TY - THES A1 - Alkhargi, Manuel T1 - Cancer And Living Meaningfully: eine qualitative Studie zur Treatment Integrity der CALM-Therapie im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollbedingung T1 - Cancer And Living Meaningfully: a qualitative study on the treatment integrity of the CALM intervention compared to a control condition N2 - Hintergrund: Circa ein Drittel der Patientinnen und Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Krebserkrankungen ist von psychischen Komorbiditäten betroffen und circa die Hälfte weist eine psychische Belastung im klinisch signifikanten Bereich auf. Zur psychotherapeutischen Behandlung dieser Patientengruppe stehen unterschiedliche psychotherapeutische Interventionen zur Verfügung. Die CALM-Therapie, eine manualisierte Kurzintervention im Einzelsetting, ist eine dieser Interventionen. Hier bilden vier Module, welche auf den wichtigsten Anliegen und Belastungsfaktoren von Patientinnen und Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Krebserkrankungen basieren, den inhaltlichen Rahmen. Ziel: Die Treatment Integrity beschreibt das Maß, inwieweit eine psychotherapeutische Intervention wie vorgesehen umgesetzt wurde. Für eine fundierte Interpretation psychotherapeutischer Interventionseffekte sind Kenntnisse über die Treatment Integrity entscheidend. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersuchte Teilaspekte der Treatment Integrity durchgeführter CALM-Therapien im Vergleich zu durchgeführten konventionellen psychoonkologischen Therapien, um einen Beitrag zu einer fundierten Interpretation von Interventionseffekten der CALM-Therapie zu leisten. Methoden: Transkriptionen von zwei CALM-Therapien und zwei Therapien einer konventionellen psychoonkologischen Intervention wurden anhand einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach P. Mayring untersucht. Im Zentrum stand hierbei ein selbst entwickeltes Kategoriensystem zur Analyse des gesamten Textmaterials. Zusätzlich wurden Auffälligkeiten bezüglich Ansprachen von Themenbereichen der CALM-Module unsystematisch beobachtet. Ergebnisse: Die Inhalte der untersuchten CALM-Therapien bezogen sich durchschnittlich zu 99,54% und die der konventionellen psychoonkologischen Therapien durchschnittlich zu 98,71% auf die Themenbereiche der CALM-Module. Die ermittelten Werte für einzelne Therapiesitzungen lagen für CALM-Sitzungen zwischen 98,12% und 100% und für Sitzungen der konventionellen psychoonkologischen Therapie zwischen 96,20% und 100%. Unsystematisch beobachtete Auffälligkeiten zeigten, dass die Themenbereiche der CALM-Module zum Teil sehr spezifisch durch die CALM-Therapeutinnen und -Therapeuten angesprochen und vernetzt wurden. Schlussfolgerung: Unter Berücksichtigung von methodischen Grenzen zeigte sich bezüglich des Anteils von Themenbereichen der CALM-Module innerhalb der beiden untersuchten Therapiegruppen kein maßgeblicher Unterschied. Zusätzlich liefert die vorliegende Arbeit Hinweise für einen spezifischen therapeutischen Umgang mit den Themenbereichen der CALM-Module innerhalb der untersuchten CALM-Therapien. Um ermittelte Interventionseffekte der CALM-Therapie fundiert interpretieren zu können, sollten zukünftige Untersuchungen unterschiedliche Umgangsweisen von Therapeutinnen und Therapeuten der beiden Therapiegruppen mit den Themenbereichen der CALM-Module genauer in den Blick nehmen. N2 - Background: Around one third of patients with cancer is suffering from mental disorders and around one half meets criteria for psychological distress in the clinical range. Various psychotherapeutic interventions are available for the psychotherapeutic treatment of this population of patients. The CALM intervention, a manualized brief individual psychotherapy, is one of these interventions. Four modules, which are based on the most important concerns and sources of distress in advanced cancer populations, form the content framework. Aim: Treatment Integrity describes the extent to which a psychotherapeutic intervention was implemented as intended. Knowledge of Treatment Integrity is essential for a well-founded interpretation of effects of a psychotherapeutic intervention. This study aimed to examine partial aspects of the Treatment Integrity of CALM sessions compared to sessions of a usual psycho-oncological intervention in order to contribute to a well-founded interpretation of specific effects of the CALM intervention. Methods: Transcriptions of two complete CALM therapies and two complete therapies of a usual psycho-oncological intervention were examined using a qualitative content analysis according to P. Mayring. Here, a self-developed system of categories for the analysis of the entire text formed the center. In addition, distinctive features in addressing topics of the CALM modules were observed unsystematically. Results: The content of the examined CALM sessions referred in 99.54%, on average, to the topics of the CALM modulesand , while the content of the usual psycho-oncological sessions referred in 98.71%, on average, to these topics. Determined values for individual sessions ranged between 98.12% and 100% for CALM sessions and between 96.20% and 100% for usual psycho-oncological sessions. Observed distinctive features showed that topics of the CALM modules were sometimes addressed and crosslinked very specifically by the CALM therapists. Conclusion: Taking methodical limits into account, there was no significant difference between the examined CALM session and the sessions of the usual psycho-oncological intervention concerning the percentage of topics of the CALM modules. In addition, the present study provides information for a specific therapeutic handling of topics of the CALM modules within the examined CALM sessions. In order to be able to interpret measured effects of the CALM intervention in a well-founded manner, future examinations should take a closer look at the different ways therapists of both interventions are dealing with the topics of the CALM modules. KW - Psychoonkologie KW - Kurzpsychotherapie KW - Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse KW - Krebs KW - Manualtreue KW - Treatmentdifferenzierung KW - CALM-Therapie KW - Psychotherapieforschung KW - Treatment Integrity KW - Cancer And Living Meaningfully KW - Psychosocial care KW - Mental disorder and cancer Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199390 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Drechsler, Christiane A1 - Gunreben, Ignaz A1 - Heuschmann, Peter Ulrich A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph T1 - Regulation of Blood Coagulation Factors XI and XII in Patients with Acute and Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease: A Case-Control Study JF - Cerebrovascular Diseases N2 - Background: Animal models have implicated an integral role for coagulation factors XI (FXI) and XII (FXII) in thrombus formation and propagation of ischemic stroke (IS). However, it is unknown if these molecules contribute to IS pathophysiology in humans, and might be of use as biomarkers for IS risk and severity. This study aimed to identify predictors of altered FXI and FXII levels and to determine whether there are differences in the levels of these coagulation factors between acute cerebrovascular events and chronic cerebrovascular disease (CCD). Methods: In this case-control study, 116 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transitory ischemic attack (TIA), 117 patients with CCD, and 104 healthy volunteers (HVs) were enrolled between 2010 and 2013 at our University hospital. Blood sampling was undertaken once in the CCD and HV groups and on days 0, 1, and 3 after stroke onset in patients with AIS or TIA. Correlations between serum FXI and FXII levels and demographic and clinical parameters were tested by linear regression and analysis of variance. Results: The mean age of AIS/TIA patients was 70 ± 12. Baseline clinical severity measured with NIHSS and Barthel Index was 4.8 ± 6.0 and 74 ± 30, respectively. More than half of the patients had an AIS (58%). FXI levels were significantly correlated with different leukocyte subsets (p < 0.05). In contrast, FXII serum levels showed no significant correlation (p > 0.1). Neither FXI nor FXII levels correlated with CRP (p > 0.2). FXII levels were significantly higher in patients with CCD compared with those with AIS/TIA (mean ± SD 106 ± 26% vs. 97 ± 24%; univariate analysis: p < 0.05); these differences did not reach significance in multivariate analysis adjusted for sex and age. FXI levels did not differ significantly between study groups. Sex and age were significantly associated with FXI and/or FXII levels in patients with AIS/TIA (p < 0.05). In contrast, no statistical significant influence was found for treatment modality (thrombolysis or not), pre-treatment with platelet inhibitors, and severity of stroke. Conclusions: In this study, there was no differential regulation of FXI and FXII levels between disease subtypes but biomarker levels were associated with patient and clinical characteristics. FXI and FXII levels might be no valid biomarker for predicting stroke risk. KW - biomarker KW - factor XI KW - factor XII KW - ischemic stroke KW - chronic cerebrovascular disease Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-199076 SN - 1015-9770 SN - 1421-9786 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 38 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kotseva, Kornelia A1 - De Backer, Guy A1 - De Bacquer, Dirk A1 - Rydén, Lars A1 - Hoes, Arno A1 - Grobbee, Diederick A1 - Maggioni, Aldo A1 - Marques-Vidal, Pedro A1 - Jennings, Catriona A1 - Abreu, Ana A1 - Aguiar, Carlos A1 - Badariene, Jolita A1 - Bruthans, Jan A1 - Castro Conde, Almudena A1 - Cifkova, Renata A1 - Crowley, Jim A1 - Davletov, Kairat A1 - Deckers, Jaap A1 - De Smedt, Delphine A1 - De Sutter, Johan A1 - Dilic, Mirza A1 - Dolzhenko, Marina A1 - Dzerve, Vilnis A1 - Erglis, Andrejs A1 - Fras, Zlatko A1 - Gaita, Dan A1 - Gotcheva, Nina A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Hasan-Ali, Hosam A1 - Jankowski, Piotr A1 - Lalic, Nebojsa A1 - Lehto, Seppo A1 - Lovic, Dragan A1 - Mancas, Silvia A1 - Mellbin, Linda A1 - Milicic, Davor A1 - Mirrakhimov, Erkin A1 - Oganov, Rafael A1 - Pogosova, Nana A1 - Reiner, Zeljko A1 - Stöerk, Stefan A1 - Tokgözoğlu, Lâle A1 - Tsioufis, Costas A1 - Vulic, Dusko A1 - Wood, David T1 - Lifestyle and impact on cardiovascular risk factor control in coronary patients across 27 countries: Results from the European Society of Cardiology ESC-EORP EUROASPIRE V registry JF - European Journal of Preventive Cardiology N2 - Aims The aim of this study was to determine whether the Joint European Societies guidelines on secondary cardiovascular prevention are followed in everyday practice. Design A cross-sectional ESC-EORP survey (EUROASPIRE V) at 131 centres in 81 regions in 27 countries. Methods Patients (<80 years old) with verified coronary artery events or interventions were interviewed and examined ≥6 months later. Results A total of 8261 patients (females 26%) were interviewed. Nineteen per cent smoked and 55% of them were persistent smokers, 38% were obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), 59% were centrally obese (waist circumference: men ≥102 cm; women ≥88 cm) while 66% were physically active <30 min 5 times/week. Forty-two per cent had a blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg (≥140/85 if diabetic), 71% had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥1.8 mmol/L (≥70 mg/dL) and 29% reported having diabetes. Cardioprotective medication was: anti-platelets 93%, beta-blockers 81%, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers 75% and statins 80%. Conclusion A large majority of coronary patients have unhealthy lifestyles in terms of smoking, diet and sedentary behaviour, which adversely impacts major cardiovascular risk factors. A majority did not achieve their blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose targets. Cardiovascular prevention requires modern preventive cardiology programmes delivered by interdisciplinary teams of healthcare professionals addressing all aspects of lifestyle and risk factor management, in order to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. KW - EUROASPIRE KW - lifestyle KW - cardiovascular risk factors KW - secondary prevention KW - guidelines Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205526 SN - 2047-4873 SN - 2047-4881 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 26 IS - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dengler, Julius A1 - Maldaner, Nicolai A1 - Gläsker, Sven A1 - Endres, Matthias A1 - Wagner, Martin A1 - Malzahn, Uwe A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Vajkoczy, Peter T1 - Outcome of Surgical or Endovascular Treatment of Giant Intracranial Aneurysms, with Emphasis on Age, Aneurysm Location, and Unruptured Aneuryms - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis JF - Cerebrovascular Diseases N2 - Background: Designing treatment strategies for unruptured giant intracranial aneurysms (GIA) is difficult as evidence of large clinical trials is lacking. We examined the outcome following surgical or endovascular GIA treatment focusing on patient age, GIA location and unruptured GIA. Methods: Medline and Embase were searched for studies reporting on GIA treatment outcome published after January 2000. We calculated the proportion of good outcome (PGO) for all included GIA and for unruptured GIA by meta-analysis using a random effects model. Results: We included 54 studies containing 64 study populations with 1,269 GIA at a median follow-up time (FU-T) of 26.4 months (95% CI 10.8-42.0). PGO was 80.9% (77.4-84.4) in the analysis of all GIA compared to 81.2% (75.3-86.1) in the separate analysis of unruptured GIA. For each year added to patient age, PGO decreased by 0.8%, both for all GIA and unruptured GIA. For all GIA, surgical treatment resulted in a PGO of 80.3% (95% CI 76.0-84.6) compared to 84.2% (78.5-89.8, p = 0.27) after endovascular treatment. In unruptured GIA, PGO was 79.7% (95% CI 71.5-87.8) after surgical treatment and 84.9% (79.1-90.7, p = 0.54) after endovascular treatment. PGO was lower in high quality studies and in studies presenting aggregate instead of individual patient data. In unruptured GIA, the OR for good treatment outcome was 5.2 (95% CI 2.0-13.0) at the internal carotid artery compared to 0.1 (0.1-0.3, p < 0.1) in the posterior circulation. Patient sex, FU-T and prevalence of ruptured GIA were not associated with PGO. Conclusions: We found that the chances of good outcome after surgical or endovascular GIA treatment mainly depend on patient age and aneurysm location rather than on the type of treatment conducted. Our analysis may inform future research on GIA. KW - surgical aneurysm treatment KW - giant intracranial aneurysm KW - endovascular treatment Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196792 SN - 1015-9770 SN - 1421-9786 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 41 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kolominsky-Rabas, Peter L. A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Weingärtner, Michael A1 - Liman, Thomas G. A1 - Endres, Matthias A1 - Schwab, Stefan A1 - Buchfelder, Michael A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Time Trends in Incidence of Pathological and Etiological Stroke Subtypes during 16 Years: The Erlangen Stroke Project JF - Neuroepidemiology N2 - Background: Population-based data, which continuously monitors time trends in stroke epidemiology are limited. We investigated the incidence of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes over a 16 year time period. Methods: Data were collected within the Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro), a prospective, population-based stroke register in Germany covering a total study population of 105,164 inhabitants (2010). Etiology of ischemic stroke was classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. Results: Between January 1995 and December 2010, 3,243 patients with first-ever stroke were documented. The median age was 75 and 55% were females. The total stroke incidence decreased over the 16 year study period in men (Incidence Rate Ratio 1995-1996 vs. 2009-2010 (IRR) 0.78; 95% CI 0.58-0.90) but not in women. Among stroke subtypes, a decrease in ischemic stroke incidence (IRR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57-0.93) and of large artery atherosclerotic stroke (IRR 0.27; 95% CI 0.12-0.59) was found in men and an increase of stroke due to small artery occlusion in women (IRR 2.33; 95% CI 1.39-3.90). Conclusions: Variations in time trends of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes were found between men and women that might be linked to gender differences in the development of major vascular risk factors in the study population. KW - stroke KW - epidemiology KW - incidence KW - time trends KW - register Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196503 SN - 0251-5350 SN - 1423-0208 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 44 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Andreas A1 - Gutjahr-Lengsfeld, Lena A1 - Ritz, Eberhard A1 - Scharnagl, Hubert A1 - Gelbrich, Götz A1 - Pilz, Stefan A1 - Macdougall, Iain C. A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Drechsler, Christiane T1 - Longitudinal Assessments of Erythropoietin-Stimulating Agent Responsiveness and the Association with Specific Clinical Outcomes in Dialysis Patients JF - Nephron Clinical Practice N2 - Background: Dose requirements of erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) can vary considerably over time and may be associated with cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to longitudinally assess ESA responsiveness over time and to investigate its association with specific clinical end points in a time-dependent approach. Methods: The German Diabetes and Dialysis study (4D study) included 1,255 diabetic dialysis patients, of whom 1,161 were receiving ESA treatment. In those patients, the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) was assessed every 6 months during a median follow-up of 4 years. The association between the ERI and cardiovascular end points was analyzed by time-dependent Cox regression analyses with repeated ERI measures. Results: Patients had a mean age of 66 ± 8.2 years; 53% were male. During follow-up, a total of 495 patients died, of whom 136 died of sudden death and 102 of infectious death. The adjusted and time-dependent risk for sudden death was increased by 19% per 5-unit increase in the ERI (hazard ratio, HR = 1.19, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.07-1.33). Similarly, mortality increased by 25% (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.18-1.32) and infectious death increased by 27% (HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.13-1.42). Further analysis revealed that lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with lower ESA responsiveness (p = 0.046). Conclusions: In diabetic dialysis patients, we observed that time-varying erythropoietin resistance is associated with sudden death, infectious complications and all-cause mortality. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels may contribute to a lower ESA responsiveness. KW - dialysis KW - erythropoietin KW - diabetes KW - epidemiology Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196511 SN - 1660-2110 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 128 IS - 1-2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohmann, Cynthia A1 - Pinart, Mariona A1 - Tischer, Christina A1 - Gehring, Ulrike A1 - Heinrich, Joachim A1 - Kull, Inger A1 - Melén, Eric A1 - Smit, Henriette A. A1 - Torrent, Maties A1 - Wijga, Alet H. A1 - Wickman, Magnus A1 - Bachert, Claus A1 - Lødrup Carlsen, Karin C. A1 - Carlsen, Kai-Håkon A1 - Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten A1 - Eller, Esben A1 - Esplugues, Ana A1 - Fantini, Maria Pia A1 - Annesi-Maesano, Isabella A1 - Momas, Isabelle A1 - Porta, Daniela A1 - Vassilaki, Maria A1 - Waiblinger, Dagmar A1 - Sunyer, Jordi A1 - Antó, Josep M. A1 - Bousquet, Jean A1 - Keil, Thomas T1 - The Development of the MeDALL Core Questionnaires for a Harmonized Follow-Up Assessment of Eleven European Birth Cohorts on Asthma and Allergies JF - International Archives of Allergy and Immunology N2 - Background: Numerous birth cohorts have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years using heterogeneous methods to assess the incidence, course and risk factors of asthma and allergies. The aim of the present work is to provide the stepwise proceedings of the development and current version of the harmonized MeDALL-Core Questionnaire (MeDALL-CQ) used prospectively in 11 European birth cohorts. Methods: The harmonization of questions was accomplished in 4 steps: (i) collection of variables from 14 birth cohorts, (ii) consensus on questionnaire items, (iii) translation and back-translation of the harmonized English MeDALL-CQ into 8 other languages and (iv) implementation of the harmonized follow-up. Results: Three harmonized MeDALL-CQs (2 for parents of children aged 4-9 and 14-18, 1 for adolescents aged 14-18) were developed and used for a harmonized follow-up assessment of 11 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies with over 13,000 children. Conclusions: The harmonized MeDALL follow-up produced more comparable data across different cohorts and countries in Europe and will offer the possibility to verify results of former cohort analyses. Thus, MeDALL can become the starting point to stringently plan, conduct and support future common asthma and allergy research initiatives in Europe. KW - harmonization KW - MeDALL KW - european birth cohorts KW - asthma KW - allergy KW - questionnaire assessment Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196594 SN - 1018-2438 SN - 1423-0097 VL - 163 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schuler, Michael A1 - Murauer, Kathrin A1 - Stangl, Stephanie A1 - Grau, Anna A1 - Gabriel, Katharina A1 - Podger, Lauren A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Faller, Hermann T1 - Pre-post changes in main outcomes of medical rehabilitation in Germany: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant and aggregated data JF - BMJ Open N2 - Introduction Multidisciplinary, complex rehabilitation interventions are an important part of the treatment of chronic diseases. However, little is known about the effectiveness of routine rehabilitation interventions within the German healthcare system. Due to the nature of the social insurance system in Germany, randomised controlled trials examining the effects of rehabilitation interventions are challenging to implement and scarcely accessible. Consequently, alternative pre-post designs can be employed to assess pre-post effects of medical rehabilitation programmes. We present a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis methods to assess the pre-post effects of rehabilitation interventions in Germany. Methods and analysis The respective study will be conducted within the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A systematic literature review will be conducted to identify studies reporting the pre-post effects (start of intervention vs end of intervention or later) in German healthcare. Studies investigating the following disease groups will be included: orthopaedics, rheumatology, oncology, pulmonology, cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology and psychosomatics. The primary outcomes of interest are physical/mental quality of life, physical functioning and social participation for all disease groups as well as pain (orthopaedic and rheumatologic patients only), blood pressure (cardiac patients only), asthma control (patients with asthma only), dyspnoea (patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease only) and depression/anxiety (psychosomatic patients only). We will invite the principal investigators of the identified studies to provide additional individual patient data. We aim to perform the meta-analyses using individual patient data as well as aggregate data. We will examine the effects of both study-level and patient-level moderators by using a meta-regression method. Ethics and dissemination Only studies that have received institutional approval from an ethics committee and present anonymised individual patient data will be included in the meta-analysis. The results will be presented in a peer-reviewed publication and at research conferences. A declaration of no objection by the ethics committee of the University of Würzburg is available (number 20180411 01). KW - medical rehabilitation Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201929 VL - 9 IS - 5 ER - TY - THES A1 - Scholz, Franca T1 - Einfluss verschiedener Untersuchungsbedingugen auf die Messwerte der bioelektrischen Impedanzanalyse (EULE) T1 - Influence of different test conditions on the measured values of bioelectric impedance analysis N2 - HINTERGRUND. In zahlreichen epidemiologischen Studien, so auch in der bevölkerungsbasierten Würzburger Kohortenstudie STAAB (STAdien A und B der Herzinsuffizienz) mit primären kardiologischen Fragestellungen, wird die Körperzusammensetzung mittels bioelektrischer Impedanzanalyse (BIA) gemessen. In einer Pilotstudie wurden das Messprotokoll und die Reproduzierbarkeit der Messungen überprüft. Außerdem wurde untersucht, wie sich die Verletzung bestimmter Protokollvorschriften (Messung am nüchternen Probanden im Ruhezustand) verzerrend auf die Messwerte auswirken. METHODEN. Die Probanden (16 Männer, 18 Frauen) waren volljährig, hatten keine mit dem Protokoll unverträglichen Erkrankungen oder Medikationen und erteilten ihre schriftliche informierte Einwilligung. In sechs konsekutiven BIA-Messungen wurden mittels Seca® mBCA 515 fettfreie Masse, Muskelmasse, Fettmasse, Fettanteil, Gesamtkörperwasser und extrazelluläres Wasser unter verschiedenen Bedingungen bestimmt. Zunächst wurden unter den vorgeschriebenen Standardbedingungen zwei direkt aufeinander folgende Messungen durchgeführt, zwischen denen die Probanden das Gerät verließen. Die dritte Messung erfolgte unmittelbar nach dem Trinken von 500mL Mineralwasser, die vierte nach 20-30min Wartezeit. Anschließend unterzogen sich die Probanden unterzogen einer körperlichen Belastung (Laufen im Stand, Springen, Kniebeugen) bis zum Einsetzen einer deutlichen Schweißproduktion. Die fünfte BIA-Messung erfolgte im unmittelbaren Anschluss an die Belastung, die sechste nach weiteren 5min Ruhepause. ERGEBNISSE. Die beiden unter Standardbedingungen durchgeführten Messungen lieferten bei den Probanden jeweils fast identische Werte. Die Wasseraufnahme wurde vom Gerät bei Männern nur marginal (+100g), bei Frauen gar nicht als solche registriert. Vielmehr wurde eine signifikante Zunahme der Fettmasse angezeigt (Männer +300g, Frauen +500g, siehe Abbildung). Die Fehlzuordnung des aufgenommenen Wassers verschob sich nach der Wartezeit nur geringfügig. Nach der körperlichen Belastung wurde bei den Männern eine gestiegene Fettmasse gemessen (+400g, siehe Abbildung), die sich nach der kurzen Ruhepause wieder reduzierte (–300g), während sich die angezeigte Körperwassermasse genau gegenläufig verhielt. Bei den Frauen waren die Veränderungen unter Belastung und nach der Ruhepause geringfügig. Die Verlaufsprofile der Geschlechter unterschieden sich in allen Messvariablen signifikant (Interaktionstest). SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG. Die Messwerte des BIA-Geräts sind unter den definierten Standardbedingungen gut reproduzierbar. Die experimentellen Veränderungen der Protokollstandards simulierten alltäglich vorkommende Einflussfaktoren wie Wasserzufuhr oder körperliche Belastung kurz vor der Untersuchung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nichteinhaltung der Standards zu messbaren Verzerrungen führen. Dies ist umso gravierender, da die Verzerrungen in den vom Gerät angezeigten Messwerten physikalisch nicht ihren kausalen Ursachen entsprechen und zudem bei den Geschlechtern verschieden ausgeprägt sind. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Ergebnisse sollten bei der epidemiologischen Interpretation statistischer Zusammenhänge von BIA-Werten mit anderen Messgrößen auch immer die möglichen Auswirkungen fehlerhafter Zuordnung von Körperanteilen kritisch geprüft und erörtert werden. N2 - BACKGROUND. In numerous epidemiological studies, including the population-based Würzburg cohort study STAAB (STAdiums A and B of cardiac insufficiency) with primary cardiological questions, the body composition is measured by means of bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). In a pilot study, the measurement protocol and the reproducibility of the measurements were checked. In addition, it was investigated how the violation of certain protocol regulations (measurement on an empty test person at rest) has a distorting effect on the measured values. METHODS. The subjects (16 men, 18 women) were of legal age, had no illnesses or medications incompatible with the protocol and gave their written informed consent. In six consecutive BIA measurements, Seca® mBCA 515 was used to determine fat-free mass, muscle mass, fat mass, fat content, total body water and extracellular water under various conditions. First of all, two consecutive measurements were carried out under the prescribed standard conditions between which the test persons left the device. The third measurement was taken immediately after drinking 500mL of mineral water, the fourth after a waiting time of 20-30min. Subsequently, the test persons underwent physical strain (running in a standing position, jumping, squats) until the onset of a clear sweat production. The fifth BIA measurement was carried out immediately following the load, the sixth after a further 5-minute rest period. RESULTS. The two measurements carried out under standard conditions delivered almost identical values for the test persons. The water absorption was only marginally (+100g) for men and not registered as such for women. Rather, a significant increase in fat mass was reported (men +300g, women +500g, see figure). The misallocation of the absorbed water was only slightly postponed after the waiting period. After the physical exertion, an increased fat mass was measured in men (+400g, see figure), which decreased again after a short rest (-300g), while the indicated body water mass was exactly opposite. In the case of women, the changes under stress and after rest were slight. The course profiles of the sexes differed significantly in all measurement variables (interaction test). CONCLUSION. The measured values of the BIA device are easily reproducible under the defined standard conditions. The experimental changes in protocol standards simulated everyday occurring influencing factors such as water intake or physical exertion shortly before the examination. The results show that non-compliance with the standards leads to measurable distortions. This is all the more serious since the distortions in the measured values displayed by the instrument do not physically correspond to their causal causes and are also different for the sexes. Against the background of these results, the epidemiological interpretation of statistical correlations of BIA values with other measured variables should always include a critical examination and discussion of the possible effects of incorrect allocation of body parts. KW - Impedanzmessung KW - Impedanzanalyse Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-156032 ER - TY - THES A1 - Lundt, Anna T1 - Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue bei Tumorpatienten sechs Monate nach Beendigung einer Yogaintervention T1 - Long-term changes of symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue in cancer patients six months after the end of yoga therapy N2 - Onkologische Patienten sowie klinische Forscher zeigen zunehmendes Interesse an Yogainterventionen als komplementäres Therapieverfahren zur Behandlung psychischer und körperlicher Beschwerden. Kurzzeitige Effekte von Yogatherapien auf die häufig krebsassoziierten Symptome Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue wurden in zahlreichen Studien untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass Tumorpatienten unmittelbar nach einer Yogaintervention eine Verbesserung der genannten Symptome erleben. Allerdings ist bisher unzureichend untersucht, ob ein Rückgang von Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue langfristig besteht. Ziel der Studie war es daher, nachhaltige Veränderungen von Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue bei Tumorpatienten im Rahmen einer achtwöchigen Yogaintervention zu untersuchen. Wir nahmen an, dass Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue sechs Monate nach einer Yogaintervention genauso niedrig wie unmittelbar nach der Intervention sind und sich signifikant von den Ausgangswerten vor der Intervention unterscheiden. Außerdem sollte untersucht werden, wie viele Teilnehmer die Yogapraxis nach einer Yogaintervention fortführen und ob sich dies auf die Zielparameter auswirkt. Durch eine klinische Studie im Prä-Post-Design wurden die Hypothesen geprüft. Dazu wurden Daten von 58 Teilnehmern mit unterschiedlichen Tumorerkrankungen vor, unmittelbar nach und sechs Monate nach einer achtwöchigen Gentle Hatha- Yogaintervention mittels standardisierter psychologischer Fragebögen gesammelt. Die Mehrheit der Studienteilnehmer war weiblich (90%) und wies anamnestisch eine Mammakarzinom-Erkrankung auf (55%). Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Angst und Fatigue zwischen Interventionsende und sechs Monaten später leicht zunahmen, wohingegen depressive Symptome stabil blieben. Im Vergleich zu den Ausgangswerten vor der Intervention waren Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue sechs Monate nach Interventionsende signifikant reduziert. Ein halbes Jahr nach Beendigung der Yogaintervention gaben 69% der Teilnehmer an, weiterhin Yoga zu praktizieren. Befragungen zeigten, dass die Teilnehmer subjektiv von der Yogapraxis profitierten. Die fortgeführte Yogapraxis stand jedoch nicht mit der Ausprägung von Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue zum Follow-up-Zeitpunkt in Zusammenhang. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Tumorpatienten langfristig von einer Verbesserung von Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue im Rahmen einer Yogatherapie profitieren könnten. Ein kausaler Zusammenhang zwischen Yogatherapie und der gefundenen Verbesserung sechs Monate nach Therapieende konnte jedoch durch die fehlende Kontrollbedingung nicht belegt werden. In Zukunft sollten große randomisierte kontrollierte Studien die vermutete Kausalität untersuchen. N2 - Background: Symptoms of anxiety, depression and cancer-related fatigue are commonly associated with cancer. Cancer patients increasingly use complementary and alternative treatments, such as yoga, to cope with psychological and physical impairments. In the present work, long-term changes of anxiety, depression and fatigue in cancer are examined six month after a yoga intervention. Method: We used an observational design based on a randomized controlled study in cancer patients with mixed diagnoses to evaluate long-term changes of symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue six month after the end of yoga therapy. We measured anxiety symptoms with the General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and fatigue with the European Organization for Research and Treatment in Cancer Fatigue Scale (EORTC- QLQ-FA13). The yoga therapy was delivered in weekly sessions of 60 minutes each for 8 weeks. The exercises provided contained both body and breathing exercises as well as meditations. Results: A total of 58 patients participated in the study. Six month after the end of yoga therapy, symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue were significantly reduced compared to baseline. However, symptoms of anxiety and fatigue slightly increased during the follow-up period, whereas symptoms of depression remained stable. Conclusion: Our results are promising and support the integration of yoga interventions in supportive cancer treatment concepts, but should be confirmed by randomized controlled trials. Long-term effects of yoga therapy on cancer patients should be the subject of further research. KW - Depression KW - Fatigue KW - Angst KW - Hatha-Yoga KW - Krebs KW - Onkologie KW - Yoga KW - Integrative Medizin Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-166019 ER - TY - THES A1 - Schich, Martin Friedemann T1 - Chronische Niereninsuffizienz und akutes Nierenversagen bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzerkrankung – Prävalenz und Wahrnehmung von Arzt und Patient T1 - Chronic Kidney Disease and Acute Kidney Injury in Coronary Heart Disease Patients - Awareness of Physicians and Patients N2 - Die chronische Niereninsuffizienz (CKD) ist ein weltweites Gesundheitsproblem. Insbesondere in den Industrienationen stellt es aufgrund des demographischen Wandels eine große gesundheitliche und finanzielle Herausforderung dar, da besonders ältere Menschen an einer eingeschränkten Nierenfunktion leiden. Hypertonie und Diabetes mellitus sind wichtige Risikofaktoren sowohl für die Entstehung der CKD, als auch für die koronare Herzerkrankung (KHK). Die Wahrnehmung der CKD in der Bevölkerung ist niedrig, wodurch eine frühzeitige Diagnose erschwert wird. Die EUROASPIRE IV Studie hat es ermöglicht, die Prävalenz der CKD in einer Studienpopulation von KHK-Patienten im Raum Würzburg zu beschreiben. Nach den KDIGO-Leitlinien wurden die Patienten mit einer eGFRCKD-EPI<60ml/min als CKD-Patienten eingestuft. Zusätzlich wurde der Albumin/Kreatinin-Quotient (ACR) bestimmt. Zusammenhänge zwischen der Nierenfunktion und möglichen Determinanten wurden untersucht. Mit Hilfe eines Fragebogens wurde die Patienten-Awareness beschrieben. Retrospektiv erfolgte die Recherche, ob die Diagnose der CKD bei Aufnahme und/oder Entlassung des Indexaufenthalts im Arztbrief vermerkt wurde, dies wurde als Awareness der CKD seitens des behandelnden Arztes im Krankenhaus gewertet. 25% der 536-Teilnehmer wiesen am Tag der Untersuchung eine CKD auf. Das mediane Alter betrug 69 Jahre und die mediane eGFR lag bei 74 ml/min. Der ACR war mit 8,3 mg/g in der CKD-Gruppe deutlich erhöht (p<0,01). Das mediane Alter (p<0,01) und auch der prozentuale Anteil an Diabetikern (<0,01) waren in der CKD-Gruppe signifikant höher. 42,7% der Patienten mit CKD wussten von ihrer Nierenfunktionseinschränkung Bescheid. Bei 34 der 79 Patienten, die zum Zeitpunkt der Entlassung eine eGFR <60ml/min aufwiesen, wurde eine CKD im Arztbrief erwähnt. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt eine hohe Prävalenz von CKD und klassischen kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren wie beispielsweise Diabetes Mellitus. Trotz dieses hohen CKD-Anteils war sich nur ein geringer Teil der Patienten ihrer Nierenfunktionseinschränkung bewusst und wurde nur in geringem Maße von Ärzten im Entlassungsbrief erwähnt. Insgesamt war sowohl eine vermehrte Wahrnehmung der CKD seitens der Patienten als auch eine häufigere Erwähnung von CKD im Arztbrief mit zunehmendem Schweregrad der CKD assoziiert. N2 - Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem and a common comorbid condition in coronary heart disease (CHD). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are usual risk factors for CKD and CHD. Especially elderly people suffer of CKD. But CKD awareness of patients and treating physicians is lacking and therefore diagnosis and therapy is hindered. Objectives To investigate prevalence of CKD and awareness of patients and treating physicians among patients previously hospitalized for CHD. Methods German participants of the EUROASPIRE IV study were interviewed between 6 months and three years after hospitalization for CHD, whether they have ever been told about kidney disease by a physician. Information from hospital discharge letters was extracted to describe physician’s awareness of kidney disease. CKD was described according to KDIGO-guidelines. Associations between CKD and possible determinants have been investigated. Results Of 536 CHD patients in stable conditions, 25% had impaired kidney function. Of those 42% were aware of CKD. There was an association between patient’s awareness and severity of CKD. During the index hospital stay (median 1.8 yrs prior to the study visit), 18% had evidence for acute kidney Injury. CKD and/or AKI was mentioned in 34 of 79 people with impaired kidney function (eGFR <60ml/min) in the discharge letter. Conclusion Although CKD is frequent in CHD, only a minor proportion of patients is aware of the disease and CKD is rarely being mentioned in hospital discharge letters. Patient’s and physician’s awareness is associated with CKD severity. KW - Chronische Niereninsuffizienz KW - Akutes Nierenversagen KW - Koronare Herzerkrankung KW - Awareness Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-143265 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gyberg, Viveca A1 - De Bacquer, Dirk A1 - De Backer, Guy A1 - Jennings, Catriona A1 - Kotseva, Kornelia A1 - Mellbin, Linda A1 - Schnell, Oliver A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Wood, David A1 - Ryden, Lars A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Bruthans, Jan A1 - Conde, Almudena Castro A1 - Cifkova, Renata A1 - Deckers, Jaap W. A1 - De Sutter, Johan A1 - Dilic, Mirza A1 - Dolzhenko, Maryna A1 - Erglis, Andrejs A1 - Fras, Zlatko A1 - Gaita, Dan A1 - Gotcheva, Nina A1 - Goudevenos, John A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Laucevicius, Aleksandras A1 - Lehto, Seppo A1 - Lovic, Dragan A1 - Milicic, Davor A1 - Moore, David A1 - Nicolaides, Evagoras A1 - Oganov, Raphae A1 - Pajak, Andrzej A1 - Pogosova, Nana A1 - Reiner, Zeljko A1 - Stagmo, Martin A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Tokgözoglu, Lale A1 - Vulic, Dusko T1 - Patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes need improved management: a report from the EUROASPIRE IV survey: a registry from the EuroObservational Research Programme of the European Society of Cardiology JF - Cardiovascular Diabetology N2 - Background: In order to influence every day clinical practice professional organisations issue management guidelines. Cross-sectional surveys are used to evaluate the implementation of such guidelines. The present survey investigated screening for glucose perturbations in people with coronary artery disease and compared patients with known and newly detected type 2 diabetes with those without diabetes in terms of their life-style and pharmacological risk factor management in relation to contemporary European guidelines. Methods: A total of 6187 patients (18-80 years) with coronary artery disease and known glycaemic status based on a self reported history of diabetes (previously known diabetes) or the results of an oral glucose tolerance test and HbA1c (no diabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes) were investigated in EUROASPIRE IV including patients in 24 European countries 2012-2013. The patients were interviewed and investigated in order to enable a comparison between their actual risk factor control with that recommended in current European management guidelines and the outcome in previously conducted surveys. Results: A total of 2846 (46 %) patients had no diabetes, 1158 (19 %) newly diagnosed diabetes and 2183 (35 %) previously known diabetes. The combined use of all four cardioprotective drugs in these groups was 53, 55 and 60 %, respectively. A blood pressure target of <140/90 mmHg was achieved in 68, 61, 54 % and a LDL-cholesterol target of <1.8 mmol/L in 16, 18 and 28 %. Patients with newly diagnosed and previously known diabetes reached an HbA1c <7.0 % (53 mmol/mol) in 95 and 53 % and 11 % of those with previously known diabetes had an HbA1c >9.0 % (>75 mmol/mol). Of the patients with diabetes 69 % reported on low physical activity. The proportion of patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation programmes was low (approximate to 40 %) and only 27 % of those with diabetes had attended diabetes schools. Compared with data from previous surveys the use of cardioprotective drugs had increased and more patients were achieving the risk factor treatment targets. Conclusions: Despite advances in patient management there is further potential to improve both the detection and management of patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease. KW - heart KW - glycaemic control KW - cardiovascular diseases KW - myocardial infarction KW - glucose control KW - blood-glucose KW - risk factors KW - follow-up KW - mellitus KW - mortality KW - guidelines KW - coronary artery disease KW - type 2 diabetes KW - secondary prevention KW - management KW - guideline adherence KW - blood pressure KW - blood lipids Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-141358 VL - 14 IS - 133 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hillmann, Steffi A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Fraser, Alec A1 - Baeza, Juan A1 - Rudd, Anthony A1 - Norrving, Bo A1 - Asplund, Kjell A1 - Niewada, Maciej A1 - Dennis, Martin A1 - Hermanek, Peter A1 - Wolfe, Charles D. A. A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Temporal changes in the quality of acute stroke care in five national audits across Europe JF - BioMed Research International N2 - Background. Data on potential variations in delivery of appropriate stroke care over time are scarce. We investigated temporal changes in the quality of acute hospital stroke care across five national audits in Europe over a period of six years. Methods. Data were derived from national stroke audits in Germany, Poland, Scotland, Sweden, and England/Wales/Northern Ireland participating within the European Implementation Score (EIS) collaboration. Temporal changes in predefined quality indicators with comparable information between the audits were investigated. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate adherence to quality indicators over time. Results. Between 2004 and 2009, individual data from 542,112 patients treated in 538 centers participating continuously over the study period were included. In most audits, the proportions of patients who were treated on a SU, were screened for dysphagia, and received thrombolytic treatment increased over time and ranged from 2-fold to almost 4-fold increase in patients receiving thrombolytic therapy in 2009 compared to 2004. Conclusions. A general trend towards a better quality of stroke care defined by standardized quality indicators was observed over time. The association between introducing a specific measure and higher adherence over time might indicate that monitoring of stroke care performance contributes to improving quality of care. KW - ischemic stroke KW - indicators KW - thrombolysis KW - registries KW - outcomes KW - mortality KW - implementation KW - German Stroke Registers Study Group Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-149059 VL - 2015 IS - 432497 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Hermanek, Peter T1 - In reply: The quality of acute stroke treatment-an analysis of evidence-based indicators in 260 000 patients JF - Deutsches Aerzteblatt International N2 - No abstract available. KW - acute stroke KW - treatment Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-148666 VL - 112 ER - TY - THES A1 - Appel, Patricia T1 - Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung im Gesundheitswesen: Faktorielle Struktur des Kurzfragebogens zur Arbeitsanalyse (KFZA) T1 - Psychosocial workplace risk assessments in hospital workplaces: factorial validation of the Short Questionnaire for Workplace Analysis (KFZA) N2 - Hintergrund. Die gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Ein Standardinstrument, das in diesem Rahmen seit einigen Jahren zur Anwendung kommt, ist der Kurzfragebogens zur Arbeitsanalyse (KFZA), von Prümper et al. (1995). Dieser Fragebogen wurde ursprünglich für die Beurteilung von Bildschirmarbeitsplätzen konzipiert und für diese Berufsgruppe validiert. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die faktorielle Validität des KFZA bei einem Einsatz im Gesundheitswesen mittels einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse zu überprüfen. Da eine Fragebogenversion zum Einsatz kam, die zusätzlich spezifische Ergänzungsfragen für das Gesundheitswesen enthielt, sollte in einem zweiten Schritt auch dieser erweiterte KFZA einer Faktorenanalyse unterzogen werden. Methodik. Insgesamt 1731 Datensätze waren über einen Zeitraum von zehn Jahren in verschiedenen norddeutschen Krankenhäusern als Routinedaten erhoben worden. Nach listenweisem Fallausschluss in Folge des Einsatzes unterschiedlicher Fragebogenvarianten standen für den KFZA 1163 Datensätze und davon 1095 Datensätze für den erweiterten KFZA zur faktorenanalytischen Auswertung zur Verfügung. Die 26 Items des KFZA bzw. die 37 Items der erweiterten Version wurden einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse nach der Hauptkomponentenmethode unterzogen. Die Zahl der Faktoren wurde sowohl mittels Kaiser- als auch Scree-Kriterium bestimmt. Für die Interpretation der Faktoren wurden diese sowohl orthogonal nach der Varimax-Methode als auch direct-oblimin rotiert. Zur Abschätzung der Reliabilität wurde die interne Konsistenz anhand des Cronbach-α-Koeffizienten berechnet. Ergebnisse. Für die 26 Items des KFZA führte das Kaiser-Kriterium zu einer 7-Faktoren-Lösung mit einer Gesamtvarianzaufklärung von 62,0%, der Scree-Plot dagegen deutete auf vier Faktoren hin. Orthogonale und oblique Rotation brachten vergleichbare Ergebnisse. Die inhaltliche Interpretation unterstützte die Anzahl von sieben Faktoren, die wie folgt benannt wurden: „Soziale Beziehungen“, „Handlungsspielraum“, „Partizipations- und Entwicklungs-möglichkeiten“, „Quantitative Arbeitsbelastungen“, „Umgebungsbelastungen“, „Vielseitigkeit“ und „Qualitative Arbeitsbelastungen“. Für diese Skalen, die jeweils 2 bis 6 Items umfassten, konnten Cronbach-α-Koeffizienten zwischen 0,63 und 0,80 ermittelt werden. Die Faktorenanalyse des erweiterten KFZA mit insgesamt 37 Items führte nach Bestimmung des Kaiser-Kriteriums und Betrachtung der inhaltlichen Plausibilität zu einer 9-Faktoren-Lösung mit einer Gesamtvarianzaufklärung von 59,5%. Die beiden zusätzlichen Faktoren wurden mit „Fehlbeanspruchungsfolgen“ und „Emotionale Belastungen“ benannt. Die Werte des Cronbach-α-Koeffizienten lagen für diese Skalen zwischen 0,63 und 0,87. Diskussion. Statt der von den Autoren des KFZA beschriebenen elf Faktoren wurden bei einem Einsatz im Gesundheitswesen sieben Faktoren ermittelt. Auch wenn sich die Anzahl der Faktoren reduzierte, ließ sich die Struktur inhaltlich relativ gut replizieren. Besonders die Items des KFZA-Faktors „Ganzheitlichkeit“ erwiesen sich jedoch für den Einsatz im Gesundheitswesen als nicht passgenau. Die Ergänzungsitems des erweiterten KFZA bildeten zwei zusätzliche Faktoren bzw. ließen sich den zuvor ermittelten Faktoren sinnvoll zuordnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert somit einen Beitrag zur Einschätzung der Validität dieses in der Praxis häufig eingesetzten Instruments. Die psychometrische Prüfung kann jedoch noch nicht als vollständig erachtet werden und sollte in nachfolgenden Studien fortgeführt werden. N2 - Background: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in psychosocial workplace risk assessments in Germany. One of the questionnaires commonly employed for this purpose is the Short Questionnaire for Workplace Analysis (KFZA). Originally, the KFZA was developed and validated for office workers. The aim of the present study was to examine the factorial validity of the KFZA when applied to hospital settings. Therefore, we examined the factorial structure of a questionnaire that contained all the original items plus an extension adding 11 questions specific to hospital workplaces and analyzed both, the original version and the extended version. Methods: We analyzed questionnaire data of a total of 1731 physicians and nurses obtained over a ten-year period. Listwise exclusion of data sets was applied to account for variations in questionnaire versions and yielded 1163 questionnaires (1095 for the extended version) remaining for factor analysis. To examine the factor structure, we conducted a principal component factor analysis. The number of factors was determined using the Kaiser criterion and scree-plot methods. Factor interpretation was based on orthogonal Varimax rotation as well as oblique rotation. Results: The Kaiser criterion revealed a 7-factor solution for the 26 items of the KFZA, accounting for 62.0% of variance. The 7 factors were named: “Social Relationships”, “Job Control”, “Opportunities for Participation and Professional Development”, “Quantitative Work Demands”, “Workplace Environment”, “Variability” and “Qualitative Work Demands”. The factor analysis of the 37 items of the extended version yielded a 9-factor solution. The two additional factors were named “Consequences of Strain” and “Emotional Demands”. Cronbach’s α ranged from 0.63 to 0.87 for these scales. Conclusions: Overall, the KFZA turned out to be applicable to hospital workers, and its content-related structure was replicated well with some limitations. However, instead of the 11 factors originally proposed for office workers, a 7-factor solution appeared to be more suitable when employed in hospitals. In particular, the items of the KFZA factor “Completeness of Task” might need adaptation for the use in hospitals. Our study contributes to the assessment of the validity of this popular instrument and should stimulate further psychometric testing. KW - Psychische Belastung KW - Gefährdungsanalyse KW - Validität KW - Work-related Stress KW - Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung KW - Kurzfragebogen zur Arbeitsanalyse KFZA KW - Gesundheitswesen KW - Explorative Faktorenanalyse Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-143815 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, Craig J. A1 - Bray, Benjamin D. A1 - Hoffman, Alex A1 - Meisel, Andreas A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Wolfe, Charles D. A. A1 - Tyrrell, Pippa J. A1 - Rudd, Anthony G. T1 - Can a novel clinical risk score improve pneumonia prediction in acute stroke care? A UK multicenter cohort study JF - Journal of the American Heart Association N2 - Background Pneumonia frequently complicates stroke and has amajor impact on outcome. We derived and internally validated a simple clinical risk score for predicting stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP), and compared the performance with an existing score (A\(^{2}\)DS\(^{2}\)). Methods and Results We extracted data for patients with ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage from the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme multicenter UK registry. The data were randomly allocated into derivation (n=11 551) and validation (n=11 648) samples. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to the derivation data to predict SAP in the first 7 days of admission. The characteristics of the score were evaluated using receiver operating characteristics (discrimination) and by plotting predicted versus observed SAP frequency in deciles of risk (calibration). Prevalence of SAP was 6.7% overall. The final 22-point score (ISAN: prestroke Independence [modified Rankin scale], Sex, Age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) exhibited good discrimination in the ischemic stroke derivation (C-statistic 0.79; 95% CI 0.77 to 0.81) and validation (C-statistic 0.78; 95% CI 0.76 to 0.80) samples. It was well calibrated in ischemic stroke and was further classified into meaningful risk groups (low 0 to 5, medium6 to 10, high 11 to 14, and very high >= 15) associated with SAP frequencies of 1.6%, 4.9%, 12.6%, and 26.4%, respectively, in the validation sample. Discrimination for both scores was similar, although they performed less well in the intracerebral hemorrhage patients with an apparent ceiling effect. Conclusions The ISAN score is a simple tool for predicting SAP in clinical practice. External validation is required in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke cohorts. KW - acute ischemic stroke KW - medical complications KW - infection KW - diagnosis KW - stroke-associated pneumonia KW - clinical risk score KW - pneumonia KW - stroke, acute KW - metaanalysis KW - reliability KW - dysphagia KW - scale KW - mortality KW - intracerebral hemorrhage Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-144602 VL - 4 IS - 1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hochreuter, Anna-Katharina T1 - Trost im Klinikalltag. Eine qualitative Untersuchung zur Sterbebegleitung T1 - Consolation in daily hospital routine – a qualitative study on care for the dying N2 - Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, den Stellenwert von Trost im Umgang mit Patienten und Angehörigen aufzuzeigen und mittels einer empirischen Untersuchung zur Sterbebegleitung festzustellen, wie dies in der Realität im Klinikalltag umgesetzt wird. Hierfür wurde die Sterbebegleitung auf zwei unterschiedlichen Stationen innerhalb eines Krankenhauses qualitativ ausgewertet. Der theoretische Teil der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigt anhand wissenschaftlicher Daten, welche unterschiedlichen Bedürfnisse schwerstkranke und sterbende Patienten und ihre Angehörigen an den Arzt im Hinblick auf Trost haben und wie diesen angemessen begegnet werden kann. Mittels teilstrukturiertem Leitfadeninterview wurden Ärzte und Pflegekräfte als Experten dazu befragt, wie die Begleitung sterbender Patienten und ihrer Angehörigen aussieht und wie sie den Betroffenen Trost spenden. Die Aspekte Zeit, Raum, Personal und Ausbildung und ihr Einfluss auf die Begleitung wurden thematisiert. Zuletzt wurden die Experten nach ihrer Vorstellung von einem würdevollen Sterben im Krankenhaus und Ansätzen zur Verbesserung des Umgangs mit sterbenden Patienten und ihren Angehörigen gefragt. Nach dem Prinzip des Theoretical Sampling der Grounded Theory nach Glaser und Strauss wurde die Sterbebegleitung auf einer Normal- und einer Palliativstation gegenübergestellt. Insgesamt wurden vier Ärzte und acht Pflegekräfte interviewt. Das Sampling pro Gruppe wurde beendet, nachdem die theoretische Sättigung erreicht war. Die Auswertung der Interviews erfolgte nach dem Prinzip von Meuser und Nagel. Es wurde untersucht, wie Trost in der Begleitung sterbender Patienten und ihrer Angehörigen gestaltet wird. Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Stationen wurden herausgearbeitet und analysiert, worauf diese zurückzuführen sind. Lösungsansätze für eine Verbesserung der Situation im Krankenhaus wurden konzipiert. Das Ergebnis der Untersuchung zeigt, dass sich alle befragten Ärzte und Pflegekräfte der existentiellen Ausnahmesituation von Sterbenden und Angehörigen bewusst sind und ein hohes Maß an Bereitschaft vorhanden ist, eine adäquate Begleitung zu gewährleisten. Die Möglichkeiten der Sterbebegleitung auf der Palliativstation werden insgesamt als gut bewertet. Im Mittelpunkt steht die individuelle Begleitung des sterbenden Patienten und seiner Angehörigen. Bemängelt werden ein teilweise zu hoher Patientendurchlauf und eine zu geringe pflegerische Besetzung im Nachtdienst. Im Gegensatz dazu wird die Arbeit der Begleiter auf der Normalstation durch den niedrigeren Personalschlüssel und die gegebenen Räumlichkeiten limitiert. Problematisch ist vor allem die mangelnde Ausbildung im Umgang mit Sterbenden und Angehörigen. Um die Situation in Krankenhäusern, insbesondere auf den Normalstationen zu verbessern, sollte ein gesellschaftliches Umdenken stattfinden. Voraussetzung hierfür ist das Bewusstsein und die Akzeptanz, dass Sterben unabdingbar zum Leben gehört und somit auf jeder Station eines Krankenhauses stattfindet. Auf politischen Ebenen können entsprechende Maßnahmen in die Wege geleitet und die notwendigen Mittel bereitgestellt werden, damit nicht nur auf Palliativ- sondern auch auf Normalstationen geschultes Personal und geeignete Räumlichkeiten zur Verfügung stehen, um allen sterbenden Patienten und ihren Angehörigen eine bestmögliche Begleitung zuteilwerden zu lassen. N2 - The aim of this thesis is to show the role of consolation in contact with patients and relatives and to identify how it is practiced in daily hospital routine indeed. Therefore, the care for the dying on two different wards of one hospital was qualitatively analysed. Based on scientific data, the needs and expectations of terminally ill patients and their family members to the doctor regarding consolation and an adequate handling with this topic were revealed. In guided expert interviews doctors and caregivers were consulted on the support of dying patients and their relatives and the performing of consolation, the basic conditions - i.e. room, staff, time and professional training - being the central theme. By the principle of Grounded Theory by Glaser and Strauss, a general ward and a palliative care unit were compared. The sampling was completed as theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were analysed according to the strategy of Meuser and Nagel. The care for the dying on the palliative care unit was generally reviewed as good. A high patient turn-over and a reduced staff of caregivers during night shifts were criticised. On general ward, limited personal resources and the given premises impede the work of doctors and caregivers. The greatest problem however is the lack of professional training in dealing with dying patients and their relatives. Dying is a process that takes place on every hospital ward. It’s time for a fundamental rethink so that the best possible support is granted to every dying patient as well as his or her family members. KW - Trost KW - Sterbebegleitung Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-140084 ER - TY - THES A1 - Raevskaia, Sofia T1 - Überlebensrate parodontal schwer vorgeschädigter Zähne unter regelmäßiger parodontaler Erhaltungstherapie T1 - Survival rate of periodontal severely damaged teeth with regular periodontal maintenance therapy N2 - Diese Studie sollte die Überlebensrate parodontal schwer vorgeschädigter parodontaler Taschen prüfen. Untersucht wurde anhand von Patienten aus dem Studentenkurs der Parodontologie in Würzburg, die eine nicht-chirurgische Parodontitistherapie nach dem Würzburger Behandlungskonzept erhielten. Ausgewählt wurden alle Patienten, die zum Zeitpunkt ihrer Initialtherapie parodontale Taschen mit einer Sondierungstiefe von 8 mm oder mehr aufwiesen. Nach diesem Kriterium ergab die Ermittlung ganzer Behandlungsjahrgänge 179 Patienten mit dem durchschnittlichen Alter von ca. 57 Jahren, die sich in den Jahren 2008, 2009, 2011 und 2012 erstmals aufgrund von Parodontitis behandeln ließen. Alle untersuchten Patienten durchliefen das Standardprocedere der Initialtherapie und einer Reevaluation. Die meisten Patienten nahmen an dem für gewöhnlich bis zu zwei Mal jährlich stattfindenden Recallterminen mehr oder weniger regelmäßig teil, was die Alltagsrealität in den deutschen Zahnarztpraxen wiederspiegelt. Die Untersuchung beinhaltet insgesamt 627 Zähne mit 1331 parodontalen Taschen. Ihre Auswertung erfolgte durch die Kaplan-Meier-Schätzung. Diese ist eine Überlebenszeitanalyse, die die Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Eintreffen eines oder mehrerer vorausgewählter Ereignisse berechnet. Diese Ereignisse wurden in dieser Untersuchung durch die für die parodontale Stabilität wichtigen Sondierungstiefen (5 mm und weniger, 5-8 mm und 8mm und größer) definiert. Der Vorteil dieser Auswertungsmethode besteht darin, dass alle Patienten bis zum Zeitpunkt ihrer letzten Behandlung in die Untersuchung einbezogen werden und dass die Zielereignisse variabel definiert werden können. In der Hauptanalyse der 179 Patienten beschrieb die Überlebenskurve der Kaplan-Meier-Schätzung den positiven Effekt des Behandlungskonzeptes. Nach drei Jahren lag die Wahrscheinlichkeit bei 65,7 % für das Erreichen von Sondierungstiefen 5 mm oder weniger, was den Bereich der parodontalen Stabilität darstellt. Selbst unter der am meisten pessimistischen Annahme erreichten nach drei Jahren knapp ein Drittel aller Patienten den Bereich der parodontalen Stabilität. N2 - This study was designed to examine the survival rate of periodontally heavily damaged periodontal pockets. The examination was based on patients from the periodontology student course in Würzburg, who received non-surgical periodontitis therapy according to the Würzburg treatment concept. KW - Parodontitis KW - Periodontitis KW - nicht-chirurgische Erhaltungstherapie, parodontale Taschen Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200138 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hardörfer, Katrin T1 - Wirksamkeit einer Yogatherapie bei Tumorpatienten auf Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue - eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie T1 - Effect of Yoga Therapy on Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression and Fatigue in Cancer Patients - a Randomised Controlled Trial N2 - Viele Tumorpatienten leiden unter Symptomen von Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue. Yoga als komplementäre und alternative Medizin ist in den letzten Jahren immer mehr in den Fokus der Forschung gerückt. Es wurden schon zahlreiche Studien durchgeführt, die kurzfristige Effekte bei Tumorpatienten zeigen konnten. Diese Ergebnisse beschränkten sich jedoch zumeist auf Brustkrebspatientinnen und konnten daher noch nicht verallgemeinert und so für ein breites klinisches Setting zugänglich gemacht werden. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersuchte die Wirksamkeit einer Yogaintervention bei Tumorpatienten unterschiedlicher Tumorentität. Die Effekte auf die Belastun¬gen Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue wurden betrachtet. Es wurden die Hypo¬thesen formuliert, dass durch eine achtwöchige Yogaintervention die Outcomes Angst, Depressivität und Fatigue signifikant im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe gesenkt werden können. Außerdem wurden die Erwartungen an die Yogainter¬vention sowie ihre Bewertung erfragt. Das Studiendesign zur Überprüfung der Hypothesen bestand aus einer rando-misiert kontrollierten Studie mit einer achtwöchigen Yogaintervention im Vergleich mit einer Wartekontrollgruppe. Die Yogasitzungen dauerten wöchent¬lich 60 Minuten und wurden in Gruppen von zehn bis zwölf Probanden unter der Leitung einer zur Yogatherapeutin ausgebildete Psychoonkologin durchgeführt. Die Yogaintervention enthielt Körper- sowie Atemübungen und Meditation. Es wurden Selbsteinschätzungsbögen zum Prä- und Postinterventionszeitpunkt verwandt. Angstsymptome wurden mit dem GAD-7-Fragebogen, Depressivität mit dem PHQ-2-Fragebogen und Fatigue mit dem EORTC-QLQ FA13-Fragebogen ermittelt. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt eine Yogatherapie nach dem achtwöchigen Wartezeitraum. Die Stichprobe beinhaltete gemischte Diagnosen und fast die Hälfte der Probanden wies eine andere Tumorentität als Mammakarzinom auf. 90% der Teilnehmer bildeten Frauen. In der Interventionsgruppe konnte im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe auf Angst ein großer signifikanter Effekt gefunden werden. Depressivität und Fatigue zeigten keinen signifikanten Effekt. Die Yogatherapie wurde, vor allem hinsichtlich Aufbau und Anleitung, überwiegend gut bewertet und die Erwartungen erfüllt. Aus den Befragungen ging hervor, dass die Teil¬nehmer subjektiv von der Yogaintervention profitierten und selbst Yoga weiter durchführen möchten sowie die Yogaintervention auch anderen Tumorpatienten weiterempfehlen würden. Zusammenfassend kann man aus dieser Studie schließen, dass eine Yoga-intervention eine vielversprechende, supportive Therapie zu sein scheint. Eine Verallgemeinerung der Ergebnisse für ein breites klinisches Setting konnte vor allem mit dem hohen Frauenanteil und dem hohen Anteil an Brustkrebs-patientinnen nicht ohne weiteres vorgenommen werden. Es bedarf weiterer Forschung, die ihren Schwerpunkt auf größer angelegte Stichproben mit ver-schiedenen Tumorentitäten und einem ausgeglichenen Geschlechterverhältnis legt. N2 - Summary Background: Many cancer patients suffer from symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue. Supportive treatments are increasingly used to alleviate distress in cancer. In this study, effects of yoga on these symptoms are examined. Methods: We performed a randomized controlled study on cancer patients with mixed diagnoses comparing yoga therapy with a waiting-list control group. We measured anxiety symptoms with the General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD 7), depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ 2) and fatigue with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment in Cancer Fatigue Scale (EORTC QLQ FA13). The yoga therapy was carried out in weekly sessions of 60 minutes each for 8 weeks. The exercises provided restrained body and breathing exercises as well as meditations. The control group didn’t receive any yoga therapy during waiting. Results: A total of 70 subjects participated in the study. Anxiety was significantly reduced by the yoga therapy in the intervention group compared to the control group (p= 0.005). However, the yoga therapy did not show any significant effects on depression (p= 0.21) and fatigue (p= 0.11) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Yoga therapy may be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms in cancer patients and should be the subject of further research. KW - Yoga KW - Tumorpatient KW - Angst KW - Depressivität KW - Fatigue Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-167920 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Philip P. A1 - Rau, Monika A1 - Schmitt, Johannes A1 - Malsch, Carolin A1 - Hammer, Christian A1 - Bantel, Heike A1 - Müllhaupt, Beat A1 - Geier, Andreas T1 - Performance of serum microRNAs -122, -192 and -21 as biomarkers in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Objectives Liver biopsies are the current gold standard in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) diagnosis. Their invasive nature, however, still carries an increased risk for patients' health. The development of non-invasive diagnostic tools to differentiate between bland steatosis (NAFL) and NASH remains crucial. The aim of this study is the evaluation of investigated circulating microRNAs in combination with new targets in order to optimize the discrimination of NASH patients by non-invasive serum biomarkers. Methods Serum profiles of four microRNAs were evaluated in two cohorts consisting of 137 NAFLD patients and 61 healthy controls. In a binary logistic regression model microRNAs of relevance were detected. Correlation of microRNA appearance with known biomarkers like ALT and CK18-Asp396 was evaluated. A simplified scoring model was developed, combining the levels of microRNA in circulation and CK18-Asp396 fragments. Receiver operating characteristics were used to evaluate the potential of discriminating NASH. Results The new finding of our study is the different profile of circulating miR-21 in NASH patients (p<0.0001). Also, it validates recently published results of miR-122 and miR-192 to be differentially regulated in NAFL and NASH. Combined microRNA expression profiles with CK18-Asp396 fragment level scoring model had a higher potential of NASH prediction compared to other risk biomarkers (AUROC = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.754-0.908; p<0.001). Evaluation of score model for NAFL (Score = 0) and NASH (Score = 4) had shown high rates of sensitivity (91%) and specificity (83%). Conclusions Our study defines candidates for a combined model of miRNAs and CK18-Asp396 levels relevant as a promising expansion for diagnosis and in turn treatment of NASH. KW - fatty liver disease KW - independent marker KW - expression KW - injury KW - NAFLD KW - circulating micrornas KW - caspase activation KW - fibrosis KW - miR-122 KW - apoptosis Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-145147 VL - 10 IS - 11 ER - TY - THES A1 - Duelli, Kristin T1 - Der Zusammenhang von soziodemografischen, krankheitsbezogenen und psychosozialen Risikofaktoren mit der psychischen Belastung und dem Wunsch nach psychosozialer Unterstützung bei Brustkrebspatientinnen T1 - Sociodemographic, disease-related and psychosocial risk faktors according to psychological distress and desire for psychosocial support of breast cancer patients N2 - Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es soziodemografische, krankheitsbezogene und psychosozi¬ale Variablen, die in Zusammenhang mit der psychischen Belastung und dem Wunsch nach psychosozialer Unterstützung stehen, von Brustkrebspatientinnen zu identifi¬zieren. Dabei werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Art der Erkrankung, die körperli¬che Leistungsfähigkeit, die funktionelle soziale Unterstützung, unterteilt in posi-tive Unterstützung und belastende Interaktionen, der Familienstand bzw. die Partner-schaft und das Vorhandensein von Kindern als unabhängige Variablen näher untersucht. Aus einer Baseline-Erhebung einer Längsschnittstudie aus Deutschland, die unter ande-rem auch Patienten in der Universitäts-Frauenklinik in Würzburg rekrutiert hat, gehen 27 Brustkrebspatientinnen in die Auswertung der vorliegenden Arbeit mit ein. Zudem entstammen weitere Daten von 202 Brustkrebspatienten aus einer vorangegangenen multizentrischen Querschnittsstudie, deren Rekrutierung ebenfalls in der Frauenklinik stattfand. Die Stichprobe umfasst insgesamt 229 Patienten mit einem Altersdurchschnitt von 55,22 Jahren. Die Erfassung des Wunsches nach psychosozialer Unterstützung er-folgte mittels 3 spezifischen Fragen. Diese beinhalten das Bedürfnis nach psychosozialer Unterstützung und erfragen die Akzeptanz eines solchen Angebots sowie den Wunsch, mit jemandem über die psychi-sche Belastung durch die Erkrankung zu sprechen. Die psychische Belastung wurde mit dem PHQ-9-Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Depressivi¬tät und dem GAD-7-Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Angst, gemessen. Die Untersuchung brachte folgende Ergebnisse: Die belastenden Interaktionen der sozia¬len Unterstützung stehen in signifikantem Zusammenhang mit dem Schwergrad der psychischen Belastung, sowohl im PHQ-9-Fragebogen über Depressivität als auch beim GAD-7- Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument zur Erfassung der Angst. Ebenso ist ein signifikanter negativer Zusammenhang mit schwach bis mittelstarker Effektstärke zwischen der positiven funktionellen Unterstützung und dem Ausmaß der Angst-symptomatik vorhanden. Auch der Kar¬nofsky-Index weist einen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit der Depressivität auf und einen nicht-signifikanten Trend bezüglich Angstsymptomen. Keine Zusammenhänge finden sich mit der Art der Erkrankung, dem Familien¬stand bzw. dem Vorhandensein einer Partnerschaft, sowie dem Vorhandensein von Kindern. In Bezug auf das Bedürfnis, die Akzeptanz und den Wunsch nach psychosozia¬ler Unterstützung konnten ebenfalls keine signifikanten Zusammenhänge mit den oben genannten soziodemografischen, psychosozialen und krankheitsbezoge¬nen Variablen festgestellt werden. Die Ergebnisse stimmen teilweise mit bisherigen Studien überein. Die Abweichungen, die zu anderen Publikationen bestehen, sind weitestgehend auf Unterschiede im Rahmen der Stichproben und der Messinstrumente zurückzuführen. Zukünftige Publikationen sollten in Form von Longitudinalstudien den zeitlichen Verlauf der Einflussfaktoren auf die abhängigen Variablen näher untersuchen. Zudem wäre eine Vereinheitlichung der Messmethoden für einen besseren Vergleich der Ergebnisse unter¬schiedlicher Studien untereinander ratsam. Außerdem sollte auch für den klinischen Bereich zukünftige Bestrebungen sein, weitere Leitlinien zum Thema psychoonkologische Unterstützung zu etablieren, Wege zu finden dem medizinischen Personal das Erkennen psychischer Belastung bei Patienten und deren Bedürfnis nach Unterstützung zu erleichtern und die Integration psychosozialer Betreuungs- und Unterstützungsangebote im klinischen Alltag zu verstärken N2 - Objective: Cancer patients frequently suffer from psychological distress caused by the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study is to examine sociodemographic, disease-related and psychosocial risk faktors, which may have an impact as independant predictors according to psychological distress and desire for psychosocial support of breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 229 breast cancer patients were evaluated. Symptoms of depression were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire, symptoms of anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and social support with the Ilness-specific Social Support Scale. Results: Independant predictors of psychological distress included detrimental aspects of social support both according to depression symtoms and anxiety symptoms whereas positive support only showed a significant main effect according to anxiety symptoms. Furthermore we determined an independant correlation between reduced performance status measured with the Karnofsky-Index and symptoms of depression. There were no significant correlates between sociodemographic, disease-related or psychosocial risk faktors and the desire for psychosocial support. Conclusion: Little is known about the temporal change of independant predictors and the main reason for the influence on psychological distress and desire for psychosocial support. There should be a fokus of future studies. KW - Soziale Unterstützung KW - psychische Belastung KW - Brustkrebspatientinnen KW - Wunsch nach psychosozialer Unterstützung KW - soziodemografische Risikofaktoren KW - krankheitsbezogene Risikofaktoren KW - psychosoziale Risikofaktoren Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-171686 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Magyar, Attila A1 - Wagner, Martin A1 - Thomas, Phillip A1 - Malsch, Carolin A1 - Schneider, Reinhard A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U A1 - Leyh, Rainer G A1 - Oezkur, Mehmet T1 - HO-1 concentrations 24 hours after cardiac surgery are associated with the incidence of acute kidney injury: a prospective cohort study JF - International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease N2 - Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication after cardiac surgery that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme synthesized in renal tubular cells as one of the most intense responses to oxidant stress linked with protective, anti-inflammatory properties. Yet, it is unknown if serum HO-1 induction following cardiac surgical procedure involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with incidence and severity of AKI. Patients and methods: In the present study, we used data from a prospective cohort study of 150 adult cardiac surgical patients. HO-1 measurements were performed before, immediately after and 24 hours post-CPB. In univariate and multivariate analyses, the association between HO-1 and AKI was investigated. Results: AKI with an incidence of 23.3% (35 patients) was not associated with an early elevation of HO-1 after CPB in all patients (P=0.88), whereas patients suffering from AKI developed a second burst of HO-1 24 hours after CBP. In patients without AKI, the HO-1 concentrations dropped to baseline values (P=0.031). Furthermore, early HO-1 induction was associated with CPB time (P=0.046), while the ones 24 hours later lost this association (P=0.219). Conclusion: The association of the second HO-1 burst 24 hours after CBP might help to distinguish between the causality of AKI in patients undergoing CBP, thus helping to adapt patient stratification and management. KW - acute kidney injury KW - cardiac surgery KW - heme oxygenase-1 KW - cardiopulmonary bypass Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177250 VL - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Magg, Barbara A1 - Riegler, Christoph A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Sommer, Claudia A1 - Üçeyler, Nurcan T1 - Self-administered version of the Fabry-associated pain questionnaire for adult patients JF - Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases N2 - Background Fabry-associated pain may be the first symptom of Fabry disease (FD) and presents with a unique phenotype including mostly acral burning triggerable pain attacks, evoked pain, pain crises, and permanent pain. We recently developed and validated the first Fabry Pain Questionnaire (FPQ) for adult patients. Here we report on the validation of the self-administered version of the FPQ that no longer requires a face-to-face interview but can be filled in by the patients themselves allowing more flexible data collection. Methods At our Würzburg Fabry Center for Interdisciplinary Treatment, Germany, we have developed the self-administered version of the FPQ by adapting the questionnaire to a self-report version. To do this, consecutive Fabry patients with current or past pain history (n = 56) were first interviewed face-to-face. Two weeks later patients’ self-reported questionnaire results were collected by mail (n = 55). We validated the self-administered version of the FPQ by assessing the inter-rater reliability agreement of scores obtained by supervised administration and self-administration of the FPQ. Results The FPQ contains 15 questions on the different pain phenotypes, on pain development during life with and without therapy, and on impairment due to pain. Statistical analysis showed that the majority of questions were answered in high agreement in both sessions with a mean AC1-statistic of 0.857 for 55 nominal-scaled items and a mean ICC of 0.587 for 9 scores. Conclusions This self-administered version of the first pain questionnaire for adult Fabry patients is a useful tool to assess Fabry-associated pain without a time-consuming face-to-face interview but via a self-reporting survey allowing more flexible usage. KW - Fabry disease KW - Fabry-associated pain KW - pain questionnaire Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-145294 VL - 10 IS - 113 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sonnenschein-van der Voort, Agnes M. M. A1 - Arends, Lidia R. A1 - de Jongste, Johan C. A1 - Annesi-Maesano, Isabella A1 - Arshad, S. Hasan A1 - Barros, Henrique A1 - Basterrechea, Mikel A1 - Bisgaard, Hans A1 - Chatzi, Leda A1 - Corpeleijn, Eva A1 - Correia, Sofia A1 - Craig, Leone C. A1 - Devereux, Graham A1 - Dogaru, Cristian A1 - Dostal, Miroslav A1 - Duchen, Karel A1 - Eggesbø, Merete A1 - van der Ent, C. Kors A1 - Fantini, Maria P. A1 - Forastiere, Francesco A1 - Frey, Urs A1 - Gehring, Ulrike A1 - Gori, Davide A1 - van der Gugten, Anne C. A1 - Hanke, Wojciech A1 - Henderson, A. John A1 - Heude, Barbara A1 - Iñiguez, Carmen A1 - Inskip, Hazel M. A1 - Keil, Thomas A1 - Kelleher, Cecily C. A1 - Kogevinas, Manolis A1 - Kreiner-Møller, Eskil A1 - Kuehni, Claudia E. A1 - Küpers, Leanne K. A1 - Lancz, Kinga A1 - Larsen, Pernille S. A1 - Lau, Susanne A1 - Ludvigsson, Johnny A1 - Mommers, Monique A1 - Andersen, Anne-Marie Nybo A1 - Palkovicova, Lubica A1 - Pike, Katherine C. A1 - Pizzi, Constanza A1 - Polanska, Kinga A1 - Porta, Daniela A1 - Richiardi, Lorenzo A1 - Roberts, Graham A1 - Schmidt, Anne A1 - Sram, Radim J. A1 - Sunyer, Jordi A1 - Thijs, Carel A1 - Torrent, Maties A1 - Viljoen, Karien A1 - Wijga, Alet H. A1 - Vrijheid, Martine A1 - Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. A1 - Duijts, Liesbeth T1 - Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children JF - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology N2 - Background Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results. Objectives We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years). Methods First, we performed an adjusted 1-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the combined associations of gestational age, birth weight, and infant weight gain with childhood asthma. Second, we performed an adjusted 2-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the associations of preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) with childhood asthma outcomes. Results Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were independently associated with higher risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (P < .05). The inverse associations of birth weight with childhood asthma were explained by gestational age at birth. Compared with term-born children with normal infant weight gain, we observed the highest risks of school-age asthma in children born preterm with high infant weight gain (odds ratio [OR], 4.47; 95% CI, 2.58-7.76). Preterm birth was positively associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing (pooled odds ratio [pOR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.25-1.43) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18-1.67) independent of birth weight. Weaker effect estimates were observed for the associations of low birth weight adjusted for gestational age at birth with preschool wheezing (pOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27). Conclusion Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were associated with childhood asthma outcomes. The associations of lower birth weight with childhood asthma were largely explained by gestational age at birth." KW - gestational age KW - low birth weight KW - infant growth KW - wheezing KW - asthma KW - epidemiology KW - cohort studies KW - children Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-120714 VL - 133 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chung, Shen-Chia A1 - Gedeborg, Rolf A1 - Nicholas, Owen A1 - James, Stefan A1 - Jeppsson, Anders A1 - Wolfe, Charles A1 - Heuschmann, Peter A1 - Wallentin, Lars A1 - Deanfield, John A1 - Timmis, Adam A1 - Jernberg, Tomas A1 - Hemingway, Harry T1 - Acute myocardial infarction: a comparison of short-term survival in national outcome registries in Sweden and the UK JF - Lancet N2 - Background International research for acute myocardial infarction lacks comparisons of whole health systems. We assessed time trends for care and outcomes in Sweden and the UK. Methods We used data from national registries on consecutive patients registered between 2004 and 2010 in all hospitals providing care for acute coronary syndrome in Sweden and the UK. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality 30 days after admission. We compared effectiveness of treatment by indirect casemix standardisation. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01359033. Findings We assessed data for 119 786 patients in Sweden and 391 077 in the UK. 30-day mortality was 7·6% (95% CI 7·4–7·7) in Sweden and 10·5% (10·4–10·6) in the UK. Mortality was higher in the UK in clinically relevant subgroups defined by troponin concentration, ST-segment elevation, age, sex, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus status, and smoking status. In Sweden, compared with the UK, there was earlier and more extensive uptake of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (59% vs 22%) and more frequent use of β blockers at discharge (89% vs 78%). After casemix standardisation the 30-day mortality ratio for UK versus Sweden was 1·37 (95% CI 1·30–1·45), which corresponds to 11 263 (95% CI 9620–12 827) excess deaths, but did decline over time (from 1·47, 95% CI 1·38–1·58 in 2004 to 1·20, 1·12–1·29 in 2010; p=0·01). Interpretation We found clinically important differences between countries in acute myocardial infarction care and outcomes. International comparisons research might help to improve health systems and prevent deaths. Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-121327 VL - 383 IS - 9925 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grube, Maike Miriam A1 - Koennecke, Hans-Christian A1 - Walter, Georg A1 - Meisel, Andreas A1 - Sobesky, Jan A1 - Nolte, Christian Hans A1 - Wellwood, Ian A1 - Heuschmann, Peter Ulrich T1 - Influence of Acute Complications on Outcome 3 Months after Ischemic Stroke JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Background: Early medical complications are potentially modifiable factors influencing in-hospital outcome. We investigated the influence of acute complications on mortality and poor outcome 3 months after ischemic stroke. Methods: Data were obtained from patients admitted to one of 13 stroke units of the Berlin Stroke Registry (BSR) who participated in a 3-months-follow up between June 2010 and September 2012. We examined the influence of the cumulative number of early in-hospital complications on mortality and poor outcome (death, disability or institutionalization) 3 months after stroke using multivariable logistic regression analyses and calculated attributable fractions to determine the impact of early complications on mortality and poor outcome. Results: A total of 2349 ischemic stroke patients alive at discharge from acute care were included in the analysis. Older age, stroke severity, pre-stroke dependency and early complications were independent predictors of mortality 3 months after stroke. Poor outcome was independently associated with older age, stroke severity, pre-stroke dependency, previous stroke and early complications. More than 60% of deaths and poor outcomes were attributed to age, pre-stroke dependency and stroke severity and in-hospital complications contributed to 12.3% of deaths and 9.1% of poor outcomes 3 months after stroke. Conclusion: The majority of deaths and poor outcomes after stroke were attributed to non-modifiable factors. However, early in-hospital complications significantly affect outcome in patients who survived the acute phase after stroke, underlining the need to improve prevention and treatment of complications in hospital. KW - hospital medical complications KW - quality-of-care KW - term mortality KW - Barthel-Index KW - rankin scale KW - risk-factors KW - trial KW - reliability KW - dependency KW - predictors Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128362 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 8 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steppuhn, Henriette A1 - Langen, Ute A1 - Scheidt-Nave, Christa A1 - Keil, Thomas T1 - Major comorbid conditions in asthma and association with asthma-related hospitalizations and emergency department admissions in adults: results from the German national health telephone interview survey (GEDA) 2010 JF - BMC Pulmonary Medicine N2 - Background: It remains unclear to what extent asthma in adults is linked to allergic rhinitis (AR), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and acetylsalicylic acid exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and how these comorbidities may affect asthma outcomes in the general population. We therefore aimed to assess the prevalence of these major comorbidities among adults with asthma and examine their impact on asthma exacerbations requiring hospital care. Methods: A total of 22,050 adults 18 years and older were surveyed in the German National Health Telephone Interview Survey (GEDA) 2010 using a highly standardized computer-assisted interview technique. The study population comprised participants with self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma, among which the current (last 12 months) prevalence of AR and GERD-like symptoms (GERS), and life-time prevalence of AERD was estimated. Weighted bivariate analyses and logistic regression models were applied to assess the association of each comorbid condition with the asthma outcome (any self-reported asthma-related hospitalization and/or emergency department (ED) admission in the past year). Results: Out of 1,136 adults with asthma, 49.6% had GERS and 42.3% had AR within the past 12 months; 14.0% met the criteria of AERD, and 75.7% had at least one out of the three conditions. Overall, the prevalence of at least one exacerbation requiring emergency room or hospital admission within the past year was 9.0%. Exacerbation prevalence was higher among participants with comorbidities than among those without (9.8% vs. 8.2% for GERS; 11.2% vs. 7.6% for AR, and 22.2% vs. 7.0% for AERD), but only differences in association with AERD were statistically significant. A strong association between asthma exacerbation and AERD persisted in multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusting for sex, age group, level of body mass index, smoking status, educational attainment, and duration of asthma: odds ratio (OR) = 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.5-8.2. Conclusions: Data from this large nation-wide study provide evidence that GERS, AR and AERD are all common comorbidities among adults with asthma. Our data underline the public health and clinical impact of asthma with complicating AERD, contributing considerably to disease-specific hospitalization and/or ED admission in a defined asthma population, and emphasize the importance of its recognition in asthma care. KW - management KW - update KW - impact KW - risk KW - severity KW - prevalence KW - clinical-practice KW - aspirin sensitivity KW - allergic rhinitis KW - exacebrated respiratory-disease KW - gastroesophageal reflux disease KW - gastroesophageal reflux KW - hospitalization KW - national health survey KW - acetylsalicylic acid exacerbated respiratory disease KW - adult KW - aspirin-induced asthma KW - asthma Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122121 VL - 13 IS - 46 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krist, Lilian A1 - Dimeo, Fernando A1 - Keil, Thomas T1 - Can progressive resistance training twice a week improve mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in very elderly nursing-home residents with impaired mobility? A pilot study JF - Clinical Interventions in Aging N2 - Purpose: To determine the effects of progressive resistance training on mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in nursing-home residents with impaired mobility. Methods: Nursing-home residents aged 77 years and older with impaired mobility were recruited in Berlin, Germany. The eight-week exercise program consisted of progressive resistance training twice a week. Mobility (primary outcome) was assessed with the Elderly Mobility Scale (zero = worst, 20 = best) at baseline and after 8 weeks. Muscle strength (secondary outcome) was determined by the eight-repetition maximum. The Short Form-36 Health Survey was used to assess quality of life. Results: Of the 15 participants (mean age 84 years, range 77-97 years), ten completed the 8-week program. Mobility (Elderly Mobility Scale mean +/- standard deviation pre 14.1 +/- 3.2 and post 17.5 +/- 3.6; P = 0.005) as well as muscle strength of upper and lower limbs improved (from 62% at chest press up to 108% at leg extension machine), whereas most quality of life subscales did not show considerable change. Conclusion: Resistance training twice a week over 2 months seemed to considerably improve mobility and muscle strength in persons aged 77-97 years with impaired mobility. KW - moderate KW - balance KW - term KW - age KW - elderly KW - nursing home KW - muscle strength KW - mobility KW - resistance training KW - power KW - exercise program KW - older-adults KW - form health survey KW - randomized controlled-trial Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-122176 VL - 8 ER - TY - THES A1 - Reimer, Christine T1 - Suizidalität bei Krebspatienten und ihre Korrelate T1 - Suicidality in patients with cancer and their correlates N2 - Hintergrund vorliegender Arbeit ist, dass mehrere Studien eine erhöhte Suizidrate bei Krebspatienten im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung gezeigt haben. Zu suizidalen Gedanken und Handlungen (Suizidalität) bei Krebspatienten und ihren Risikofaktoren gibt es jedoch nur wenige Studien. Ziel der Arbeit war, die Prävalenz von Suizidgedanken bei Krebspatienten festzustellen, und einen Zusammenhang zwischen Suizidalität und den Faktoren Geschlecht, Depressivität, Angst, Distress, Schmerzen, der Inanspruchnahme psychosozialer Unterstützungsangebote sowie bestimmten Tumorlokalisationen zu untersuchen. Die Tumorlokalisationen wurden zwischen Lokalisationen mit erhöhtem vs. nicht erhöhtem Stigmatisierungspotential bzw. Lokalisationen mit besonders negativer vs. nicht besonders negativer Prognose unterschieden. Im Rahmen einer multizentrischen, deutschlandweiten Querschnittstudie wurden Krebspatienten mithilfe des Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) hinsichtlich ihrer Suizidalität und verschiedenen Korrelaten mithilfe validierter Messinstrumente untersucht. In vorliegender Arbeit wurden die Daten der im Studienzentrum Würzburg rekrutierten Patienten ausgewertet. Eine Stichprobe von 770 Krebspatienten wurde ambulant (25,7%), stationär (43,4%) und in der Rehabilitation (30,9%) rekrutiert. Alle Patienten waren zwischen 18 und 75 Jahre alt, 52,9% waren weiblich. Das Durchschnittsalter der Befragten lag bei 57,2 Jahren. Die häufigsten Tumorlokalisationen waren die der Brustdrüse (26,4%), der Verdauungsorgane (26,7%) und die der männlichen Genitalorgane (10,0%). Suizidalität wurde bestimmt, indem das Item 9 aus dem PHQ-9„Gedanken, dass Sie lieber tot wären oder sich Leid zufügen möchten“ mit den Antwortmöglichkeiten „überhaupt nicht“, „an einzelnen Tagen“, „an der Hälfte der Tage“ oder „an beinahe jedem Tag“ verwendet wurde. In vorliegender Arbeit wurde ein Patient als suizidal eingestuft, wenn er im PHQ-9 bei Item 9 zur Suizidalität 1= „an einzelnen Tagen“, 2= „an der Hälfte der Tage“ oder 3= „an beinahe jedem Tag“ angegeben hat. Die Prävalenzrate von Suizidalität bei Krebspatienten liegt bei 14,2%. Die Faktoren Distress, Inanspruchnahme psychosozialer Unterstützung und Depressivität besitzen für Suizidalität eine unabhängige Vorhersagekraft. Ein univariater Zusammenhang mit Suizidalität wird für die Faktoren Geschlecht, Angst, Schmerz und Karnofsky-Status (körperliche Funktionsfähigkeit) festgestellt. Einer Adjustierung für andere Risikofaktoren hält dieser jedoch nicht stand. Die Faktoren Alter, Stigmatisierungspotential von Tumoren und negative Prognose von Tumoren hängen univariat nicht signifikant mit Suizidalität zusammen. Schlussfolgerung dieser Arbeit ist, dass auf mögliche Suizidalität bei Krebspatienten im Klinikalltag besonders geachtet werden muss und weitere Studien zur validen Erfassung von Suizidalität notwendig sind. N2 - Background the present study is that several studies have shown an increased rate of suicide in cancer patients compared with the general population . However, there are few studies about suicidal thoughts and actions ( suicidality ) in patients with cancer and their risk factors Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients with cancer , and to investigate a relationship between suicidality and the factors gender , depression , anxiety , distress , pain , the use of psychosocial support offerings and specific tumor sites . The tumor sites were between locations with increased vs. not increased stigmatization or potential locations with particularly negative vs. not particularly negative prognosis differed . As part of a multicenter , Germany-wide cross-sectional study of cancer patients were examined using the Patient Health Questionnaire ( PHQ ) in terms of their suicidality and various correlates using validated instruments . In the present study , the data of the recruited at the study center Würzburg patients were evaluated . A sample of 770 cancer patients were recruited outpatients ( 25.7% ) , stationary ( 43.4% ) and in rehabilitation ( 30.9% ) . All patients from 18 to 75 years of age , 52.9 % were female . The average age of respondents was 57.2 years . The most frequent tumor sites were the breast ( 26.4% ) , digestive system ( 26.7% ) and that of the male genital organs ( 10.0 % ) . Suicidality was determined by the item 9 of the PHQ - 9 " thoughts that you would be better off dead or wish to inflict suffering " with the possible answers "not at all " , " on some days " " to half the days " or " was used on almost every day " . In this work , a patient was classified as suicidal , if he has 1 = specified in the PHQ - 9 in Item 9 for suicidality " on some days " , 2 = " on half the days " or 3 = " at almost every day " . The prevalence rate of suicidal behavior in patients with cancer is 14.2% . The factors Distress , use psychosocial support and depression have an independent predictive power for suicidality . A univariate associated with suicidality is found for the factors sex , fear, pain and Karnofsky status ( physical functioning ) . However, an adjustment for other risk factors holding this was not . The factors of age , stigmatization potential of tumors and negative prognosis of tumors depend univariate not significantly associated with suicidal behavior together . Conclusion of this work is that of possible suicidal behavior in cancer patients in clinical practice requires particular attention and further studies on the valid detection of suicidal behavior are needed . KW - Suizidalität KW - Krebs Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125185 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Martin A1 - Ashby, Damien R. A1 - Kurtz, Caroline A1 - Alam, Ahsan A1 - Busbridge, Mark A1 - Raff, Ulrike A1 - Zimmermann, Josef A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Schramm, Lothar T1 - Hepcidin-25 in diabetic chronic kidney disease is predictive for mortality and progression to end stage renal disease JF - PLoS One N2 - Background Anemia is common and is associated with impaired clinical outcomes in diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). It may be explained by reduced erythropoietin (EPO) synthesis, but recent data suggest that EPO-resistance and diminished iron availability due to inflammation contribute significantly. In this cohort study, we evaluated the impact of hepcidin-25—the key hormone of iron-metabolism—on clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with CKD along with endogenous EPO levels. Methods 249 diabetic patients with CKD of any stage, excluding end-stage renal disease (ESRD), were enrolled (2003–2005), if they were not on EPO-stimulating agent and iron therapy. Hepcidin-25 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The association of hepcidin-25 at baseline with clinical variables was investigated using linear regression models. All-cause mortality and a composite endpoint of CKD progression (ESRD or doubling of serum creatinine) were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models. Results Patients (age 67 yrs, 53% male, GFR 51 ml/min, hemoglobin 131 g/L, EPO 13.5 U/L, hepcidin-25 62.0 ng/ml) were followed for a median time of 4.2 yrs. Forty-nine patients died (19.7%) and forty (16.1%) patients reached the composite endpoint. Elevated hepcidin levels were independently associated with higher ferritin-levels, lower EPO-levels and impaired kidney function (all p<0.05). Hepcidin was related to mortality, along with its interaction with EPO, older age, greater proteinuria and elevated CRP (all p<0.05). Hepcidin was also predictive for progression of CKD, aside from baseline GFR, proteinuria, low albumin- and hemoglobin-levels and a history of CVD (all p<0.05). Conclusions We found hepcidin-25 to be associated with EPO and impaired kidney function in diabetic CKD. Elevated hepcidin-25 and EPO-levels were independent predictors of mortality, while hepcidin-25 was also predictive for progression of CKD. Both hepcidin-25 and EPO may represent important prognostic factors of clinical outcome and have the potential to further define “high risk” populations in CKD. KW - diabetes mellitus KW - inflammation KW - type 2 diabetes KW - hemoglobin KW - chronic kidney disease KW - anemia KW - ferritin KW - proteinuria Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125514 VL - 10 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lukasczik, Matthias A1 - Gerlich, Christian A1 - Schuler, Michael A1 - Neuderth, Silke A1 - Dlugosch, Gabriele A1 - Faller, Hermann T1 - Stress and resources in women attending an inpatient prevention/rehabilitation measure for parents: Secondary analysis of quality assurance data JF - Open Journal of Medical Psychology N2 - Questionnaire data from two projects on the development of quality assurance instruments for an inpatient rehabilitation/prevention program for parents were used for a secondary analysis. In this analysis, the associations of gains in a psychosocial resource (parenting self-efficacy) and two types of stressors experienced by mothers at the start of treatment (parenting hassles, depressive symptoms) with general life satisfaction and satisfaction with health at the end of treatment were explored. Structural equation modeling was applied to data from N = 1724 female patients. Potential resource-stressor interactions were tested using the Latent Moderated Structural Equations approach. Results showed that parenting hassles were negatively associated with general life satisfaction and satisfaction with health while self-efficacy gains were weakly positively correlated with both variables. No interaction of parenting hassles and self-efficacy gains was found. Depressive symptoms were negatively associated with both satisfaction measures. In these models, self-efficacy gains were not substantially correlated with life satisfaction, but showed a small association with satisfaction with health. There was no significant interaction of depressive symptoms and self-efficacy gains. The findings imply that interventions for distressed mothers—as exemplarily illustrated by this inpatient setting—should focus on identifying and reducing initial stressors as these may continue to impair mothers’ subjective health despite gains in parenting-related resources. KW - parenting stress KW - resource KW - self-efficacy KW - depression KW - mothers Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125316 VL - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohmann, Christopher A1 - Milles, Bianca A1 - Schinke, Michael A1 - Schroeter, Michael A1 - Ulzheimer, Jochen A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph A1 - Lehmann, Paul V. A1 - Kuerten, Stefanie T1 - Categorization of multiple sclerosis relapse subtypes by B cell profiling in the blood JF - Acta Neuropathologica Communications N2 - INTRODUCTION: B cells are attracting increasing attention in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). B cell-targeted therapies with monoclonal antibodies or plasmapheresis have been shown to be successful in a subset of patients. Here, patients with either relapsing-remitting (n = 24) or secondary progressive (n = 6) MS presenting with an acute clinical relapse were screened for their B cell reactivity to brain antigens and were re-tested three to nine months later. Enzyme-linked immunospot technique (ELISPOT) was used to identify brain-reactive B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) directly ex vivo and after 96 h of polyclonal stimulation. Clinical severity of symptoms was determined using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). RESULTS: Nine patients displayed B cells in the blood producing brain-specific antibodies directly ex vivo. Six patients were classified as B cell positive donors only after polyclonal B cell stimulation. In 15 patients a B cell response to brain antigens was absent. Based on the autoreactive B cell response we categorized MS relapses into three different patterns. Patients who displayed brain-reactive B cell responses both directly ex vivo and after polyclonal stimulation (pattern I) were significantly younger than patients in whom only memory B cell responses were detectable or entirely absent (patterns II and III; p = 0.003). In one patient a conversion to a positive B cell response as measured directly ex vivo and subsequently also after polyclonal stimulation was associated with the development of a clinical relapse. The evaluation of the predictive value of a brain antigen-specific B cell response showed that seven of eight patients (87.5%) with a pattern I response encountered a clinical relapse during the observation period of 10 months, compared to two of five patients (40%) with a pattern II and three of 14 patients (21.4%) with a pattern III response (p = 0.0005; hazard ratio 6.08 (95% confidence interval 1.87-19.77). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate actively ongoing B cell-mediated immunity against brain antigens in a subset of MS patients that may be causative of clinical relapses and provide new diagnostic and therapeutic options for a subset of patients. KW - ELISPOT KW - MS KW - predictive value KW - relapse KW - B cells Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-120580 SN - 2051-5960 VL - 2 IS - 138 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Drechsler, Christiane A1 - Gunreben, Ignaz A1 - Nieswandt, Bernhard A1 - Stoll, Guido A1 - Heuschmann, Peter Ulrich A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph T1 - Von Willebrand Factor Regulation in Patients with Acute and Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease: A Pilot, Case-Control Study JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Background and Purpose In animal models, von Willebrand factor (VWF) is involved in thrombus formation and propagation of ischemic stroke. However, the pathophysiological relevance of this molecule in humans, and its potential use as a biomarker for the risk and severity of ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study had two aims: to identify predictors of altered VWF levels and to examine whether VWF levels differ between acute cerebrovascular events and chronic cerebrovascular disease (CCD). Methods A case–control study was undertaken between 2010 and 2013 at our University clinic. In total, 116 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transitory ischemic attack (TIA), 117 patients with CCD, and 104 healthy volunteers (HV) were included. Blood was taken at days 0, 1, and 3 in patients with AIS or TIA, and once in CCD patients and HV. VWF serum levels were measured and correlated with demographic and clinical parameters by multivariate linear regression and ANOVA. Results Patients with CCD (158±46%) had significantly higher VWF levels than HV (113±36%, P<0.001), but lower levels than AIS/TIA patients (200±95%, P<0.001). Age, sex, and stroke severity influenced VWF levels (P<0.05). Conclusions VWF levels differed across disease subtypes and patient characteristics. Our study confirms increased VWF levels as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease and, moreover, suggests that it may represent a potential biomarker for stroke severity, warranting further investigation. KW - cerebrovascular diseases KW - sex addiction KW - biomarkers KW - ischemic stroke KW - blood KW - stroke KW - platelets KW - demography Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-119588 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 6 ER - TY - THES A1 - Carl, Corinna T1 - Vergleichende Bestimmung des dentalen Alters von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Hilfe des "London Atlas of Dental Development", der Score-Methode nach Demirjian sowie ihrer Modifikation nach Willems T1 - Comparison of age estimation of children with the London Atlas of Dental Development, Demirjian's method and the modification of Willems N2 - Es wurde anhand von 500 OPGs aus der kieferorthopädischen Abteilung des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg eine dentale Altersbestimmung mit Hilfe des London Atlas of Dental Development, der Methode nach Demirjian sowie ihrer Modifikation nach Willems durchgeführt. Ziel war es herauszufinden, ob zuverlässig vom dentalen auf das chronologische Alter geschlossen werden kann. Die Methode nach Willems (M= -0,33J, SD=1,06J) ist der Methode nach Demirjian (M=-0,08J SD= 1,27J) und dem London Atlas (M=0,34J SD=1,09J) überlegen und kann auf die deutsche Population angewendet werden. N2 - Based on 500 OPGs from the orthodontic department of the University Hospital of Würzburg, a dental age determination was performed using the London Atlas of Dental Development, the method according to Demirjian and its modification according to Willems. The aim was to find out whether it is possible to draw reliable conclusions about the chronological age of a patient. The method according to Willems (M= -0.33y, SD=1.06y) outpreforms the methods according to Demirjian (M=-0.08y SD= 1.27y) as well as the London Atlas (M=0.34y SD=1.09y) and can be applied to the German population. KW - Altersbestimmung KW - dentale Altersbestimmung KW - dental age estimation Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-215362 ER - TY - THES A1 - Martin [geb. Ziegler], Eva Dorothea T1 - Komorbiditäten bei Patienten mit Bullösem Pemphigoid T1 - Comorbidities among patients with bullous pemphigoid N2 - Das Bullöse Pemphigoid (BP) ist eine blasenbildende Autoimmunerkrankung der Haut, die durch subepidermale Blasenbildung und Antikörper (AK) gegen bestimmte hemidesmosomale Proteine der Basalmembran (BM) charakterisiert ist. Zielantigene sind BP180 und BP230. Im Fokus dieser Arbeit stand die retrospektive Identifikation und Datenerhebung von Patienten mit BP, die in der Dermatologie der Uniklinik Würzburg behandelt wurden. Zudem wurde eine Kontrollgruppe aus Patienten mit Basalzellkarzinom etabliert. Es konnten (hoch-)signifikante Assoziationen zwischen dem BP und verschiedenen Laborparametern (u.a. Leukozytose, Eosinophilie, Thrombozytose, Anämie, Kreatinin erhöht) sowie Erkrankungen (u.a. neurologische Erkrankungen (Schlaganfall, Demenz, MP, MS und Epilepsie) sowie psychiatrischen Erkrankungen (HOPS, Depression) und Diabetes mellitus) nachgewiesen werden. N2 - Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin, which is characterized in subepidermal blistering and antibodies against certain hemidesmosomal proteins of the basement membrane. Target antigens are BP180 and 230. The aim of the study was the retrospective identification and data collecting of patients with bullous pemphigoid, which was treated in dermatology of University Hospital of Würzburg. Moreover, a controll group of patients with basal cell carcinoid was established. (High-)significant assoziations between BP and different laboratory parameters (such as leukozytosis, eosinophilia, thrombozytosis, anemia, increased creatinine)as comorbidities (such as neurological disorders (stroke, dementia, parkinson`s disease, multiple sclerosis and epilepsia) and psychiatric diseases (HOPS, depression) and diabetes) could be proved. KW - Bullöses Pemphigoid KW - Assoziationen KW - blasenbildende Autoimmunerkrankung Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-241595 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drechsler, Christiane A1 - Ritz, Eberhard A1 - Tomaschitz, Andreas A1 - Pilz, Stefan A1 - Schönfeld, Stephan A1 - Blouin, Katja A1 - Bidlingmaier, Martin A1 - Hammer, Fabian A1 - Krane, Vera A1 - März, Winfried A1 - Allolio, Bruno A1 - Fassnacht, Martin A1 - Wanner, Christoph T1 - Aldosterone and cortisol affect the risk of sudden cardiac death in haemodialysis patients JF - European Heart Journal N2 - Background: Sudden cardiac death is common and accounts largely for the excess mortality of patients on maintenance dialysis. It is unknown whether aldosterone and cortisol increase the incidence of sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients. Methods and results: We analysed data from 1255 diabetic haemodialysis patients participating in the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study (4D Study). Categories of aldosterone and cortisol were determined at baseline and patients were followed for a median of 4 years. By Cox regression analyses, hazard ratios (HRs) were determined for the effect of aldosterone, cortisol, and their combination on sudden death and other adjudicated cardiovascular outcomes. The mean age of the patients was 66 ± 8 years (54% male). Median aldosterone was <15 pg/mL (detection limit) and cortisol 16.8 µg/dL. Patients with aldosterone levels >200 pg/mL had a significantly higher risk of sudden death (HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.06–2.69) compared with those with an aldosterone <15 pg/mL. The combined presence of high aldosterone (>200 pg/mL) and high cortisol (>21.1 µg/dL) levels increased the risk of sudden death in striking contrast to patients with low aldosterone (<15 pg/mL) and low cortisol (<13.2 µg/dL) levels (HR: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.32–6.21). Furthermore, all-cause mortality was significantly increased in the patients with high levels of both hormones (HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.01–2.62). Conclusions: The joint presence of high aldosterone and high cortisol levels is strongly associated with sudden cardiac death as well as all-cause mortality in haemodialysed type 2 diabetic patients. Whether a blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor decreases the risk of sudden death in these patients must be examined in future trials. KW - mortality KW - kidney disease KW - cardiovascular events KW - sudden cardiac death KW - cortisol KW - aldosterone Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132562 VL - 34 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marenholz, Ingo A1 - Esparza-Gordillo, Jorge A1 - Rüschendorf, Franz A1 - Bauerfeind, Anja A1 - Strachan, David P. A1 - Spycher, Ben D. A1 - Baurecht, Hansjörg A1 - Magaritte-Jeannin, Patricia A1 - Sääf, Annika A1 - Kerkhof, Marjan A1 - Ege, Markus A1 - Baltic, Svetlana A1 - Matheson, Melanie C. A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Ang, Wei Q. A1 - McArdle, Wendy A1 - Arnold, Andreas A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Demenais, Florence A1 - Bouzigon, Emmanuelle A1 - Söderhäll, Cilla A1 - Pershagen, Göran A1 - de Jongste, Johan C. A1 - Postma, Dirkje S. A1 - Braun-Fahrländer, Charlotte A1 - Horak, Elisabeth A1 - Ogorodova, Ludmila M. A1 - Puzyrev, Valery P. A1 - Bragina, Elena Yu A1 - Hudson, Thomas J. A1 - Morin, Charles A1 - Duffy, David L. A1 - Marks, Guy B. A1 - Robertson, Colin F. A1 - Montgomery, Grant W. A1 - Musk, Bill A1 - Thompson, Philip J. A1 - Martin, Nicholas G. A1 - James, Alan A1 - Sleiman, Patrick A1 - Toskala, Elina A1 - Rodriguez, Elke A1 - Fölster-Holst, Regina A1 - Franke, Andre A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Heinzmann, Andrea A1 - Rietschel, Ernst A1 - Keil, Thomas A1 - Cichon, Sven A1 - Nöthen, Markus M. A1 - Pennel, Craig E. A1 - Sly, Peter D. A1 - Schmidt, Carsten O. A1 - Matanovic, Anja A1 - Schneider, Valentin A1 - Heinig, Matthias A1 - Hübner, Norbert A1 - Holt, Patrick G. A1 - Lau, Susanne A1 - Kabesch, Michael A1 - Weidinger, Stefan A1 - Hakonarson, Hakon A1 - Ferreira, Manuel A. R. A1 - Laprise, Catherine A1 - Freidin, Maxim B. A1 - Genuneit, Jon A1 - Koppelman, Gerard H. A1 - Melén, Erik A1 - Dizier, Marie-Hélène A1 - Henderson, A. John A1 - Lee, Young Ae T1 - Meta-analysis identifies seven susceptibility loci involved in the atopic march JF - Nature Communications N2 - Eczema often precedes the development of asthma in a disease course called the 'atopic march'. To unravel the genes underlying this characteristic pattern of allergic disease, we conduct a multi-stage genome-wide association study on infantile eczema followed by childhood asthma in 12 populations including 2,428 cases and 17,034 controls. Here we report two novel loci specific for the combined eczema plus asthma phenotype, which are associated with allergic disease for the first time; rs9357733 located in EFHC1 on chromosome 6p12.3 (OR 1.27; P = 2.1 x 10(-8)) and rs993226 between TMTC2 and SLC6A15 on chromosome 12q21.3 (OR 1.58; P = 5.3 x 10(-9)). Additional susceptibility loci identified at genome-wide significance are FLG (1q21.3), IL4/KIF3A (5q31.1), AP5B1/OVOL1 (11q13.1), C11orf30/LRRC32 (11q13.5) and IKZF3 (17q21). We show that predominantly eczema loci increase the risk for the atopic march. Our findings suggest that eczema may play an important role in the development of asthma after eczema. KW - chromosome 11Q13 KW - risk KW - genomewide association KW - hay fever KW - birth cohort KW - filaggrin mutations KW - food allergy KW - juvenile myoclonic epilepsy KW - childhood asthma KW - dermatitis Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-139835 VL - 6 IS - 8804 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haeusler, Karl Georg A1 - Herm, Juliane A1 - Kunze, Claudia A1 - Krüll, Matthias A1 - Brechtel, Lars A1 - Lock, Jürgen A1 - Hohenhaus, Marc A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Fiebach, Jochen B. A1 - Haverkamp, Wilhelm A1 - Endres, Matthias A1 - Jungehulsing, Gerhard Jan T1 - Rate of cardiac arrhythmias and silent brain lesions in experienced marathon runners: rationale, design and baseline data of the Berlin Beat of Running study JF - BMC Cardiovascular Disorders N2 - Background: Regular exercise is beneficial for cardiovascular health but a recent meta-analysis indicated a relationship between extensive endurance sport and a higher risk of atrial fibrillation, an independent risk factor for stroke. However, data on the frequency of cardiac arrhythmias or (clinically silent) brain lesions during and after marathon running are missing. Methods/Design: In the prospective observational "Berlin Beat of Running" study experienced endurance athletes underwent clinical examination (CE), 3 Tesla brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), carotid ultrasound imaging (CUI) and serial blood sampling (BS) within 2-3 days prior (CE, MRI, CUI, BS), directly after (CE, BS) and within 2 days after (CE, MRI, BS) the 38\(^{th}\) BMW BERLIN-MARATHON 2011. All participants wore a portable electrocardiogram (ECG)-recorder throughout the 4 to 5 days baseline study period. Participants with pathological MRI findings after the marathon, troponin elevations or detected cardiac arrhythmias will be asked to undergo cardiac MRI to rule out structural abnormalities. A follow-up is scheduled after one year. Results: Here we report the baseline data of the enrolled 110 athletes aged 36-61 years. Their mean age was 48.8 \(\pm\) 6.0 years, 24.5% were female, 8.2% had hypertension and 2.7% had hyperlipidaemia. Participants have attended a mean of 7.5 \(\pm\) 6.6 marathon races within the last 5 years and a mean of 16 \(\pm\) 36 marathon races in total. Their weekly running distance prior to the 38\(^{th}\) BMW BERLIN-MARATHON was 65 \(\pm\) 17 km. Finally, 108 (98.2%) Berlin Beat-Study participants successfully completed the 38\(^{th}\) BMW BERLIN-MARATHON 2011. Discussion: Findings from the "Berlin Beats of Running" study will help to balance the benefits and risks of extensive endurance sport. ECG-recording during the marathon might contribute to identify athletes at risk for cardiovascular events. MRI results will give new insights into the link between physical stress and brain damage. KW - marathon running KW - cardiac arrhythmia KW - atrial fibrillation KW - physical activity KW - cardiovascular events KW - carotid artery KW - risk factor KW - stroke KW - exercise KW - death KW - metaanalysis KW - mechanisms KW - ECG-recording KW - magnetic resonance imaging KW - blood sampling Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-133677 VL - 12 IS - 69 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drechsler, Christiane A1 - Schmiedeke, Benjamin A1 - Niemann, Markus A1 - Schmiedeke, Daniel A1 - Krämer, Johannes A1 - Turkin, Irina A1 - Blouin, Katja A1 - Emmert, Andrea A1 - Pilz, Stefan A1 - Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara A1 - Wiedemann, Frank A1 - Breunig, Frank A1 - Wanner, Christoph T1 - Potential role of vitamin D deficiency on Fabry cardiomyopathy JF - Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease N2 - Patients with Fabry disease frequently develop left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and renal fibrosis. Due to heat intolerance and an inability to sweat, patients tend to avoid exposure to sunlight. We hypothesized that subsequent vitamin D deficiency may contribute to Fabry cardiomyopathy. This study investigated the vitamin D status and its association with LV mass and adverse clinical symptoms in patients with Fabry disease. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) was measured in 111 patients who were genetically proven to have Fabry disease. LV mass and cardiomyopathy were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. In cross-sectional analyses, associations with adverse clinical outcomes were determined by linear and binary logistic regression analyses, respectively, and were adjusted for age, sex, BMI and season. Patients had a mean age of 40 ± 13 years (42 % males), and a mean 25(OH)D of 23.5 ± 11.4 ng/ml. Those with overt vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D ≤ 15 ng/ml) had an adjusted six fold higher risk of cardiomyopathy, compared to those with sufficient 25(OH)D levels >30 ng/ml (p = 0.04). The mean LV mass was distinctively different with 170 ± 75 g in deficient, 154 ± 60 g in moderately deficient and 128 ± 58 g in vitamin D sufficient patients (p = 0.01). With increasing severity of vitamin D deficiency, the median levels of proteinuria increased, as well as the prevalences of depression, edema, cornea verticillata and the need for medical pain therapy. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was strongly associated with cardiomyopathy and adverse clinical symptoms in patients with Fabry disease. Whether vitamin D supplementation improves complications of Fabry disease, requires a randomized controlled trial. KW - Fabry patient KW - urinary protein excretion KW - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy KW - renal fibrosis KW - left ventricular mass KW - LV mass KW - diabetic mouse KW - septal hypertrophy KW - Fabry nephropathy KW - cardiac hypertrophy KW - cornea verticillata KW - enzyme replacement therapy Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132102 VL - 37 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neugebauer, Hermann A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Jüttler, Eric T1 - DEcompressive Surgery for the Treatment of malignant INfarction of the middle cerebral arterY - Registry (DESTINY-R): design and protocols JF - BMC Neurology N2 - Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the treatment of severe space-occupying infarction of the middle cerebral artery (malignant MCA infarction) showed that early decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) is life saving and improves outcome without promoting most severe disablity in patients aged 18-60 years. It is, however, unknown whether the results obtained in the randomized trials are reproducible in a broader population in and apart from an academical setting and whether hemicraniectomy has been implemented in clinical practice as recommended by national and international guidelines. In addition, they were not powered to answer further relevant questions, e. g. concerning the selection of patients eligible for and the timing of hemicraniectomy. Other important issues such as the acceptance of disability following hemicraniectomy, the existence of specific prognostic factors, the value of conservative therapeutic measures, and the overall complication rate related to hemicraniectomy have not been sufficiently studied yet. Methods/Design: DESTINY-R is a prospective, multicenter, open, controlled registry including a 12 months follow-up. The only inclusion criteria is unilateral ischemic MCA stroke affecting more than 50% of the MCA-territory. The primary study hypothesis is to confirm the results of the RCT (76% mRS <= 4 after 12 months) in the subgroup of patients additionally fulfilling the inclusion cirteria of the RCT in daily routine. Assuming a calculated proportion of 0.76 for successes and a sample size of 300 for this subgroup, the width of the 95% CI, calculated using Wilson's method, will be 0.096 with the lower bound 0.709 and the upper bound 0.805. Discussion: The results of this study will provide information about the effectiveness of DHC in malignant MCA infarction in a broad population and a real-life situation in addition to and beyond RCT. Further prospectively obtained data will give crucial information on open questions and will be helpful in the plannig of upcomming treatment studies. KW - registry KW - quality of life KW - territory infaction KW - brain edema KW - hemicraniectomy KW - multicenter KW - crantiectomy KW - predictors KW - stroke KW - trial KW - decompressive surgery KW - ischaemic stroke KW - malignant MCA infarct Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-133892 VL - 12 IS - 115 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prugger, Christof A1 - Heidrich, Jan A1 - Wellmann, Jürgen A1 - Dittrich, Ralf A1 - Brand, Stefan-Martin A1 - Telgmann, Ralph A1 - Breithardt, Günter A1 - Reinecke, Holger A1 - Scheld, Hans A1 - Kleine-Katthöfer, Peter A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Keil, Ulrich T1 - Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease : Results From the EUROASPIRE I, II, and III Surveys in the Münster Region JF - Deutsches Ärzteblatt International N2 - Background: Target values for cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are stated in guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. We studied secular trends in risk factors over a 12-year period among CHD patients in the region of Munster, Germany. Methods: The cross-sectional EUROASPIRE I, II and III surveys were performed in multiple centers across Europe. For all three, the Munster region was the participating German region. In the three periods 1995/96, 1999/2000, and 2006/07, the surveys included (respectively) 392, 402 and 457 <= 70-year-old patients with CHD in Munster who had sustained a coronary event at least 6 months earlier. Results: The prevalence of smoking remained unchanged, with 16.8% in EUROASPIRE I and II and 18.4% in EUROASPIRE III (p=0.898). On the other hand, high blood pressure and high cholesterol both became less common across the three EUROASPIRE studies (60.7% to 69.4% to 55.3%, and 94.3% to 83.4% to 48.1%, respectively; p<0.001 for both). Obesity became more common (23.0% to 30.6% to 43.1%, p<0.001), as did treatment with antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs (80.4% to 88.6% to 94.3%, and 35.0% to 67.4% to 87.0%, respectively; p<0.001 for both). Conclusion: The observed trends in cardiovascular risk factors under-score the vital need for better preventive strategies in patients with CHD. KW - smoking-cessation KW - follow up KW - primary-care physicians KW - myocardial infarction KW - secondary prevention KW - clinical practice KW - European countries KW - drug therapies KW - life style KW - task force Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2012.0303 VL - 109 IS - 17 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leistner, Stefanie A1 - Benik, Steffen A1 - Laumeier, Inga A1 - Ziegler, Annerose A1 - Nieweler, Gabriele A1 - Nolte, Christian H. A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Audebert, Heinrich J. T1 - Secondary Prevention after Minor Stroke and TIA - Usual Care and Development of a Support Program JF - PLoS One N2 - Background: Effective methods of secondary prevention after stroke or TIA are available but adherence to recommended evidence-based treatments is often poor. The study aimed to determine the quality of secondary prevention in usual care and to develop a stepwise modeled support program. Methods: Two consecutive cohorts of patients with acute minor stroke or TIA undergoing usual outpatient care versus a secondary prevention program were compared. Risk factor control and medication adherence were assessed in 6-month follow-ups (6M-FU). Usual care consisted of detailed information concerning vascular risk factor targets given at discharge and regular outpatient care by primary care physicians. The stepwise modeled support program additionally employed up to four outpatient appointments. A combination of educational and behavioral strategies was employed. Results: 168 patients in the observational cohort who stated their openness to participate in a prevention program (mean age 64.7 y, admission blood pressure (BP): 155/84 mmHg) and 173 patients participating in the support program (mean age 67.6 y, BP: 161/84 mmHg) were assessed at 6 months. Proportions of patients with BP according to guidelines were 50% in usual-care and 77% in the support program (p<0.01). LDL<100 mg/dl was measured in 62 versus 71% (p = 0.12). Proportions of patients who stopped smoking were 50 versus 79% (p<0.01). 72 versus 89% of patients with atrial fibrillation were on oral anticoagulation (p = 0.09). Conclusions: Risk factor control remains unsatisfactory in usual care. Targets of secondary prevention were met more often within the supported cohort. Effects on (cerebro-)vascular recurrence rates are going to be assessed in a multicenter randomized trial. KW - atherothrombosis KW - multifactorial KW - clinical trial KW - hypertension KW - disease KW - transient ischemic attack KW - randomized controlled trial KW - cardiovascular risk factors KW - blood pressure KW - event rates Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-135247 VL - 7 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ocak, Gurbey A1 - Drechsler, Christiane A1 - Vossen, Carla Y. A1 - Vos, Hans L. A1 - Rosendaal, Frits R. A1 - Reitsma, Pieter H. A1 - Hoffmann, Michael M. A1 - März, Winfried A1 - Ouwehand, Willem H. A1 - Krediet, Raymond T. A1 - Boeschoten, Elisabeth W. A1 - Dekker, Frido W. A1 - Wanner, Christoph A1 - Verduijn, Marion T1 - Single Nucleotide Variants in the Protein C Pathway and Mortality in Dialysis Patients JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Background: The protein C pathway plays an important role in the maintenance of endothelial barrier function and in the inflammatory and coagulant processes that are characteristic of patients on dialysis. We investigated whether common single nucleotide variants (SNV) in genes encoding protein C pathway components were associated with all-cause 5 years mortality risk in dialysis patients. Methods: Single nucleotides variants in the factor V gene (F5 rs6025; factor V Leiden), the thrombomodulin gene (THBD rs1042580), the protein C gene (PROC rs1799808 and 1799809) and the endothelial protein C receptor gene (PROCR rs867186, rs2069951, and rs2069952) were genotyped in 1070 dialysis patients from the NEtherlands COoperative Study on the Adequacy of Dialysis (NECOSAD) cohort) and in 1243 dialysis patients from the German 4D cohort. Results: Factor V Leiden was associated with a 1.5-fold (95% CI 1.1-1.9) increased 5-year all-cause mortality risk and carriers of the AG/GG genotypes of the PROC rs1799809 had a 1.2-fold (95% CI 1.0-1.4) increased 5-year all-cause mortality risk. The other SNVs in THBD, PROC, and PROCR were not associated with 5-years mortality. Conclusion: Our study suggests that factor V Leiden and PROC rs1799809 contributes to an increased mortality risk in dialysis patients. KW - human brian endothelium KW - factor-V-Leiden KW - venous thrombosis KW - activated receptor-1 KW - vascular access KW - severe sepsis KW - gene polymorphism KW - organ dysfunktion KW - ischemic stroke KW - renal disease Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-116265 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lückerath, Katharina A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Malzahn, Uwe A1 - Samnick, Samuel A1 - Einsele, Herrmann A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Herrmann, Ken A1 - Knop, Stefan T1 - 18FDG-PET/CT for prognostic stratification of patients with multiple myeloma relapse after stem cell transplantation N2 - The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in 37 patients with a history of multiple myeloma (MM) and suspected or confirmed recurrence after stem cell transplantation (SCT). All patients had been heavily pre-treated. Time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were correlated to a number of different PET-derived as well as clinical parameters. Impact on patient management was assessed. Absence of FDG-avid MM foci was a positive prognostic factor for both TTP and OS (p<0.01). Presence of >10 focal lesions correlated with both TTP (p<0.01) and OS (p<0.05). Interestingly, presence of >10 lesions in the appendicular skeleton proved to have the strongest association with disease progression. Intensity of glucose uptake and presence of extramedullary disease were associated with shorter TTP (p=0.037 and p=0.049, respectively). Manifestations in soft tissue structures turned out to be a strong negative predictor for both, TTP and OS (p<0.01, respectively). PET resulted in a change of management in 30% of patients. Our data underline the prognostic value of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in MM patients also in the setting of post-SCT relapse. PET/CT has a significant impact on patient management. KW - 18FDG-PET/CT KW - Multiple myeloma KW - molecular imaging KW - FDG-PET/CT Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-113107 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Hillmann, Steffi A1 - Busse, Otto A1 - Wiethoelter, Horst A1 - Walter, Georg M. A1 - Seidel, Guenter A1 - Misselwitz, Bjoern A1 - Janssen, Alfred A1 - Berger, Klaus A1 - Burmeister, Christoph A1 - Matthias, Christine A1 - Kolominsky-Rabas, Peter A1 - Hermanek, Peter T1 - The Quality of Acute Stroke Care-an Analysis of Evidence-Based Indicators in 260 000 Patients JF - Deutsches Ärzteblatt International N2 - Background: Stroke patients should be cared for in accordance with evidence-based guidelines. The extent of implementation of guidelines for the acute care of stroke patients in Germany has been unclear to date. Methods: The regional quality assurance projects that cooperate in the framework of the German Stroke Registers Study Group (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Schlaganfall-Register, ADSR) collected data on the care of stroke patients in 627 hospitals in 2012. The quality of the acute hospital care of patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) was assessed on the basis of 15 standardized, evidence-based quality indicators and compared across the nine participating regional quality assurance projects. Results: Data were obtained on more than 260 000 patients nationwide. Intravenous thrombolysis was performed in 59.7% of eligible ischemic stroke patients patients (range among participating projects, 49.7-63.6%). Dysphagia screening was documented in 86.2% (range, 74.8-93.1%). For the following indicators, the defined targets were not reached for all of Germany: antiaggregation within 48 hours, 93.4% (range, 86.6-96.4%); anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation, 77.6% (range, 72.4-80.1%); standardized dysphagia screening, 86.2% (range, 74.8-93.1%); oral and written information of the patients or their relatives, 86.1% (range, 75.4-91.5%). The rate of patients examined or treated by a speech therapist was in the target range. Conclusion: The defined targets were reached for most of the quality indicators. Some indicators, however, varied widely across regional quality assurance projects. This implies that the standardization of care for stroke patients in Germany has not yet been fully achieved. KW - Hesse KW - study-group ADSR KW - ischemic-stroke KW - Germany KW - implementation KW - rehabilitation Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114747 SN - 1866-0452 VL - 111 IS - 45 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grabenhenrich, Linus B. A1 - Reich, Andreas A1 - Fischer, Felix A1 - Zepp, Fred A1 - Forster, Johannes A1 - Schuster, Antje A1 - Bauer, Carl-Peter A1 - Bergmann, Renate L. A1 - Bergmann, Karl E. A1 - Wahn, Ulrich A1 - Keil, Thomas A1 - Lau, Susanne T1 - The Novel 10-Item Asthma Prediction Tool: External Validation in the German MAS Birth Cohort JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Background: A novel non-invasive asthma prediction tool from the Leicester Cohort, UK, forecasts asthma at age 8 years based on 10 predictors assessed in early childhood, including current respiratory symptoms, eczema, and parental history of asthma. Objective: We aimed to externally validate the proposed asthma prediction method in a German birth cohort. Methods: The MAS-90 study (Multicentre Allergy Study) recorded details on allergic diseases prospectively in about yearly follow-up assessments up to age 20 years in a cohort of 1,314 children born 1990. We replicated the scoring method from the Leicester cohort and assessed prediction, performance and discrimination. The primary outcome was defined as the combination of parent-reported wheeze and asthma drugs (both in last 12 months) at age 8. Sensitivity analyses assessed model performance for outcomes related to asthma up to age 20 years. Results: For 140 children parents reported current wheeze or cough at age 3 years. Score distribution and frequencies of later asthma resembled the Leicester cohort: 9% vs. 16% (MAS-90 vs. Leicester) of children at low risk at 3 years had asthma at 8 years, at medium risk 45% vs. 48%. Performance of the asthma prediction tool in the MAS-90 cohort was similar (Brier score 0.22 vs. 0.23) and discrimination slightly better than in the original cohort (area under the curve, AUC 0.83 vs. 0.78). Prediction and discrimination were robust against changes of inclusion criteria, scoring and outcome definitions. The secondary outcome 'physicians' diagnosed asthma at 20 years' showed the highest discrimination (AUC 0.89). Conclusion: The novel asthma prediction tool from the Leicester cohort, UK, performed well in another population, a German birth cohort, supporting its use and further development as a simple aid to predict asthma risk in clinical settings. KW - disease KW - models KW - symptoms KW - risk KW - early-life KW - young children KW - preschool children KW - sample KW - wheeze KW - age Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114202 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buder, Kristina A1 - Gesierich, Anja A1 - Gelbrich, Götz A1 - Goebeler, Matthias T1 - Systemic treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma: review of literature and future perspectives JF - Cancer Medicine N2 - Up to 50% of patients with uveal melanoma develop metastatic disease with poor prognosis. Regional, mainly liver-directed, therapies may induce limited tumor responses but do not improve overall survival. Response rates of metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) to systemic chemotherapy are poor. Insights into the molecular biology of MUM recently led to investigation of new drugs. In this study, to compare response rates of systemic treatment for MUM we searched Pubmed/Web of Knowledge databases and ASCO website (1980–2013) for “metastatic/uveal/melanoma” and “melanoma/eye.” Forty studies (one case series, three phase I, five pilot, 22 nonrandomized, and two randomized phase II, one randomized phase III study, data of three expanded access programs, three retrospective studies) with 841 evaluable patients were included in the numeric outcome analysis. Complete or partial remissions were observed in 39/841 patients (overall response rate [ORR] 4.6%; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 3.3–6.3%), no responses were observed in 22/40 studies. Progression-free survival ranged from 1.8 to 7.2, median overall survival from 5.2 to 19.0 months as reported in 21/40 and 26/40 studies, respectively. Best responses were seen for chemoimmunotherapy (ORR 10.3%; 95% CI 4.8–18.7%) though mainly in first-line patients. Immunotherapy with ipilimumab, antiangiogenetic approaches, and kinase inhibitors have not yet proven to be superior to chemotherapy. MEK inhibitors are currently investigated in a phase II trial with promising preliminary data. Despite new insights into genetic and molecular background of MUM, satisfying systemic treatment approaches are currently lacking. Study results of innovative treatment strategies are urgently awaited. KW - Clinical trials KW - drug therapy KW - metastatic KW - review KW - uveal melanoma Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-97175 VL - 2 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph A1 - Göbel, Kerstin A1 - Meuth, Sven G. A1 - Kraft, Peter T1 - Glatiramer acetate does not protect from acute ischemic stroke in mice N2 - Background The role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke is increasingly recognized. However, targeted treatment strategies to modulate immunological pathways in stroke are still lacking. Glatiramer acetate is a multifaceted immunomodulator approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Experimental studies suggest that glatiramer acetate might also work in other neuroinflammatory or neurodegenerative diseases apart from multiple sclerosis. Findings We evaluated the efficacy of glatiramer acetate in a mouse model of brain ischemia/reperfusion injury. 60 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in male C57Bl/6 mice. Pretreatment with glatiramer acetate (3.5 mg/kg bodyweight) 30 min before the induction of stroke did not reduce lesion volumes or improve functional outcome on day 1. Conclusions Glatiramer acetate failed to protect from acute ischemic stroke in our hands. Further studies are needed to assess the true therapeutic potential of glatiramer acetate and related immunomodulators in brain ischemia. KW - Glatiramer acetate KW - Stroke KW - Inflammation KW - Neurodegeneration Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-110528 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oezkur, Mehmet A1 - Gorski, Armin A1 - Peltz, Jennifer A1 - Wagner, Martin A1 - Lazariotou, Maria A1 - Schimmer, Christoph A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. A1 - Leyh, Rainer G. T1 - Preoperative serum h-FABP concentration is associated with postoperative incidence of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery N2 - Background Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is an intracellular transport protein associated with myocardial damage size in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Furthermore, elevated FABP serum concentrations are related to a number of common comorbidities, such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, which represent important risk factors for postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). Data are lacking on the association between preoperative FABP serum level and postoperative incidence of AKI. Methods This prospective cohort study investigated the association between preoperative h-FABP serum concentrations and postoperative incidence of AKI, hospitalization time and length of ICU treatment. Blood samples were collected according to a predefined schedule. The AKI Network definition of AKI was used as primary endpoint. All associations were analysed using descriptive and univariate analyses. Results Between 05/2009 and 09/2009, 70 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were investigated. AKI was observed in 45 patients (64%). Preoperative median (IQR) h-FABP differed between the AKI group (2.9 [1.7–4.1] ng/ml) and patients without AKI (1.7 [1.1–3.3] ng/ml; p = 0.04), respectively. Patients with AKI were significantly older. No statistically significant differences were found for gender, type of surgery, operation duration, CPB-, or X-Clamp time, preoperative cardiac enzymes, HbA1c, or CRP between the two groups. Preoperative h-FABP was also correlated with the length of ICU stay (rs = 0.32, p = 0.007). Conclusions We found a correlation between preoperative serum h-FABP and the postoperative incidence of AKI. Our results suggest a potential role for h-FABP as a biomarker for AKI in cardiac surgery. KW - Herzthoraxchirurgie Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-110480 ER - TY - THES A1 - Rücker, Viktoria T1 - Time trends and determinants of stroke mortality in Germany T1 - Zeitliche Trends und Einflussfaktoren auf die Schlaganfall-Sterblichkeit in Deutschland N2 - In several countries, a decline in mortality, case-fatality and recurrence rates of stroke was observed. However, studies investigating sex-specific and subtype-specific (pathological and etiological) time trends in stroke mortality, case-fatality and recurrence rates are scarce, especially in Germany. The decline in ischemic stroke mortality and case-fatality might be associated with the high quality of acute care of ischemic stroke, but the exact determinants of early outcome remains unknown for Germany. Therefore, as first step of this thesis, we investigated the time trends of subtype- and sex-specific age- standardized stroke mortality rates in Germany from 1998 to 2015, by applying joinpoint regression on official causes of death statistics, provided by the Federal Statistical Office. Furthermore, a regional comparison of the time trends in stroke mortality between East and West was conducted. In the second step, time trends in case-fatality and stroke recurrence rates were analyzed using data from a population- based stroke register in Germany between 1996 and 2015. The analysis was stratified by sex and etiological subtype of ischemic stroke. In the third step, quality of stroke care and the association between adherence to measures of quality of acute ischemic stroke care and in-hospital mortality was estimated based on data from nine regional hospital-based stroke registers in Germany from the years 2015 and 2016. We showed that in Germany, age-standardized stroke mortality declined by over 50% from 1998 to 2015 both, in women and men. Stratified by the pathological subtypes of stroke, the decrease in mortality was larger in ischemic stroke compared to hemorrhagic stroke. Different patterns in the time trends of stroke were observed for stroke subtypes, regions in Germany (former Eastern part of Germany (EG), former Western part of Germany (WG)) and sex, but in all strata a decline was found. By applying joinpoint regression, the number of changes in time trend differed between the regions and up to three changes in the trend in ischemic stroke mortality were detected. Trends in hemorrhagic stroke were in parallel between the regions with up to one change (in women) in joinpoint regression. Comparing the regions, stroke mortality was higher in EG compared to WG throughout the whole observed time period, however the differences between the regions started to diminish from 2007 onwards. Further it was found that, based on the population-based Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro), case-fatality and recurrence rates in ischemic stroke patients are still high in Germany. 46% died and 20% got a recurrent stroke within the first five years after stroke. Case-fatality rates declined statistically significant from 1996 to 2015 across all ischemic stroke patients and all etiological subtypes of ischemic stroke. Based on Cox regression no statistically significant decrease in stroke recurrence was observed. Based on the pooled data of nine regional hospital-based stroke registers from the years 2015 and 2016 covering about 80% of all hospitalized stroke patients in Germany, a high quality of care of acute ischemic stroke patients, measured via 11 evidence-based quality indicators (QI) of process of care, was observed. Across all registers, most QI reached the predefined target values for good quality of stroke care. 9 out of 11 QI showed a significant association with 7-day in-hospital mortality. An inverse linear association between overall adherence to QI and 7-day in-hospital mortality was observed. In conclusion, stroke mortality and case-fatality showed a favorable development over time in Germany, which might partly be due to improvements in acute treatment. This is supported by the association between overall adherence to quality of care and in-hospital mortality. However, there might be room for improvements in long-term secondary prevention, as no clear reduction in recurrence rates was observed. N2 - Ein Rückgang der Mortalität-, Letalität- und Rezidivraten nach einem Schlaganfall konnte in einigen Ländern in den letzten Jahren beobachtet werden. Es gibt, insbesondere für Deutschland, jedoch nur wenige Daten, die diese zeitlichen Trends stratifiziert nach Geschlecht und Schlaganfallsubtyp (pathologischer und ätiologischer Subtyp) ausgewertet haben. Der Rückgang der Mortalität und Letalität nach ischämischem Schlaganfall könnte mit der beobachteten hohen Qualität der Versorgung des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalls zusammenhängen, jedoch sind für Deutschland die genauen Determinanten der frühen Sterblichkeit nach Schlaganfall noch unbekannt. Aus diesem Grunde wurden in der vorliegenden Dissertation, im ersten Schritt zeitliche Trends von 1998 bis 2015 der altersstandardisierten und nach Subtyp und Geschlecht stratifizierten Mortalitätsraten untersucht. Dazu wurden die vom Statistischen Bundesamtes bereitgestellten Daten zur Todesursachenstatistik mittels Joinpoint Regression ausgewertet. Zusätzlich wurde ein regionaler Vergleich der zeitlichen Trends in der Schlaganfallmortalität zwischen der östlichen und westlichen Region von Deutschland durchgeführt. Im zweiten Schritt, wurde basierend auf einem deutschem bevölkerungsbasierten Schlaganfallregister mittels Cox Regression die zeitlichen Trends der Letalitätsraten und Rezidivraten des ischämischen Schlaganfalls zwischen 1996 und 2015 geschätzt. Die Analyse wurde stratifiziert nach Geschlecht und ätiologischem Subtyp des ischämischen Schlaganfalls. Im dritten Schritt wurde, basierend auf Daten von neun regionalen krankenhausbasierten Schlaganfallregistern der Jahre 2015 und 2016, die Qualität der Behandlung des akuten ischämischen gemessen und ein möglicher Zusammenhang zwischen dem Grad der Erfüllung von evidenzbasierten Qualitätsindikatoren und der Krankenhaussterblichkeit untersucht. Wir konnten zeigen, dass von 1998 bis 2015 die altersstandardisierten Schlaganfall Mortalitätsraten über 50%, sowohl bei Männern als auch bei Frauen, abgenommen haben. Stratifiziert nach pathologischem Schlaganfallsubtyp zeigte sich ein stärkerer Rückgang in den Mortalitätsraten nach ischämischem Schlaganfall als in der Mortalitätsrate nach hämorrhagischem Schlaganfall. In allen Strata sind die Mortalitätsraten gesunken, jedoch unterschieden sich die zeitlichen Verläufe zwischen den Strata (Geschlecht, Region). Die mittels Joinpoint Regression geschätzten Anzahlen an Änderungen im zeitlichen Trend der ischämischen Schlaganfall Mortalitätsraten variierten zwischen 0 und maximal 3 Änderungen, zwischen den Regionen und Geschlechtern. Die zeitlichen Trends der Mortalitätsraten nach hämorrhagischem Schlaganfall der beiden Regionen verliefen hingegen parallel zueinander und es zeigte sich nur bei Frauen eine Änderung in der Mortalitätsrate nach der Joinpoint Regression. Die Schlaganfall Mortalitätsraten im östlichen Teil von Deutschland waren über die gesamte Zeit hinweg höher als im westlichen Teil von Deutschland, jedoch glichen sich die Raten ab 2007 immer mehr einander an und es zeigte sich nur noch ein geringer Unterschied in 2015. Die altersadjustierten Letalitätsraten und Rezidivraten nach ischämischem Schlaganfall waren in Deutschland, basierend auf Daten des bevölkerungsbasierten Erlanger Schlaganfall Registers, relativ hoch. Innerhalb der ersten fünf Jahre nach einem ischämischen Schlaganfall sterben 46% und 20% aller Patienten bekommen einen erneuten Schlaganfall. Von 1996 bis 2015 haben die Letalitätsraten nach Schlaganfall signifikant abgenommen, dies zeigte sich in allen Subtypen des ischämischen Schlaganfalls. Die Rezidivraten zeigten keinen signifikanten Rückgang. Basierend auf gepoolten Daten aus den Jahren 2015/2016 von neun krankenhausbasierten Schlaganfall Registern in Deutschland, die ca. 80% aller hospitalisierten Schlaganfälle in Deutschland abdecken, ist die, mittels 11 evidenzbasierter Prozessindikatoren gemessene Qualität der Behandlung des ischämischen Schlaganfalls, hoch. In allen Registern lagen die meisten Qualitätsindikatoren über dem vorabdefinierten Referenzwert für eine gute Qualität an Schlaganfallversorgung. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen 7-Tage Krankenhaussterblichkeit und Erfüllung von einzelnen Qualitätsindikatoren, konnte bei 9 von 11 Qualitätsindikatoren gezeigt werden. Zusätzlich zeigte sich ein inverser Zusammenhang zwischen der Gesamteinhaltung von Qualitätsindikatoren und 7-Tage Krankenhaussterblichkeit. Schlaganfall Mortalitätsrate und Letalitätsraten zeigten eine positive Entwicklung in allen Subtypen des Schlaganfalls über die letzten 20 Jahre. Dies könnte mit Verbesserungen in der Behandlung des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalls im Krankenhaus zusammenhängen, da ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Erfüllung von Qualitätsindikatoren und der Krankenhaussterblichkeit besteht. Jedoch besteht möglicherweise noch Verbesserungspotenzial in der langfristigen Sekundärprävention, da in den Rezidivraten kein klarer Rückgang erkennbar war. KW - Schlaganfall KW - Sterblichkeit KW - Rezidiv KW - Letalität KW - Trend KW - Qualitätsindikator Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-233116 ER -