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Loss of the Major Phosphatidylserine or Phosphatidylethanolamine Flippases Differentially Affect Phagocytosis
Zitieren Sie bitte immer diese URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-208771
- The lipids phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEth) are normally asymmetrically localized to the cytosolic face of membrane bilayers, but can both be externalized during diverse biological processes, including cell division, cell fusion, and cell death. Externalized lipids in the plasma membrane are recognized by lipid-binding proteins to regulate the clearance of cell corpses and other cell debris. However, it is unclear whether PtdSer and PtdEth contribute in similar or distinct ways to these processes. We discoveredThe lipids phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEth) are normally asymmetrically localized to the cytosolic face of membrane bilayers, but can both be externalized during diverse biological processes, including cell division, cell fusion, and cell death. Externalized lipids in the plasma membrane are recognized by lipid-binding proteins to regulate the clearance of cell corpses and other cell debris. However, it is unclear whether PtdSer and PtdEth contribute in similar or distinct ways to these processes. We discovered that disruption of the lipid flippases that maintain PtdSer or PtdEth asymmetry in the plasma membrane have opposite effects on phagocytosis in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Constitutive PtdSer externalization caused by disruption of the major PtdSer flippase TAT-1 led to increased phagocytosis of cell debris, sometimes leading to two cells engulfing the same debris. In contrast, PtdEth externalization caused by depletion of the major PtdEth flippase TAT-5 or its activator PAD-1 disrupted phagocytosis. These data suggest that PtdSer and PtdEth externalization have opposite effects on phagocytosis. Furthermore, externalizing PtdEth is associated with increased extracellular vesicle release, and we present evidence that the extent of extracellular vesicle accumulation correlates with the extent of phagocytic defects. Thus, a general loss of lipid asymmetry can have opposing impacts through different lipid subtypes simultaneously exerting disparate effects.…
Autor(en): | Gholamreza Fazeli, Katharina B. Beer, Michaela Geisenhof, Sarah Tröger, Julia König, Thomas Müller-Reichert, Ann M. Wehman |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-208771 |
Dokumentart: | Artikel / Aufsatz in einer Zeitschrift |
Institute der Universität: | Fakultät für Biologie / Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften |
Fakultät für Biologie / Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum | |
Sprache der Veröffentlichung: | Englisch |
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes / der Zeitschrift (Englisch): | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
ISSN: | 2296-634X |
Erscheinungsjahr: | 2020 |
Band / Jahrgang: | 8 |
Aufsatznummer: | 648 |
Originalveröffentlichung / Quelle: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 2020, 8:648. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00648 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00648 |
Allgemeine fachliche Zuordnung (DDC-Klassifikation): | 5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 57 Biowissenschaften; Biologie / 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie |
Freie Schlagwort(e): | extracellular vesicle; flippase; lipid asymmetry; phagocytosis; phosphatidylethanolamine; phosphatidylserine |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 03.03.2021 |
Datum der Erstveröffentlichung: | 21.07.2020 |
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds / Förderzeitraum 2020 | |
Lizenz (Deutsch): | CC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung 4.0 International |