TY - JOUR A1 - Maschwitz, U. A1 - Fiala, Brigitte A1 - Dolling, W. R. T1 - New trophobiotic symbioses of ants with South East Asian bugs N2 - A trophobiotic relationship between two species of phloem-feeding plataspid bugs and an ant, Meranoplus mucronatus, was discovered on tree trunks in Malaysia. Similar relationships were found between coreid bugs and Crematogaster sp. and Anoplolepis longipes, on bamboo in the same area. The ants recruit to groups of the bugs and feed on the liquid, sugar-rich faeces of the larvae, stimulating release of the honeydew by tactile signals. They protect all stages of the bugs from disturbance by biting and by the use of defensive secretions. Phloem-feeding bugs in the families Plataspidae and Coreidae need long sty lets to pierce the thick bark of their host tree. The different methods of accommodating the resting stylets in these two families are described. The plataspids are described as Tropidotylus servus sp. novo and T. minister sp. novo A coreid previously reported in association with M. mucronatus in Malaya is described as Hygia cliens sp. novo The coreids on bamboo were determined as Cloresmus spp. and Notobitus affinis. KW - Ants KW - Coreidae KW - Heteroptera KW - Malaya KW - New Species KW - Plataspidae KW - Trophobiosis Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-34030 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Handman, E. A1 - Mitchell, G. F. A1 - McConville, M. J. A1 - Moll, Heidrun T1 - Towards a carbohydrate-based vaccine against leishmaniasis N2 - No abstract available Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-33827 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reimer, Georg A1 - Rose, Kathleen M. A1 - Scheer, Ulrich A1 - Tan, Eng M. T1 - Autoantibody to RNA polymerase I in scleroderma sera N2 - Autoantibodies to components of the nucleolus are a unique serological feature of patients with scleroderma. There are autoantibodies of several specificities; one type produces a speckled pattern of nucleolar staining in immunofluorescence. In actinomycin D and 5,6-dichloro-{j-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazoletreated Vero cells, staining was restricted to the fibrillar and not the granular regions. By double immunofluorescence, specific rabbit anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies stained the same fibrillar structures in drug-segregated nucleoli as scleroderma sera. Scleroderma sera immunoprecipitated 13 polypeptides from (35S)methionine-labeled HeLa cell extract with molecular weights ranging from 210,000 to 14,000. Similar polypeptides were precipitated by rabbit anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies, and their common identities were confirmed in immunoabsorption experiments. Microinjection of purified IgG from a patient with speckled nucleolar staining effectively inhibited ribosomal RNA transcription. Autoantibodies to RNA polymerase I were restricted to certain patients with scleroderma and were not found in other autoimmune diseases. Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-34294 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fales, Frederick Marion A1 - Tusa, Sebastiano A1 - Wilhelm, Gernot A1 - Zaccagnini, Carlo T1 - German-Italian expedition to Iraq: preliminary report on the first campaign of excavations within the Saddam Dam Reservoir Archaeological Rescue Project (1984) N2 - No abstract available KW - Orientalistik KW - Irak KW - Expedition Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78053 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lohse, Martin J. A1 - Klotz, Karl-Norbert A1 - Schwabe, Ulrich T1 - Functional characterization of A1 adenoosine receptors by photoaffinity labelling N2 - The ligand-binding subunit ofthe A1 adenosine receptor has been identified in membranes with the photoaffinity Iabel R-2-azido-N6-p-hydroxyphenylisopropyladenosine (R-AHPIA). Covalent labelling ofthe A1 receptor can also be achieved in intact cells. The dissociation of the radioiodinated label (1251-AHPIA) from isolated rat fat cells was incomplete after UV irradiation, leaving about 20°/o of irreversible specific binding. Such covalent labelling of the receptor led to a concentration-dependent reduction of cellular cyclic AMP levels. This persistent effect of covalent labeHing occurred with an IC50 value of 9 nM, as compared to an IC50 value of 0.9 nM for the direct reduction of cyclic AMP Ievels by the ligand. The difference in the IC5o values can be explained by assuming spare receptors. This hypothesis was verified in binding studies using [ 3HJPIA as a radioligand. R-AHPIA inhibited binding of [3H)PIA to intact fat cells with a K1 value of about 20 nM, which is about 20 tim es high er than the corresponding IC50 value of cyclic AMP reduction. These data show that the A1 receptor is activated according to the occupancy theory. The high sensitivity of the activation in intact ceJis is due to a large number of spare receptors. KW - Adenosinrezeptor Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86097 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klawitter, Jörg T1 - Umwelt, Mitwelt, Nachwelt im Fokus einer verantworteten Wissenschaft N2 - No abstract available. KW - Umweltschutz Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87040 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Shephard, S. E. A1 - Schlatter, C. A1 - Lutz, Werner K. T1 - Model risk analysis of nitrosatable compounds in the diet as precursors of potential endogenous carcinogens N2 - The potential health risk posed by the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC) from nitrosation of dietary ureas, guanidines, amides, amino acids and amanes (primary, secondary and aromatic) was estimated according to the model: Risk = ( daily intake of precursor] X (gastric concentration of nitrite ]n X [nitrosatability rate constant] X [cilrcinogenicity of derivative]. The daily intakes ofthese compound classes span five orders ofmagnitude (100 g/day amides, top; 1-10 mg/day secondary amines, ureas, bottom); the nitrosation rate constants span seven orders of magnitude (aryl amines, ureas, top; amides, secondary amines, bottom); and the carcinogenicity estimates span a 10 000-fold range from 'very strong' to 'virtually noncarcinogenic'. The resulting risk estimates likewise span an enormous range (nine orders of magnitude ): dietary ureas and aromatic amines combined with high nitrite concentration could pose as great a risk as the intake of preformed N-nitrosodimethylamine in the diet. In contrast, the risk posed by the in-vivo nitrosation of primary and secondary amines is probably negligible. The risk contributed by amides (including protein), guanidines and primary amino acids is intermediate between these two extremes. KW - Risikoanalyse KW - Carcinogen KW - Ernährung Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86188 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Shephard, S. E. A1 - Hegi, M. E. A1 - Lutz, Werner K. T1 - In-vitro assays to detect alkylating and mutagenic activities of dietary components nitrosated in situ N2 - Nitrosation of dietary components has been combined with the 4-(para-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP) colorimetric test for screening alkylating agents and with the Ames test for the detection of mutagenic activity. This allowed the investigation of short-hved nitrosation products of dietary components which generate electrophilic degradation products requiring no metabolic activation (natural amino acids and some derivatives, ureas, guanidines, primary alkyl and aryl amines). In a first system, precursor, nitrous acid and NBP were present simultaneously. All amino acids tested, except glutamic acid and glutamine, gave positive results. The reactivities spanned more than three orders of magnitude, with the aromatic amino acids and methionine the most active; two primary amines, tryptamine and histamine, were also strongly reactive. All guanidines tested, except the amino acid arginine, gave negative results. A second system consisted of two phases: NBP was added only after destruction of residual nitrite and adjustment of the pH to neutrality. This system was useful for the study of ureas, which are stable in acid but not in neutral media. The range of responses covered more than two orders of magnitude. Most amino acids and primary amines also gave positive results, but could be assessed only after analysing the kinetics of the competing reactions and choosing appropriate reaction times. In a third system, Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1OO replaced NBP. Representatives of the class of amino acids, ureas, the primary amine tryptamine, and aniline became higbly mutagenic upon nitrosation. Methylguanidine was only weakly mutagenic under the present assay conditions. The results indicate that further studies with unstable nitrosation products of dietary components are required to understand more thoroughly the role of endogenous nitrosation in gastric cancer. KW - Medizin Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86194 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - König, Dorothea T1 - Materialien zu den Fragmenten des Mihanovic-Homiliars N2 - No abstract available Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-38603 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheer, Ulrich A1 - Messner, Karin A1 - Hazan, Rachel A1 - Raska, Ivan A1 - Hansmann, Paul A1 - Falk, Heinz A1 - Spiess, Eberhard A1 - Franke, Werner W. T1 - High sensitivity immunolocalization of double and single-stranded DNA by a monoclonal antibody N2 - A monoclonal antibody (AK 30-10) is described which specifically reacts with DNA both in double and single-stranded forms but not with other molecules and structures, including deoxyribonucleotides and RNAs. When used in immunocytochemical experiments on tissue sections and permeabilized cultured cells, this antibody detects DNA-containing structures, even when the DNA is present in very small amounts. Examples of high resolution detection include the DNA present in amplified extrachromosomal nucleoli, chromomeres of lampbrush chromosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts and mycoplasmal particles. In immunoelectron microscopy using the immunogold technique, the DNA was localized in distinct substructures such as the "fibrillar centers" of nucleoli and certain stromal centers in chloroplasts. The antibody also reacts with DNA of chromatin of living cells, as shown by microinjection into cultured mitotic cells and into nuclei of amphibian oocytes. The potential value and the limitations of immunocytochemical DNA detection are discussed. KW - Cytologie KW - DNA antibodies KW - monoclonal antibodies KW - DNA immunolocalization KW - chromatin KW - mycoplasma tests Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-41063 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harth-Peter, Waltraud T1 - Zur Einführung (Das Kind (1987) 1-2) N2 - No abstract available KW - Kind KW - Erziehung Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42827 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kekow, J. A1 - Ulrichs, Karin A1 - Müller-Ruchholtz, W. A1 - Gross, WL T1 - Pancreas transplantation: a study of insulin secretion in isolated islets of Langerhans and in sera using a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay N2 - No abstract available KW - Chirurgie Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45229 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Falk, W. A1 - Ulrichs, Karin A1 - Müller-Ruchholtz, W. T1 - 15-Deoxyspergualin (a new guanidine-like drug) blocks T lymphocyte proliferation N2 - No abstract available KW - Chirurgie Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45215 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sagelsdorff, P. A1 - Lutz, Werner K. T1 - Sensitivity of DNA and nucleotides to oxidation by permanganate and hydrogen peroxide N2 - no abstract available KW - Toxikologie Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80062 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lutz, Werner K. T1 - Quantitative evaluation of DNA-binding data in vivo for low-dose extrapolations N2 - no abstract available KW - Toxikologie Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80079 ER - TY - THES A1 - Krämer, Sabine T1 - Probleme eines Fragebuchs für einen ostfränkischen Dialektatlas (Am Beispiel von Erlach) N2 - Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist es, ausgehend von einer Aufnahme des Lautstandes der Mundart der Bauern und Handwerker von Erlach einen Vorschlag für ein neues Fragebuch zu entwickeln und davon einen Arbeitsbericht zu geben. Dabei wurde zunächst der heutige Stand der Mundart aufgenommen mit allen Neuerungen 5 Störungen und umgangssprachlichen Ausgleichserscheinungen, wobei nur die Mundart der älteren Generation dargestellt wurde. Auf die Probleme, die Sprache der mittleren und jüngeren Generation, wo sich umgangssprachliche Tendenzen stärker bemerkbar machen, darzustellen, werde ich ebenfalls kurz eingehen. KW - Dialektologie KW - Erlach
Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-79779 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schartl, Manfred A1 - Schröder, Johannes Horst T1 - A new species of the genus Xiphophorus Heckel 1848, endemic to northern Coahuila, Mexico (Pisces: Poeciliidae) N2 - Xiphophorus meyeri n. sp. is described as an endemic to Muzquiz, Coahuila, Mexico. It appears to be the northernmost species of the genus. The new species is related to X. couchianus and X. gordoni, but differs morphologically from those by dorsal fin ray number, by the expression of some gonopodial features and most markedly by the appearance of macromelanophores or tr-melanophores. KW - Schwertkräpfling KW - Coahuila Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87117 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, U. A1 - Stopper, Helga T1 - Electrofusion and electropermeabilization of cells N2 - No abstract available. KW - Elektrofusion KW - Elektroporation KW - Zelle Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-73065 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang A1 - Körkel, Joachim A1 - Vogel, Klaus T1 - Zusammenhänge zwischen Metagedächtnis, strategischem Verhalten und Gedächtnisleistungen im Grundschulalter: Eine entwicklungspsychologische Studie N2 - In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Frage geprüft, inwieweit Schulanfänger im Vergleich zu fortgeschrittenen Grundschülern tatsächlich nur wenig darüber wissen, welche Strategien in freien Reproduktionsaufgaben (son-recall) voneilhaft sind. Zu diesem Zweck wurde das Metagedächtnis von Zweit- und Vienkläßlern, also ihr Wissen um die Vorteile unterschiedlicher Sortier- und Lernstrategien, mit ihrem Lernverhalten bzw. ihrem Leistungsvermögen in unterschiedlichen Varianten der sort-recall-Aufgabe verglichen. Diese Prozedur gestattete es, die Bewertung unterschiedlicher Strategien direkt mit ihrer jeweiligen Wirksamkeit zu vergleichen. Die an je 32 Zweit- und Viertkläßlern gewonnenen Befunde: lassen sich insgesamt so interpretieren, daß die jüngeren Kinder kaum etwas über angemessene Verhaltensweisen bei freien Reproduktionsaufgaben wissen; sie ziehen perzeptuelle Organisationsstrategien konzeptuellen (taxonomischen) Organisationsstrategien vor, profitieren tatsächlich jedoch signifikant mehr von konzeptuellen Strategien. Demgegenüber verfügten die: Vienkläßler in der Regel über angemessenes Metagedächtnis: sie schätzten taxonomische Strategien nicht nur höher ein, sondern profitierten auch de facto deutlich mehr von solchen Techniken. Die Befunde können insgesamt als Bestätigung der in der neueren Literatur verbreiteten Annahme gewertet werden, daß sich das Wissen um Gedächtnisanforderungen bei sort-recall-Aufgaben erst gegen Ende: der Grundschulzeit herausbildet. KW - Metagedächtnis KW - Verhalten KW - Gedächtnisleistung KW - Grundschulkind Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87368 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peschke, Klaus A1 - Mahsberg [geb. Krapf], Dieter A1 - Fuldner, Dietrich T1 - Ecological separation, functional relationships, and limiting resources in a carrion insect community N2 - 1. Thr ecological separation of 19 carrion inscet species (adults and some of their larvae) was investigated at rabbit carcasses in North Bavaria (FRG) referring to 4 niche dimensions. In the (1.) macrohabitats (forest - clearing) the distribution of saprophageous beetle larvae was mainly considered, for (2.) seasonality the differential abundance of blow flies (Colliphoridae). (3.) The stages of decay were correlated with the temperature dependent development of blow fly maggots affecting the abundance of competing saprophageous beetles and of carnivors preying upon maggots of different size classes. By using ( 4.) microhabitats (spatial subdivision of a carcass) as further niche dimension, the dustering of speries using similar food resources was domonstrated in a niche overlap dendrogram. 2. The quantitative effect of predators on blow fly maggots was investigated both in field and laboratory experiments. Predation upon maggots rcduces their scramble competition, resulting in a higher pupal weight. Thus, the reproductive succcss of the blow flies seems to be buffered by the developmental flexibility of the calliphorids. The numerical effect of predators and parasitoids on the blow fly pupae was also quantified. 3. In a case study on the staphylinid beetle, Aleochara curtula, we investigated the diffenntial abundance of sexes. The ratio at which the males and females arrive at the carcass is balanced. Here the beetles feed and copulated. Females depart into the vicinity of the carrion much earlier than males, thus shifting the sex ratio to a maale bias. In the surroundings the females deposit their eggs, and the parasitoid first instar larvae search for scattered blow fly pupae. The temporal and spatial distribution of both sexes of A. curtula is thus not only affected by the food allocation of the adults, but a.lso by limiting resources of mating end egg laying sites as well as larval hosts. KW - Aaskäfer Y1 - 1987 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86361 ER -