pflegenden Angehörigen war älter als 55 Jahre. In univariablen und multivariablen logistischen Regressionsanalysen waren ein hohes Alter, ein niedriger Barthel-Index bei Entlassung sowie das Vorliegen von Diabetes signifikant mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit assoziiert, Pflege von einem Angehörigen zu erhalten. Der Großteil der pflegenden Angehörigen möchte den Angehörigen pflegen und ist gleichzeitig dem Risiko gesundheitlicher Probleme ausgesetzt. Circa ein Fünftel der pflegenden Angehörigen berichtete finanzielle Belastungen aufgrund der Pflegesituation. Depressive Symptome der Patienten waren mit einer höheren Belastung der pflegenden Angehörigen hinsichtlich der selbsteingeschätzten Belastung und den positiven und negativen Erfahrungen assoziiert. Jüngere, männliche Schlaganfallpatienten, mit einem milderen Schlaganfall, die mit einer Partnerin oder Ehepartnerin zusammenleben, scheinen sich oft nicht bewusst zu sein, dass sie Pflege erhalten. Möglich ist hier, dass sie die Unterstützung und Pflege als „normal“ betrachten, während der Partner bzw. die Partnerin dies als tatsächliche Pflege wertet. Schlaganfallregister eignen sich, um die Qualität der Akutversorgung im Zeitverlauf zu monitorieren und Zusammenhänge zwischen der Einführung potentiell qualitätsverbessernder Maßnahmen und der tatsächlichen Qualität darstellen zu können. Die Qualität der Stroke Unit Versorgung in Deutschland ist auf einem hohen Niveau. Eine Verbesserung der Qualität könnte noch durch einen höheren Anteil der auf einer Stroke Unit aufgenommenen Patienten erreicht werden. Ein Großteil der Schlaganfallpatienten lebt im Anschluss an die Akutversorgung im häuslichen Umfeld, in dem pflegende Angehörige eine wichtige Rolle bei der Versorgung spielen. Pflegenden Angehörigen ist ihre Aufgabe wichtig, sind jedoch aufgrund der Pflege zugleich Belastungen hinsichtlich ihrer Gesundheit, der Gestaltung ihres täglichen Zeitplans und der Finanzen ausgesetzt. N2 - Since the mid-1990s, national and regional stroke registries have been established in Europe to provide information on the quality of acute stroke care. Up to now, little data on temporal trends regarding acute stroke care was available. However, these data are essential, for example, to evaluate associations between the introduction of a new quality assurance measure and the development of quality of care. The treatment of stroke patients at a stroke unit has become the standard of care due to clear evidence from both randomised and observational studies. Until now, it remained unclear whether demographic and clinical characteristics have an impact at direct admission to a Stroke unit. Furthermore, it was not known whether, and if so, to what extent, structural criteria and the proportion of patients being directly admitted to a stroke unit influence the quality of care. Following acute hospital treatment or appropriate rehabilitation, relatives often take care of stroke patients in the home environment. The situation of family caregivers of stroke patients in Germany has not been sufficiently evaluated so far. Based on this, in the first step of the present dissertation, temporal trends of the quality of acute stroke care of five national European stroke registries from Germany, England/Wales/Northern Ireland, Poland, Scotland, and Sweden were calculated according to previously defined evidence-based quality indicators within the framework of the “European Implementation Score” project. Subsequently, it was evaluated whether demographic and clinical characteristics influence the direct admission to a stroke unit as well as the influence of structural characteristics on the fulfilment of 11 evidence-based quality indicators in hospitals with a regional or supra-regional stroke unit. In the third step, demographic and clinical characteristics of stroke patients associated with receiving care by a family caregiver 3 months after stroke were evaluated. In addition, positive and negative experiences of caring for a stroke patient as well as self-rated burden were evaluated with standardised instruments (German version of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment and the Self-rated burden Scale) and factors associated with caregiving experiences have been identified. At the European level, we observed associations between the introduction of a new quality indicator and the improvement of quality of care. This was especially true for the introduction of the quality indicator screening for dysphagia within the German (2006) and Swedish stroke register (2007). Thus, it is possible that monitoring quality of care will lead to quality improvements respectively a more complete documentation. Overall, we found a high level of quality of acute stroke care at stroke units according to evidence-based quality indicators. Patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted at weekends (p<.0001), admitted within 3 hours of symptom onset (p<.0001), with hypertension (p<.0001), suffering from hyperlipidaemia (p<.0001) were more likely to be admitted directly to a stroke unit. In contrast, patients with a more severe stroke (NIHSS>15) had a lower chance of being admitted to a stroke unit (p<.0001). The influence of structural characteristics on the quality of stroke unit care was small. A larger proportion of patients being directly admitted to a stroke unit could still improve quality of care. Women made up the largest proportion of family caregivers with 70.1%. About 74% of family caregivers were older than 55 years. In univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses, advanced age, a lower Barthel Index at discharge and having diabetes were significantly associated with a higher probability of receiving care from a family caregiver. The majority of family caregivers want to take care of their relatives and are exposed to the risk of health problems at the same time. About one fifth of family caregivers reported financial burden du the care situation. Patients’ depressive symptoms were associated with higher burden among family caregivers in terms of self-rated burden and all domains of the positive and negative experiences. Younger, male stroke patients, with less severe stroke, living with a female partner or spouse, are often unaware that they are receiving care. It is possible that they see the support as “normal”, while the partner sees it as actual care. If possible, the perspective of family caregivers could be taken into account when applying for a care level. Stroke registries are suitable for monitoring the quality of acute care over time and observing correlations between the introduction of potentially quality-improving measures and actual quality. The quality of acute stroke care in Germany is at a high level. An improvement in quality could still be achieved through a higher proportion of patients admitted directly to a stroke unit. A large proportion of stroke patients is living at home following acute stroke care. Family caregivers care deeply about their role, but face difficulties at the same time with their health, daily schedule and finances because of the care they provide.   KW - Schlaganfall KW - Qualität KW - pflegende Angehörige KW - zeitliche Trends KW - Schlaganfallversorgung Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-261445 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Allgaier, Johannes A1 - Schlee, Winfried A1 - Probst, Thomas A1 - Pryss, Rüdiger T1 - Prediction of tinnitus perception based on daily life mHealth data using country origin and season JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Tinnitus is an auditory phantom perception without external sound stimuli. This chronic perception can severely affect quality of life. Because tinnitus symptoms are highly heterogeneous, multimodal data analyses are increasingly used to gain new insights. MHealth data sources, with their particular focus on country- and season-specific differences, can provide a promising avenue for new insights. Therefore, we examined data from the TrackYourTinnitus (TYT) mHealth platform to create symptom profiles of TYT users. We used gradient boosting engines to classify momentary tinnitus and regress tinnitus loudness, using country of origin and season as features. At the daily assessment level, tinnitus loudness can be regressed with a mean absolute error rate of 7.9% points. In turn, momentary tinnitus can be classified with an F1 score of 93.79%. Both results indicate differences in the tinnitus of TYT users with respect to season and country of origin. The significance of the features was evaluated using statistical and explainable machine learning methods. It was further shown that tinnitus varies with temperature in certain countries. The results presented show that season and country of origin appear to be valuable features when combined with longitudinal mHealth data at the level of daily assessment. KW - tinnitus KW - gradient boosting machine KW - mobile health KW - machine learning KW - multimodal data KW - explainable machine learning Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-281812 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 11 IS - 15 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Forchert, Leandra A1 - Potapova, Ekaterina A1 - Panetta, Valentina A1 - Dramburg, Stephanie A1 - Perna, Serena A1 - Posa, Daniela A1 - Resch‐Marat, Yvonne A1 - Lupinek, Christian A1 - Rohrbach, Alexander A1 - Grabenhenrich, Linus A1 - Icke, Katja A1 - Bauer, Carl‐Peter A1 - Hoffman, Ute A1 - Forster, Johannes A1 - Zepp, Fred A1 - Schuster, Antje A1 - Wahn, Ulrich A1 - Keil, Thomas A1 - Lau, Susanne A1 - Vrtala, Susanne A1 - Valenta, Rudolf A1 - Matricardi, Paolo Maria T1 - Der p 23‐specific IgE response throughout childhood and its association with allergic disease: A birth cohort study JF - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology N2 - Background The Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus molecule Der p 23 is a major allergen whose clinical relevance has been shown in cross‐sectional studies. We longitudinally analysed the trajectory of Der p 23‐specific IgE antibody (sIgE) levels throughout childhood and youth, their early‐life determinants and their clinical relevance for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Methods We obtained sera and clinical data of 191 participants of the German Multicentre Allergy Study, a prospective birth cohort. Serum samples from birth to 20 years of age with sIgE reactivity to Der p 23 in a customised semiquantitative microarray were newly analysed with a singleplex quantitative assay. Early mite exposure was assessed by measuring the average content of Der p 1 in house dust at 6 and 18 months. Results Der p 23‐sIgE levels were detected at least once in 97/191 participants (51%). Prevalence of Der p 23 sensitisation and mean sIgE levels increased until age 10 years, plateaued until age 13 years and were lowest at age 20 years. Asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AD) were more prevalent in Der p 23‐sensitised children, including those with monomolecular but persistent sensitisation (11/97, 11%). A higher exposure to mites in infancy and occurrence of AD before 5 years of age preceded the onset of Der p 23 sensitisation, which in turn preceded a higher incidence of asthma. Conclusions Der p 23 sensitisation peaks in late childhood and then decreases. It is preceded by early mite exposure and AD. Asthma and AR can occur in patients persistently sensitised to Der p 23 as the only mite allergen, suggesting the inclusion of molecular testing of Der p 23‐sIgE for subjects with clinical suspicion of HDM allergy but without sIgE to other major D.pt. allergens. KW - asthma KW - birth cohort KW - childhood KW - Der p 23 KW - house dust mite allergy KW - IgE Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-287181 VL - 33 IS - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlee, Winfried A1 - Neff, Patrick A1 - Simoes, Jorge A1 - Langguth, Berthold A1 - Schoisswohl, Stefan A1 - Steinberger, Heidi A1 - Norman, Marie A1 - Spiliopoulou, Myra A1 - Schobel, Johannes A1 - Hannemann, Ronny A1 - Pryss, Rüdiger T1 - Smartphone-guided educational counseling and self-help for chronic tinnitus JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Tinnitus is an auditory phantom perception in the ears or head in the absence of a corresponding external stimulus. There is currently no effective treatment available that reliably reduces tinnitus. Educational counseling is a treatment approach that aims to educate patients and inform them about possible coping strategies. For this feasibility study, we implemented educational material and self-help advice in a smartphone app. Participants used the educational smartphone app unsupervised during their daily routine over a period of four months. Comparing the tinnitus outcome measures before and after smartphone-guided treatment, we measured changes in tinnitus-related distress, but not in tinnitus loudness. Improvements on the Tinnitus Severity numeric rating scale reached an effect size of 0.408, while the improvements on the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) were much smaller with an effect size of 0.168. An analysis of user behavior showed that frequent and intensive use of the app is a crucial factor for treatment success: participants that used the app more often and interacted with the app intensively reported a stronger improvement in the tinnitus. Between study allocation and final assessment, 26 of 52 participants dropped out of the study. Reasons for the dropouts and lessons for future studies are discussed in this paper. KW - tinnitus KW - self-help KW - ecological momentary assessment KW - ehealth KW - smart-phone KW - intervention Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-267295 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 11 IS - 7 ER - TY - THES A1 - Riegler, Christoph Paul T1 - Eine deutschsprachige Variante des Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST): Übereinstimmung zwischen Selbsteinschätzung und Fremdeinschätzung T1 - A German variant of the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST): Agreement of self-assessment with external assessment N2 - Die Erhebung der alltäglichen Funktionsfähigkeit mithilfe von Skalen zu instrumentellen Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens (IADL) ist essenziell zur Erfassung der individuellen und gesellschaftlichen Konsequenzen von klinischen und subklinischen Erkrankungen. Im deutschsprachigen Raum existieren jedoch nur wenige validierte Instrumente zur Erfassung von IADL. Da all diese Skalen für ein geriatrisches Patientenkollektiv entwickelt wurden, haben sie wichtige Schwächen in der Anwendung bei jüngeren Patientengruppen (insbesondere die fehlende Erfassung beruflicher Funktionsfähigkeit). Aus diesem Grund wurde im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit mit dem Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) ein bereits in mehreren Sprachen validiertes, für erwachsene Patienten jedweden Alters konzipiertes Instrument mit sehr guten psychometrischen Kennwerten ins Deutsche übertragen und hinsichtlich Validität und Reliabilität untersucht. Die deutschsprachige Variante des FAST wurde durch standardisierte vorwärts-rückwärts-Übersetzung aus dem Englischen erstellt und ist als Selbstausfüllerfragebogen konzipiert. Die Skala enthält 23 ordinal skalierte Einzelitems, aus denen sich ein Summenscore berechnen lässt, wobei höhere Werte für eine schlechtere alltägliche Funktionsfähigkeit stehen. Der Fragebogen wurde zwischen 2017 und 2018 an insgesamt 120 Teilnehmern in Würzburg und Münster getestet, von denen 60 aus bevölkerungsbasierten Kohortenstudien stammten und je 30 Patienten aufgrund eines ischämischen Schlaganfalls oder einer akuten Depression stationär behandelt wurden. Als Maß für die Reliabilität des Instrumentes wurde die Übereinstimmung zwischen Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzung der alltäglichen Funktionsfähigkeit (Fremdeinschätzung durch Angehörige der Teilnehmer bzw. behandelnde Ärzte / Psychologen) mithilfe des FAST gewählt. Die Validität der Skala wurde durch die Messung von Korrelationen des FAST Summenscores mit gängigen Skalen zu Depressivität (PHQ-D-9, CES-D), Angstsymptomatik (PHQ-GAD-7), gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität (SF-12, EQ-5D) und kognitiver Leistungsfähigkeit (MOCA) erhoben. Daneben erfolgte eine uni- und multivariate Regression zur Erhebung des Einflusses der o.g. Skalen und relevanter Vorerkrankungen auf den Summenscore des FAST. Die Reliabilitätsanalyse zeigte für die Probanden aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung ein moderates (ICC 0.50 (95%-CI 0.64 – 0.54), für die Patienten mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall ein gutes (ICC 0.65 (95%-CI 0.55 – 0.75) und für die stationär behandelten Patienten mit Depression ein schlechtes Ergebnis (ICC 0.11 (95%-CI 0.02 – 0.20). Hinsichtlich der Konstruktvalidität zeigte sich in der bevölkerungsbasierten Stichprobe eine signifikante Korrelation des FAST Summenscores mit PHQ-D-9, CES-D, PHQ-GAD-7 und psychischer Summenskala der SF-12. In der univariablen Regression waren PHQ-D9, PHQ-GAD-7, psychische Summenskala des SF-12 und das Vorliegen von chronischem Rückenschmerz signifikante Prädiktoren für den FAST Summenscore. In der multivariablen Analyse verblieben SF-12 und chronischer Rückenschmerz als signifikante Einflussfaktoren. In der Stichprobe von Patienten mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall zeigte sich eine signifikante, negative Korrelation des FAST Summenscores mit dem MOCA. Zusammenfassend zeigte die deutschsprachige Variante des FAST moderate bis gute psychometrische Kennwerte in der Allgemeinbevölkerung und bei Patienten mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall, während die Ergebnisse bei stationär behandelten Patienten mit Depression schlecht waren. Aufgrund der kleinen Fallzahl der untersuchten Stichproben und des fehlenden Assessment von Test-Retest-Reliabilität sollten vor der breiten Anwendung des FAST im deutschsprachigen Raum weitere psychometrische Prüfungen des Instruments erfolgen. N2 - Assessment of functional impairment via IADL scales is crucial in determining the individual and social consequences of clinical and subclinical diseases. There is only a limited number of validated IADL scales in the German-speaking area. Since all these scales were developed to assess functional impairment in geriatric patients, they possess relevant weaknesses when assessing younger individuals, such as a lack of questions on occupational functioning. Therefore, we created a German variant of the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST); an IADL scale that has been validated in various languages with excellent psychometric properties and is applicable to patients of all ages. The German variant of the FAST was developed following a standardized forward-backward translation protocol and is designed as a selfadministered questionnaire. The scale contains 23 ordinal-scaled items of which a sum score can be calculated, whereat higher values on the scale account for more difficulties in activities of daily living. Between 2015 and 2016, 120 participants were enrolled and assessed with the FAST questionnaire in Würzburg and Münster. Sixty patients were derived from two ongoing population-based studies, while 30 participants were inpatients treated for depression and 30 participants were inpatients admitted to a neurological clinic due to acute ischemic stroke. To assess reliability of the FAST scale, the agreement between self-assessment and external assessment by relatives (in participants from the general population and stroke patients) or treating physicians / psychologists (in patients treated for acute depression) was calculated. Validity was assessed by conducting correlations with established scales of depression (PHQD- 9, CES-D), anxiety (PHQ-GAD-7), health-related quality of life (SF-12, VAS from EQ-5D) and cognitive functioning (MOCA). Furthermore, uni- and multivariable regression analyses were conducted using the aforementioned scales together with relevant diagnoses from the participants record to identify predictors of higher values of the FAST scale. Reliability was moderate for patients form the general population (ICC 0.50 (95%-CI 0.64 – 0.54), good for inpatients admitted for acute ischemic stroke (ICC 0.65 (95%-CI 0.55 – 0.75) and poor for inpatients admitted for acute depression (ICC 0.11 (95%-CI 0.02 – 0.20). Regarding construct validity, a significant correlation of the FAST scale with PHQ-D-9, CESD, PHQ-GAD-7 and the mental component of the SF-12 was found in patients derived from the general population. In univariable regression analysis the PHQ-D-9, the PHQ-GAD-7, the mental component of the SF-12 and the presence of chronic back pain explained variance of the FAST scale. In multivariable regression, chronic back pain together with SF-12 remained significant predictors. In the sample of patients treated for acute ischemic stroke, a significant negative correlation between FAST score and MOCA score was detected. In conclusion, the German variant of the FAST yielded moderate to good psychometric properties in the general population and patients treated for acute ischemic stroke, while reliability was poor in inpatients with acute depression. Due to the small sample size and the lack of assessment of test-retest-reliability, the German variant of the FAST should be tested in a larger sample before the scale can be broadly used in research and clinical practice. KW - Functioning Assessment Short Test KW - Instrumental Activities of Daily Living KW - Fragebogen KW - alltägliche Funktionsfähigkeit KW - instrumentelle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-288931 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bolm, Louisa A1 - Zemskov, Sergii A1 - Zeller, Maria A1 - Baba, Taisuke A1 - Roldan, Jorge A1 - Harrison, Jon M. A1 - Petruch, Natalie A1 - Sato, Hiroki A1 - Petrova, Ekaterina A1 - Lapshyn, Hryhoriy A1 - Braun, Ruediger A1 - Honselmann, Kim C. A1 - Hummel, Richard A1 - Dronov, Oleksii A1 - Kirichenko, Alexander V. A1 - Klinkhammer-Schalke, Monika A1 - Kleihues-van Tol, Kees A1 - Zeissig, Sylke R. A1 - Rades, Dirk A1 - Keck, Tobias A1 - Fernandez-del Castillo, Carlos A1 - Wellner, Ulrich F. A1 - Wegner, Rodney E. T1 - Concepts and outcomes of perioperative therapy in stage IA-III pancreatic cancer — a cross-validation of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and the German Cancer Registry Group of the Society of German Tumor Centers (GCRG/ADT) JF - Cancers N2 - (1) Background: The aim of this study is to assess perioperative therapy in stage IA-III pancreatic cancer cross-validating the German Cancer Registry Group of the Society of German Tumor Centers — Network for Care, Quality, and Research in Oncology, Berlin (GCRG/ADT) and the National Cancer Database (NCDB). (2) Methods: Patients with clinical stage IA-III PDAC undergoing surgery alone (OP), neoadjuvant therapy (TX) + surgery (neo + OP), surgery+adjuvantTX (OP + adj) and neoadjuvantTX + surgery + adjuvantTX (neo + OP + adj) were identified. Baseline characteristics, histopathological parameters, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. (3) Results: 1392 patients from the GCRG/ADT and 29,081 patients from the NCDB were included. Patient selection and strategies of perioperative therapy remained consistent across the registries for stage IA-III pancreatic cancer. Combined neo + OP + adj was associated with prolonged OS as compared to neo + OP alone (17.8 m vs. 21.3 m, p = 0.012) across all stages in the GCRG/ADT registry. Similarly, OS with neo + OP + adj was improved as compared to neo + OP in the NCDB registry (26.4 m vs. 35.4 m, p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: The cross-validation study demonstrated similar concepts and patient selection criteria of perioperative therapy across clinical stages of PDAC. Neoadjuvant therapy combined with adjuvant therapy is associated with improved overall survival as compared to either therapy alone. KW - pancreatic cancer KW - perioperative therapy KW - neoadjuvant therapy KW - pancreatic surgery Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-262174 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 14 IS - 4 ER - TY - THES A1 - Sahiti, Floran T1 - Myocardial Work – Application and Clinical Characterization of a New Echocardiographic Tool T1 - Myocardial Work – Anwendung und klinische Charakterisierung einer neuen Echokardiographie-basierten Methode N2 - 1 Summary Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) are the most commonly used measures of LV function. Yet, they are highly dependent on loading conditions since higher afterload yields lower systolic deformation and thereby a lower LVEF and GLS – despite presumably unchanged LV myocardial contractile strength. Invasive pressure-volume loop measurements represent the reference standard to assess LV function, also considering loading conditions. However, this procedure cannot be used in serial investigations or large sample populations due to its invasive nature. The novel concept of echocardiography-derived assessment of myocardial work (MyW) is based on LV pressure-strain loops, may be a valuable alternative to overcome these challenges, and may also be used with relative ease in large populations. As MyW also accounts for afterload, it is considered less load-dependent than LVEF and GLS. The current PhD work addresses the application and clinical characterization of MyW, an innovative echocardiographic tool. As the method is new, we focused on four main topics: (a) To establish reference values for MyW indices, i.e., Global Work Index (GWI), Global Constructive Work (GCW), Global Wasted Work (GWW), and Global Work Efficiency (GWE); we addressed a wide age range and evaluated the association of MyW indices with age, sex and other clinical and echocardiography parameters in apparently cardiovascular healthy individuals. (b) To investigate the impact of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors on MyW indices and characterize the severity of subclinical LV deterioration in the general population. (c) To assess the association of the LV geometry, i.e., LV mass and dimensions, with MyW indices. (d) To evaluate in-hospital dynamics of MyW indices in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF). For the PhD thesis, we could make use of two larger cohorts: The STAAB population-based cohort study prospectively recruited and phenotyped a representative sample (5,000 individuals) of the general population of the City of Würzburg, aged 30-79 years and free from symptomatic heart failure at the time of inclusion. We focused on the first half of the study sample (n=2473 individuals), which fulfilled the anticipated strata regarding age and sex. The Acute Heart Failure (AHF) Registry is a prospective clinical registry recruiting and phenotyping consecutive patients admitted for decompensated AHF to the Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, and observing the natural course of the disease. The AHF Registry focuses on the pathophysiological understanding, particularly in relation to the early phase after cardiac decompensation, with the aim to improve diagnosis and better-tailored treatment of patients with AHF. For the current study, we concentrated on patients who provided pairs of echocardiograms acquired early after index hospital admission and prior to discharge. The main findings of the PhD thesis were: From the STAAB cohort study, we determined the feasibility of large-scale MyW derivation and the accuracy of the method. We established reference values for MyW indices based on 779 analyzable, apparently healthy participants (mean age 49 ± 10 years, 59% women), who were in sinus rhythm, free from CV risk factors or CV disease, and had no significant LV valve disease. Apart from GWI, there were no associations of other MyW indices with sex. Further, we found a disparate association with age, where MyW showed stable values until the age of 45 years, with an upward shift occurring beyond the age of 45. A higher age decade was associated with higher GWW and lower GWE, respectively. MyW indices only correlated weakly with common echocardiographic parameters, suggesting that MyW may add incremental information to clinically established parameters. Further analyses from the STAAB cohort study contributed to a better understanding of the impact of CV risk factors on MyW indices and the association of LV geometry with LV performance. We demonstrated that CV risk factors impacted selectively on GCW and GWW. Hypertension appears to profoundly compromise the work of the myocardium, in particular, by increasing both GCW and GWW. The LV in hypertension seems to operate at a higher energy level yet lower efficiency. Other classical CV risk factors (Diabetes mellitus, Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Smoking) – independent of blood pressure – impacted consistently and adversely on GCW but did not affect GWW. Further, all CV risk factors affected GWE adversely. We observed that any deviation from a normal LV geometric profile was associated with alterations on MyW. Of note, MyW was sensitive to early changes in LV mass and dimensions. Individuals with normal LV geometry yet established arterial hypertension exhibited a MyW pattern that is typically found in LV hypertrophy. Therefore, such a pattern might serve as an early sign of myocardial damage in hypertensive heart disease and might aid in risk stratification and primary prevention. From the AHF Registry, we selected individuals with serial in-hospital echocardiograms and described in-hospital changes in myocardial performance during recompensation. In patients presenting with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), decreasing N-terminal pro-natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels as a surrogate of successful recompensation were associated with an improvement in GCW and GWI and consecutively in GWE. In contrast, in patients presenting with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), there was no significant change in GCW and GWI. However, unsuccessful recompensation, i.e., no change or an increase in NT-proBNP levels, was associated with an increase in GWW. This suggests a differential myocardial response to de- and recompensation depending on the HF phenotype. Further, GWW as a surrogate of inappropriate LV energy consumption was elevated in all patients with AHF (compared to reference values) and was not associated with conventional markers as LVEF or NT-proBNP. In an exploratory analysis, GWW predicted the risk of death or rehospitalization within six months after discharge. Hence, GWW might carry incremental information beyond conventional markers of HF severity. N2 - 2 Zusammenfassung Die linksventrikuläre (LV) Ejektionsfraktion (EF) und der Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) sind die am häufigsten verwendeten Maße der LV-Funktion. Sie sind jedoch stark von den jeweiligen Belastungsbedingungen abhängig, da eine höhere Nachlast zu einer geringeren systolischen Deformation und somit zu einer niedrigeren LVEF und GLS führt, trotz einer vermutlich unveränderten myokardialen Kontraktionsstärke. Intrakardiale Druck-Volumen-Schleifenmessungen stellen den Referenzstandard zur Beurteilung der LV-Funktion dar, da hiermit auch die umfassende Berücksichtigung der Lastbedingungen (Vorlast, Nachlast) möglich ist. Dieses Verfahren lässt sich jedoch aufgrund des invasiven Charakters nur schwer in Follow-up Untersuchungen oder großen Studienpopulationen einsetzen. Angelehnt an die Prinzipien dieser invasiven Technik, wurde vor kurzem das neuartige Konzept der Echokardiographie-abgeleiteten Beurteilung der Myokardarbeit (MyW) entwickelt. Dieser Ansatz wertet Druck-Strain-Schleifen aus und berücksichtigt den Einfluss der Nachlast, so dass MyW als weniger lastabhängig gilt verglichen mit LVEF und GLS. Die Analyse von MyW könnte deshalb eine wertvolle Alternative sein, um den o.g. Herausforderungen zu begegnen. Die Methode lässt sich in großen Stichproben, ggf. auch wiederholt, einsetzen. Die hier vorgelegte Dissertation befasst sich mit der Anwendung und klinischen Charakterisierung von MyW, einer innovativen echokardiographischen Methode. Der Fokus lag auf vier Themenbereichen: (a) Festlegung von Referenzwerten für MyW-Indizes, d. h. Global Work Index (GWI), Global Constructive Work (GCW), Global Wasted Work (GWW) und Global Work Efficiency (GWE); wir adressierten einen breiten Altersbereich und quantifizierten die Assoziation der MyW-Indizes mit Alter, Geschlecht und weiteren klinischen und echokardiographischen Parametern bei kardiovaskulär gesunden Normalpersonen. (b) Untersuchung des Einflusses kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren auf die MyW-Indizes und die Charakterisierung einer subklinischen LV-Verschlechterung in der Allgemeinbevölkerung. (c) Bewertung der Assoziation der MyW-Indizes mit der LV-Geometrie, insbesondere der LV-Masse und der LV-Dimensionen. (d) Bewertung der Dynamik der MyW-Indizes im Krankenhaus bei Patienten, die wegen akuter Herzinsuffizienz (AHF) ins Krankenhaus aufgenommen wurden. Im Rahmen der hier vorgelegten Dissertation wurden die Daten zweier größerer Kohorten herangezogen: Die bevölkerungsbasierte STAAB-Kohortenstudie rekrutierte und phänotypisierte prospektiv eine repräsentative Stichprobe (5.000 Personen) der Allgemeinbevölkerung der Stadt Würzburg im Alter von 30-79 Jahren, die zum Zeitpunkt des Einschlusses keine vorbeschriebene Herzinsuffizienz hatten. Wir konzentrierten uns auf die erste Hälfte der Studienstichprobe (n=2473 Personen), welche die erwarteten Stratifizierung bezüglich Alter und Geschlecht erfüllten. Das Acute Heart Failure (AHF) Register ist ein klinisches Register zur Rekrutierung und Phänotypisierung von konsekutiven Patienten, die wegen akut dekompensierter Herzinsuffizienz in die Medizinische Klinik I des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg aufgenommen wurden. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, das pathophysiologische Verständnis insbesondere in Bezug auf die Frühphase nach einer kardialen Dekompensation zu verbessern und damit die gezielte Diagnostik und Therapie von Patienten mit AHF zu verbessern. Wir fokussierten hier auf Patienten, bei denen im Krankenhaus zwei Echokardiogramme durchgeführt wurden: früh nach Aufnahme ins Krankenhaus und kurz vor der Entlassung. Die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der hier vorgelegten Dissertation sind: Aus den Daten der STAAB-Kohortenstudie wurden Referenzwerte für MyW-Indizes etabliert, die auf Auswertungen von insgesamt 779 gesunden Normalpersonen (mittleres Alter 49 ± 10 Jahre, 59% Frauen) mit Sinusrhythmus beruhen. Diese Probanden wiesen gemäß der Ergebnisse einer umfangreichen Eingangsuntersuchung keine kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren oder Erkrankungen auf und zeigten echokardiographisch keinen Hinweis auf eine LV-Klappenerkrankung. Mit der Ausnahme von GWI fanden sich keine Assoziationen der MyW-Indizes mit dem Geschlecht. Darüber hinaus zeigte sich eine Altersabhängigkeit der MyW-Indizes. Bis zum Alter von 45 Jahren wies MyW stabile Werte auf, jenseits des 45. Lebensjahres jedoch eine Aufwärtsverschiebung: dabei war eine zunehmend höhere Altersdekade mit mehr GWW bzw. weniger GWE verbunden. Die MyW-Indizes korrelierten nur schwach mit üblichen echokardiographischen Parametern, was darauf hindeuten könnte, dass MyW zusätzliche Informationen jenseits klinisch etablierter Variablen beitragen kann. Weitere Analysen aus der STAAB-Kohortenstudie trugen zu einem besseren Verständnis des Einflusses kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren auf die MyW-Indizes und der Assoziation der LV-Geometrie mit der LV-Leistung bei. Wir zeigten, dass kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren sich selektiv auf GCW und GWW auswirken. Hypertonie beeinträchtigte die Arbeit des Myokards zutiefst, insbesondere durch die Erhöhung sowohl des GCW als auch des GWW. Der LV arbeitet demnach bei Hypertonie auf einem höheren Energieniveau – jedoch mit geringerer Effizienz. Andere klassische kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren (Diabetes mellitus, Adipositas, Dyslipidämie, Rauchen), wirkten sich unabhängig vom Blutdruck durchweg negativ auf GCW aus, zeigten jedoch keinen Einfluss auf GWW. Darüber hinaus wirkten sich alle kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren nachteilig auf GWE aus. Jede Abweichung von einem normalen LV-Geometrie Profil war mit Änderungen der MyW verbunden. Bemerkenswert war, dass MyW empfindlich auf frühe Veränderungen der LV-Masse und -Dimensionen reagierte. Personen mit arterieller Hypertonie aber noch normaler LV-Geometrie zeigten ein myokardiales Arbeitsmuster, das ansonsten typischerweise bei LV-Hypertrophie zu finden ist. Somit könnte dieses Muster als frühes Zeichen einer Myokardschädigung bei hypertensiver Herzerkrankung dienen und bei der Risikostratifizierung und Primärprävention helfen. Aus dem AHF-Register wählten wir Personen mit seriellen Echokardiogrammen im Krankenhaus aus und beschrieben Veränderungen der myokardialen Leistung während der Rekompensationsphase beschrieben. Als Surrogat einer Rekompensation zogen wir während der Hospitalisierung sinkende Spiegel von N-terminalem pro-natriuretischem Peptid (NT-proBNP) heran. Bei Patienten mit reduzierter Ejektonfraktion (HFrEF) waren fallende NT-proBNP Werte (i. S. einer erfolgreichen Rekompensation) mit einer Verbesserung von GCW und GWI und konsekutiv auch von GWE verbunden. Im Gegensatz dazu gab es bei Patienten, die eine erhaltene Ejektonfraktionsfraktion aufwiesen (HFpEF), keine signifikante Veränderung von GCW und GWI. Eine erfolglose Rekompensation, d. h. keine Veränderung oder ein potenzieller Anstieg von NT-proBNP, war jedoch mit einem Anstieg von GWW verbunden. Wir interpretierten dies als unterschiedliche myokardiale Reaktion auf De- und Rekompensation in Abhängigkeit vom Herzinsuffizienz-Phänotyp. Darüber hinaus war GWW als Surrogat eines unangemessenen LV-Energieverbrauchs bei allen Patienten mit AHF erhöht (im Vergleich zu Referenzwerten) und korrelierte mit keinem der konventionellen Marker. In einer explorativen Analyse war GWW ein starker Prädiktor für das Risiko, im Verlauf der nächsten sechs Monaten nach Krankenhausentlassung zu sterben oder erneut hospitalisiert zu werden. Damit könnte die GWW zusätzliche Informationen enthalten, die über die konventionellen Marker für den Schweregrad der Herzinsuffizienz hinausgehen. KW - Myocardial Work KW - Echocardiography KW - Heart Failure KW - Hypertension KW - STAAB Cohort Study KW - Wasted Work KW - Cardiac Efficiency KW - Herzinsuffizienz KW - Echokardiographie KW - myokardiale Arbeit KW - LV Function Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-282261 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stangl, Stephanie T1 - Versorgung von Patientinnen und Patienten mit Brustkrebs in einer überwiegend ländlich geprägten Region T1 - Provision of breast cancer care in a mainly rural area N2 - Für die Diagnose und Therapie von Brustkrebs existiert die nationale evidenz- und konsensbasierte S3-Leitlinie. Die klinischen Krebsregister stellen sektor- und facharztübergreifende Diagnose- und Therapiedaten zur Qualitätssicherung bereit. Bislang fehlen jedoch Daten bezüglich patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Aufgrund des demographischen Wandels werden Brustkrebserkrankungen vor allem in ländlichen Regionen weiter zunehmen, weshalb Versorgungsstrukturen für alle Patientinnen erreichbar sein sollten. Es wurde ein patientenorientiertes Registerkonzept (Breast Cancer Care for patients with metastatic disease (BRE-4-MED)) für den metastasierten Brustkrebs entwickelt und hinsichtlich vordefinierter Machbarkeitskriterien pilotiert. An der BRE-4-MED-Pilotstudie nahmen 31 Patientinnen (96.8% weiblich) teil. Die bayernweite Erreichbarkeit zu brustkrebsspezifischen Versorgungsstrukturen wurde mithilfe einer Geographic Information System (GIS)-Analyse untersucht. Anhand von Leitlinienempfehlungen und Ergebnissen der BRE-4-MED-Pilotstudie wurden relevante Versorgungsstrukturen identifiziert. Die Ergebnisse der Pilotstudie zeigen, dass die Integration von Primär- und Sekundärdaten aus verschiedenen Quellen in ein zentrales Studienregister machbar ist und die erforderlichen organisatorischen Prozesse (z. B. data linkage mit Krebsregister) funktionieren. Die Ergebnisse der Erreichbarkeitsanalyse verdeutlichen, dass es keine bayernweite Erreichbarkeit zu brustkrebsspezifischen Versorgungsstrukturen gibt. Am stärksten war dieser Zusammenhang in grenznahen Regionen ausgeprägt. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt Chancen für eine patientenorientierte, qualitätsgesicherte Brustkrebsversorgung unabhängig vom Wohnort auf. N2 - For the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer evidence- and consensus-based recommendations are provided by the national S3-guideline. The comprehensive clinical cancer registries provide intersectoral and multispecialty data on diagnosis and therapy for quality assurance. However, information on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are still lacking. With demographic change, breast cancer will continue to increase, especially in rural areas. Therefore, care structures should be accessible to all patients. A patient-centered registry concept (Breast Cancer Care for patients with metastatic disease (BRE-4-MED)) has been developed for metastatic breast cancer. The concept was tested in a pilot study utilizing predefined feasibility criteria. Bavaria-wide accessibility to breast cancer-specific care structures was studied using a Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis. Guideline recommendations and results of the BRE-4-MED pilot study were used to identify relevant care structures. Thirty-one patients (96.8% female) from four certified breast centers of Mainfranken participated. The results of the pilot study show that the integration of primary and secondary data from different sources into a central database is feasible and the underlying organizational processes (e.g., data linkage with the cancer registry, central follow-up survey) worked out. The results of the accessibility analysis show that women from urban regions had a higher chance of reaching selected care structures than women from rural regions. This relationship was most pronounced for border-close areas. This thesis highlights opportunities for patient-centered and quality-assured breast cancer care regardless of patients’ residence. KW - Brustkrebs KW - Klinischer Behandlungspfad KW - Patientenorientierte Medizin KW - Ländlicher Raum KW - Qualitätssicherung KW - Versorgungsqualität KW - Leitlinien KW - Patienten-orientierte Versorgung Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-282474 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sahiti, Floran A1 - Morbach, Caroline A1 - Cejka, Vladimir A1 - Tiffe, Theresa A1 - Wagner, Martin A1 - Eichner, Felizitas A. A1 - Gelbrich, Götz A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Störk, Stefan T1 - Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on myocardial work-insights from the STAAB cohort study JF - Journal of Human Hypertension N2 - Myocardial work is a new echocardiography-based diagnostic tool, which allows to quantify left ventricular performance based on pressure-strain loops, and has been validated against invasively derived pressure-volume measurements. Myocardial work is described by its components (global constructive work [GCW], global wasted work [GWW]) and indices (global work index [GWI], global work efficiency [GWE]). Applying this innovative concept, we characterized the prevalence and severity of subclinical left ventricular compromise in the general population and estimated its association with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Within the Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure STAges A/B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) cohort study we comprehensively phenotyped a representative sample of the population of Würzburg, Germany, aged 30-79 years. Indices of myocardial work were determined in 1929 individuals (49.3% female, mean age 54 ± 12 years). In multivariable analysis, hypertension was associated with a mild increase in GCW, but a profound increase in GWW, resulting in higher GWI and lower GWE. All other CV risk factors were associated with lower GCW and GWI, but not with GWW. The association of hypertension and obesity with GWI was stronger in women. We conclude that traditional CV risk factors impact selectively and gender-specifically on left ventricular myocardial performance, independent of systolic blood pressure. Quantifying active systolic and diastolic compromise by derivation of myocardial work advances our understanding of pathophysiological processes in health and cardiac disease. KW - myocardial work KW - left ventricular performance KW - cardiovascular risk factors Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-271770 SN - 1476-5527 VL - 36 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sommer, Kim K. A1 - Amr, Ali A1 - Bavendiek, Udo A1 - Beierle, Felix A1 - Brunecker, Peter A1 - Dathe, Henning A1 - Eils, Jürgen A1 - Ertl, Maximilian A1 - Fette, Georg A1 - Gietzelt, Matthias A1 - Heidecker, Bettina A1 - Hellenkamp, Kristian A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Hoos, Jennifer D. E. A1 - Kesztyüs, Tibor A1 - Kerwagen, Fabian A1 - Kindermann, Aljoscha A1 - Krefting, Dagmar A1 - Landmesser, Ulf A1 - Marschollek, Michael A1 - Meder, Benjamin A1 - Merzweiler, Angela A1 - Prasser, Fabian A1 - Pryss, Rüdiger A1 - Richter, Jendrik A1 - Schneider, Philipp A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Dieterich, Christoph T1 - Structured, harmonized, and interoperable integration of clinical routine data to compute heart failure risk scores JF - Life N2 - Risk prediction in patients with heart failure (HF) is essential to improve the tailoring of preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies for the individual patient, and effectively use health care resources. Risk scores derived from controlled clinical studies can be used to calculate the risk of mortality and HF hospitalizations. However, these scores are poorly implemented into routine care, predominantly because their calculation requires considerable efforts in practice and necessary data often are not available in an interoperable format. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of a multi-site solution to derive and calculate two exemplary HF scores from clinical routine data (MAGGIC score with six continuous and eight categorical variables; Barcelona Bio-HF score with five continuous and six categorical variables). Within HiGHmed, a German Medical Informatics Initiative consortium, we implemented an interoperable solution, collecting a harmonized HF-phenotypic core data set (CDS) within the openEHR framework. Our approach minimizes the need for manual data entry by automatically retrieving data from primary systems. We show, across five participating medical centers, that the implemented structures to execute dedicated data queries, followed by harmonized data processing and score calculation, work well in practice. In summary, we demonstrated the feasibility of clinical routine data usage across multiple partner sites to compute HF risk scores. This solution can be extended to a large spectrum of applications in clinical care. KW - medical informatics initiative KW - HiGHmed KW - medical data integration center KW - clinical routine data KW - heart failure KW - risk prediction scores KW - semantic interoperability KW - openEHR Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-275239 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 12 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jírů-Hillmann, Steffi A1 - Gabriel, Katharina M. A. A1 - Schuler, Michael A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Mühler, Johannes A1 - Dötter, Klaus A1 - Soda, Hassan A1 - Rascher, Alexandra A1 - Benesch, Sonka A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Pfau, Mathias A1 - Stenzel, Joachim A1 - von Nippold, Karin A1 - Benghebrid, Mohamed A1 - Schulte, Kerstin A1 - Meinck, Ralf A1 - Volkmann, Jens A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Experiences of family caregivers 3-months after stroke: results of the prospective trans-regional network for stroke intervention with telemedicine registry (TRANSIT-Stroke) JF - BMC Geriatrics N2 - Background Long-term support of stroke patients living at home is often delivered by family caregivers (FC). We identified characteristics of stroke patients being associated with receiving care by a FC 3-months (3 M) after stroke, assessed positive and negative experiences and individual burden of FC caring for stroke patients and determined factors associated with caregiving experiences and burden of FC 3 M after stroke. Methods Data were collected within TRANSIT-Stroke, a regional telemedical stroke-network comprising 12 hospitals in Germany. Patients with stroke/TIA providing informed consent were followed up 3 M after the index event. The postal patient-questionnaire was accompanied by an anonymous questionnaire for FC comprising information on positive and negative experiences of FC as well as on burden of caregiving operationalized by the Caregiver Reaction Assessment and a self-rated burden-scale, respectively. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. Results Between 01/2016 and 06/2019, 3532 patients provided baseline and 3 M-follow-up- data and 1044 FC responded to questionnaires regarding positive and negative caregiving experiences and caregiving burden. 74.4% of FC were older than 55 years, 70.1% were women and 67.5% were spouses. Older age, diabetes and lower Barthel-Index in patients were significantly associated with a higher probability of receiving care by a FC at 3 M. Positive experiences of FC comprised the importance (81.5%) and the privilege (70.0%) of caring for their relative; negative experiences of FC included financial difficulties associated with caregiving (20.4%). Median overall self-rated burden was 30 (IQR: 0–50; range 0–100). Older age of stroke patients was associated with a lower caregiver burden, whereas younger age of FC led to higher burden. More than half of the stroke patients in whom a FC questionnaire was completed did self-report that they are not being cared by a FC. This stroke patient group tended to be younger, more often male with less severe stroke and less comorbidities who lived more often with a partner. Conclusions The majority of caregivers wanted to care for their relatives but experienced burden at the same time. Elderly patients, patients with a lower Barthel Index at discharge and diabetes are at higher risk of needing care by a family caregiver. Trial registration The study was registered at “German Clinical Trial Register”: DRKS00011696. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00011696 KW - family caregiver KW - informal care KW - stroke KW - stroke care KW - telemedicine network Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-313330 VL - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heß, Verena A1 - Meng, Karin A1 - Schulte, Thomas A1 - Neuderth, Silke A1 - Bengel, Jürgen A1 - Faller, Hermann A1 - Schuler, Michael T1 - Decreased mental health, quality of life, and utilization of professional help in cancer patients with unexpressed needs: A longitudinal analysis JF - Psycho-Oncology N2 - Background Cancer patients' mental health and quality of life can be improved through professional support according to their needs. In previous analyses of the UNSAID study, we showed that a relevant proportion of cancer patients did not express their needs during the admission interview of inpatient rehabilitation. We now examine trajectories of mental health, quality of life, and utilization of professional help in cancer patients with unexpressed needs. Methods We enrolled 449 patients with breast, prostate, and colon cancer at beginning (T0) and end (T1) of a 3-week inpatient rehabilitation and 3 (T2) and 9 (T3) months after discharge. We explored depression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-2), emotional functioning (EORTC QLQ-C30), fear of progression (FoP-Q-SF), and global quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) using structuring equation models. Furthermore, we evaluated self-reports about expressing needs and utilization of professional help at follow-up. Results Patients with unexpressed needs (24.3%, n = 107) showed decreased mental health compared to other patients (e.g., depression: d T0 = 0.32, d T1-T3 = 0.39). They showed a significant decline in global quality of life at discharge and follow-up (d = 0.28). Furthermore, they had a higher need for support (Cramer's V T2 = 0.10, T3 = 0.15), talked less about their needs (Cramer’s V T2 = 0.18), and made less use of different health care services at follow-up. Conclusion Unexpressed needs in cancer patients may be a risk factor for decreased mental health, quality of life, and non-utilization of professional help in the long term. Further research should clarify causal relationships and focus on this specific group of patients to improve cancer care. KW - cancer KW - longitudinal decrease KW - mental health KW - psycho-oncology KW - quality of life KW - unexpressed needs Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-257662 VL - 31 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tütüncü, Serdar A1 - Olma, Manuel C. A1 - Kunze, Claudia A1 - Krämer, Michael A1 - Dietzel, Joanna A1 - Schurig, Johannes A1 - Filser, Paula A1 - Pfeilschifter, Waltraud A1 - Hamann, Gerhard F. A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Kirchhof, Paulus A1 - Laufs, Ulrich A1 - Nabavi, Darius G. A1 - Röther, Joachim A1 - Thomalla, Götz A1 - Veltkamp, Roland A1 - Eckardt, Kai‐Uwe A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Endres, Matthias T1 - Levels and dynamics of estimated glomerular filtration rate and recurrent vascular events and death in patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack JF - European Journal of Neurology N2 - Background and purpose Impaired kidney function is associated with an increased risk of vascular events in acute stroke patients, when assessed by single measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). It is unknown whether repeated measurements provide additional information for risk prediction. Methods The MonDAFIS (Systematic Monitoring for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke) study randomly assigned 3465 acute ischemic stroke patients to either standard procedures or an additive Holter electrocardiogram. Baseline eGFR (CKD‐EPI formula) were dichotomized into values of < versus ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m\(^{2}\). eGFR dynamics were classified based on two in‐hospital values as “stable normal” (≥60 ml/min/1.73 m\(^{2}\)), “increasing” (by at least 15% from baseline, second value ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m\(^{2}\)), “decreasing” (by at least 15% from baseline of ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m\(^{2}\)), and “stable decreased” (<60 ml/min/1.73 m\(^{2}\)). The composite endpoint (stroke, major bleeding, myocardial infarction, all‐cause death) was assessed after 24 months. We estimated hazard ratios in confounder‐adjusted models. Results Estimated glomerular filtration rate at baseline was available in 2947 and a second value in 1623 patients. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, cardiovascular risk factors, and randomization, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m\(^{2}\) at baseline (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.40–3.54) as well as decreasing (HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.07–2.99) and stable decreased eGFR (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.20–2.24) were independently associated with the composite endpoint. In addition, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.732 at baseline (HR = 3.02, 95% CI = 1.51–6.10) and decreasing eGFR were associated with all‐cause death (HR = 3.12, 95% CI = 1.63–5.98). Conclusions In addition to patients with low eGFR levels at baseline, also those with decreasing eGFR have increased risk for vascular events and death; hence, repeated estimates of eGFR might add relevant information to risk prediction. KW - kidney function KW - prognosis KW - stroke Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-287271 VL - 29 IS - 9 SP - 2716 EP - 2724 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Janson, Patrick A1 - Willeke, Kristina A1 - Zaibert, Lisa A1 - Budnick, Andrea A1 - Berghöfer, Anne A1 - Kittel-Schneider, Sarah A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Zapf, Andreas A1 - Wildner, Manfred A1 - Stupp, Carolin A1 - Keil, Thomas T1 - Mortality, morbidity and health-related outcomes in informal caregivers compared to non-caregivers: a systematic review JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - A systematic overview of mental and physical disorders of informal caregivers based on population-based studies with good methodological quality is lacking. Therefore, our aim was to systematically summarize mortality, incidence, and prevalence estimates of chronic diseases in informal caregivers compared to non-caregivers. Following PRISMA recommendations, we searched major healthcare databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE and Web of Science) systematically for relevant studies published in the last 10 years (without language restrictions) (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020200314). We included only observational cross-sectional and cohort studies with low risk of bias (risk scores 0–2 out of max 8) that reported the prevalence, incidence, odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR), mean- or sum-scores for health-related outcomes in informal caregivers and non-caregivers. For a thorough methodological quality assessment, we used a validated checklist. The synthesis of the results was conducted by grouping outcomes. We included 22 studies, which came predominately from the USA and Europe. Informal caregivers had a significantly lower mortality than non-caregivers. Regarding chronic morbidity outcomes, the results from a large longitudinal German health-insurance evaluation showed increased and statistically significant incidences of severe stress, adjustment disorders, depression, diseases of the spine and pain conditions among informal caregivers compared to non-caregivers. In cross-sectional evaluations, informal caregiving seemed to be associated with a higher occurrence of depression and of anxiety (ranging from 4 to 51% and 2 to 38%, respectively), pain, hypertension, diabetes and reduced quality of life. Results from our systematic review suggest that informal caregiving may be associated with several mental and physical disorders. However, these results need to be interpreted with caution, as the cross-sectional studies cannot determine temporal relationships. The lower mortality rates compared to non-caregivers may be due to a healthy-carer bias in longitudinal observational studies; however, these and other potential benefits of informal caregiving deserve further attention by researchers. KW - cohort studies KW - longitudinal studies KW - cross-sectional studies KW - family caregivers KW - informal caregiving KW - mental health KW - physical health KW - population-based studies KW - systematic review Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-275219 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 19 IS - 10 ER -